Farmi Forest JL 450 Guide

Farmi Forest Corporation
Ahmolantie 6
FIN-74510 Iisalmi, Finland
Tel. [phone]
Fax. [phone]
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OPERATION, MAINTENANCE
AND SPARE PARTS MANUAL
SKIDDING WINCH
JL 450
03152270 B-EN-170108-ER
READ THIS OPERATION AND MAINTENANCE MANUAL CAREFULLY
BEFORE USING THE MACHINE
FROM MACHINE:

JL 450
3
WARNING SYMBOLS IN THIS MANUAL
imminent danger which could cause serious personal injury or death•
danger which could cause personal injury•
conditions or misuse that could damage equipment or machinery•
NOTE! reminders, such as for performing checks or carrying out
maintenance or repair procedures
•
INTRODUCTION
This manual includes the information and maintenance instructions required for operating
the machine in the optimal manner.
Although you have experience in using this kind of machinery, read the operation and maintenance
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Each and every operator must read, understand, and follow all safety
instructions and procedures.
CUSTOMER FEEDBACK
We are happy to receive your opinions and suggestions for improvements by mail, fax or e-mail. All
implemented suggestions for improvements will be rewarded.
DANGER!
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WARNING!
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CAUTION!
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CAUTION!
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JL 450
4
MANUFACTURER’S DECLARATION OF
CONFORMITY
Farmi Forest Corporation
Ahmolantie 6, FIN-74510 IISALMI, Finland
Informs that the machine, launched on to the market
Farmi skidding winch
(make)
JL 450
(type)
(serial number)
conforms to the directives 98/37/EC and 89/336/EC, as amended, and the national regulations
bringing these directives into force.
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EN 292-2, EN 294, EN 60204-1
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prEN 1553
Iisalmi, Finland 17.1.2008
(place) (date)
Juha Hallivuori

JL 450
5
M6 10 7/16
M8 13 1/2
M10 17 11/16
M12 19 3/4
M16 24 15/16
M20 30 1 3/16
M24 34 1 7/16
Thread Millimeter Inch
When ordering spare parts, please indicate the machine’s type from the machine plate,
spare part’s order number, description and quantity required.
Example. JL450, 92820182, pin, 2 pc
TABLE OF CONTENTS
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS 6
STICKERS AND PLATES 10
MAIN PARTS AND ACCESSORIES 13
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION 14
MOUNTING 15
PRE-OPERATION CHECKS 16
CONTROLS 17
OPERATION 17
PRE-OPERATION CHECKS 18
WINCHING 19
SKIDDING 19
DROPPING THE LOAD 20
TRANSPORTATION 20
MAINTENANCE 21
LUBRICATION 21
CLUTCH ADJUSTMENT 21
ADJUSTING THE ROLLER CHAIN TIGHTNESS 22
ADJUSTING THE DRUM BRAKE 22
REMOVING THE WINCH MECHANISM 22
ASSEMBLY OF THE MECHANISM 23
TROUBLE SHOOTING 24
FRAME 26
MACHINERY 28
PROTECTIVE SCREEN 32
LOWER PROTECTIVE SCREEN 33
COVER OF THE UNIVERSAL SHAFT 33
ACCESSORIES 34

JL 450
6
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
These safety instructions are meant for the owners
of FARMI equipment, as well as those who operate,
service or repair it.
The instructions help with:
using the machine safely, appropriately and
effectively.
identifying, avoiding and preventing potentially
dangerous situations.
The manufacturer supplies an instruction manual,
which must always be available at the place of
operation of the machine. Each user must read the
safety, maintenance and operating instructions be-
fore operating the machine, and comply with these
instructions at all times.
Ensure that every operator of the machine is
familiar with the content of the instruction
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instructions, and has been suitably trained
before operating the machine.
The machine complies with technical requirements
and applicable safety regulations. However, incorrect
use, maintenance or repair of the machine may
cause risks.
In addition to the instruction manual, remember to
comply with regulations of the local occupational
health and safety authorities, and with your
country’s laws and decrees.
The manufacturer is not liable for damages
caused by:
incorrect, negligent or inappropriate use of the
product.
non-original spare parts.
normal wear and tear.
misuse caused by an untrained person’s
improper actions.
alterations made without the manufacturer’s
permission.
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Written authorization
must be requested from the
manufacturer for any
alterations to the machine.
STARTING
Familiarize yourself thoroughly with the use,
operation and controls of the machine and its
equipment before starting.
Familiarize yourself with the capacities and
limitations of the machine and its equipment.
Do not use the machine unless you are
completely familiar with its operation.
Be aware of the machine’s danger zones.
During operation, prevent bystanders from
entering the danger zone.
Ensure that each operator has the necessary
safety equipment, such as a helmet, safety
goggles, work safety boots and suitable protective
clothing.
Never wear loose clothing around moving parts.
Protect long hair!
Ensure that work is carried out according to the
stipulations of applicable occupational health
and safety legislation.
Before starting up or using the machine, ensure
that it cannot cause a risk to other people or
property.
Perform a safety check on the machine before
every use. If you observe any faults or
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Before operating the machine, ensure that there
are no foreign articles in it.
Place the machine on a hard, level surface for
operation. In the winter avoid working in slippery
areas.
Before operation, ensure the machine is properly
connected.
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CAUTION!
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JL 450
7
OPERATION
Many occupational accidents
take place in abnormal
circumstances. Therefore it is
important to take into account
all the possible circumstances
that may arise during operation
of the machine.
Depending on the machine’s type, it will have
diverse safety devices and protectors. These are
meant to protect the machine and its operator,
and they must never be removed or altered.
Never start up or use the machine without all
the safety devices and protectors in place. Also
check the universal joint’s safety equipment and
joins.
Never insert any body part into the machine with
the engine running.
If any faults arise that may jeopardize occupational
safety, turn off the machine.
During operation, the machine’s operator is
responsible for safety in the whole work area.
Work may not be carried out in the presence of
any factors that jeopardize occupational safety.
Exercise extreme caution when hitching /
unhitching the machine from a tractor/trailer.
The machine’s operator must
have constant, unobstructed
visibility of the work area. If
this is not possible, the ope-
rator must work with an assis-
tant.
Look out for moving parts when the machine is
in operation.
Secure the machine against unauthorized and
accidental operation (e.g. moving when parked)
whenever it is left unattended.
Never leave the machine running unattended.
Avoid causing fast, stroke-like loading.
Never exceed the given operating values.
All safety and warning signs on and in the
machine must be legible and intact.
The machine may not be operated by persons
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or alcohol.
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MAINTENANCE
The machine may only be serviced and repaired
by professionals.
Electrical and hydraulic faults may only be
repaired by authorized professionals.
In cases requiring welding, contact
the manufacturer.
Turn off the tractor engine and disconnect the
universal joint before beginning service or
maintenance actions.
Ensure that there is no pressure in the hydraulic
system.
Take out the key from the tractor’s ignition for
the duration of the servicing or maintenance.
Check that the power is off from the machine
you are working on.
When servicing the machine, place it on a level
surface and ensure that it cannot be moved.
Observe the service intervals and annual safety
inspections.
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manufacturer’s requirements. This can be
guaranteed by using original parts.
Put all safety devices back into place immediately
once servicing or maintenance is complete.
When lifting the machine,
check that the lifting/hoisting
equipment is in perfect
working order. Check the
weight of the machine before
lifting it. Choose lifting
trajectories so that they do not
cause any danger.
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hoisting cables and hoists. Always comply with local
safety regulations.
OILS AND LUBRICATION
Always use the oil types recommended by the
manufacturer. Other types of oil may cause
faults or improper operation of the equipment,
which could lead to serious damage to people or
property.
Never mix different liquids or oils.
Always follow the manufacturer’s lubrication
instructions.
Use control equipment carefully until the hydraulic
oil has had time to reach its operating temperature.
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DANGER!
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CAUTION!
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CAUTION!
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JL 450
8
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
FOR HYDRAULIC CIRCUITS
Work on hydraulic equipment may only be
carried out by professional hydraulic engineers.
Be cautious when using the equipment in cold
conditions.
Check the machine for leaks. Do not use the
machine if there is a leak from any system.
Check all hydraulic hoses – particularly those
which are bent during use – and replace any
that are in poor condition or have leaks. Ensure
that all joins are tight and that the lines are not
damaged. Check that all protective caps and
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Check that all hose connectors, lengths and
qualities comply with applicable requirements.
When replacing or repairing hoses, use original
parts or hoses and connectors recommended
by the manufacturer. Check particularly that the
pressure classes of the hoses and connectors
are suitable to the operating pressure levels.
Check that all safety devices such as pressure
relief valves, etc., are in place and work properly.
Familiarize yourself with their use.
Safety systems may never be bypassed.
Check the main hydraulic parts daily, and
always after a fault. Replace any damaged
parts immediately.
If a component is damaged, clean it before
repairing it. Do not use solvents when cleaning
parts.
Do not attempt to carry out repairs that you are
not fully familiar with.
Never carry out repairs of the hydraulic circuit
when the system is pressurized. When
pressurized, the oil spray can penetrate the skin
and cause mortal danger.
Never work below a device or component that is
only being held up by hydraulics.
Use separate supports when carrying our
maintenance or repairs. Do not disconnect
cylinders or their valves until the machine is well
supported.
Most hydraulic oils do not evaporate easily. Risk
factors include hot oil, spills and oil mist
(pressurized).
If oil gets into your eyes, rinse with plenty of
water and contact a doctor.
Avoid prolonged or repeated contact with your
skin.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
8.
9.
10.
11.
12.
13.
If sprays or contact with the skin cannot be
avoided, use protective gloves, goggles and
clothing as necessary. Do not use oily clothing.
Avoid discharging hydraulic oil into the
environment, as it can pollute waterways and
the groundwater. When working in ecologically
vulnerable areas, use biofuel.
Store the oil in sealed containers provided by
the manufacturer. Try to transfer the oil directly
from its container into the tank.
If the oil must be passed through other containers,
ensure that they are completely clean. Caps,
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clean.
Never store oil outdoors, as water could condense
in it.
Always dispose of oil in a suitable container,
never into the environment!
14.
15.
16.
17.
18.
19.

JL 450
9
SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS FOR WINCHES
Check that the wire cable is in good condition
before using the winch (check for corrosion,
sharp bends, breakage and thickness of
strands). If a cable snaps, it can whip towards
the operator or away from the winch.
Operate the winch with a guide cable at least 2
meters away to the side of the machine. Do not
operate the winch from the tractor cabin unless
a safety net has been installed.
When winching downhill, the pulling must be
done from the side using an additional idler.
When winching on a hill, do not follow the load
from below.
Side-winching must not be done at angles of
more than 30 degrees.
It is extremely dangerous to be in the space
between a load attached to the wire cable and
the winch.
Check that all bystanders are at a safe distance
of at least 15 meters whenever the machine is
running. Place warning signs on approaching
roads.
Never touch the wire cable by hand during
winching.
The maximum load must be adjusted to condi-
tions.
Check that the winching chains are carefully
attached. Do not attach the wire cable directly to
the load.
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fasteners and 2 for chain-type fasteners.
Disconnect the transmission before examining
the machine in the case of any faults.
Ensure the wire cable is as short as possible
during transport.
The winch may only be used for winching and
hauling. Do not use the winch for lifting loads.
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JL 450
10
3
2
6
5
1
4
7
8
The following plates and labels must be correctly attached to the machine.
Missing safety plates / labels must be replaced immediately.
STICKERS AND PLATES
1. Machine plate JL450 (40146530)
2. Note! See manual for operation and
maintenance. (41014750)

JL 450
11
STICKERS AND PLATES
3. Nr 41014740
Falling danger!
Do not work in an oblique position.
Crushing danger!
Do not use the winch for the lifting.
Watch out for a breaking cable!
Always use the protective screen.
4. Nr 41014730
Note!
Before doing maintenance work turn off the
motor, remove the ignition key and disengage
the P.T.O.
Accident danger!
Keep the safety equipment where it belongs.
Winding danger!
Do not wear too loose clothes and keep the hair
bound inside the cap.

JL 450
12
43402070
F
A
R
M
I
30730501
STICKERS AND PLATES
5. Nr 41014720
Falling danger!
Do not winch at sideways angles exceeding
30 degrees.
Crushing danger!
Do not stand in front of the winch when working.
Stand on the side at a distance of at least
6 ft from the winch.
Crushing danger!
Do not winch downhill.
6. Maximum rpm (42381474)
7. METSÄ-sticker (43402070)
8. FARMI-sticker (30730501)

JL 450
13
MAIN PARTS AND ACCESSORIES
Pulley
Lower snatchblock
Cable
(optional)
Upper snatchblock
Drive shaft
Clutch engagement lever
Latch rope
Control rope
Cable drum
Finger protection
Dozer blade
Drum locking latch
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JL 450
14
1500
380
420
1320
445
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION JL450
Tractive power Cable drum empty ( Maximum)
Cable drum full (Minimum)
45 kN
19 kN
Cable capacity
Ultimate strength of the cable 1,96 kN/mm2
100 m of ø 8 mm cable
recommendation 80 m of ø 10 mm cable
Winching speed 350 rpm
540 rpm
0,3 - 0,9 m/s
0,5 - 1,4 m/s
Weight( without cable) 200 kg
Clutch Mechanical friction plate clutch with heat sink
Power transmission Universal shaft from tractor
Mounting To 3-point hitch(Kat.I and Kat.II)
Power needed min. 25 kW (35 hp)
DIMENSIONS

JL 450
15
A
A
20
12
SHORTEN THE DRIVE SHAFT
Both PTO halves must
be shortened by equal
amounts.
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First cut the thicker cover to a correct lenght
(1). Remember 20 mm (0.78”) clearance.
Then cut away the same amount from the
form pipe. Make a similar shortening to the
second half of the PTO shaft. Remove the burr
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Connect the PTO shafts within each other.
Make sure by moving eevator carefully up and
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cient. Check that the axis have 20 mm (0.78”)
latitude.
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MOUNTING TO THE 3-POINT HITCH
The winch can be mounted to the 3-point linkage
of any tractor. Power transmission is obtained
through universal shaft from tractor.
ASSEMBLY OF THE PTO SHAFT
If the PTO shaft is too long
it may get pressed when the
three point hitch is lifted up.
This may cause damage to
the bearings of the winch
or to the PTO of the tractor.
The PTO shaft must not be too short in any
position.
The PTO length is suitable, if the pipes do
not reach the bottom.
PTO is optional equipment.
Mount the winch to the 3-point hitch of the
tractor.
Raise the winch high enough to get the PTO
shaft of the tractor and the winch to a horizon-
tal level.
If you have a shortened PTO shaft available,
put one end into the drive shaft and check that
the distance of the locking of the other end.
Take into account the additional clearance of
approx. 20 mm (0.78”).
Fasten the other end of the PTO shaft in its
place and also move the winch sideways at
the same time securing that the axis does not
base.
1.
2.
3.
4.
MOUNTING
CAUTION!
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CAUTION!
!

JL 450
16
FASTENING THE CABLE TO THE DRUM
Tape the cable end to prevent loosening of the
core wires.
Pass the cable through the hole in cable
guard, over the upper snatch block and then
inside the winch.
Insert the cable from behind the roll of the
drum brake.
Pull the cable onto the drum from the left hand
side (the same side as the clutch lever).
Pass the cable end through the hole in the
drum plate, pull about 15 cm (6”), and insert
under the wedge of the cable lock device. See
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Tighten the cable lock screw.
Winch the cable on the drum. BUT REMEM-
BER THAT THE CABLE HAS TO BE LOADED
HEAVILY, WHEN WINCHING THE CABLE
BACK ON THE DRUM.
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Do not use longer cable than needed. With
correct length you achieve good pulling strength
and proper winding of the cable.
1.
2.
3.
4.
5.
6.
7.
PRE-OPERATION CHECKS
CABLE
Check that:
the cable is faultless (breakage risk).
there are no twists or kinks (breakage risk) in
the cable.
the cable has been properly fastened to the
winch.
WINCH
Check that:
all the pins and lynch pins are in place.
all bolts and nuts have been tightened.
roller chain is tight.
the drum brake has been properly adjusted.
the clutch has been correctly adjusted.
lubrication is carried out correctly. See lubrica-
ting instructions.
MOUNTING TO THE TRACTOR
Check that:
the tractor’s top link point is locked. (with the
help of a support, if necessary).
the pins are properly secured.
the sway bars or turnbuckles are suitably tight.
the PTO-shaft is suitably long, properly faste-
ned and the shield chains attached.
the support leg of the winch is turned upward.
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JL 450
17
CONTROLS
Get acquainted with the
controllers of the winch be-
fore the use, tests the stop-
ping functions of the winch
and the tractor and all other
functions. Each function has
to be in perfect condition.
PULLING OUT THE CABLE
The cable can be freely drawn out if the drum
has not been locked with a latch.
WINCHING
The winch is equipped with a clutch, which will
be used by the control rope. When the user
draws the control rope, the winch begings to
draw in the cable. Winching will stop when the
rope is released.
The end of the cable drum is equipped with
a friction clutch, which slips, if the load is too
heavy. This prevents cable break or damages
if the load gets caught.
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OPERATION
SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
Read the operation
instructions before
operating this machine!
It is the owner’s
responsibility to instruct all
equipment operators and
support personnel in the operation of this
winch.
Choose a horizontal, hard based skidding route
for the tractor. Avoid steep slopes,
especially when winching from the side. Check
that the winching trail is clear and that the
tractor’s parking brake is on. Do not run the
tractor at a high idle when winching.
Maximum P.T.O speed is 540 rpm. Ensure that
the logs can be drawn freely. Be especially
careful when working on slopes.
Avoid winching sideways at angles exceeding
30 degrees. Use snatchblock which is fastened
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The safest place for the operator is at the back
left side of the winch, allowing good visibility.
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the working area.
The tractor must have a ROPS cab and front
end weights.
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Avoid working in steep terrain. Ensure nothing
is blocking the path of trees.
Avoid an unnecessarily strong pulls,
the tractor may roll over.
Adjust the tractors rpm’s according to the
conditions.
Use a shield between the seat and the winch
(e.g. safety cab or protective screen) if you run
the winch from the tractor seat.
Use agreed signals when working in groups.
When you use a light tractor, there is a very
big risk that the tractor will roll over. To avoid
that risk, you must add extra weight to the
front of the tractor.
1.
2.
3.
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4.
WARNING!
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Latch rope
Control rope
WARNING!
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JL 450
18
The falling danger of the tractor can be
reduced by winching through the lower
snatchblock.
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•PRE-OPERATION CHECKS
MOUNTING AND USE OF THE LOWER
SNATCHBLOCK
Usually the logs are winched in through the
upper pulley of the winch. This lifts the logs
and they dig less into the ground. The weight
of the load also pushes the blade into the
ground thus anchoring the winch and the
tractor to the ground.
The winch has a lower snatchblock. The main
use of the lower snatchblock is to lower the
pulling point. This enables larger loads to be
skidded out . For skidding out the load the
cable is transferred to the lower snatchblock.
Several logs can be hooked up and winched
in at one time by means of keyhole sliders on
the cable. The skidding chain should have a
pin on the end, which makes it easier to pass
WKHFKDLQXQGHUQHDWKWKHWUHH6HH¿J
When using the lower
snatch block make sure that
it follows the direction of the
cable. Otherwise the cable
will be damaged, when it is
pressed between the snatch
block and the lower snatchblock frame.
When wInching an unloaded
cable, make sure that the
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with cable and doesn’t
cause cable to crosscut.
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•
•
•
CAUTION!
!
CAUTION!
!

JL 450
19
WINCHING
Before using the winch,
you have to pull the cable
completely out of the drum
and winch the cable back on
the drum with a heavy load.
Otherwise the cable will be
damaged.
Park the winch and tractor on level, stable
ground. Lock the brakes of the tractor before
winching. Lower the 3-point hitch so that the
dozer blade anchors the winch to the ground.
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Do not let the dozer blade
sink too deeply into the
ground, so that the PTO
shaft is not damaged.
Before using the skidding winch, make sure
that the lower snatch block, the upper snatch
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Draw the cable to the load but avoid twitches.
Do not draw out too much cable to avoid loose
spaces when the cable is reeled in.
Start the tractor, turn the PTO on. Use the
winch with the control rope and stand in a safe
place at a distance of at least 2 m (6 ft) from
the winch. Use the upper snatchblock when
winching.
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clutch to avoid warming of the clutch. Stop
winching by letting go of the control rope for
the leave. The clutch will slip when the load is
•
•
1.
2.
3.
heavier than the selected pull. This prevents
damages to the cable or winch. Avoid extra
large loads. The winding speed depends on
the number of revolutions of the tractor. Do not
wind too fast.
Stop winching when the logs are at about
1,5-3 m (5-10 ft) from the tractor. Install the
cable on the lower snatch block.
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SKIDDING
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Turn the P.T.O on. Pull the clutch control rope
and winch the logs to the pulley. Keep the
tension on the cable and pull the thinner rope
that operates the brake ratchet. Stop pulling
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in place. Alternatively the skidding chains can
be attached to the notched beam.
Turn off the P.T.O.
Raise the 3-point hitch so that the logs come
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Move the logs to the desired place.
4.
1.
2.
3.
4.
CAUTION!
!
CAUTION!
!

JL 450
20
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WORKING IN ROUGH TERRAIN
Drop the load before you reach bad terrain. Drive
through the bad spot. Winch in the load again
(Fig. 13.).
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WRONG
RIGHT
IF YOU GET STUCK WITH THE TRACTOR
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Winch in the load.
If you cannot move the tractor, release the
load and winch the tractor out. When winching
the tractor out, always run the cable under
the lower pulley.
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DROPPING THE LOAD
Let down the 3-point hitch.
Pull the clutch rope until the brake ratchet
releases, then stop pulling the clutch rope.
The logs drop to the ground.
TRANSPORTATION
The cable should be run under lower snatchblock
and locked in place for transportation of the
winch.
1.
2.
1.
2.