Fisher C1P User manual

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FisherRC1 Series Pneumatic Controllers and
Transmitters
Contents
Introduction 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Scope of Manual 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Description 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Specifications 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Educational Services 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Installation 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Standard Installation 2. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Panel Mounting 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Wall Mounting 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pipestand Mounting 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Actuator Mounting 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Pressure Connections 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Supply Pressure 6. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Process Pressure 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Vent Assembly 8. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Controller Operation 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proportional−Only Controllers 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Set Point 9. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Proportional Band 9. . . . . . . . . .
Calibration: Proportional−Only Controllers 10. .
Startup: Proportional−Only Controllers 12. . . . .
Proportional−Plus−Reset Controller 13. . . . . . . .
Adjustments 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Set Point 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Proportional Band 13. . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Reset 13. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Anti−Reset Windup 14. . . . . . . .
Calibration 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calibration: Proportional−Plus−Reset
Controllers 14. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Calibration: Anti−Reset Windup 16. . . . . . . . .
Startup: Proportional−Plus−Reset
Controllers 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Differential Gap Controllers 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Set Point 16. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Proportional Band 17. . . . . . . . .
Calibration: Differential Gap Controllers 17. . . .
Startup: Differential Gap Controllers 19. . . . . . .
Transmitter Operation 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustments 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Zero 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Adjustment: Span 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
W9263−1
Figure 1. Fisher C1 Controller Yoke−Mounted on Control
Valve Actuator
Calibration: Transmitters 19. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Startup: Transmitters 20. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Principle of Operation 21. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proportional−Only Controllers 21. . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers 22. . . . . . .
Controllers with Anti−Reset Windup 22. . . . . . . .
Differential Gap Controllers 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Transmitters 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Maintenance 23. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Gauges 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Bourdon Tube 24. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Replacing Bellows Sensing Element 26. . . . . . . .
Changing Proportional or Reset Valve 27. . . . . .
Changing Anti−Reset Windup Differential
Relief Valve 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing Action 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Proportional−Only to a Differential
Gap Controller 27. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Reverse to Direct Action 28. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Relay Replacement 29. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Changing Output Signal Range 30. . . . . . . . . . . .
Parts Ordering 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Instruction Manual
D103292X012
September 2009 C1 Controllers and Transmitters

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
2
Contents (Continued)
Parts Kits 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Parts List 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Common Parts 31. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Mounting Parts for Panel, Wall, Pipestand
or Actuator Mounting 39. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Introduction
Scope of Manual
This instruction manual provides installation,
operating, maintenance, and parts information for
the Fisher C1 Series pressure controllers and
transmitters shown in figure 1. Refer to separate
instruction manuals for information regarding the
control valve, actuator, and accessories.
Do not install, operate, or maintain C1 Series
pressure controllers and transmitters without first
being fully trained and qualified in valve, actuator,
and accessory installation, operation, and
maintenance. To avoid personal injury and property
damage, it is important to carefully read, understand,
and follow all the contents of this manual, including
all safety cautions and warnings. If you have any
questions about these instructions, contact your
Emerson Process Management sales office before
proceeding.
Description
The C1 Series pneumatic pressure controllers and
transmitters use a bellows or Bourdon tube sensing
element to sense the gauge pressure, vacuum,
compound pressure, or differential pressure of a
liquid or gas. The controller or transmitter output is a
pneumatic pressure signal that can be used to
operate a final control element, indicating device, or
recording device.
Unless otherwise noted, all NACE references are to
NACE MR0175−2002.
Specifications
Specifications for the C1 Series controllers and
transmitters are listed in table 1. Table 2 explains
available configurations and options.
Educational Services
For information on available courses for C1 Series
controllers and transmitters, as well as a variety of
other products, contact:
Emerson Process Management
Educational Services, Registration
P.O. Box 190; 301 S. 1st Ave.
Marshalltown, IA 50158−2823
Phone: 800−338−8158 or
Phone: 641−754−3771
FAX: 641−754−3431
e−mail: [email protected]
Installation
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property
damage resulting from the sudden
release of pressure:
DAlways wear protective clothing,
gloves, and eyewear when performing
any installation operations.
DPersonal injury or property
damage may result from fire or
explosion if natural gas is used as the
supply medium and appropriate
preventive measures are not taken.
Preventive measures may include, but
are not limited to, one or more of the
following; remote venting of the unit,
re−evaluating the hazardous area
classification, ensuring adequate
ventilation, and the removal of any
ignition sources. For information on
remote venting of this controller/
transmitter, refer to page 8.
DIf installing into an existing
application, also refer to the WARNING
at the beginning of the Maintenance
section in this instruction manual.
DCheck with your process or safety
engineer for any additional measures
that must be taken to protect against
process media.
Standard Installation
The instruments are normally mounted vertical with
the case/cover as shown in figure 1. If installing the
instrument in any other position, be sure that the
vent opening shown in figure 2 is facing downward.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
3
Table 1. Specifications
Available Configurations
See table 2
Input Signal
Type: JGauge pressure, Jvacuum,
Jcompound pressure, or Jdifferential pressure
of a liquid or gas
Limits: See table 3 or 4
Output Signal
Proportional−Only or Proportional−Plus−Reset
Controllers and Transmitters:
J0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) or
J0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig) pneumatic
pressure signal
Differential Gap Controllers:
J0 and 1.4 bar (0 and 20 psig) or
J0 and 2.4 bar (0 and 35 psig) pneumatic
pressure signal
Action: Control action is field reversible between
Jdirect (increasing sensed pressure produces
increasing output signal) and Jreverse
(increasing sensed pressure produces decreasing
output signal).
Supply Pressure Requirements(1)
See table 5
Supply Pressure Medium
Air or natural gas
Air Quality: Supply pressure must be clean, dry air
that meets the requirements of ISA Standard
7.0.01. A maximum 40 micrometer particle size in
the air system is acceptable. Further filtration
down to 5 micrometer particle size is
recommended. Lubricant content is not to exceed
1 ppm weight (w/w) or volume (v/v) basis.
Condensation in the air supply should be
minimized
Natural Gas: Natural gas must be clean, dry,
oil−free, and noncorrosive. H2S content should
not exceed 20 ppm.
Steady−State Air Consumption(2,3)
0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig): 0.08 normal m3/hour
(3 scfh)
0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig): 0.12 normal m3/hour
(4.5 scfh)
Supply and Output Connections
1/4 NPT internal
Common Signal Pressure Conversions
See table 6
Proportional Band Adjustment
For Proportional−Only Controllers: Full output
pressure change adjustable from J2% to 100%
of the sensing element range for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3
to 15 psig) or J4% to 100% of the sensing
element range for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)
For Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers: Full
output pressure change adjustable from J3% to
100% of the sensing element range for 0.2 to 1.0
bar (3 to 15 psig), or J6% to 100% of the
sensing element range for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30
psig)
Differential Gap Adjustment
For Differential Gap Controllers:
Full output pressure change adjustable from
15% to 100% of sensing element range
Reset Adjustment
For Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers:
Adjustable from 0.01 to 74 minutes per repeat
(100 to 0.01 repeats per minute)
Zero Adjustment (Transmitters Only)
Continuously adjustable to position span of less
than 100% anywhere within the sensing element
range
Span Adjustment (Transmitters Only)
Full output pressure change adjustable from 6 to
100% of sensing element range
Performance
Repeatability: 0.5% of sensing element range
Deadband (Except Differential Gap
Controllers)(4):0.1% of process sensing element
span
Typical Frequency Response at 100%
Proportional Band
Output to Actuator: 0.7 Hz and 110 degree phase
shift with 1850 cm3(113 inches3) volume,
actuator at mid−stroke
Output to Positioner Bellows: 9 Hz and 130
degree phase shift with 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15
psig) output to 33 cm3(2 inches3) bellows
−continued−

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
4
Table 1. Specifications (continued)
Ambient Operating Temperature Limits(1)
JStandard Construction: −40 to 71_C (−40 to
160_F)
JHigh Temperature Construction: −18 to
104_C (0 to 220_F)
Anti−reset windup (differential pressure relief) and
process pressure gauge options are only
available in the standard construction
If the process temperature is outside the ambient
operating range of the controller, the length of the
capillary tube run from the sensor point to the
controller process input may be adjusted to
protect the controller from the process
temperature
Typical Ambient Temperature Operating
Influence
Proportional Control only:
Output pressure changes $3.0% of sensing
element range for each 28_C (50_F) change in
temperature between −40 and 71_C (−40 and
160_F) for a controller set at 100% proportional
band
Proportional−Plus−Reset Control:
Output pressure changes $2.0% of sensing
element range for each 28_C (50_F) change in
temperature between −40 and 71_C (−40 and
160_F) for a controller set at 100% proportional
band
Transmitters only:
Output pressure changes $3.0% of sensing
element range for each 28_C (50_F) change in
temperature between −40 and 71_C (−40 and
160_F) for a transmitter set at 100% span
Hazardous Area Classification
Complies with the requirements of ATEX Group II
Category 2 Gas and Dust
Refer to figure 25 for location of ATEX marking
Approximate Weight
8.2 kg (18 pounds)
Options
Case pressure tested to 0.14 bar (2 psig)
Declaration of SEP
Fisher Controls International LLC declares this
product to be in compliance with Article 3
paragraph 3 of the Pressure Equipment Directive
(PED) 97 / 23 / EC. It was designed and
manufactured in accordance with Sound
Engineering Practice (SEP) and cannot bear the
CE marking related to PED compliance.
However, the product may bear the CE marking to
indicate compliance with other applicable
European Community Directives.
1. The pressure/temperature limits in this document and any applicable standard or code limitation should not be exceeded.
2. Normal m3/hr: normal cubic meters per hour (m3/hr, 0_C and 1.01325 bar, absolute). Scfh: standard cubic feet per hour (ft3/hr, 60_F and 14.7 psig).
3. To convert from air flow rate to natural gas flow rate multiply by 1.29.
4. An adjustable differential gap (differential gap controllers) is equivalent to an adjustable deadband.
Table 2. Available Configurations TYPE NUMBER
DESCRIPTION Bourdon Tube Sensing
Element (Gauge Pressure Only) Bellows Sensing Element
Gauge Pressure Differential Pressure
Proportional−only controller
C1P C1B
C1D
Proportional−plus−resetcontroller Without anti−reset windup
With anti−reset windup −−−
Differential gap controller −−−
Transmitter C1D

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
5
Table 3. Bourdon Tube Pressure Range and Materials
PRESSURE RANGES(1,2) MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STATIC PRESSURE LIMITS(3)
MATERIAL(5)
Standard With Optional Travel Stop(4)
Bar Psig Bar Psig Bar Psig
0 to 2.0
0 to 4.0
0 to 7.0
0 to 30
0 to 60
0 to 100
2.0
4.0
7.0
30
60
100
3.3
6.6
11
48
96
160
316 stainless steel
0 to 14
0 to 20
0 to 40
0 to 70
0 to 200
0 to 300
0 to 600
0 to 1000
14
20
40
70
200
300
600
1000
19
29
50
83
280
420
720
1200
0 to 100
0 to 200
0 to 350
0 to 1500
0 to 3000
0 to 5000
100
200
350
1500
3000
5000
115
230
380
1650
3300
5500
0 to 550
0 to 700 0 to 8000 0 to 10.000 550 700 8000 10,000 550 700 8000 10,000
1. If the process can trip to a pressure outside of the operating range of the sensing element, a commercially available device, such as an overpressure protector, may be used to
protect against pressure surges and pulsations.
2. Range marked on Bourdon tube may be in kPa (1 bar = 100 kPa)
3. Bourdon tube may be pressurized to limit shown without permanent zero shift.
4. With travel stop set at 110% of the range.
5. Bourdon tubes are also available in NACE compliant material. Contact your Emerson Process Management sales office for additional information.
Table 4. Bellows Pressure Ranges and Materials
PRESSURE RANGES(1) MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE STATIC
PRESSURE LIMITS(2)
Brass
Construction Stainless Steel Construction
Bar Psig Bar Psig
Gauge Pressure
Vacuum 0 to 150 mbar (0 to 60 inch wc)
0 to 340 mbar (0 to 10 inch Hg)
0 to 1.0 bar (0 to 30 inch Hg)
1.4
2.8
2.8
20
40
40
−−−
−−−
6.9
−−−
−−−
100
Compound Pressure 75 mbar vac. to 75 mbar (30 inch wc vac. to 30 inch wc)
500 mbar vac. to 500 mbar (15 inch Hg vac. to 7.5 psig)
1.0 bar vac. to 1.0 bar (30 inch Hg vac. to 15 psig)
1.4
2.8
2.8
20
40
40
−−−
6.9
6.9
−−−
100
100
Positive pressure
0 to 150 mbar (0 to 60 inch wc)
0 to 250 mbar(3) (0 to 100 inch wc)
0 to 350 mbar(4) (0 to 140 inch wc)
0 to 0.35 bar (0 to 5 psig)
0 to 0.5 bar (0 to 7.5 psig)
1.4
1.4
2.8
2.8
2.8
20
20
40
40
40
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
0 to 0.7 bar (0 to 10 psig)
0 to 1.0 bar (0 to 15 psig)
0 to 1.4 bar (0 to 20 psig)
0 to 2.0 bar (0 to 30 psig)
2.8
2.8
2.8
2.8
40
40
40
40
−−−
6.9
−−−
6.9
−−−
100
−−−
100
Differential Pressure(5)
0 to 300 mbar (0 to 80 inch wc)
0 to 0.7 bar (0 to 10 psi)
0 to 1.4 bar (0 to 20 psi)
0 to 2.0 bar (0 to 30 psi)
1.4
2.8
2.8
−−−
20
40
40
−−−
−−−
−−−
−−−
6.9
−−−
−−−
−−−
100
1. If the process can trip to a pressure outside of the operating range of the sensing element, a commercially available device, such as an overpressure protector, may be used to protect against
pressure surges and pulsations.
2. Bellows may be pressured to limit shown without permanent zero shift.
3. Transmitter only.
4. Except transmitter.
5. The overrange limit for these sensing elements is a differential pressure equal to the maximum allowable static pressure limit.
Table 5. Supply Pressure Requirements
OUTPUT SIGNAL RANGE NORMAL OPERATING SUPPLY
PRESSURE(1) MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE SUPPLY PRESSURE TO PREVENT INTERNAL PART DAMAGE
Bar 0.2 to 1.0 or 0 and 1.4 (differential gap) 1.4 2.8
0.4 to 2.0 or 0 and 2.4 (differential gap) 2.4 2.8
Psig 3 to 15 or 0 and 20 (differential gap) 20 40
6 to 30 or 0 and 35 (differential gap) 35 40
1. If this pressure is exceeded, control may be impaired.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
6
Panel Mounting
Refer to figure 2.
Cut a hole in the panel surface according to the
dimensions shown in figure 2. Remove the cap
screws (key 252), brackets (key 251), and vent
assembly (key 28). Slide the controller or transmitter
into the cutout and reattach the brackets. Tighten the
cap screw located in the center of each bracket to
draw the case snugly and evenly against the panel.
Reinstall the vent unless a remote vent will be used.
Wall Mounting
Refer to figure 2.
Drill four holes in the wall using the dimensions
shown in figure 2. In the bracket (key 251) are 8.7
mm (0.3438 inch) diameter holes. Back out the cap
screw located in the center of each bracket. (The
screws are used for panel mounting but are not
required for wall mounting.) If tubing runs through
the wall, drill holes in the wall to accommodate the
tubings. Figure 2 shows the pressure connection
locations in the back of the case.
Mount the controller to the bracket using the four cap
screws (key 252) provided. Attach the bracket to the
wall, using suitable screws or bolts.
Pipestand Mounting
Refer to figure 2.
Use a hammer and punch to knock out the blanks in
the two holes indicated in the back view of figure 2.
Attach the spacer spools (key 228) and the mounting
plate (key 213) to the controller with cap screws,
lock washers, and nuts (keys 215, 221, and 216).
Attach the controller to a 2−inch (nominal) pipe with
pipe clamps (key 250).
Actuator Mounting
Refer to figure 3.
Controllers specified for mounting on a control valve
actuator are mounted at the factory. If the instrument
is ordered separately for installation on a control
valve actuator, mount the instrument according to
the following instructions.
Mounting parts for the different actuator types and
sizes vary. Two typical actuator−mounting
installations are shown in figure 3; see the parts list
for parts required for the specific actuator type and
size involved.
Use a hammer and punch to knock out the blanks in
the two holes indicated in the back view of figure 2.
Attach the spacer spools (key 228) and the mounting
plate (key 213) to the controller with machine
screws, lock washers, and nuts (keys 215, 221, and
216).
Attach the mounting bracket to the actuator yoke
with cap screws (key 222) and, if needed, spacer
spools. On some designs, the mounting bracket is
attached to the actuator diaphragm casing rather
than to the yoke.
Pressure Connections
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property
damage resulting from the sudden
release of pressure, do not install any
system component where service
conditions could exceed the limits
given in this manual. Use
pressure−relieving devices as required
by government or accepted industry
codes and good engineering practices.
All pressure connections on C1 Series instruments
are 1/4 NPT internal. Use 6 mm (1/4−inch) or 10 mm
(3/8−inch) pipe or tubing for supply and output
piping. The pressure connection locations are shown
in figure 2.
Supply Pressure
WARNING
Severe personal injury or property
damage may occur from an
uncontrolled process if the instrument
supply medium is not clean, dry,
oil−free and noncorrosive. While use
and regular maintenance of a filter that
removes particles larger than 40
micrometers in diameter will suffice in
most applications, check with an
Emerson Process Management field
office and industry instrument supply
medium quality standards for use with
hazardous gas or if you are unsure
about the proper amount or method of
air filtration or filter maintenance.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
7
2 INCH
(NOMINAL)
PIPE
VENT ASSEMBLY
(KEY 28)
FOUR HOLES
FOR WALL
MOUNTING
CUTOUT FOR
PANEL MOUNTING
MOUNTING
HOLES
PANEL MOUNTING WALL MOUNTING
BACK VIEW
PIPESTAND MOUNTING
mm
(INCH)
NOTES:
1. ALL CONNECTIONS ARE 1/4 NPT INTERNAL.
HIGH−PRESSURE CONNECTION FOR DIFFERENTIAL−PRESSURE UNITS.
2
3LOW−PRESSURE CONNECTION FOR DIFFERENTIAL−PRESSURE UNITS.
E1052
101.6
(4.00)
14.3
(0.56) R
244.3
(9.62)
215.9
(8.50)
218.9
(8.62)
142.7
(5.62)
69.1
(2.72)
23.1
(0.91)
65.8
(2.59)
63.5
(2.50) 63.5
(2.50)
180.8
(7.12)
8.7
(11/32)
KNOCK−OUT KNOCK−OUT
Figure 2. Panel, Wall, and Pipestand Mounting
Supply pressure must be clean, dry air that meets
the requirements of ISA Standard 7.0.01. A
maximum 40 micrometer particle size in the air
system is acceptable. Further filtration down to 5
micrometer particle size is recommended. Lubricant
content is not to exceed 1 ppm weight (w/w) or
volume (v/v) basis. Condensation in the air supply
should be minimized. Alternatively, natural gas may
be used as the supply pressure medium. Gas must
be clean, dry, oil−free, and noncorrosive. H2S
content should not exceed 20 ppm.
Use a suitable supply pressure regulator to reduce
the supply pressure source to the normal operating
supply pressure shown in table 5. Connect supply
pressure to the SUPPLY connection at the back of
the case.
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property
damage resulting from the sudden
release of process pressure, use a
high pressure regulator system when
operating the controller or transmitter
from a high pressure source.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
8
If operating the controller or transmitter from a high
pressure source [up to 138 bar (2000 psig)], use a
high pressure regulator system, such as the Fisher
1367 High Pressure Instrument Supply System. For
1367 system installation, adjustment, and
maintenance information, refer to the 1367
High−Pressure Instrument Supply System with
Overpressure Protection instruction manual,
D100343X012.
Process Pressure
WARNING
To avoid personal injury or property
damage resulting from the sudden
release of pressure when using
corrosive media, make sure the tubing
and instrument components that
contact the corrosive medium are of
suitable noncorrosive material.
Also refer to the Installation Warning
at the beginning of this section.
The pressure connections to the controller depend
upon the type of pressure sensing, gauge or
differential. Gauge pressure controllers use either a
Bourdon tube or bellows as the sensing element, as
indicated in table 2. Differential pressure controllers
use two bellows to sense differential pressure.
For gauge pressure instruments: The control
pressure block (key 10 in figure 21) has two
connections. Process pressure can be connected
either to the CONTROL connection on the back of
the case, or to the connection on the left side of the
case, shown in figure 2, depending on the
instrument application. Plug the unused connection.
For differential pressure instruments: Connect
the low pressure line to the CONTROL connection
on the side of the case and the high pressure line to
the CONTROL connection on the back of the case
as shown in figure 2.
When installing process piping, follow accepted
practices to ensure accurate transmission of the
process pressure to the controller or transmitter.
Install shutoff valves, vents, drains, or seal systems
as needed in the process pressure lines. If the
instrument is located such that the adjacent process
pressure lines will be approximately horizontal, the
lines should slope downward to the instrument for
liquid−filled lines and upward to instruments for
gas−filled lines. This will minimize the possibility of
Table 6. Common Signal Pressure Conversions
Mps kg/cm2bar kPa Psi
0.02
0.03
0.04
0.05
0.06
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.2(2)
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
20(1)
35
40(1)
50
60
3
5
6
7
9
0.07
0.08
0.09
0.10
0.12
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0(3)
1.3
0.8
0.8
1.0
1.0(2)
1.2
75
80
95
100(1)
125
11
12
14
15
18
0.14
0.15
0.17
0.18
0.20
1.4
1.5
1.8
1.9
2.0
1.4
1.5
1.7
1.9
2.0(3)
140
150
170
185
200(1)
20
22
25
27
30
0.22
0.23
0.24
0.34
0.55
2.2
2.3
2.5
3.5
5.6
2.2
2.3
2.4
3.4
5.5
220
230
240
345
550
32
33
35
50
80
0.69
1.03 7.0 10.5 6.9 10.3 690 1035 100 150
1. Values as listed in ANSI/S7.4.
2. Values as listed in IEC Standard 382.
3. Values rounded to correspond with kPa values.
air becoming trapped in the sensor with liquid−filled
lines or of condensation becoming trapped with
gas−filled lines. The recommended slope is 83 mm
per meter (1 inch per foot).
If a controller is being used in conjunction with a
control valve to control pipeline pressure, connect
the process pressure line in a straight section of pipe
approximately 10 pipe diameters from the valve but
away from bends, elbows, and areas of abnormal
fluid velocities. For pressure−reducing service, the
process line must be connected downstream of the
valve. For pressure−relief service, the process
pressure line must be connected upstream of the
control valve. Install a needle valve in the process
pressure line to dampen pulsations.
Vent Assembly
WARNING
Personal injury or property damage
could result from fire or explosion of
accumulated gas, or from contact with
hazardous gas, if a flammable or
hazardous gas is used as the supply
pressure medium. Because the
instrument case and cover assembly
do not form a gas−tight seal when the
assembly is enclosed, a remote vent

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
9
line, adequate ventilation, and
necessary safety measures should be
used to prevent the accumulation of
flammable or hazardous gas. However,
a remote vent pipe alone cannot be
relied upon to remove all flammable
and hazardous gas. Vent line piping
should comply with local and regional
codes, and should be be as short as
possible with adequate inside diameter
and few bends to reduce case
pressure buildup.
CAUTION
When installing a remote vent pipe,
take care not to overtighten the pipe in
the vent connection. Excessive torque
will damage the threads in the
connection.
The vent assembly (key 28, figure 2) or the end of a
remote vent pipe must be protected against the
entrance of all foreign matter that could plug the
vent. Use 13 mm (1/2−inch) pipe for the remote vent
pipe, if one is required. Check the vent periodically
to be certain it has not become plugged.
Controller Operation
Proportional−Only Controllers
This section describes the adjustments and
procedures for calibration and startup. Adjustment
locations are shown in figure 4 unless otherwise
specified. All adjustments must be made with the
cover open. When the adjustments and calibration
procedures are complete, close and latch the cover.
To better understand the adjustments and overall
operation of the controller, refer to the Principle of
Operation section in this manual for
proportional−only controllers. Refer also to the
schematic diagram in figure 13.
Adjustments
Adjustment: Set Point
Adjust the pressure setting knob by turning the knob
clockwise to increase the set point and
counterclockwise to decrease the set point. Note
that the dial setting and actual process pressure may
vary significantly, especially with a wide proportional
band setting.
GE33946−A
SUPPLY PRESSURE
REGULATOR
SUPPLY PRESSURE
REGULATOR
TYPICAL ROTARY ACTUATOR
TYPICAL SLIDING STEM ACTUATOR
GE33947−A
Figure 3. Actuator Mounting
Adjustment: Proportional Band
To adjust the proportional band, rotate the
proportional band adjustment knob to the desired
value.
The proportional band adjustment determines the
amount of change in controlled pressure required to
cause the control valve to stroke fully. It may be
adjusted from 2 to 100 percent for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3
to 15 psig) or 4 to 100 percent for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to
30 psig) of the nominal sensing element pressure
rating.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
10
PROPORTIONAL BAND
ADJUSTMENT KNOB
PRESSURE SETTING KNOB
(KEY 58)
PRESSURE SETTING
DIAL (KEY 6)
FLAPPER (KEY 40)
NOZZLE (KEY 54)
CALIBRATION ADJUSTER (KEY 36)
ADJUSTER SCREWS (KEY 48)
GE28280−B
E1059 Figure 4. Proportional−Only Controller Adjustment Locations
Calibration: Proportional−Only
Controllers
Unless otherwise indicated, key number locations
are shown in figure 4.
Provide a process pressure source capable of
simulating the process pressure range of the
controller. If an output pressure gauge is not
provided, install a suitable pressure gauge for
calibration purposes.
Connect a pressure source to the supply pressure
regulator and be sure the regulator is delivering the
correct supply pressure to the controller. The
controller must be connected open loop (Open loop:
The controller output pressure changes must be
dead ended into a pressure gauge). The following
procedures use a 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) output
pressure range as an example. For a 0.4 to 2.0 bar
(6 to 30 psig) output range, adjust the values as
appropriate.
1. Complete the above connections and provide a
process pressure equal to the sensing element
range.
2. Rotate the proportional band adjustment knob,
shown in figure 4, to 1.5 (15 percent proportional
band).
3. Verify that the calibration adjuster screws
(key 48) are at mid−position in the calibration
adjuster (key 36) slots.
IF OUTPUT IS:
ABOVE
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
BELOW
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
MOVE ADJUSTER
LEFT MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT
FLAPPER
NOZZLE
NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.
A6155−1 / IL
Figure 5. Reverse−Acting Controller Span Adjustment —
Proportional−Only Controllers
Depending upon the controller action, perform one
or the other of the following procedures.
For reverse−acting controllers:
4. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range value.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
11
5. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the maximum
value.
6. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller
output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig).
7. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element lower range value.
8. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the minimum
value.
Note
When performing the span adjustment
in step 9, do not watch the output
gauge while changing the calibration
adjuster. The change in output is not a
good indication of the change in span.
While moving the calibration adjuster,
the output pressure may change in the
opposite direction than expected. For
example, while moving the calibration
adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should
be disregarded since even though the
output pressure decreases, the span is
increasing.
Proper controller response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing span adjustments,
carefully loosen both calibration
adjuster screws while holding the
calibration adjuster in place. Then
move the calibration adjuster slightly
in the required direction by hand or
using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
9. If the output is not between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by loosening
the two adjusting screws (key 48) and moving the
calibration adjuster (key 36) a small distance as
indicated in figure 5.
10. Repeat steps 4 through 9 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
11. Proceed to the startup procedure for
proportional controllers.
For direct−acting controllers:
4. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element lower range value.
IF OUTPUT IS:
BELOW
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
ABOVE
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
MOVE ADJUSTER
LEFT MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT
FLAPPER
NOZZLE
NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.
A6154 / IL
Figure 6. Direct−Acting Controller Span
Adjustment—Proportional−Only Controllers
5. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the minimum
value.
6. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller
output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig.)
7. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range value.
8. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the maximum
value.
Note
When performing the span adjustment
in step 9, do not watch the output
gauge while changing the calibration
adjuster. The change in output is not a
good indication of the change in span.
While moving the calibration adjuster,
the output pressure may change in the
opposite direction than expected. For
example, while moving the calibration
adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should
be disregarded since even though the
output pressure decreases, the span is
increasing.
Proper controller response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing span adjustments,
carefully loosen both calibration

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
12
adjuster screws while holding the
calibration adjuster in place. Then
move the calibration adjuster slightly
in the required direction by hand or
using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
9. If the output is not between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by loosening
the two adjusting screws (key 48) and moving the
calibration adjuster (key 36) a small distance as
indicated in figure 6.
10. Repeat steps 4 through 9 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
11. Proceed to the startup procedure for
proportional controllers.
Startup: Proportional−Only Controllers
(General Tuning Guidelines)
Calibrate the controller prior to this procedure.
1. Be sure that the supply pressure regulator is
delivering the proper supply pressure to the
controller.
2. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the desired
set point.
3. Set the proportional band adjustment to 100
percent for fast processes (example: liquid pressure
or liquid flow). For slow processes (example:
temperature), calculate the percentage from the
equation below:
For a slow process, determine the initial proportional
band setting in percent from the following equation:
2 Allowable Overshoot
Pressure Span 100% +P.B.
For example:
2 0.14 bar
2.1 bar 100% ^13%
2 2 psig
30 psig 100% ^13%
()
1.3 proportional band setting
4. Proportional Action
Disturb the system by tapping the flapper lightly or
change the set point a small amount and check for
system cycling. If the system does not cycle then
lower the proportional band (raising the gain) and
disturb the system again. Continue this procedure
until the system cycles. At that point, double the
proportional band setting.
Note
Proportional band adjustment affects
the set point. Proportional−only
controllers will show some offset from
set point depending upon proportional
band setting and process demand.
After adjusting the proportional band,
re−zero by carefully rotating the nozzle
(key 54) until the steady−state process
pressure equals the pressure setting
dial reading.
This tuning procedure may be too conservative for
some systems. The recommended proportional band
setting should be checked for stability by introducing
a disturbance and monitoring the process.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
13
RESET ADJUSTMENT KNOB
PROPORTIONAL BAND
ADJUSTMENT KNOB
PRESSURE SETTING
DIAL (KEY 6)
ADJUSTER SCREWS (KEY 48)
CALIBRATION ADJUSTER (KEY 36) FLAPPER (KEY 40)
NOZZLE (KEY 54)
GE28281−B
E1060
PRESSURE SETTING KNOB
(KEY 58)
Figure 7. Proportional−Plus−Reset Controller Adjustment Locations
Proportional−Plus−ResetControllers
This section describes the adjustments and
procedures for calibration and startup. The
adjustment locations are shown in figure 7 unless
otherwise specified. All adjustments must be made
with the cover open. When the adjustments and
calibration procedures are complete, close and latch
the cover. To better understand the adjustments and
overall operation of the controller, refer to the
Principle of Operation section in this manual for
proportional−plus−reset controllers. Refer also to the
schematic diagram in figure 13.
Adjustments
Adjustment: Set Point
Adjust the pressure setting knob by turning the knob
clockwise to increase the set point and
counterclockwise to decrease the set point.
Rotate the knob until the indicator points to the
desired set point pressure value. The pressure
setting dial will reflect the desired set point if the
controller is accurately calibrated.
Adjustment: Proportional Band
To adjust the proportional band, rotate the
proportional band adjustment knob to the desired
value.
The proportional band adjustment determines the
amount of change in controlled pressure required to
cause the control valve to stroke fully. It may be
adjusted from 3 to 100 percent for 0.2 to 1.0 bar (3
to 15 psig) or 6 to 100 percent for 0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to
30 psig) of the nominal sensing element pressure
rating.
Adjustment: Reset
To adjust reset action turn the knob clockwise to
decrease the minutes per repeat. Turn the knob
counterclockwise to increase the minutes per repeat.
Increasing the minutes per repeat provides a slower
reset action.
The reset adjustment dial is calibrated in minutes per
repeat. By definition, this is the time in minutes
required for the reset action to produce an output
change which is equal to the change produced by
proportional control action. This is in effect, the time
in minutes required for the controller to increase (or
decrease) its output pressure by an amount equal to
a proportional increase (or decrease) caused by a
change in set point or process pressure.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
14
Adjustment: Anti−Reset Windup
The externally mounted differential relief valve can
be mounted to relieve on increasing or decreasing
output pressure.
Calibration
Calibration: Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers
Unless otherwise indicated, key number locations
are shown in figure 7.
Before starting this procedure:
DProvide a process pressure source capable of
simulating the process pressure range of the
controller.
DIf an output pressure gauge is not provided,
install a suitable pressure gauge for calibration
purposes. The controller must be connected open
loop (Open loop: The controller output pressure
changes must be dead ended into a pressure
gauge).
Note
C1P and C1B controllers with
anti−reset windup are supplied with
two O−rings (key 81), an anti−reset
windup cover (key 80), and two
machine screws (key 82). Use these
parts in the next step.
1. For C1P and C1B controllers with anti−reset
windup record the direction of the arrow on the
anti−reset windup assembly (key 190, in figure 22).
Remove the assembly and install the two O−rings
(key 81), and cover (key 80) supplied with the
controller. Secure the cover with the two machine
screws (key 82) provided.
2. Connect regulated supply pressure to the
controller. Do not exceed the normal operating
pressure in table 5.
3. Rotate the reset knob to 0.01 minutes per repeat
(fastest setting).
4. Rotate the proportional band adjustment knob
to 1.5 (15 percent proportional band).
5. Verify that the calibration adjuster screws
(key 48) are at mid−position in the calibration
adjuster (key 36) slots.
Depending upon the controller action, perform one
or the other of the following procedures.
IF OUTPUT IS:
ABOVE
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
BELOW
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
MOVE ADJUSTER
LEFT MOVE ADJUSTER RIGHT
FLAPPER
NOZZLE
NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.
A6155−1 / IL
Figure 8. Reverse−Acting Controller Span Adjustment—
Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers
For reverse−acting controllers:
6. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range value.
7. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the maximum
value.
8. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller
output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig).
9. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element lower range value.
10. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the
minimum value.
Note
When performing the span adjustment
in step 11, do not watch the output
gauge while changing the calibration
adjuster. The change in output is not a
good indication of the change in span.
While moving the calibration adjuster,
the output pressure may change in the
opposite direction than expected. For
example, while moving the calibration
adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should
be disregarded since even though the
output pressure decreases, the span is
increasing.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
15
Proper controller response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing span adjustments,
carefully loosen both calibration
adjuster screws while holding the
calibration adjuster in place. Then
move the calibration adjuster slightly
in the required direction by hand or
using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
11. If the output pressure is not between 0.6 and 0.7
bar (8 and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by
loosening the two adjusting screws (key 48) and
moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small
distance as indicated in figure 8.
12. Repeat steps 6 through 11 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
13. For C1P and C1B controllers with anti−reset
windup, remove the two machine screws, anti−reset
windup cover, and two O−rings installed in step 1 of
this procedure. Install the anti−reset windup
assembly (key 190) with the arrow pointing in the
direction recorded in step 1.
14. Proceed to the Startup procedures for
proportional−plus−reset controllers.
For direct−acting controllers:
6. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element lower range value.
7. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the minimum
value.
8. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the controller
output pressure is between 0.6 and 0.7 bar (8
and 10 psig).
9. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range value.
10. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the
maximum value.
Note
When performing the span adjustment
in step 11, do not watch the output
gauge while changing the calibration
adjuster. The change in output is not a
good indication of the change in span.
While moving the calibration adjuster,
IF OUTPUT IS:
BELOW
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
ABOVE
8 TO 10 PSIG
(0.6 TO 0.7 BAR)
MOVE ADJUSTER
LEFT MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT
FLAPPER
NOZZLE
NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.
A6154 / IL
Figure 9. Direct−Acting Controller Span Adjustment
—Proportional−Plus−Reset Controllers
the output pressure may change in the
opposite direction than expected. For
example, while moving the calibration
adjuster to increase span, the output
pressure may decrease. This should
be disregarded since even though the
output pressure decreases, the span is
increasing.
Proper controller response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing span adjustments,
carefully loosen both calibration
adjuster screws while holding the
calibration adjuster in place. Then
move the calibration adjuster slightly
in the required direction by hand or
using a screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
11. If the output pressure is not between 0.6 and 0.7
bar (8 and 10 psig), adjust the controller span by
loosening the two adjusting screws (key 48) and
moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small
distance as indicated in figure 9.
12. Repeat steps 6 through 11 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
13. For C1P and C1B controllers with anti−reset
windup remove the two machine screws, anti−reset
windup cover, and two O−rings installed in step 1 of
this procedure. Install the anti−reset windup
assembly (key 190) with the arrow pointing in the
direction recorded in step 1.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
16
14. Proceed to the Startup procedures for
proportional−plus−reset controllers.
Calibration: Anti−Reset Windup
Controllers with anti−reset windup have a differential
relief valve assembly (figure 22). This relief valve is
set at the factory to relieve at a 0.3 bar (5 psi)
pressure difference between the reset bellows
pressure and the proportional bellows pressure. The
valve can be adjusted to relieve from 0.14 to 0.4 bar
(2 to 7 psig).
The relief valve can relieve on either rising controller
output pressure or falling controller output pressure.
If the arrow on the relief valve points toward the
bottom of the controller case as shown in figure 22,
the valve will relieve on falling output pressure. If the
arrow points in the opposite direction, the valve will
relieve on rising output pressure. The valve can be
removed and reinstalled with the arrow pointing in
the opposite direction to change the relief action.
Startup: Proportional−Plus−Reset
Controllers (General Tuning Guidelines)
Calibrate the controller prior to this procedure.
1. Be sure that the supply pressure regulator is
delivering the proper supply pressure to the
controller.
2. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the desired
set point.
3. Start with a reset setting of 0.05 minutes per
repeat (m/r) for fast processes, and 0.5 m/r for slow
processes.
4. Set the proportional band adjustment to 100
percent for fast processes (example: liquid pressure
or liquid flow). For a slow process (example:
temperature), calculate the percentage from the
equation below:
For a slow process, determine the initial proportional
band setting in percent from the following equation:
2 Allowable Overshoot
Pressure Span 100% +P.B.
For example:
2 0.14 bar
2.1 bar 100% ^13%
2 2 psig
30 psig 100% ^13%
()
1.3 proportional band setting
5. Proportional Action:
Disturb the system by tapping the flapper lightly or
change the set point a small amount and check for
system cycling. If the system does not cycle then
lower the proportional band (raising the gain) and
disturb the system again. Continue this procedure
until the system cycles. At that point, double the
proportional band setting and begin tuning the reset.
6. Reset Action:
Disturb the system. If the system does not cycle then
speed up the reset and disturb the system again.
Continue this procedure until the system cycles.
When the system cycles multiply the reset time
setting by a factor of three (3) and slow the reset
down to the new value. The reset is now tuned.
This tuning procedure may be too conservative for
some systems. The recommended proportional band
and reset setting should be checked for stability by
introducing a disturbance and monitoring the
process as previously described. For some
applications, tighter control may be desirable.
Differential Gap Controllers
This section describes the adjustments and
procedures for calibration and startup. The
adjustment locations are shown in figure 4 unless
otherwise specified. The output of each controller is
checked at the factory before the instrument is
shipped.
To convert a differential gap controller to a
proportional−only controller or vice versa, refer to the
appropriate procedure in the Maintenance section.
If the process pressure can be varied through all or
part of the sensing element range or through the two
desired switching points, use the process pressure
for calibration. If not, provide a pressure source to
simulate the process pressure range for calibration
procedures.
To better understand the adjustments and overall
operation of the controller, refer to the Principle of
Operation section in this manual for differential gap
controllers and the schematic diagram in figure 13.
Adjustments
Adjustment: Set Point
The position of the pressure setting knob determines
the location of the differential gap within the range of
the pressure sensing element. Move the pointer to
the desired pressure where the output of the
controller should switch from zero to full supply

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
17
A2202−3 / IL
PROPORTIONAL BAND KNOB SETTING
DIFFERENTIAL GAP (PERCENT OF ELEMENT RANGE)
Figure 10. Differential Gap Adjustment for Differential Gap
Controllers
pressure with rising process pressure (direct−acting
controllers) or with falling process pressure
(reverse−acting controllers).
Adjustment: Proportional Band
The proportional band adjustment shown in figure 4
determines the width of the differential gap. The
width of the gap is the difference between the
process pressures at which the controller output will
switch from zero to full supply pressure, or from full
supply pressure to zero. The relationship between
the proportional band dial setting and the differential
gap is shown in figure 10.
Calibration: Differential Gap Controllers
The output of each controller is checked at the
factory before the unit is shipped. Before placing the
controller in control of a process loop, check to verify
that the controller is calibrated correctly for the
application. The controller must be connected open
loop (Open loop: The controller output pressure
changes must be dead ended into a pressure
gauge).
1. Temporarily convert the differential gap controller
to proportional−only controller by disconnecting the
proportional tubing (key 25, figure 16) from the
mounting base. Reinstall the tubing into the other
connection in the mounting base. Remove the
proportional band assembly and invert it as shown in
figure 16. Do not invert the reversing block (key 37,
figure 16).
2. Temporarily invert the proportional band
assembly (refer to figure 18):
a. Turn the proportional band assembly (key 73)
to 10.
b. Unscrew the spring adjustor (key 65),
removing the bias spring (key 70) and washers
(key 62) with it.
c. Unclip the lock spring (key 72). Remove the
indicator scale (key 69) and proportional band
adjustment knob (key 73).
d. Remove the gain adjustment bar (key 63). Flip
it over so it attaches to the opposite side of the
cantilever spring (key 8) as shown in figure 16
and screw it back down.
e. Flip over the indicator scale (key 69); install it
and the proportional band adjustment knob
(key 73) as a unit. Snap in the lock spring
(key 72).
f. Tighten down the spring adjustor (key 65) with
the bias spring (key 70) and washers (key 62)
until it stops against the gain adjustment bar
(key 63).
g. Turn the proportional band adjustment knob to
the 10 setting. If it cannot be turned to the 10
setting, loosen the spring adjustor (key 65).
3. Calibrate using the calibration procedure for
proportional−only controllers found on page 10 of
this manual.
4. When calibration is complete, return the tubing
(key 25) and the proportional band assembly to their
original locations and continue on with step 5 of this
procedure.
Note
After reinstalling the tubing (key 25)
and proportional band assembly a
slight offset of the output pressure will
be noticed due to a combination of
switching from the proportional
bellows to the reset bellows and the
repositioning of the cantilever spring.
Performing step 6b below adjusts for
this offset.
5. Refer to figure 10 to determine the proportional
band dial setting required for the desired differential
gap.
For example, assume that a 0 to 100 psig sensing
element is being used and the controller is to switch
from zero to full supply pressure at a process

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
18
PRESSURE SETTING
DIAL (KEY 6)
ADJUSTER SCREWS (KEY 48)
CALIBRATION ADJUSTER (KEY 36)
FLAPPER (KEY 40)
NOZZLE (KEY 54) SPAN ADJUSTMENT KNOB
ZERO ADJUSTMENT KNOB
(KEY 58)
GE34729−B
E1061
Figure 11. Transmitter Adjustment Locations
pressure of 80 psig with rising process pressure and
from full supply pressure to zero at 20 psig with
falling pressure. (This is for a direct−acting
controller.) The differential gap is:
5.5 bar *1.3 bar
6.9 bar 100% +60%
80 psig *20 psig
100 psig 100% +60%
()
From figure 10, the proportional band dial setting
should be approximately 4.5; rotate the proportional
band adjustment knob to 4.5.
6. Setting the process pressure
For a Direct−Acting Controller:
a. Rotate the pressure setting knob to the
pressure at which the controller output is to
switch to the upper switching point (zero to full
supply pressure) with rising process pressure. In
the above example, this pressure is 5.5 bar (80
psig).
b. Increase pressure to the sensing element
while monitoring the output pressure gauge. The
controller output pressure should switch from
zero to full supply pressure when the upper
switching point is reached with rising input
pressure.
Note
If the upper switching point is not
correct, adjust the nozzle to correct
the error. Repeat step 6b until the
input pressure and upper switching
point are at the desired setting.
c. With falling input pressure, the output should
switch from full supply pressure back to zero
when the lower switching point is reached.
Reverse−acting controllers produce the opposite
response.
7. Vary the process pressure and observe the
switching points. Widen or narrow the differential
gap by rotating the proportional band adjustment
knob, then repeat the above steps.
If the output is within the limits stated, refer to the
startup procedures in this section. If the output
pressure cannot be adjusted within the limits stated,
refer to the maintenance procedures.

C1 Controllers and Transmitters
Instruction Manual
September 2009
19
Startup: Differential Gap Controllers
Calibrate the controller prior to this procedure.
1. Be sure that the supply pressure regulator is
delivering the proper supply pressure to the
controller.
2. Adjust the proportional band setting for the proper
differential gap (see figure 10).
3. If the controller is used in conjunction with a
control valve, slowly open the upstream and
downstream manual shutoff valves, and close the
bypass valves.
4. To change the differential gap, perform steps 1
through 5 of the calibration for differential gap
controllers procedure.
Transmitter Operation
This section describes the adjustments and
procedures for calibration and startup. Refer to
figure 11 for the adjustment locations. All
adjustments must be made with the cover open.
When the adjustments and calibration procedures
are complete, close and latch the cover.
To better understand the adjustments and overall
operation of the transmitter, refer to the Principle of
Operation section in this manual for transmitters.
Refer also to the schematic diagram in figure 13.
Adjustments
Adjustment: Zero
The pressure setting dial is marked ZERO
ADJUSTMENT PRESSURE SETTING. Zero is in the
center of the dial, and the pressure values increase
to the right and left of the center as shown in figure
11. To set the zero, rotate the pointer around the
pressure setting dial. Rotate the pointer clockwise to
increase or counterclockwise to decrease the output
depending on transmitter action and desired setting.
For direct−acting transmitters, zero adjustment
determines the process pressure at which the
transmitter output signal will be at its lower range
limit.
The dial (key 6) graduations are approximate
indications of the transmitter zero setting. When
making adjustments, do not rely solely on the dial
setting. Monitor the process pressure and output
pressure to be sure the desired settings are attained.
Adjustment: Span
The span adjustment is graduated from 0 to 10. A
setting of 10 represents a span setting of 100
percent of the process sensing element range. The
transmitter achieves the highest accuracy when the
span is 100 percent.
The transmitter span adjustment shown in figure 11
is the same as the controller proportional band
adjustment.
Calibration: Transmitters
The output of each transmitter is checked at the
factory before the unit is shipped. The transmitter
provides an output signal that is proportional to the
pressure applied to the sensing element. The output
pressure has no direct effect on the process
pressure.
The transmitter is calibrated at the factory and
should not need additional adjustment. Use the
following calibration procedures when the sensing
element has been changed or other maintenance
procedures have altered the calibration of the
transmitter. The following procedures use a 0.2 to
1.0 bar (3 to 15 psig) output pressure range as an
example. For other output pressure ranges [such as
0.4 to 2.0 bar (6 to 30 psig)] adjust the values to
match the application.
Provide a process pressure source capable of
simulating the process pressure range of the
transmitter. If an output pressure gauge is not
provided, install a suitable pressure gauge for
calibration purposes. Connect a pressure source to
the supply pressure regulator and be sure the
regulator is delivering the correct supply pressure to
the transmitter.
Note
For stability, some transmitter
applications will require additional
volume than just the gauge. Provide a
minimum volume of approximately 25
cm3(1.5 in3) or greater if stability is a
problem.
Unless otherwise indicated, key number locations
are shown in figure 11.
1. Complete the above connections and provide a
process pressure equal to the sensing element
range.
2. Rotate the span adjustment knob to the
maximum setting on the dial (100 percent span).

C1 Controllers and Transmitters Instruction Manual
September 2009
20
IF OUTPUT IS:
MOVE ADJUSTER
LEFT MOVE ADJUSTER
RIGHT
NOTE:
3 TO 15 PSIG (0.2 TO 1.0 BAR) OUTPUT SHOWN.
FOR 6 TO 30 PSIG (0.4 TO 2.0 BAR) OUTPUT, ADJUST
VALUES AS APPROPRIATE.
A6156 / IL
ABOVE
15 PSIG
(1.0 BAR)
BELOW
15 PSIG
(1.0 BAR)
Figure 12. Transmitter Span Adjustment
3. Verify that the calibration adjuster screws
(key 48) are at mid−position in the calibration
adjuster (key 36) slots.
Depending upon the transmitter action, perform one
or the other of the following procedures.
For reverse−acting transmitters:
4. Rotate the zero adjustment knob to zero.
5. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range limit.
6. Adjust the nozzle (key 57) until the transmitter
output pressure is at 0.2 bar (3 psig).
7. Set the input pressure equal to zero.
Note
Proper transmitter response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing the span adjustment
in step 8, carefully loosen both
calibration adjuster screws while
holding the calibration adjuster in
place. Then move the calibration
adjuster slightly in the required
direction by hand or using a
screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
8. If the output pressure is not 15 psig, adjust the
span by loosening the two adjusting screws (key 48)
and moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small
distance as indicated in figure 12.
9. Repeat steps 4 through 8 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
10. Proceed to the startup procedure for
transmitters.
For direct−acting transmitters:
4. Rotate the zero adjustment knob to zero.
5. Set the input pressure to zero.
6. Adjust the nozzle (key 54) until the transmitter
output pressure is at 0.2 bar (3 psig).
7. Apply an input pressure equal to the sensing
element upper range value.
Note
Proper transmitter response depends
on nozzle−to−flapper alignment.
When performing the span adjustment
in step 8, carefully loosen both
calibration adjuster screws while
holding the calibration adjuster in
place. Then move the calibration
adjuster slightly in the required
direction by hand or using a
screwdriver. Verify proper
nozzle−to−flapper alignment and hold
the calibration adjuster in place while
tightening both adjustment screws.
8. If the output pressure is not 15 psig, adjust the
span by loosening the two adjusting screws (key 48)
and moving the calibration adjuster (key 36) a small
distance as indicated in figure 12.
9. Repeat steps 4 through 8 until no further
adjustment is necessary.
10. Proceed to the startup procedure for
transmitters.
Startup: Transmitters
1. Be sure that the supply pressure regulator is
delivering the proper supply pressure to the
transmitter.
2. Refer to the calibration procedures for the
transmitter initial settings.