FRO­NIUS Tauro 50-3 User manual

Fronius prints on elemental chlorine free paper (ECF) sourced from certified sustainable forests (FSC).
/ Perfect Charging / Perfect Welding / Solar Energy
Fronius Tauro 50-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 50-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 99-3
Fronius Tauro ECO 100-3
EN
Operating instructions
42,0426,0307,EN 017-23112021

Contents
Safety rules 6
Explanation of safety notices 6
General 6
Environmental conditions 7
Qualified personnel 7
Safety measures at the installation location 7
Noise emission values 7
EMC measures 7
Data protection 7
Copyright 7
Protective earthing (PE) 8
General information 9
Description of the device 11
Description of the device 11
AC Daisy Chain 11
String fuses 11
Fronius Solar.web 12
Protection of people and equipment 13
Safety 13
Warning notices and rating plate on the device 13
WSD (wired shutdown) 14
Central grid and system protection 14
RCMU 14
Surge protective device 14
Surge protective device (SPD) 15
Proper use 16
Intended use 16
Regulations governing the photovoltaic system 16
Functional principle 17
Functional principle 17
Cooling of the inverter through forced-air ventilation 17
Power derating 17
Control elements and connections 18
Controls and displays 18
PV connections - Tauro 50-3-D (direct) 18
PV connections - Tauro Eco 50-3-D (direct) 19
PV connections - Tauro Eco 99-3-D / 100-3-D (direct) 19
PV connections - pre-combined 19
Optional DC disconnector lock 20
Mounting option for third-party components 20
Data communication area in the inverter 20
Data communication area 21
Internal schematic connection diagram of the IOs 22
Button functions and LED status indicator 23
Installation and commissioning 25
Installation location and position 27
Choosing the location of the inverter 27
Installation position 28
Transport 30
Crane transport 30
Transporting by counterbalanced lift truck or lift truck 30
Mounting the inverter 31
Selecting the fixing material 31
Mounting bracket dimensions 31
Mounting the inverter on the wall 32
Mounting the inverter on floor racks 33
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Connecting the inverter to the public grid (AC side) 34
Monitoring the grid 34
AC connection area 34
Connecting aluminium cables 35
Permitted cables 35
Maximum alternating current fuse protection 36
Changing the clamping area for V-type terminal 36
Additional PE introduction for earthing 36
Safety 37
Opening the inverter 38
Switching off the AC disconnector option 38
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Singlecore 38
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Multicore 40
Connecting the inverter to the public grid - Daisy Chain 41
Connecting cables with a cable lug 43
Connecting the PV cable to the inverter 44
Safety 44
General comments regarding solar modules 45
Permitted cables 45
DC fuse protection - pre-combined 46
Example of Fronius Tauro Eco 50-3-P / 99-3-P / 100-3-P combiner box 46
Example Fronius Tauro 50-3-P combiner box 47
Distribution of the solar module strings for the direct version 47
Connecting PV cables - MC4 connector 48
MC4 connector cover 48
Connecting PV cables - Pre-combined 49
Connecting cables with a cable lug 50
Replacing the string fuses 50
Closing and switching on the inverter 52
Connecting the data communication cable 54
Modbus participants 54
Permitted cables for the data communication area 54
Multiple inverters in one network 55
Routing data communication cables 55
WSD (wired shutdown) 57
Using for the first time 58
Starting the inverter for the first time 58
Fronius system monitoring (Pilot) display 58
Installation with the app 58
Installation using the web browser 59
Switch off power to the inverter 60
Switch off power to the inverter 60
Settings - website of the inverter 61
User settings 63
User login 63
Selecting the language 63
Device configuration 64
Components 64
Functions and IOs 64
"PSC editor - AUS - Demand Response Modes (DRM)" 65
Demand Response Modes (DRM) 65
System 66
General 66
Update 66
Setup wizard 66
Restoring the factory settings 66
Event Log 66
Information 66
Licence manager 67
Support 67
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Communication 69
Network 69
Modbus 70
Fronius Solar API 71
Safety and grid requirements 72
Feed-in limitation 72
I/O power management 72
Connection diagram - 4 relays 73
I/O power management settings - 4 relays 74
Connection diagram - 3 relays 75
I/O power management settings - 3 relays 76
Connection diagram - 2 relays 77
I/O power management settings - 2 relays 78
Connection diagram - 1 relay 79
I/O power management settings - 1 relay 80
Appendix 81
Status codes and remedy 83
Status Codes 83
Technical data 84
Tauro 50-3-D / 50-3-P 84
Tauro Eco 50-3-D / 50-3-P 85
Tauro Eco 99-3-D / 99-3-P 87
Tauro Eco 100-3-D / 100-3-P 89
Explanation of footnotes 91
Integrated DC disconnector 91
Applicable standards and guidelines 93
CE mark 93
WLAN 93
Power failure 93
Service, warranty terms and conditions and disposal 94
Fronius SOS 94
Fronius manufacturer's warranty 94
Disposal 94
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EN

Safety rules
Explanation of
safety notices WARNING!
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation.
▶If not avoided, death or serious injury may result.
CAUTION!
Indicates a situation where damage could occur.
▶If not avoided, minor injury and/or damage to property may result.
NOTE!
Indicates a risk of flawed results and possible damage to the equipment.
If you see any of the symbols depicted in the "Safety rules" chapter, special care is re-
quired.
General The device has been manufactured in line with the state of the art and according to re-
cognised safety standards. In the event of incorrect operation or misuse, there is a risk
of:
- Injury or death to the operator or a third party
- Damage to the device and other material assets belonging to the operator
All personnel involved in commissioning and maintenance of the device must:
- Be suitably qualified,
- Have knowledge of and experience in dealing with electrical installations and
- Read and follow these Operating Instructions carefully.
In addition to the Operating Instructions, all applicable local rules and regulations regard-
ing accident prevention and environmental protection must also be followed.
All safety and danger notices on the device:
- Must be kept in a legible state
- Must not be damaged
- Must not be removed
- Must not be covered, pasted or painted over
Only operate the device when all protection devices are fully functional. If the protection
devices are not fully functional, there is a risk of:
- Injury or death to the operator or a third party
- Damage to the device and other material assets belonging to the operator
Any safety devices that are not fully functional must be repaired by an authorized spe-
cialist before the device is switched on.
Never bypass or disable protection devices.
For the location of the safety and danger notices on the device, refer to the chapter
headed "Warning notices on the device" in the Operating Instructions for your device.
Faults that could compromise safety must be remedied before switching on the device.
6

Environmental
conditions
Operation or storage of the device outside the stipulated area will be deemed as not in
accordance with the intended purpose. The manufacturer accepts no liability for any
damage resulting from improper use.
Qualified person-
nel
The servicing information contained in these Operating Instructions is intended only for
the use of qualified service engineers. An electric shock can be fatal. Do not carry out
any actions other than those described in the documentation. This also applies to quali-
fied personnel.
All cables and leads must be secured, undamaged, insulated, and adequately dimen-
sioned. Loose connections, scorched, damaged or inadequately dimensioned cables and
leads must be immediately repaired by authorised personnel.
Repair work must only be carried out by authorised personnel.
It is impossible to guarantee that bought-in parts are designed and manufactured to meet
the demands made on them, or that they satisfy safety requirements. Use only original
spare parts (also applies to standard parts).
Do not carry out any alterations, installations, or modifications to the device without first
obtaining the manufacturer's permission.
Components that are not in perfect condition must be changed immediately.
Safety measures
at the installation
location
When installing devices with openings for cooling air, ensure that the cooling air can
enter and exit unhindered through the air ducts. Only operate the charger in accordance
with the degree of protection shown on the rating plate.
Noise emission
values
The sound power level of the inverter is specified in the Technical data.
The device is cooled as quietly as possible with the aid of an electronic temperature con-
trol system; this depends on the amount of converted power, the ambient temperature,
the level of soiling of the device, etc.
It is not possible to provide a workplace-related emission value for this device because
the actual sound pressure level is heavily influenced by the installation situation, the grid
quality, the surrounding walls and the properties of the room in general.
EMC measures In certain cases, even though a device complies with the standard limit values for emis-
sions, it may affect the application area for which it was designed (e.g. when there is
sensitive equipment at the same location, or if the site where the device is installed is
close to either radio or television receivers). If this is the case, then the operator is ob-
liged to take appropriate action to rectify the situation.
Data protection The user is responsible for the safekeeping of any changes made to the factory settings.
The manufacturer accepts no liability for any deleted personal settings.
Copyright Copyright of these operating instructions remains with the manufacturer.
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The text and illustrations are all technically correct at the time of printing. We reserve the
right to make changes. The contents of the operating instructions shall not provide the
basis for any claims whatsoever on the part of the purchaser. If you have any sugges-
tions for improvement, or can point out any mistakes that you have found in the instruc-
tions, we will be most grateful for your comments.
Protective earth-
ing (PE)
Connection of a point in the device, system or installation to earth to protect against elec-
tric shock in the event of a fault. When installing the Tauro inverter, the PE connection is
mandatory as it is a protection class 1 device. When connecting the PE conductor, en-
sure that it is secured against accidental disconnection. All points listed under "Connect-
ing the inverter to the public grid (AC side)" must be observed, including the use of wash-
ers, screw locks, and nuts with the defined torque.
It must be ensured that when using the strain-relief devices, the ground conductor is the
last to be disconnected in the event of a possible failure. When connecting the ground
conductor, the minimum cross-section requirements specified by the respective national
regulations must be observed. In addition, the minimum cross-section of the PE conduct-
or must be at least half of the phase cross-sections according to the product standard
IEC 62109-1, as a cross-section of at least 35 mm² (50 kW) or 70 mm² (99.99 / 100 kW)
must be used for the phases (L1 / L2 / L3).
8

General information
9

10

Description of the device
Description of the
device
The inverter transforms the direct current generated by the solar modules into alternating
current. This alternating current is fed into the public grid synchronously with the grid
voltage.
The inverter has been developed exclusively for use in grid-connected photovoltaic sys-
tems; it is impossible to generate energy independently of the public grid.
Thanks to its design and the way it works, the inverter is extremely safe both to install
and to operate.
The inverter automatically monitors the public grid. In the event of abnormal grid condi-
tions, the inverter ceases operating immediately and stops feeding power into the grid
(e.g. if the grid is switched off, if there is an interruption, etc.).
The grid is monitored by monitoring the voltage, frequency and islanding conditions.
AC Daisy Chain With the "AC Daisy Chain" inverter version, the AC lead can be fed directly from the in-
verter to another inverter. Several Tauro inverters, up to an output power of max. 200
kW, can be thereby be quickly connected to one another.
The minimum cable cross-section is defined by the fuse at the mains connection point. A
larger cable cross-section can be selected at any time. The applicable national standards
must be taken into account and applied.
String fuses Only applies to device types Fronius Tauro 50-3-D / Eco 50-3-D / Eco 99-3-D / Eco
100-3-D (direct):
String fuses are used in the Fronius Tauro to provide additional protection for the solar
modules.
The maximum short circuit current Isc, the maximum module return current IR or the max-
imum string fuse rating specified in the module data sheet of the respective solar module
is crucial in affording the solar modules the correct fuse protection.
The national regulations regarding fuse protection must be observed. The electrical en-
gineer carrying out the installation is responsible for the correct choice of string fuses.
To replace the string fuses, see chapter Replacing the string fuses on page 50.
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Fronius Sol-
ar.web
With Fronius Solar.web or Fronius Solar.web Premium, the PV system can be easily
monitored and analysed by the system owner and installer. If configured accordingly, the
inverter transmits data such as power, yields, load, and energy balance to Fronius Sol-
ar.web. For more information see Solar.web - monitoring & analysis.
Configuration is carried out via the setup wizard, see chapter Installation with the app
on page 58 or Installation using the web browser on page 59.
Prerequisites for configuration:
- Internet connection (download: min. 512 kBit/s, upload: min. 256 kBit/s)*.
- User account on solarweb.com.
- Completed configuration via the setup wizard.
* The information given does not constitute an absolute guarantee of faultless
function. High error rates in the transmission, reception fluctuations or transmis-
sion drop-outs can have a negative effect on the data transfer. Fronius recom-
mends testing the Internet connection on site according to the minimum require-
ments.
12

Protection of people and equipment
Safety WARNING!
Danger due to incorrect operation and incorrectly performed work.
This can result in serious injury and damage to property.
▶All the work and functions described in this document must only be carried out by
trained and qualified personnel.
▶Read and understand this document.
▶Read and understand all the Operating Instructions for the system components, es-
pecially the safety rules.
WARNING!
Danger from electromagnetic fields. Electromagnetic fields are generated during
operation.
Effects on the health of persons, e.g. those wearing a pacemaker can result.
▶Do not remain closer than 20 cm from the inverter for a prolonged period of time.
Warning notices
and rating plate
on the device
There are warning notices and safety symbols on and in the inverter. These warning no-
tices and safety symbols must not be removed or painted over. They warn against incor-
rect operation, as this may result in serious injury and damage.
A 4-digit number (coded production date)
is printed at the very bottom of the rating
plate, from which the production date can
be calculated.
If you subtract the value 11 from the first
two digits, you get the production year.
The last two digits represent the calendar
week in which the device was produced.
Example: Value on rating plate = 3205
32 - 11 = 21 → Production year 2021
05 = Calendar week 05
Symbols on the rating plate:
CE mark – confirms compliance with applicable EU directives and regulations.
UKCA mark – confirms compliance with applicable UK directives and
regulations.
WEEE mark – waste electrical and electronic equipment must be collected
separately and recycled in an environmentally sound manner in accordance
with the European Directive and national law.
RCM mark – tested in accordance with the requirements of Australia and New
Zealand.
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ICASA mark – tested in accordance with the requirements of the Independent
Communications Authority of South Africa.
CMIM mark – tested in accordance with IMANOR requirements for import
regulations and compliance with Moroccan standards.
Safety symbols:
Risk of serious injury and property damage due to incorrect operation.
Do not use the functions described here until you have fully read and under-
stood the following documents:
- These Operating Instructions.
- All Operating Instructions for the system components of the photovoltaic
system, especially the safety rules.
Dangerous electrical voltage.
Before opening the machine, wait for the capacitors to discharge!
Text of the warning notices:
WARNING!
An electric shock can be fatal. Before opening the device, ensure that the input and out-
put sides are de-energised and insulated.
WSD (wired shut-
down)
The wired shutdown (WSD) interrupts the inverter feeding energy into the grid if the trig-
ger device (switch) has been activated.
If an inverter (secondary device) fails, it is bypassed and the other inverters continue op-
erating. If a second inverter (secondary device) or the inverter (primary device) fails, the
operation of the entire WSD chain is interrupted.
For installation, see WSD (wired shutdown) on page 57.
Central grid and
system protec-
tion
The inverter offers the option to use the integrated AC relays as coupling switches in
conjunction with a central grid and system protection unit (in accordance with VDE-AR-N
4105:2018:11 §6.4.1). For this purpose, the central trigger device (switch) must be integ-
rated into the WSD chain as described in the chapter "WSD (Wired Shut Down)".
RCMU The inverter is equipped with a universal current-sensitive residual current monitoring
unit (RCMU = Residual Current Monitoring Unit) in accordance with IEC 62109-2.
This device monitors residual currents from the PV module to the AC output of the invert-
er and disconnects the inverter from the grid in the event of unauthorised residual cur-
rent.
Surge protective
device
The inverter is equipped with an integrated surge protective device on the DC and AC
side in accordance with IEC 62109-2. The surge protective device protects the system
against damage in the event of an overvoltage.
14

Surge protective
device (SPD) The surge protective device (SPD) protects against temporary overvoltages and
dissipates surge currents (e.g. lightning strike). Building on an overall lightning
protection concept, the SPD helps to protect your PV system components.
If the surge protective device is triggered, the colour of the indicator changes
from green to red (mechanical display).
There is the option of a digital indication when an SPD has tripped. For setting
this function, see PDF "Temporary SPD Triggering" in the Service & Support
area at www.fronius.com
IMPORTANT!
After setting the function described above, the inverter will also respond if the 2-pole sig-
nal cable of the surge protective device is interrupted or damaged.
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Proper use
Intended use The solar inverter is intended exclusively to convert direct current from solar modules in-
to alternating current and to feed this into the public grid.
Utilisation not in accordance with the intended purpose comprises:
- Utilisation for any other purpose, or in any other manner
- Making any modifications to the inverter that have not been expressly approved by
Fronius
- Installation of parts that are not distributed or expressly approved by Fronius
The manufacturer shall not be liable for any damage resulting from such use. All war-
ranty claims will be forfeited.
Intended use also includes complying with all the instructions in the Operating Instruc-
tions.
Regulations gov-
erning the photo-
voltaic system
The inverter is designed to be connected and used exclusively in conjunction with solar
modules.
Use of the inverter with other DC generators (e.g. wind generators) is not permitted.
When designing the photovoltaic system, ensure that all of its components are operated
within their permitted operating ranges at all times.
Observe all the measures recommended by the solar module manufacturer to ensure
that the solar module retains its properties in the long term.
16

Functional principle
Functional prin-
ciple
The inverter operates fully automatically. As soon after sunrise as there is sufficient en-
ergy available from the solar modules, the inverter starts checking the PV system (insu-
lation measurement), and the grid (grid voltage and grid frequency). If all values are with-
in the normative scope, automatic connection to the grid and feeding of energy into the
grid takes place.
The inverter works in a way that ensures the maximum power possible is obtained from
the solar modules. This is known as "Maximum Power Point Tracking" (MPPT). In the
event of shading of the solar modules, the function "Dynamic Peak Manager" can be
used to obtain the majority of the local maximum output (LMPP) of the PV system.
After dusk, as soon as the power available has fallen below the level at which energy
can be fed into the grid, the inverter disconnects the power electronics completely from
the grid and stops running. It retains all its settings and stored data.
Cooling of the in-
verter through
forced-air ventila-
tion
Cooling of the inverter is performed by a forced-air ventilation system via temperature-
controlled fans. Air is sucked in from the front and fed, via a sealed duct, through the AC
and DC heat sink, before passing directly over the inductors and dissipating.
The sealed air duct prevents the electronics compartment from coming into contact with
the ambient air. This approach largely prevents any contamination of the electronics
compartment.
The fan speed and temperature of the inverter are monitored.
The variable-speed, ball-bearing mounted fans in the inverter permit the following:
- Optimum cooling of the inverter
- Cooler components, therefore a longer service life
- Lowest-possible energy consumption
- High output power including in top temperature range of the inverter
Power derating If the inverter becomes too hot, it automatically reduces the current output power in order
to protect itself. Reasons for the inverter becoming too hot include too high an ambient
temperature or inadequate heat dissipation (e.g. when installed in containers without
proper heat dissipation measures).
A power derating system restricts the output from the inverter in order to prevent the
temperature from exceeding the permissible value.
If a maximum temperature is exceeded, the inverter switches off in a safe state and does
not resume feeding energy into the grid until the device has cooled down.
17
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Control elements and connections
Controls and dis-
plays (1) DC disconnector
Disconnects the electrical connec-
tion from the solar modules to the
inverter. Depending on the device
type, 2 or 3 DC disconnectors are
installed.
The DC disconnectors can be se-
cured against switching on with a
padlock.
(2) AC disconnector option
The optional AC disconnector
breaks the connection from the in-
verter to the grid
(3) Button function
For further information about the
button function, see Button func-
tions and LED status indicator
(4) LED status indicator
For further information about the
LED status indicator, see Button
functions and LED status indic-
ator
PV connections -
Tauro 50-3-D (dir-
ect)
18

PV connections -
Tauro Eco 50-3-D
(direct)
PV connections -
Tauro Eco 99-3-
D / 100-3-D (dir-
ect)
PV connections -
pre-combined Tauro Eco 50-3-P / 99-3-P / 100-3-P Tauro 50-3-P
19
EN

Optional DC dis-
connector lock
With the optionally available DC discon-
nector lock, the inverter can be secured
against unintentional switching off.
Mounting option
for third-party
components
Above the DC connection area there is
space for mounting third-party compon-
ents. Components up to a maximum width
of 14.5 cm (8 DU) can be mounted on the
DIN rail. The components must have a
temperature resistance of ‑40 °C to
+85 °C.
Data communica-
tion area in the
inverter
The data communication area (Pilot PC board) is located above the DC connections in
the inverter.
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