Fujitsu MAA3182SC Installation and operation manual

C141-E039-01EN
MAA3182SC, MAB3091SC
INTELLIGENT DISK DRIVES
OEM MANUAL
– SCSI LOGICAL INTERFACE SPECIFICATIONS –

C141-E039-01EN i
FOR SAFE OPERATION
Handling of This manual
This manual contains important information for using this product. Read thoroughly before
using the product. Use this product only after thoroughly reading and understanding
especially the section “Important Alert Items” in this manual. Keep this manual handy, and
keep it carefully.
FUJITSU makes every effort to prevent users and bystanders from being injured or from
suffering damange to their property. Use the product according to this manual.
Functional Limitations
There may be certain functional limitations concerning the specifications and functions of the
products covered by this manual depending on the equipment version, especially concerning
the following functions.
Versions in which there functions can be used will be communicated through
“ENGINEERING CHANGE REQUEST/NOTICE”, issued by Fujitsu.
Function Equipment Version Which Supports These Functions
Equipment
Version No. EPROM Version No. Standard INQUIRY Data Product Revision (ASCII)
READ RAM Command These commands cannot be used in the current version.
WRITE RAM
Command
(Proceed to the Copyright Page)

C141-E039-01ENii
Related Standards
Specifications and functions of products covered by this manual comply with the following
standards.
Standard (Text) No. Name Enacting
Organization
ANSI X3. 131-1986 American National Standard for
Information Systems --- Small Computer
System Interface (SCSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
ANSI X3. 131-1994 American National Standard for
Information Systems --- Small Computer
System Interface-2 (SCSI-2)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
X3T9.2/85-52 Rev
4.B COMMON COMMAND SET (CCS) of the Small Computer System Interface
(SCSI)
American National
Standards Institute
(ANSI)
X3T9.2 855D Rev 12 WORKING DRAFT Information
Technology SCSI-3 Parallel Interface American National Standards Institute
(ANSI)
All Rights Reserved, Copyright 1997 Fujitsu, Limited

C141-E039-01EN iii
REVISION RECORD
Edition Date
published Revised contents
01 May.,1997
Specification No.: C141-E039-**EN
The contents of this manual is subject to
change without prior notice.
All Rights Reserved.
Copyright 1997
FUJITSU LIMITED

C141-E039-01EN v
PREFACE
This manual explains concerning the MAA3182SC and MAB3091SC series 3.5 inch hard disk
drives with internal SCSI controller.
The purpose of this manual is to provide specifications of each command and detailed
explanations of their functions for use of these magnetic disk drives incorporated into user
systems, and to present the information necessary for creating host system software. This
manual is written for users who have a basic knowledge of hard disk drives and their use in
computer systems.
The composition of manuals related to these disk drives and the range of subjects covered in
this manual are shown in “Manual Organization,” provided on a subsequent page. Please use
these other manuals along with this manual as necessary.
Composition and Contents of This Manual
This manual is composed of the 5 chapters shown below, a glossary and a list of
abbreviations.
Chapter 1 Command Processing
This chapter describes the basic logical specifications related to SCSI command processing in
the MAA3182SC and MAB3091SC series disk drives.
Chapter 2 Data Buffer Management
This chapter describes the data buffer configuration provided in the MAA3182SC and
MAB3091SC series disk drives and concerning data transfer processing functions and cache
operation.
Chapter 3 Command Specifications
This chapter describes detailed specifications of SCSI commands provided by the
MAA3182SC and MAB3091SC series disk drives and how to use them..
Chapter 4 Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods
This chapter describes the configuration and contents of sense data which report to the host
system when an error occurs, etc., key information necessary for error recovery, recommended
procedures for error recovery to be executed through host system software and retry
processing executed internally in the MAA3182SC and MAB3091SC series disk drives for
recovery.
Chapter 5 Disk Media Management
This chapter describes the procedure for initializing the disk media, methods of treating media
defects and data recovery methods for the MAA3182SC and MAB3091SC series disk drives.

vi C141-E039-01EN
Glossary
The glossary explains technical terms which are necessary to the reader’s understanding when
reading this manual.
List of Abbreviations
This list shows the full spelling of abbreviations used in this manual.
The model name of disk drives covered by this manual differs in its ending suffix (Note 1)
depending on its device type (3 types), the electrical conditions of the SCSI interface used to
connect the disk drive to the host system and its capacity and data format at the time it was
shipped, but in this manual, except in cases where models need to be especially distinguished,
a representative model name (Note 2) is used. In addition, these disk drives are called
Intelligent Disk Drive (IDD), “drive” or “device” in this manual.
Note 1: Model Name
M29 0XSA
Format When X: 256-byte format (except for M294x and M295x)
Shipped A: 512-byte format (except for M294x and M295x)
B: 1024-byte format (except for M294x and M295x)
SCSI Electrical S: Single-ended, 8-bit SCSI (all series)
Conditions H: Differential, 8-bit SCSI (except for M294x and M295x)
Q: Single-ended, 16-bit SCSI (all series)
R: Differential, 16-bit SCSI (except for M294x and M295x)
C: SCA-1, 16-bit SCSI (M293)
E: SCA-2, 16-bit SCSI (M294x, M295x)
Capacity and 9: 19 heads (M2909) 9: 9 GB (M2949)
Number of 3: 13 heads (M2903) 2: 2 GB (M2932, M2952)
Heads 5: 15 heads (M2915) 4: 5 GB (M2934, M2954)
Device Type 0: Full height, large capacity (M2903, M2909)
1: Full height, high performance (M2915)
3: Full height, large capacity, high performance (M293x)
4: Full height, large capacity, high performance (M2949)
5: 1-inch height, high performance (M2952, M2954)

C141-E039-01EN vii
Note 2: Representative Model Names
Representative
Model Name Model Name
M2909 M2909SX/SA/SB, M2909HX/HA/HB, M2909QX/QA/QB,
M2909RX/RA/RB
M2903 M2903SX/SA/SB, M2903HX/HA/HB, M2903QX/QA/QB,
M2903RX/RA/RB
M2915 M2915SX/SA/SB, M2915HX/HA/HB, M2915QX/QA/QB,
M2915RX/RA/RB
M2934 M2934SX/SA/SB, M2934HX/HA/HB, M2934QX/QA/QB,
M2934RX/RA/RB, M2934CX/CA/CB
M2932 M2932SX/SA/SB, M2932HX/HA/HB, M2932QX/QA/QB,
M2932RX/RA/RB, M2932CX/CA/CB
M2949 M2949S, M2949Q, M2949E
M2952 M2952S, M2952Q, M2952E
M2954 M2954S, M2954Q, M2954E
Warning Indications
The following warning indications are shown in this manual to prevent the user and other
nearby persons or property from being injured or damaged.
Note “Note” indicates the most effective method of use or information that is of value to the
user.
Requesting for User’s Comments
Please use the User’s Comment Form attached to the end of this manual to identify user
comments including error, inaccurate and misleading information of this manual. Contact to
your Fujitsu representative for additional comment forms if required.

C141-E039-01EN ix
Manual Organization
Product Manual 1. Outline
2. Specifications
3. Data Format
4. Installation Conditions
5. Installation Procedure
6. Diagnosis and Maintenance
SCSI Physical
Interface Specifications
1. SCSI Bus
2. SCSI Messages
3. SCSI Bus Error Recovery Processing
SCSI Logical Interface
Specifications
(This Manual)
1. Command Processing
2. Data Buffer Management
3. Command Specifications
4. Sense Data and Error Recovery Methods
5. Disk Media Management
Maintenance Manual 1. Specifications and Equipment Configuration
2. Maintenance and Diagnosis
3. Troubleshooting
4. Removal and Replacement Procedures
5. Operating Theory

C141-E039-01EN xi
CONTENTS
page
CHAPTER 1 COMMAND PROCESSING.......................................................... 1-1
1.1 Command Format...........................................................................................................1-1
1.2 Status Byte ....................................................................................................................... 1-7
1.3 Outline of Command Processing.................................................................................... 1-10
1.3.1 Single Commands............................................................................................................1-10
1.3.2 Command Link................................................................................................................1-11
1.3.3 Disconnect/Reconnect Procedure.....................................................................................1-13
1.3.4 Synchronous Mode Data Transfer/Wide Mode Data Transfer..........................................1-17
1.4 Command Queuing Function .........................................................................................1-19
1.4.1 Untagged Queuing...........................................................................................................1-19
1.4.2 Tagged Queuing..............................................................................................................1-21
1.5 UNIT ATTENTION Condition......................................................................................1-23
1.5.1 Generating the UNIT UNIT ATTENTION Condition.....................................................1-23
1.5.2 Response to the ATTENTION Condition Hold State
and Cancellation Conditions............................................................................................1-25
1.5.3 UNIT ATTENTION Condition Multiple Hold................................................................1-26
1.6 Sense Data Hold State .....................................................................................................1-27
1.6.1 Sense Data Hold Conditions............................................................................................1-27
1.6.2 Response to the Sense Data Hold State and Cancellation Conditions...............................1-28
1.7 Command Processing Exceptions................................................................................... 1-29
1.7.1 Overlapping Commands..................................................................................................1-29
1.7.2 Illegal LUN Specification................................................................................................1-30
1.7.3 Reserved Operation Codes...............................................................................................1-30
1.7.4 Command Processing in the Not Ready State..................................................................1-30
1.7.5 Error Recovery Processing...............................................................................................1-32
1.7.6 Reset Processing..............................................................................................................1-34
1.7.7 Fatal Hardware Errors.....................................................................................................1-36
1.8 Data Block Addressing....................................................................................................1-37
1.8.1 Definition of Data Space..................................................................................................1-37
1.8.2 Logical Block Addressing................................................................................................1-39
CHAPTER 2 DATA BUFFER MANAGEMENT ............................................... 2-1
2.1 Data Buffer ......................................................................................................................2-1
2.1.1 Data Buffer Configuration and Basic Operation...............................................................2-1
2.1.2 Setting the Operating Mode.............................................................................................2-5

C141-E039-01ENxii
2.2 Look-ahead Cache Mechanism ......................................................................................2-7
2.2.1 Caching Operation...........................................................................................................2-7
2.2.2 Caching Parameters.........................................................................................................2-9
2.2.3 Look-ahead Operation, Look-ahead Volume....................................................................2-10
2.3 Write Cache .....................................................................................................................2-11
CHAPTER 3 COMMAND SPECIFICATIONS.................................................. 3-1
3.1 Control/Sense Commands...............................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 TEST UNIT READY (00)...............................................................................................3-1
3.1.2 INQUIRY (12) ...............................................................................................................3-2
3.1.3 READ CAPACITY (25) .................................................................................................3-11
3.1.4 CHANGE DEFINITION (40) .......................................................................................3-13
3.1.5 MODE SELECT (15) .....................................................................................................3-17
3.1.6 MODE SELECT EXTENDED (55) ...............................................................................3-57
3.1.7 MODE SENSE (1A) ......................................................................................................3-59
3.1.8 MODE SENSE EXTENDED (5A).................................................................................3-65
3.1.9 REZERO UNIT (01) ......................................................................................................3-67
3.1.10 START/STOP UNIT (1B) ..............................................................................................3-68
3.1.11 RESERVE (16) ..............................................................................................................3-70
3.1.12 RESERVE EXTENDED (56) (Not Supported)...............................................................3-74
3.1.13 RELEASE (17) ...............................................................................................................3-75
3.1.14 RELEASE EXTENDED (57) (Not Supported)................................................................3-77
3.1.15 REQUEST SENSE .........................................................................................................3-78
3.2 Data Access Commands..................................................................................................3-80
3.2.1 READ (08) .....................................................................................................................3-80
3.2.2 READ EXTENDED (28) ...............................................................................................3-81
3.2.3 WRITE (0A) ..................................................................................................................3-82
3.2.4 WRITE EXTENDED (2A) .............................................................................................3-84
3.2.5 WRITE AND VERIFY (2E) ..........................................................................................3-85
3.2.6 VERIFY (2F) .................................................................................................................3-86
3.2.7 SEEK (0B) .....................................................................................................................3-87
3.2.8 SEEK EXTENDED (2B) ...............................................................................................3-88
3.2.9 SET LIMITS (33) ...........................................................................................................3-89
3.2.10 SYNCHRONIZE CACHE (35) ......................................................................................3-92
3.3 Format Commands..........................................................................................................3-93
3.3.1 FORMAT UNIT (04) .....................................................................................................3-93
3.3.2 REASSIGN BLOCKS (07).............................................................................................3-104
3.3.3 READ DEFECT DATA (37)...........................................................................................3-108

C141-E039-01EN xiii
3.4 Maintenance, Diagnostic Commands.............................................................................3-113
3.4.1 SEND DIAGNOSTIC (1D).............................................................................................3-113
3.4.2 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS (1C).....................................................................3-119
3.4.3 WRITE BUFFER (3B)....................................................................................................3-123
3.4.4 READ BUFFER (3C)......................................................................................................3-127
3.4.5 READ LONG (3E) .........................................................................................................3-131
3.4.6 WRITE LONG (3F) .......................................................................................................3-133
CHAPTER 4 SENSE DATA AND ERROR RECOVERY METHODS ........... 4-1
4.1 Sense Data........................................................................................................................ 4-1
4.1.1 Sense Data Format...........................................................................................................4-1
4.1.2 Sense Data Basic Information..........................................................................................4-3
4.1.3 Sense Data Additional Information..................................................................................4-13
4.2 INIT Error Recovery Methods (Recommended) ..........................................................4-13
4.2.1 End Status Analysis and Error Recovery Method.............................................................4-14
4.2.2 Sense Data Analysis and Error Recovery Method............................................................4-16
4.2.3 Error Logging..................................................................................................................4-25
4.3 Disk Drive Error Recovery Processing..........................................................................4-26
4.3.1 Error States and Retry Processing Procedure...................................................................4-26
4.3.2 Automatic Alternate Block Allocation Processing...........................................................4-28
4.3.3 Error Recovery Processing Control..................................................................................4-30
CHAPTER 5 DISK MEDIA MANAGEMENT ................................................... 5-1
5.1 Defect Management.........................................................................................................5-1
5.2 Disk Media Initialization.................................................................................................5-4
5.2.1 Initialization during Installation.......................................................................................5-4
5.2.2 Re-initialization...............................................................................................................5-6
5.3 Data Block Verification Method (Recommended) ........................................................5-7
5.4 Alternate Block Allocation Processing........................................................................... 5-9
GLOSSARY
ABBREVIATIONS
INDEX

C141-E039-01ENxiv
List of Figures and Tables
< Figures >
Fig. 1.1 Basic Format of 6-byte CDB......................................................................................................1-2
Fig. 1.2 Basic Format of 10-byte CDB....................................................................................................1-2
Fig. 1.3 Status Byte.................................................................................................................................1-7
Fig. 1.4 Data Space Configuration...........................................................................................................1-38
Fig. 2.1 Data Buffer Configuration (In the case of 4 cache segments)......................................................2-2
Fig. 2.2 Example of Data Buffer Operation During Read........................................................................2-3
Fig. 2.3 Example of Data Buffer Operation During Write.......................................................................2-4
Fig. 2.4 Reconnection Timing Control Parameters..................................................................................2-5
Fig. 2.5 Cache Control Parameters..........................................................................................................2-9
Fig. 3.1 Standard INQUIRY Data...........................................................................................................3-1
Fig. 3.2 VPD Information: Identifier List................................................................................................3-8
Fig. 3.3 VPD Information: Device Serial Number...................................................................................3-9
Fig. 3.4 VPD Information: Operation Modes...........................................................................................3-10
Fig. 3.5 READ CAPACITY Data...........................................................................................................3-12
Fig. 3.6 MODE SELECT Parameter Structure........................................................................................3-19
Fig. 3.7 MODE SELECT Command (Group 0) Parameter Configuration...............................................3-21
Fig. 3.8 MODE SELECT Parameters: Read/Write Error Recovery Parameters.......................................3-26
Fig. 3.9 MODE SELECT Parameters: Disconnect/Reconnect Parameters...............................................3-34
Fig. 3.10 MODE SELECT Parameters: Format Parameters......................................................................3-37
Fig. 3.11 MODE SELECT Parameters: Drive Parameters.........................................................................3-41
Fig. 3.12 MODE SELECT Parameters: Verify Error Recovery Parameters..............................................3-12
Fig. 3.13 MODE SELECT Parameters: Caching Parameters.....................................................................3-13
Fig. 3.14 MODE SELECT Parameters: Control Mode Parameters............................................................3-14
Fig. 3.15 MODE SELECT Parameters: Additional Error Recovery Parameters........................................3-56
Fig. 3.16 MODE SELECT EXTENDED Commands (Group 2) Parameter Configuration........................3-58
Fig. 3.17 MODE SENSE Command (Group 0) Parameter Configuration..................................................3-62
Fig. 3.18 MODE SENSE Command (Group 2) Parameter Configuration..................................................3-66
Fig. 3.19 SET LIMITS Command: Access Enable Range Specification....................................................3-90
Fig. 3.20 FORMAT UNIT Command Parameter List Configuration.........................................................3-96
Fig. 3.21 Defect Descriptor: Byte Distance Format from Index.................................................................3-99
Fig. 3.22 Defect Descriptor: Physical Sector Address Format...................................................................3-100
Fig. 3.23 REASSIGN BLOCKS Command: Defect Data List Configuration............................................3-105
Fig. 3.24 READ DEFECT DATA Command: Defect Data List Configuration.........................................3-109
Fig. 3.25 SEND DIAGNOSTIC Command: Parameter List Configuration...............................................3-116

C141-E039-01EN xv
Fig. 3.26 SEND DIAGNOSTIC Parameters: Page Code List....................................................................3-117
Fig. 3.27 SEND DIAGNOSTIC Parameters: Logical/Physical Address Conversion.................................3-117
Fig. 3.28 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS Command: Response Data Configuration.......................3-120
Fig. 3.29 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTICRESULTS Response Data: Page Code List......................................3-121
Fig. 3.30 RECEIVE DIAGNOSTIC RESULTS Response Data:
Logical/Physical Address Conversion.........................................................................................3-121
Fig. 3.31 WRITE BUFFER Command: Buffer Data (Mode = 000, 001)...................................................3-124
Fig. 3.32 READ BUFFER Command: Buffer Data (Mode = 000, 001).....................................................3-128
Fig. 3.33 READ BUFFER Command: Buffer Descriptor..........................................................................3-130
Fig. 4.1 Expansion Sense Data Format....................................................................................................4-2
Fig. 4.2 Sense Key Inherent Information.................................................................................................4-4
Fig. 4.3 End Status Analysis....................................................................................................................4-14
Tables
Table 1.1 Response to the Link Specification Command............................................................................1-12
Table 1.2 Types of Command and Disconnect Processing..........................................................................1-14
Table 1.3 Sense Data in the Not Ready State.............................................................................................1-31
Table 1.4 Outline of SCSI Bus Error Recovery Processing........................................................................1-33
Table 1.5 Outline of Disk drive Error Recovery Processing.......................................................................1-33
Table 1.6 Reset Processing during Write....................................................................................................1-35
Table 3.1 Combinations of Error Recovery Flags.......................................................................................3-30
Table 3.2 MODE SENSE Data Specifications by Type.............................................................................3-61
Table 3.3 FORMAT UNIT Command Defect Processing..........................................................................3-102
Table 3.4 Error Recovery Flags During the Self-diagnosis Test ................................................................3-114
Table 4.1 Sense Key ..................................................................................................................................4-5
Table 4.2 Sense Code/Subsense Code........................................................................................................4-6
Table 4.3 Sense Data Error Classification..................................................................................................4-17
Table 4.4 Error Recovery Processing Procedure.........................................................................................4-21
Table 4.5 Disk Drive Errors and Number of Retries...................................................................................4-31

C141-E039-01EN 1 - 1
CHAPTER 1 COMMAND PROCESSING
1.1 Command Format
1.2 Status Byte
1.3 Outline of Command Processing
1.4 Command Queuing Function
1.5 UNIT ATTENTION Conditions
1.6 Sense Data Maintenance State
1.7 Command Processing Exceptions
1.8 Data Block Addressing
This chapter describes the basic logical specifications of the IDD command processing functions.
Note The IDD operates as the target (TARG) on the SCSI bus. In the explanations in this
chapter, the IDD is mentioned as “TARG”, except in cases where a particularly clear
distinction is necessary.
1.1 Command Format
Input/output operation commands from INIT (initiator) to the IDD are accomplished by the
CDB (Command Descriptor Block). The CDB is information transferred from INIT to TARG
in the COMMAND phase. In a number of commands, the parameters which are necessary for
command execution in the DATA OUT phase may be specified in addition to the CDB
specification. Details concerning these are described in the specifications for each individual
command in Chapter 3.
The CDB used by the IDD has 2 formats, one with a length of 6 bytes and the other with a
length of 10 bytes. The basic format of each respective CDB is shown in Fig. 1.1 and Fig. 1.2.

C141-E039-01EN1 - 2
Bit
Byte 76543210
0Operation Code
1LUN Logical Block Address (MSB)
2Logical Block Address
3Logical Block Address (LSB)
4Transfer Data Length
5Control Byte
Fig. 1.1 6 Byte CDB Basic Format
Bit
Byte 76543210
0Operation Code
1LUN 00000
2Logical Block Address (MSB)
3Logical Block Address
4Logical Block Address
5Logical Block Address (LSB)
600000000
7Transfer Data Length (MSB)
8Transfer Data Length (LSB)
9Control Byte
Fig. 1.2 10 Byte CDB Basic Format
The meanings of each of the fields in the CDB are explained below. Depending on the type of
command, the basic format of the CDB, the definitions of fields and their meanings may
differ. Details are described in the specifications for each individual command in Chapter 3.

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(1) Operation code
Bit 7 6543210
Group Code Command Code
The top byte of all CDBs shows the format and type of command to be executed.
a. Group Code
The group code specifies the number of bytes and format of the CDB. The groups of
commands shown below are used in the IDD.
• Group 0 (“000”): 6-byte CDB (Shown in Fig. 1.1)
• Group 1 (“001”): 10-byte CDB (Shown in Fig. 1.2)
• Group 2 (“010”): 10-byte CDB (Shown in Fig. 1.2)
• Group 3 (“110”): 10-byte CDB (Shown in Fig. 1.2)
• Group 4 (“111”): Reserved Operation Code (Shown in item 1.7.3.)
b. Command Code
Command code specifies the type of command in each group.
(2) LUN (Logical Unit Number)
This field specifies the address of the logical unit (device) connected under the TARG in cases
where the IDENTIFY message is not used. If the IDENTIFY message is used, the value of the
CDB’s LUN field is disregarded when the LUN is specified.
Note:
It is possible that the definition of this field may be changed in future SCSI standards. It is
recommended that the LUN be specified using the IDENTIFY message, and that a zero be
specified in this CDB field.
(3) Logical Block Address
This field shows the top logical data block address of the data block on the disk media to be
processed by the command. In the group 0 CDB, 21 bit block addressing is possible and in
the group 1, group 2 and group 6 CDBs, 32 bit block addressing is possible. Specifications
for logical data block addressing in the IDD are described in section 1.8.