GE KVGC 202 User manual

GE Energy Connections
Grid Solutions
KVGC
202
Technical Manual
Voltage Regulating Control Relays
Publication reference: KVGC202/EN M/H11

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC2
02
CONTENTS
1. INTRODUCTION 9
1.1 Introduction 9
1.2 Using the manual 9
1.3 Models available 10
2. HANDLING AND INSTALLATION 11
2.1 General considerations 11
2.1.1 Receipt of product 11
2.1.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 11
2.2 Handling of electronic equipment 11
2.3 Mounting 12
2.4 Unpacking 12
2.5 Storage 12
3. RELAY DESCRIPTION 13
3.1 Relay description 13
3.2 User interface 13
3.2.1 Frontplate layout 14
3.2.2 LED indications 14
3.2.3 Keypad 15
3.2.4 Liquid crystal display 15
3.3 Menu system 15
3.3.1 Default display 15
3.3.2 Accessing the menu 16
3.3.3 Menu contents 16
3.3.4 Menu columns 17
3.3.5 System data 17
3.3.6 Status 20
3.3.7 Measure 20
3.3.8 Control 1 21
3.3.9 Logic 1 21
3.3.10 Control 2 22
3.3.11 Logic 2 23
3.3.12 Input masks 24
3.3.13 Relay masks 24
3.4 Changing text and settings 25
3.4.1 Quick guide to menu controls 25
3.4.2 To enter setting mode 26
3.4.3 To escape from the setting mode 26
3.4.4 To accept the new setting 26
3.4.5 Password protection 27
3.4.6 Entering passwords 27
3.4.7 Changing passwords 27
3.4.8 Restoration of password protection 28
3.4.9 Entering text 28
3.4.10 Changing function links 28
3.4.11 Changing setting values 28
3.4.12 Setting communication address 28
3.4.13 Setting input masks 29

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical Manua
l
KVGC20
2
3.4.14 Setting output masks 29
3.4.15 Resetting values 29
3.4.16 Resetting CONTROL LED indication 29
3.5 External connections 29
3.5.1 Auxiliary supply 30
3.5.2 Logic control inputs 31
3.5.3 Analogue inputs 32
3.5.4 Output relays 32
3.5.5 Setting the relay with a PC or Laptop 32
3.6 Alarm flags 33
4. APPLICATION OF CONTROL FUNCTIONS 34
4.1 Configuring the relay 34
4.2 Changing the configuration of the relay 34
4.2.1 SYSTEM DATA (SD) 34
4.2.2 Logic links (LOG) 35
4.2.3 Control links (CTL) 36
4.2.4 Default output relays 36
4.3 Setting group selection 36
4.4 ApplicatIons 37
4.4.1 Introduction 37
4.4.2 Basic requirements 37
4.4.3 Operating time delay 37
4.4.3.1 Initial delay (tINIT) 38
4.4.3.2 Definite/Inverse time characteristics 38
4.4.3.3 Intertap Delay 39
4.4.3.4 Tap Pulse Duration (tPULSE) 39
4.4.4 Operating Sequences 39
4.4.4.1 Method 1 39
4.4.4.2 Method 2 39
4.5 Line drop compensation 40
4.6 Auto, manual and remote operation modes 41
4.6.1 Remote change of operating mode 42
4.6.2 Manual change of operating mode via logic input 42
4.7 Paralleled transformers 42
4.7.1 Master-Follower schemes 43
4.7.2 Instability of individually controlled parallel transformers 44
4.7.2.1 Runaway 44
4.7.2.2 Effect of circulating current on LDC 45
4.7.3 Negative reactance compounding 47
4.7.4 Circulating current control 50
4.7.4.1 Independent/parallel control 51
4.7.4.2 Circulating current control with LDC 52
4.8 Supervision functions of a VRR 58
4.8.1 Runaway protection 58
4.8.2 Undervoltage detection (V<) 58
4.8.3 Undervoltage blocking (V<<) 59
4.8.4 Overvoltage detection (V>) 59
4.8.5 Overcurrent detection (IL>) 59
4.8.6 Undercurrent detection (IL<) 59
4.8.7 Circulating current detection (IC>) 59
4.8.8 Reverse current detection (I rev) 59
4.9 Tap position indication 59

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC2
02
4.9.1 Tap changer maintenance 63
4.9.1.1 Tap change operations counter 63
4.9.1.2 Frequent operations monitor 63
4.9.1.3 Tap changer failure detection 64
4.10 Load shedding/boosting 64
5. RELAY SETTINGS 65
5.1 Relay settings 65
5.1.1 Setting voltage (Vs) 66
5.1.2 Deadband (dVs) 66
5.1.3 Initial time delay setting (tINIT) 66
5.1.4 Inter-tap delay (tINTER) 66
5.1.5 Tap pulse duration (tPULSE) 67
5.1.6 Line drop compensation (Vr and Vxl) 67
5.1.7 Circulating current compensation (Vc) 67
5.1.8 Load shedding/boosting 68
5.1.9 Undervoltage detector (V<) 68
5.1.10 Overvoltage detector (V>) 68
5.1.11 Under/over voltage detector alarm delay timer (tV<V>) 68
5.1.12 Undervoltage blocking (V<<) 68
5.1.13 Circulating current detector (Ic>) 68
5.1.14 Overcurrent detector (IL>) 68
5.1.15 Undercurrent detector (IL<) 68
5.1.16 Total number of tap change (TotalOps) 68
5.1.17 Total taps available (TpAvail) 69
5.1.18 Tap fail time delay (tFAIL) 69
5.1.19 Frequent operations (Ops/TP>)(tp) 69
5.1.20 Power factor 69
5.1.21 Tap change indication time (tTap change) 69
5.2 Setting group selection 69
5.2.1 Remote change of setting group 69
5.2.2 Manual change of setting group 69
5.2.3 Controlled change of setting group 70
5.3 Initial factory settings 70
5.3.1 System data settings 70
5.3.2 Link settings 70
5.3.3 Initial control settings 70
5.3.4 Initial logic settings 71
5.3.5 Preferred use of logic inputs 71
5.3.6 Preferred use of output relays 71
6. MEASUREMENT, RECORDS AND ALARMS 73
6.1 Measurement 73
6.1.1 Currents 73
6.1.2 Voltages 73
6.1.3 Frequency 73
6.1.4 Power factor 73
6.1.5 Tap position 74
6.1.6 Tap changer operations counter 74
6.1.7 Frequent operations monitor 74
6.1.8 Time remaining to next tap 74
6.2 Event records 74
6.2.1 Triggering event records 75

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical Manua
l
KVGC20
2
6.2.2 Time tagging of event records 75
6.2.3 Accessing and resetting event records 75
6.2.4 Recorded times 75
6.3 Alarm records 75
6.3.1 Watchdog 75
6.3.2 Alarm indication 76
6.3.3 Blocked indication 76
6.4 Functional alarms 76
6.4.1 Raise/lower volts indication 76
6.4.2 Blocked indication 76
6.4.3 Undervoltage blocking (V<<) 76
6.4.4 Undervoltage detection (V<) 76
6.4.5 Overvoltage detection (V>) 77
6.4.6 Circulating current detection (Ic>) 77
6.4.7 Overcurrent detection (IL>) 77
6.4.8 Undercurrent detection (IL<) 77
6.4.9 Reverse current blocking (Irev) 77
6.4.10 Run-Away 77
6.4.11 Tap position indication 78
6.4.12 Tap change operations counter 78
6.4.13 Frequent operations monitor 78
6.4.14 Tap changer failure mechanism 78
7. CONTROL FUNCTIONS AND SERIAL COMMUNICATIONS 79
7.1 Courier language protocol 79
7.2 K-Bus 79
7.2.1 K-Bus transmission layer 79
7.2.2 K-Bus connections 80
7.2.3 Ancillary equipment 81
7.3 Software support 81
7.3.1 Courier Access 81
7.3.2 PAS&T 81
7.3.3 CourierCom 81
7.3.4 PC requirements 82
7.3.5 Modem requirements 82
7.4 Data for system integration 83
7.4.1 Relay address 83
7.4.2Measured values 83
7.4.3 Status word 83
7.4.4 Plant status word 83
7.4.5 Control status word 84
7.4.6 Logic input status word 84
7.4.7 Output relay status word 84
7.4.8 Alarm indications 84
7.4.9 Event records 84
7.4.10 Notes on recorded times 84
7.5 Setting control 85
7.5.1 Remote setting change 85
7.5.2 Remote control of setting group 85
7.6 Loadshedding/boosting control 85
7.6.1 Remote control of loadshedding/boosting 85
7.6.2 Local control of loadshedding/boosting 86

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC2
02
8. TECHNICAL DATA 87
8.1 Ratings 87
8.1.1 Inputs 87
8.2 Outputs 87
8.3 Burdens 87
8.3.1 Current circuits 87
8.3.2 Reference voltage 87
8.3.3 Auxiliary voltage 88
8.3.4 Opto-isolated inputs 88
8.4 Control function setting ranges 88
8.5 Time delay setting ranges 88
8.5.1 Inverse time delay 88
8.5.2 Definite time delay 89
8.6 Supervision function settings 89
8.7 Transformer ratios 89
8.8 Measurement (displayed) 89
8.9 Accuracy 89
8.9.1 Current 89
8.9.2 Time delays 89
8.9.3 Directional 90
8.9.4 Measurements 90
8.10 Influencing quantities 90
8.10.1 Ambient temperature 90
8.10.2 Frequency 90
8.10.3 Angle measurement <2° 90
8.11 Opto-isolated inputs 91
8.12 Output relays 91
8.13 Operation indicator 91
8.14 Communication port 91
8.15 Current transformer requirements 92
8.16 High voltage withstand 92
8.16.1 Dielectric withstand IEC 255-5:1977 92
8.16.2 High voltage impulse IEC 60255-5:1977 92
8.16.3 Insulation resistance IEC 60255-5:1977 92
8.17 Electrical environment 92
8.17.1 DC supply interruptions IEC 60255-11:1979 92
8.17.2 AC ripple on dc supply IEC 60255-11:1979 92
8.17.3 High frequency disturbance IEC 60255-22-1:1988 92
8.17.4 Fast transient IEC 60255-22-4:1992 92
8.17.5 EMC compliance 92
8.17.6 Electrostatic discharge test IEC 60255-22-2 :1996 92
8.17.7 Radiated immunity IEC 60255-22-3:1989 and IEC 60801-3:1984 92
8.17.8 Conducted immunity ENV50141:1993 93
8.17.9 Radiated emissions EN55011:1991 93
8.17.10 Conducted emissions EN55011:1991 93
8.18 ANSI/IEEE Specifications 93
8.18.1 Surge withstand capability 93
8.18.2 Radiated electromagnetic Interference 93
8.19 Environmental 93
8.19.1 Temperature IEC 60255-6:1988 93
8.19.2 Humidity IEC 60068-2-3:1969 93
8.19.3 Enclosure protection IEC 60529:1989 93

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical Manua
l
KVGC20
2
8.20 Mechanical environment 93
8.20.1 Vibration IEC 60255-21-1:1988 93
8.20.2 Shock and bump IEC 60255-21 2:1988 93
8.20.3 Seismic IEC 60255-21-3:1993 93
8.20.4 Mechanical durability 93
8.21 Model numbers 94
8.22 Frequency response 94
9. COMMISSIONING, PROBLEM SOLVING AND MAINTENANCE 96
9.1 Commissioning preliminaries 96
9.1.1 Quick guide to local menu control 96
9.1.2 Terminal allocation 96
9.1.3 Electrostatic discharge (ESD) 96
9.1.4 Inspection 96
9.1.5 Earthing 96
9.1.6 Main current transformers 96
9.1.7 Test block 97
9.1.8 Insulation 97
9.2 Commissioning test notes 97
9.2.1 Equipment required 97
9.3 Auxiliary supply tests 98
9.3.1 Auxiliary supply 98
9.3.1.1 Energisation from auxiliary voltage supply 98
9.3.1.2 Field voltage 98
9.4 Settings 98
9.4.1 Selective logic functions to be tested. 99
9.5 Measurement checks 99
9.5.1 Current measurement 99
9.5.2 Voltage measurement 99
9.6 Control functions 100
9.6.1 Regulated Voltage setting VSand Dead Band dVS100
9.6.2 Load shedding/boosting 100
9.6.3 Integrated timer 101
9.6.3.1 Initial time delay 101
9.6.3.2 Definite time delay 101
9.6.3.3 Inverse time delay 102
9.6.3.4 Inter-tap delay 103
9.6.4 Line drop compensation 103
9.6.4.1 Resistive load current compensation (Vr) 103
9.6.4.2 Reactive load current compensation (Vx) 104
9.6.4.3 Circulating current compensation (Vc) 105
9.6.4.4 Negative compensation 105
9.6.4.5 Positive compensation 105
9.6.5 Negative reactance control (alternative method to circulating current compensation) 106
9.7 Supervision and monitoring 107
9.7.1 Undervoltage detector (V<) 107
9.7.2 Overvoltage detector (V>) 107
9.7.3 Overcurrent Detector (IL) 108
9.7.4 Undervoltage blocking (V<<) 109
9.7.5 Circulating Current Detector (IC) 109
9.7.6 RunAway protection 110
9.7.7 Load Check 112
9.8 Problem solving 113

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC2
02
9.8.1 Password lost or not accepted 113
9.8.2 Software link settings 113
9.8.2.1 System links 113
9.8.2.2 Control links 113
9.8.2.3 Logic links 113
9.8.2.4 Second setting group not displayed or working 114
9.8.2.5 Software links cannot be changed 114
9.8.3 Alarms 114
9.8.3.1 Watchdog alarm 114
9.8.3.2 Unconfigured or uncalibrated alarm 114
9.8.3.3 Setting error alarm 114
9.8.3.4 “No service” alarm 115
9.8.3.5 “No samples” alarm 115
9.8.3.6 “No Fourier” alarm 115
9.8.4 Records 115
9.8.4.1 Problems with event records 115
9.8.5 Communications 115
9.8.5.1 Measured values do not change 115
9.8.5.2 Relay no longer responding 116
9.8.5.3 No response to remote control commands 116
9.8.6 Output relays remain picked-up 116
9.8.7 Measurement accuracy 116
9.9 Maintenance 116
9.9.1 Preliminary checks 117
9.9.1.1 Earthing 117
9.9.1.2 Main current transformers 117
9.9.2 Remote testing 117
9.9.2.1 Alarms 117
9.9.2.2 Measurement accuracy 117
9.9.3 Local testing 117
9.9.3.1 Alarms 117
9.9.3.2 Measurement accuracy 117
9.9.3.3 Additional tests 117
9.9.4 Method of repair 118
9.9.4.1 Replacing a pcb 118
9.9.4.2 Replacing output relays and opto-isolators 118
9.9.4.3 Replacing the power supply board 119
9.9.4.4 Replacing the back plane 119
9.9.5 Recalibration 119

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical Manua
l
KVGC20
2

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC2
02
1. INTRODUCTION
1.1 Introduction
The KVGC202 relay is the K Range version of the MVGC voltage regulating relay based on
the K Range series 2 relays. The KVGC202 has retained the existing functionality of the
MVGC relay and additional functionalities and features have been added to the relay, to
allow greater flexibility.
The KVGC202 relay controls a tap changer to regulate the system voltage within the finite
limits set on the KVGC202 to provide a stable voltage to electrically powered equipment
connected to the power system.
As with the K Range range of protection relays the KVGC202 voltage regulating relay brings
numerical technology to the successful MIDOS range of protection relays.
Fully compatible with the existing designs and sharing the same modular housing concept,
the relay offers more comprehensive control for demanding applications.
The KVGC202 relay includes an extensive range of control and data gathering functions to
provide a completely integrated system of control, instrumentation, data logging and event
recording. The relays have a user-friendly 32 character liquid crystal display (LCD) with 4
push-buttons which allow menu navigation and setting changes. Also, by utilising the
simple 2-wire communication link, all of the relay functions can be read, reset and changed
on demand from a local or remote personal computer (PC), loaded with the relevant
software.
Integral features in the KVGC relays include inverse or definite time operating characteristic,
line drop compensation, undervoltage and overvoltage detectors, blocked tap change
operation, overcurrent, undercurrent and circulating current supervision, load
shedding/boosting capabilities, reverse reactance or circulating current compensation for
parallel transformers to minimise circulating current tap position indication and two
alternative groups of predetermined settings. The relays also have integral serial
communication facilities via K-Bus.
With enhanced versatility, reduced maintenance requirements and low burdens, the
KVGC202 relay provide a more advanced solution to electrically powered equipment.
This manual details the menu, functions and logic for the KVGC202 relays although general
descriptions, external connections and some technical data applies equally to the K Range
relays.
1.2 Using the manual
This manual provides a description of the KVGC202 voltage regulating relay.
It is intended to guide the user through application, installation, setting and commissioning
of the relays.
The manual has the following format:
Chapter 1. Introduction
An introduction on how to use this manual
Chapter 2. Handling and Installation
Precautions to be taken when handling electronic equipment.
Chapter 3. Relay Description
A detailed description of the features of the KVGC202 relays.
Chapter 4. Application of Control Functions
An introduction to the applications of the relays and special features provided.

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical Manua
l
KVGC20
2
Chapter 5. Relay settings
A description of setting ranges and factory settings.
Chapter 6. Measurements, Records and Alarms
How to customise the measurements and use the recording features.
Chapter 7. Control Functions and Serial Communications
Hints on using the serial communication feature.
Chapter 8. Technical Data
Comprehensive details on the ratings, setting ranges and specifications etc.
Chapter 9. Commissioning, Problem Solving & Maintenance
A guide to commissioning, problem solving and maintenance.
Appendix Appendices include relay time characteristic curve, logic diagram,
connection diagrams and commissioning test records.
Index Provides the user with page references for quick access to selected topics.
1.3 Models available
The following models are available:
KVGC 202 01N21GE_ 24–125V rated model
KVGC 202 01N51GE_ 48–250V rated model

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC202
2. HANDLING AND INSTALLATION
2.1 General considerations
2.1.1 Receipt of product
Although the product is generally of robust construction, careful treatment is required
prior to installation on site. Upon receipt, the product should be examined immediately, to
ensure no damage has been sustained in transit. If damage has been sustained during
transit, a claim should be made to the transport contractor, and a General Electric
representative should be promptly notified. Products that are supplied unmounted and not
intended for immediate installation should be returned to their protective polythene bags.
2.1.2 Electrostatic discharge (ESD)
The product uses components that are sensitive to electrostatic discharges.
The electronic circuits are well protected by the metal case and the internal module
should not be withdrawn unnecessarily. When handling the module outside its case, care
should be taken to avoid contact with components and electrical connections.
If removed from the case for storage, the module should be placed in an electrically
conducting antistatic bag.
There are no setting adjustments within the module and it is advised that it is not
unnecessarily disassembled. Although the printed circuit boards are plugged together,
the connectors are a manufacturing aid and not intended for frequent dismantling; in fact
considerable effort may be required to separate them.
Touching the printed circuit board should be avoided, since complementary metal oxide
semiconductors (CMOS) are used, which can be damaged by static electricity discharged
from the body.
2.2 Handling of electronic equipment
A person’s normal movements can easily generate electrostatic potentials of several
thousand volts. Discharge of these voltages into semiconductor devices when handling
electronic circuits can cause serious damage, which often may not be immediately
apparent but the reliability of the circuit will have been reduced.
The electronic circuits are completely safe from electrostatic discharge when housed in
the case. Do not expose them to risk of damage by withdrawing modules unnecessarily.
Each module incorporates the highest practicable protection for its semiconductor
devices. However, if it becomes necessary to withdraw a module, the precautions should
be taken to preserve the high reliability and long life for which the equipment has been
designed and manufactured.
Before removing a module, ensure that you are at the same electrostatic potential as the
equipment by touching the case.
Handle the module by its frontplate, frame or edges of the printed circuit board. Avoid
touching the electronic components, printed circuit track or connectors.
Do not pass the module to another person without first ensuring you are both at the same
electrostatic potential. Shaking hands achieves equipotential.
Place the module on an antistatic surface, or on a conducting surface which is at the
same potential as yourself.
Store or transport the module in a conductive bag.
If you are making measurements on the internal electronic circuitry of an equipment in
service, it is preferable that you are earthed to the case with a conductive wrist strap.
Wrist straps should have a resistance to ground between 500k–10M ohms.
If a wrist strap is not available, you should maintain regular contact with the case to
prevent a build-up of static. Instrumentation which may be used for making
measurements should be earthed to the case whenever possible.
More information on safe working procedures for all electronic equipment can be found in
BS5783 and IEC 60147–OF. It is strongly recommended that detailed investigations on

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical
Manual
KVGC202
electronic circuitry, or modification work, should be carried out in a Special Handling Area
such as described in the above-mentioned BS and IEC documents.
2.3 Mounting
Products are dispatched, either individually, or as part of a panel/rack assembly.
If loose products are to be assembled into a scheme, then construction details can be
found in Publication R7012. If an MMLG test block is to be included it should be
positioned at the right hand side of the assembly (viewed from the front). Modules should
remain protected by their metal case during assembly into a panel or rack. The design of
the relay is such that the fixing holes are accessible without removal of the cover. For
individually mounted units, an outline diagram is normally supplied showing the panel cut-
outs and hole centres. These dimensions will also be found in Publication R6520.
2.4 Unpacking
Care must be taken when unpacking and installing the products so that none of the parts
are damaged, or the settings altered and they must only be handled by skilled persons.
The installation should be clean, dry and reasonably free from dust and excessive
vibration. The site should be well lit to facilitate inspection. Modules that have been
removed from their cases should not be left in situations where they are exposed to dust
or damp. This particularly applies to installations which are being carried out at the same
time as construction work.
2.5 Storage
If products are not to be installed immediately upon receipt they should be stored in a
place free from dust and moisture in their original cartons. Where de-humidifier bags
have been included in the packing they should be retained. The action of the de-
humidifier crystals will be impaired if the bag has been exposed to ambient conditions
and may be restored by gently heating the bag for about an hour, prior to replacing it in
the carton.
Dust which collects on a carton may, on subsequent unpacking, find its way into the
product; in damp conditions the carton and packing may become impregnated with
moisture and the de-humidifier will lose its efficiency.
Storage temperature –25°C to +70°C.

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC202
3. RELAY DESCRIPTION
3.1 Relay description
The KVGC202 voltage regulating relay use numerical techniques to derive control
functions. Six multiplexed analogue inputs are used, sampled eight times per power
frequency cycle. The Fourier derived power frequency component returns the rms value
of the measured quantity. To ensure optimum performance, frequency tracking is used.
The channel that is tracked is chosen, in order, from Vbc (low accuracy), external TPI
supply and IL.
Eight output relays can be programmed to respond to any of the control functions and
eight logic inputs can be allocated to control functions. The logic inputs are filtered to
ensure that induced ac current in the external wiring to these inputs does not cause an
incorrect response. Software masks further enable the user to customise the product for
their own particular applications. They select/interconnect the various control elements
and replace the interconnections that were previously used between the cases of relays
that provided discrete control functions. An option is provided to allow testing of the
output relays via the menu structure.
The relay is powered from either a dc, or an ac, auxiliary which is transformed by a wide
ranging dc/dc converter within the relay. This provides the electronic circuits with
regulated and galvanically isolated supply rails. The power supply also provides a
regulated and isolated field voltage to energise the logic inputs.
An interface on the front of the relay allows the user to navigate through the menu to
access data, change settings and reset flags etc. As an alternative the relay can be
connected to a computer via the serial communication port and the menu accessed on-
line. This provides a more friendly and intuitive method of setting the relay, as it allows a
whole column of data to be displayed at one time instead of just a single menu cell.
Computer programs are also available that enable setting files to be generated off-line
and these files can then be down loaded to the relay via the serial communication port.
In addition to control functions the relay can display all the values that are measured and
many additional ones that are calculated. Useful time stamped data for post event
analysis is stored in event records. This data is available via a serial communication port
for access locally and/or remotely, with a computer. Remote control actions can also be
made and to this end K Range relays have been integrated into SCADA systems.
KVGC202 relay provide the user with the flexibility to customise the relay for their
particular applications. They provide many additional features that would be expensive to
produce on an individual basis and when the low installation costs are taken into account
it will be seen to provide an economic solution for tap change control.
3.2 User interface
The front plate of the relay provides a man machine interface, providing the user with a
means of entering settings to the relay, displaying measured values and alarms.

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical
Manual
KVGC202
3.2.1 Frontplate layout
Figure 1: Front plate layout
The front plate of the relay carries a liquid crystal display (LCD) on which data such as
settings, measured values and information for the control conditions can be viewed. The
data is accessed through a menu system. The four keys [F]; [+]; [–] & [0] are used to
move around the menu, select the data to be accessed and enter settings. Three light
emitting diodes LEDs indicate alarm, healthy and control conditions.
A label at the top corner identifies the relay by both its model number and serial number.
This information uniquely specifies the product and is required when making any enquiry
to the factory about a particular relay. In addition, there is a rating label in the bottom
corner which gives details of the auxiliary voltage and current ratings. Two handles, one
at the top and one at the bottom of the front plate, will assist in removing the module from
the case.
3.2.2 LED indications
The three LEDs provide the following functions:
GREEN LED Labelled as ‘HEALTHY’ indicates the relay is powered up and running. In
most cases it follows the watchdog relay.
YELLOW LED Labelled as ‘ALARM’ indicates alarm conditions that have been detected
by the relay during its self checking routine or supervision control. The
alarm lamp flashes when the password is entered (password inhibition
temporarily overridden).
RED LED Labelled as ‘CONTROL’ indicates a tap change that has been issued by
the relay and is lit for a period, tPULSE. When lit permanently it indicates
tap change operation (Raise and Lower) is blocked or the inter-tap delay
is set to zero. The control lamp flashes to indicate that one or more
system fault indications are present.

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC202
3.2.3 Keypad
The four keys perform the following functions:
[F] – function select/digit select key/next column
[+] – put in setting mode/increment value/accept key/previous column
[–] – put in setting mode/decrement value/reject key/next column
[0] – reset/escape/change default display key
Note: Only the [F] and [0] keys are accessible when the relay cover is in
place.
3.2.4 Liquid crystal display
The liquid crystal display has two lines, each of sixteen characters. A back-light is
activated, when any key on the front plate is momentarily pressed and will remain lit until
ten minutes after the last key press. This enables the display to be read in all conditions
of ambient lighting. The back-light will automatically switch off after one minute of keypad
inactivity.
The numbers printed on the front plate just below the display, identify the individual digits
that are displayed for some of the settings, i.e. function links, relay masks etc.
3.3 Menu system
Figure 2: Menu format
Settings, measured values, alarm records and system data resides in a table known as
MENU TABLE. Data within the relays is accessed via a MENU table. All the data
displayed on the LCD or transmitted via the serial communications port is obtained via
this table.
The table is comprised of cells arranged in rows and columns, like a spreadsheet.
A cell may contain text, values, settings or functions. The first cell in a column, the
column heading, contains text identifying the data grouped under it in that column.
3.3.1 Default display
The selected default display that appears on power-up can be selected by the user.
Whilst the default display is visible it is possible to scroll through the available options
with a momentary press of the [0] key. The required default display can be selected via
menu cells 0411 or 0611. Alternatively, pressing the [0] key for 1 second will select the
currently visible option as the default.

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical
Manual
KVGC202
Following the initiation of a tap change operation the display will change to show the time
remaining before the next tap change is due. It will do this by temporarily changing to
default display 6, alarm status/raise volts/lower volts and time remaining. This change
will not occur if display 7 is selected, as this option already displays the time remaining.
The display will revert to the original option when either the timer expires, or the system
voltage returns to within the deadband. Certain default displays show textual information
about fault conditions, this information will be cleared along with the associated LED
display, when the [0] key is pressed and held for 1 second.
The default display can be returned to without waiting for the 15 minute delay to expire by
moving to a column heading and pressing the [0] key for 1 second.
3.3.2 Accessing the menu
Four keys on the front plate of the relay allow the menu to be scanned and the contents
displayed on the liquid crystal display.
To move from the default display the [F] key should be pressed momentarily and the
display will change to [0000 SYSTEM DATA], the column heading for the first menu
column. Further momentary presses of the [F] key will step down the column, row by
row, so that data may be read. If at any time the [F] key is pressed and held for one
second the cursor will be moved to the top of the next column and the heading for that
column will be displayed. Further momentary presses of the [F] key will then move down
the new column, row by row. In this way the full menu of the relay may be scanned with
just one key and this key is accessible with the cover in place on the relay. Pressing the
[F] and [0] keys together can step back up the column.
The only settings which can be changed with the cover in place are those that can be
reset either to zero or some preset value by means of the [0] key, provided they do not
require a password to be entered.
To change any other settings the cover must be removed from the relay to gain access to
the [+] and [–] keys that are used to increment or decrement a value.
When a column heading is displayed the [–] key will change the display to the next
column and the [+] key will change the display to the previous column, giving a faster
selection.
When a cell that can be changed is displayed, the action of pressing either the [+] or [–]
keys will put the relay in setting mode indicated by a flashing cursor in the display. To
escape from the setting mode without making any change, the [0] key should be
depressed for one second. Chapter 3.4 gives instructions for changing the various types
of settings.
Password protection is provided for the configuration settings of the relay because an
accidental change could seriously affect the ability of the relay to perform its intended
functions. Configuration settings include the selection of CT and VT ratios, function link
settings, opto-input and relay output allocation. Some control, logic and reset functions,
are protected from change when the relay cover is in place.
3.3.3 Menu contents
Related data and settings are grouped in separate columns of the menu. Each column
has a text heading (in capital letters) that identifies the data contained in that column.
Each cell may contain text, values, settings and/or a function. The cells are referenced
by the column number/row number. For example, 0201 is column 02, row 01. When a
cell is displayed the four digits at the top left hand corner of the LCD indicate the column
number and row number in the menu table.
The full menu is given in the following tables, but not all the items listed will be available
in a particular relay. Those cells that do not provide any useful purpose are not made
available in the factory configuration. Certain settings will disappear from the menu when
the user de-selects them; the alternative setting group is a typical example. If System
Data Link (SD4) is set to ‘0’ alternative settings will be hidden and to make them visible,
the System Data Link SD4 must be set to ‘1’.

Technical
Manual
KVCG202/EN M/H
11
KVGC202
3.3.4 Menu columns
Col No Heading Description
00 SYSTEM DATA Settings and data for the system – relay and serial
communications.
01 STATUS Settings for tap control modes
02 MEASURE Display of directly measured and calculated quantities
03 CONTROL 1 Settings for group 1 miscellaneous control functions
04 LOGIC 1 Settings for group 1 miscellaneous logic functions
05 CONTROL 2 Settings for group 2 miscellaneous control functions
06 LOGIC 2 Settings for group 2 miscellaneous logic functions
07 INPUT MASKS User assigned allocation of logic input
08 RELAY MASKS User assigned allocation of output relays
The menu cells that are read only are marked [READ]
Cells that can be set are marked [SET]
Cells that can be reset are marked [RESET]
Cells that are password protected are marked [PWP]
3.3.5 System data
Cell Text Status Description
0000 SYSTEM DATA READ Column heading
0002 Password PWP Password that must be entered before certain settings
may be changed
0003 SD Links PWP Function links that enable the user to enable (activate)
the options required
0
1 Rem Cntrl 1= enable remote control
2 Rem LSB 1= enable remote load shedding/boosting
3 Rem Grp2 1= enable remote change to group 2 setting
4 En Grp2 1= enable group two settings; 0 = hidden
5 1=Grp2 1= select group 2 settings
6 Irev=Grp 2 1= enable reverse current select group 2 settings
7 Log Evts 1= enable logic changes in event records
8
9 Extrn V 1= TPI uses external V ref; 0=TPI uses system voltage
0004 Description PWP Product description – user programmable text
0005 Plant Ref. PWP Plant reference – user programmable text
0006 Model READ Model number that defines the product
0008 Serial No. READ Serial number – unique number identifying the
particular product
0009 Freq SET Default sampling frequency - must be set to power
system frequency
000A Comms Level READ Indicates the Courier communication level supported
by the product
000B Rly Address SET Communication address (1 to 255)
000C Plnt Status READ Binary word, used to transport plant status information
over communication network

K
VCG202/EN M/H11
Technical
Manual
KVGC202
Cell Text Status Description
000D Ctrl Status READ Binary word used to indicate the status of control data
000E Grp now READ Indicates the active setting group
000F LSB Stage READ Indicates the last received load shedding command
0011 Software READ Software reference for the product
0020 Log Status READ Indicates the current status of all the logic inputs
0021 Rly Status READ Indicates the current status of the output relay drives
0022 Alarms READ Indicates the current state of internal alarms
0 Uncfg READ Error in factory configuration settings
1 Uncalib READ Operating in uncalibrated state
2 Setting READ Error detected in stored settings
3 No Service READ Out-of-service and not functioning
4 No Samples READ No A/D samples but still in service
5 No Fourier READ Fourier is not being performed
6 Test Wdog SET Test watchdog by setting this bit to “1”; 0 = normal
0002 SYS Password [PWP]
The selected configuration of the relay is locked under this password and cannot be
changed until it has been entered. Provision has been made for the user to change the
password, which may consist of four upper case letters in any combination. In the event
of the password becoming lost a recovery password can be obtained on request, but the
request must be accompanied by a note of the model and serial number of the relay.
0003 SYS Function Links [PWP]
These function links enable selection to be made from the system options.
0004 SYS Description [PWP]
This is text that describes the relay type. It is password protected and can be changed by
the user to a name which may describe the scheme configuration of the relay if the relay
is changed from the factory configuration.
0005 SYS Plant Reference [PWP]
The plant reference can be entered by the user, but is limited to 16 characters.
This reference is used to identify the primary plant with which the relay is associated.
0006 SYS Model Number [READ]
The model number that is entered during manufacture has encoded into it the mechanical
assembly, ratings and configuration of the relay. It is printed on the frontplate and should
be quoted in any correspondence concerning the product.
0008 SYS Serial Number [READ]
The serial number is the relay identity and encodes also the year of manufacture.
It cannot be changed from the menu.
0009 SYS Frequency [SET]
The set frequency from which the relay starts tracking on power-up.
000A Communication Level [READ]
This cell will contain the communication level that the relay will support. It is used by
master station programs to decide what type of commands to send to the relay.
000B SYS Relay Address [SET]