GHM DeltaOHM HD52.3D Series User manual

Operating manual
Ultrasonic anemometers
HD52.3D… series
www
.deltaohm.com
English
Keep for future reference
.

HD52.3D… - 2 - V3.0
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................... 3
1.1 M ODELS ........................................................................................................... 4
2 TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS ...............................................................................
3 DESCRIPTION ....................................................................................................... 8
4 MEASURING PRINCIPLE OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION ................................ 10
INSTALLATION ................................................................................................... 11
5.1 A LIGNMENT OF THE INSTRUMENT ............................................................................ 12
5.2 A SSEMBLING RAIN GAUGE FILTER AND FUNNEL IN HD52.3DT147 ..................................... 13
5.3 E LECTRICAL C ONNECTIONS ................................................................................... 14
5.3.1 RS232 SERIAL CONNECTION .................................................................... 15
5.3.2 RS485 SERIAL CONNECTION .................................................................... 15
5.3.3 RS422 SERIAL CONNECTION ..................................................................... 16
5.3.4 SDI-12 SERIAL CONNECTION ................................................................... 17
5.3.5 A NALOG OUT UTS C ONNECTION .................................................................. 17
5.3.6 USB CONNECTION VIA THE RS52 CABLE (RS232/USB) .................................... 18
5.3.7 USB CONNECTION VIA THE RS51K CABLE (RS485/USB) .................................. 18
5.3.8 C ONNECTION OF HEATING SYSTEM ............................................................... 19
6 CONFIGURATION ................................................................................................ 20
6.1 S ERIAL C OMMANDS ............................................................................................ 21
7 RS232 AND RS48 ASCII PROPRIETARY MODES ................................................ 30
8 NMEA MODE ........................................................................................................ 31
9 MODBUS-RTU MODE ........................................................................................... 33
10 SDI-12 MODE ...................................................................................................... 37
11 INSTRUMENT STORAGE ...................................................................................... 40
12 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS ...................................................................................... 40
13 ACCESSORIES ORDERING CODES ....................................................................... 41

HD52.3D… - 3 - V3.0
1INTRODUCTION
The instruments of the series HD52.3D… are 2-axis ultrasonic static anemometers. The availa-
ble measurement options combine in a single instrument the main quantities of meteorological
interest, making the instrument like a compact and light meteorological station.
Measured quantities:
•Wind speed and direction, U-V Cartesian components of wind speed
•Wind Gust
•Relative Humidity and temperature (optional)
•Global solar radiation (optional)
•Barometric pressure (optional)
•Rainfall (optional)
The “Rainfall” and “Global solar radiation” options are alternatives (they cannot be both pre-
sent in the same instrument).
The average of wind speed and direction over a period configurable up to 10 minutes is calcu-
lated.
All models are equipped with a magnetic compass.
Wind speed and direction are determined by measuring the transit time of ultrasonic pulses
between two pairs of ultrasonic transducers.
RS232, RS485, RS422 and SDI-12 serial interfaces are available with ASCII proprietary or
NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and SDI-12 standard communication protocols.
All versions have two analog outputs, for wind speed and direction, which are factory-
configurable within 4÷20 mA (standard), 0÷1 V, 0÷5 V or 0÷10 V (to be specified when or-
dering).
The heater option prevents the accumulation of snow and ice formation, allowing precise
measurements in all environmental conditions.
Mounting on ∅ 40 mm mast. The electric connection is performed through a M23 19-pole con-
nector situated on the bottom of the instrument.
The low power consumption of the instrument allows installation in remote sites, with power
supplied by photovoltaic panel and backup battery.
The absence of moving parts minimizes the instrument maintenance.

HD52.3D… - 4 - V3.0
1.1 M ODELS
The table below shows the optional features in the various models of the series.
OPTIONS
Model Atm.
press.
R.H.
Temp.
Global
solar
rad.
Rainfall
Bird
spikes
Heating
Powder
coating
Analog
outputs
HD 2.3D[K][R][W][V…]
Option
K
Option
R
Option
W
4…20 mA if
not specified
Options
V: 0…10 V
V1: 0…1 V
V : 0…5 V
HD 2.3D[K]4[R][W][V…]
√
HD 2.3DP[R][W][V…]
√
N.A.
HD 2.3DP4[R][W][V…]
√ √
HD 2.3D[K]17[R][W][V…]
√
Option
K
HD 2.3D[K]147[R][W][V…]
√ √
HD 2.3DP17[R][W][V…]
√
√
N.A.
HD 2.3DP147[R][W][V…]
√ √ √
HD 2.3D[K]T147[W][V…]
√ √
√
Option
K N.A.
Note:
•Bird spikes option is not available in the models measuring global solar radiation.
•The heating option is not available in the model with rain gauge.

HD52.3D… - 5 - V3.0
2TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Wind speed
Sensor Ultrasounds
Measuring range 0…60 m/s (0…50 m/s with rain gauge option)
Resolution 0.01 m/s
Accuracy ± 0.2 m/s or ± 2%, the greatest (0…35 m/s), ± 3% (> 35 m/s)
Wind direction
Sensor Ultrasounds
Measuring range 0…359.9°
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy ± 2° RMSE from 1.0 m/s
Compass
Sensor Magnetic
Measuring range 0…360°
Resolution 0.1°
Accuracy ± 1°
Air temperature (needs option 17)
Sensor t100
Measuring range -40…+70 °C
Resolution 0.1 °C
Accuracy ± 0.15 °C ± 0.1% of measurement
Relative humidity (needs option 17)
Sensor Capacitive
Measuring range 0…100%RH
Resolution 0.1%
Accuracy (@ T = 15…35 °C) ± 1.5%RH (0…90%RH), ± 2%RH (remaining range)
Accuracy (@ T = -40…+70 °C) ± (1.5 + 1.5% of measurement )%RH
Barometric Pressure (needs option 4)
Sensor iezoresistive
Measuring range 300…1100 h a
Resolution 0.1 h a
Accuracy ± 0.5 h a (700...1100 h a) @ 20 °C
±1 h a (500…1100 h a) / ±1.5 h a (300…500 h a) @
T=(0…60 °C)
Solar radiation (needs option P)
Sensor Thermopile
Measuring range 0…2000 W/m
2
Resolution 1 W/m
2
Accuracy 2
nd
Class yranometer
Rainfall (needs option T)
Sensor Tipping bucket
Resolution 0.2 mm
Accuracy 99% up to 120 mm/h
Maximum rainfall rate 2000 mm/h
Collector area 127 cm
2

HD52.3D… - 6 - V3.0
General features
ower Supply 10…30 Vdc
ower consumption 26 mA @ 24 Vdc without heater
8 W @ 24 Vdc with heater
Serial outputs RS232, RS485 (¼ Unit Load), RS422 and SDI-12
Communication protocols NMEA, MODBUS-RTU, SDI-12, proprietary RS232 and RS485
Analog outputs 2 analog outputs, for wind speed and direction. Output at
choice among 4…20 mA (standard), 0…1 V, 0…5 V and
0…10 V (option 0…10 V needs 1 …30 Vdc power supply)
Wind speed averaging interval Configurable from 1 s to 10 min
Electrical connection 19-pole M23 male connector
Operating temperature -40…+70 °C
Minimum temperature for the rainfall sensor 1 °C
rotection degree I 66
Survival speed 90 m/s (60 m/s with rain gauge option)
Weight About 1 kg (version HD52.3D 147)
About 1.5 kg (version HD52.3DT147)
Case lastic material. Metal parts: AISI 316
Dimensions (mm)
150
336
40 ext.
36 int.
50
150
357
40 ext.
36 int.
50
HD 2.3D17 / HD 2.3D147 HD 2.3DP17 / HD 2.3DP147
Mast
Mast

HD52.3D… - 7 - V3.0
HD 2.3D / HD 2.3D4 HD 2.3DP / HD 2.3DP4
132
547
40 ext.
36 int.
50
150
HD 2.3DT147
Mast
Mast
Mast

HD52.3D… - 8 - V3.0
3DESCRIPTION
1. yranometer
2. Ultrasonic sensors for the measurement of wind speed and direction
3. rotective shield from solar radiation for relative humidity and temperature sensors
4. Fixing clamp to Ø 40 mm mast
Note: in the models measuring barometric pressure, the pressure sensor is inside the instru-
ment.

HD52.3D… - 9 - V3.0
Version with rain gauge
1. Rain gauge
2. Ultrasonic sensors for the measurement of wind speed and direction
3. rotective shield from solar radiation for relative humidity and temperature sensors
4. Fixing clamp to Ø 40 mm mast

HD52.3D… - 10 - V3.0
4MEASURING PRINCIPLE OF WIND SPEED AND DIRECTION
Wind speed and direction are determined by measuring the time taken by ultrasonic pulses to
cover the distance from the transducer that generates the pulse to the receiving transducer.
The instrument uses 2 pairs of transducers oriented along two orthogonal axes. Detecting the
wind speed along two axes allows determining not only the intensity but also the wind direc-
tion.
The instrument measures the travel time of the ultrasonic pulse between the two transducers
of the same pair in both directions. The travel times in the two opposed directions are defined
as t
A
(forward direction time) and t
R
(reverse direction time).
If wind speed is zero, t
A
and t
R
values are the same. In the presence of wind, one of the two
time values is greater than the other and the comparison between the two time values allows
to determine the direction and the intensity of the wind.
Measuring the travel time in both directions allows to cancel the dependence of the transmis-
sion speed of ultrasounds in the air from the environmental conditions of temperature, humidi-
ty and barometric pressure.
Measurement along first axis Measurement along second axis
The travel times of the ultrasonic pulses are given by:
W
A
V
C
D
t
+
=
W
R
V
C
D
t
−
=
Where:
D = Distance between the two transducers of the same pair
C = Sound speed
V
W
= Component of wind speed along the measurement axis
Measuring the two travel times allows determining the wind speed component:





−⋅=
RA
W
tt
D
V11
2
Axis U
Transducer Transducer
Transducer Transducer
Axis V

HD52.3D… - 11 - V3.0
INSTALLATION
To install the instrument, pass the connection cable inside the support mast and connect the
19-pole M23 female connector of the cable to the 19-pole M23 male connector situated at the
bottom of the instrument. Ensure connection stability by tightening the connector external nut.
Align the instrument to the desired direction (see par. 5.1 “Alignment”), then fix it on the sup-
port mast by tightening the cable tie at the bottom of the instrument.
The support mast, having 40 mm maximum outer diameter and 36 mm minimum inner diame-
ter, should be positioned on a stable surface.
The instrument should be installed vertically and in an open area, far from obstructions located
in the vicinity that might alter the natural air flow. Any close objects (such as buildings, trees,
pylons, etc.) should be at a distance equal to at least ten times their height.
In the presence of close objects, it is advisable to place the instrument at a height of 10 m
(except version with rain gauge option).

HD52.3D… - 12 - V3.0
For version with rain gauge option it is recommended to place the instrument at a height not
exceeding 3 m (the precipitation measurement is standardized at ground level, as it is very af-
fected by the presence of wind). It is very important to place the instrument on a rigid mast,
as the oscillation of the mast could cause false detections of the tipping bucket of the rain
gauge.
For open-space installations, the instrument can be installed using the tripod HD200 .20
(2 m) or HD200 .20.1 (3 m).
If the instrument is installed on a building, the height of the instrument should be at least 1.5
times the minimum value between the height of the building and the roof longest diagonal.
Mount the instrument far from magnetic materials and devices that generate magnetic fields
(electric motors, electric power cables, electric transformers, radars, radio transmitters etc.) to
prevent faulty indications from the magnetic compass.
In case of mobile installations (for example on a boat), consider that the instrument measures
the relative (apparent) wind speed with respect to the instrument. To determine the absolute
(real) wind speed one should consider the movement velocity of the instrument.
All instrument sensors are factory-calibrated and do not require additional interventions of the
user.
Unless otherwise requested, the instrument is factory set in configuration mode. The set mode
is active 10 seconds after power up (in the first 10 seconds the instrument waits for the com-
mand to enter configuration mode, necessary if the instrument is set in a different mode, see
chapter 6). It is possible to configure the instrument to immediately activate the MODBUS-RTU
or configuration mode upon power up, without waiting 10 seconds.
.1 A LIGNMENT OF THE INSTRUMENT
The instrument is equipped with a magnetic compass, and wind speed and direction measure-
ments are automatically compensated and referred to magnetic North, even if alignment to
North is not performed. This allows obtaining accurate measurements even in case of mobile
installations.
It is possible to disable the compass compensation of the wind speed and direction measure-
ments. In this case it is necessary to align the instrument during installation. The arrows on
the case will facilitate the alignment.
For an accurate alignment, connect the instrument to a C (see following chapters for commu-
nication protocols), then rotate the instrument on its vertical axis until the compass measures
0.0° ± 0.1°.
Arrow for
alignment
to North
Supporting plate
of ultrasonic sensors

HD52.3D… - 13 - V3.0
When evaluating the wind direction, one should consider that the geographic North differs from
the magnetic North indicated by the compass. The difference, named magnetic declination,
depends on the area where the instrument was installed (for example, about 15° in North
America and less than 3° in Europe).
If wind speed and direction values are given in polar coordinates, 0° angle corresponds to a
wind coming from North.
.2 A SSEMBLING RAIN GAUGE FILTER AND FUNNEL IN HD 2.3DT147
In order to maintain the sensor integrity during transportation, the instrument is shipped with the
rain gauge filter and funnel unassembled and with the tipping bucket locked. Assemble the filter
and funnel and unlock the tipping bucket following the instructions below:
1. Loosen the three knobs (A) fixing the rain gauge housing (B) and remove the housing.
2. Remove the locking foam under the tipping bucket.
3. Slide the filter (C) threaded side through the funnel (D) lower hole and the housing (B) upper
hole, then lock the assembly by screwing the threaded cylinder (E) on the filter (C) thread.
4. Replace the housing and lock the three fixing knobs.

HD52.3D… - 14 - V3.0
.3 E LECTRICAL C ONNECTIONS
All connections are performed through a 19-pole M23 male connector situated at the bottom of
the instrument. The figure and the table below show numbers and function of the connector
contacts and the corresponding wires of the optional CP 2.x cable:
TAB. .A – Electrical connections
Connector
pin N
o
CP 2.x cable
wire N
o
/color Symbol Description
1 Not used
2 2 / Blue RX SDI Data line for SDI-12 connection
3 3 / Yellow RX + Serial receive (input) positive
4 HEAT - Heater power supply negative
5 HEAT + Heater power supply positive (10…30 Vdc)
6 6 / ink HEAT - Heater power supply negative
7 7 / Violet HEAT + Heater power supply positive (10…30 Vdc)
8 8 / Grey GND Serial ground
9 9 / White TX - Serial transmission (output) negative
“DATA –” RS485 output
10 Not used
11 Not used
12 12 / Black V - Instrument power supply negative
13 4 / Grey- ink RX - Serial receive (input) negative
14 10 / Brown OUT 1 Analog output 1 positive
15 GND Analog ground (internally shorted with V-)
16 11 / Green OUT 2 Analog output 2 positive
17 5 / Red-Blue TX + Serial transmission (output) positive
“DATA +” RS485 output
18 V + Instrument power supply positive (10…30 Vdc)
19 1 / Red V + Instrument power supply positive (10…30 Vdc)
-- Black (thick wire) SHIELD Cable shield
ATTENTION: The optional 12-pole CP 2.x cable wire number does not always coin-
cide with the M23 connector pin number.
Connector
Reference
Visible side
male
connector

HD52.3D… - 15 - V3.0
.3.1 RS232 SERIAL CONNECTION
For RS232 connection, TX-, RX+ and serial GND signals (pin 9, 3 and 8 of M23 connector) are
used, to be connected respectively to RX, TX and GND signals of RS232 port on C (pin 2, 3
and 5 of 9-pole SubD connector). The length of RS232 cables should not exceed 15 m.
With RS232 connection, NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS232 protocols can be used.
If the C is not equipped with RS232 serial ports, the RS 2 adapting cable (with built-in
USB/RS232 converter) can be inserted between the C and the instrument (see paragraph 5.3.6).
.3.2 RS48 SERIAL CONNECTION
Thanks to RS485 connection, multiple instruments can be connected to a multi-point network.
Instruments are connected in sequence through a twisted-pair shielded cable for signals and a
third wire for ground.
Line terminations should be placed at the two ends of the network. The cable shield should be
connected to both ends of the line.
The maximum number of devices that can be connected to the RS485 line (Bus) depends on the
load characteristics of the devices to be connected. The RS485 standard requires that the total
load does not exceed 32 unit loads. The load of an HD52.3D… anemometer is equal to ¼ of unit
load. If the total load is greater than 32 unit loads, divide the network into segments and add a
Reference of female
connector solder side
ower supply
ower supply
RS232 ort
RS485/USB or RS485/RS232
converter or data logger
with RS485 port
Other sensors with
RS485 output
Termination Termination
Reference of female
connector solder side

HD52.3D… - 16 - V3.0
signal repeater between a segment and the successive one. Line termination should be applied
at both ends of each segment.
The maximum length of the cable depends on the transmission speed and the cable character-
istics. Typically, the maximum length is 1200 m. The data line should be kept separated from
any power lines in order to prevent interference with the transmitted signal.
Each instrument on the network is univocally identified by an address. Multiple transmitters
with the same address should not be placed on the network.
If the instrument is connected to a data logger, the possibility to connect multiple sensors to
the network depends on the data logger capacity to manage multiple sensors.
NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS485 protocols can be used with RS485 connection.
Before connecting the instrument to the network, configure address and Baud Rate (see chap-
ter 6).
.3.3 RS422 SERIAL CONNECTION
RS422 standard is used for point-to-point connection on long distances. The instrument is con-
nected to a C/data logger through a shielded cable with two twisted pairs for signals and an
additional wire for ground. The extremities of the connections should end with line terminators.
The maximum length of the cable depends on the transmission speed and the cable character-
istics. Typically, the maximum length is 1200 m. The data lines should be kept separated from
any power lines in order to prevent interference with the transmitted signal.
NMEA, MODBUS-RTU and proprietary RS485 protocols can be used with RS422 connection.
Before connecting the instrument to the network, configure address and Baud Rate (see chap-
ter 6).
ower supply
RS422/USB or RS422/RS232
converter or data logger
with RS422 port
Termination Termination
Reference of female
connector solder side

HD52.3D… - 17 - V3.0
.3.4 SDI-12 SERIAL CONNECTION
SDI-12 standard has three connection wires: power supply +12V, data line and ground.
Up to 10 sensors can be connected in parallel, each of them identified by its own address.
Communication between sensors and C/datalogger is performed at 1200 baud. Connection
cables should not exceed 60 m.
The instrument should be configured to operate in SDI-12 mode. Set the address (see chapter
6) before connecting the instrument to the network.
.3. A NALOG OUTPUTS C ONNECTION
Connect the outputs according to one of the two schemes below, depending on the output
type, current (standard) or voltage (on request), available in the instrument. OUT 1 and
OUT 2 are associated to wind speed and direction respectively. To change the type of speed
and direction measurements associated to the outputs, see chapter 6.
Current outputs are active. Load resistance: RL < 300 Ω.
Load resistance: RL > 10 kΩ.
ower supply
SDI-12/USB or SDI-12/RS232
converter or
data logger with SDI-12 input
ower supply
ower supply
Other sensors with
SDI-12 output
Reference of female
connector solder side
Reference of female
connector solder side
Reference of female
connector solder side
Current outputs 4…20mA
Voltage outputs

HD52.3D… - 18 - V3.0
.3.6 USB CONNECTION VIA THE RS 2 CABLE (RS232/USB)
The instrument RS232 serial port can be connected to a C USB port via the optional RS 2
adapting cable, with built-in RS232/USB converter.
TX-
RX+
GND
V+
V -
15
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11 12
13
1416
17
18
19
8
10
9
Lmax = 15m
V+
TX-
RX+
GND
RS52
To use the RS 2 cable, the drivers included in the HD52.3D-S software package, down-
loadable from Delta OHM website, should be installed in the C (see the guide to USB drivers
installation in the Documentation section of the software package).
The instrument is powered directly from the USB port of the C.
.3.7 USB CONNECTION VIA THE RS 1K CABLE (RS48 /USB)
The instrument RS485 serial port can be connected to a C USB port via the optional RS 1K
adapting kit, with built-in RS485/USB converter. The RS51K kit includes the SWD10 power
supply and the RS485/USB adapter with:
oscrew terminals for the connection to the C 52… cable (not included);
oUSB connector for the connection to the C;
ojack connector for connecting the SWD10 power supply.
TX-
TX+
15
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
11 12
13
1416
17
18
19
8
10
9
D- D+
V+
V -
+
-
RS51K
To use the RS 1K kit, the drivers included in the HD52.3D-S software package, downloadable
from Delta OHM website, should be installed in the C (see the guide to USB drivers installa-
tion in the Documentation section of the software package).
Reference of female
connector solder side
Reference of female
connector solder side SWD10
To C
RS485/USB
adapter
ower supply
RS232/USB
adapter
To C

HD52.3D… - 19 - V3.0
.3.8 C ONNECTION OF HEATING SYSTEM
Models with heat option (R option) have an integrated device that heats sonic transducers in
order to prevent ice forming and ensure correct operation even in the presence of snow.
The heater power supply is separated from the instrument’s main power supply.
Heating needs 10…30 Vdc power supply and 6 W power. The heat circuit is switched on below
+4 °C. After switching on, the heating is switched off when the temperature exceeds +8 °C.
Reference of female
connector solder side
Instrument
power supply
Heater
power supply

HD52.3D… - 20 - V3.0
6CONFIGURATION
Configuration mode allows reading the instrument general info (firmware version, serial num-
ber, …) and setting the instrument operating mode and operating parameters. The configura-
tion of the instrument can be done:
•With the aid of HD 2.3D-S application software (see the software online help), down-
loadable from Delta OHM website.
•By sending serial commands (listed in paragraph 6.1) via a standard communication pro-
gram, setting the following parameters in the program: 115200 (baud rate), 8N2, flow
control none.
•Only for some settings, in MODBUS-RTU mode via the “Holding Registers”.
For the connection to a C USB port, use the optional RS52 or RS51K adapting cables (see
paragraph 5.3.6 e 5.3.7).
Accessing configuration mode
The instrument can communicate with the HD52.3D-S application software or a standard serial
communication program only if it is in configuration mode, factory default, unless otherwise
requested.
If the instrument is not set in configuration mode but in one of the available operating modes
(NMEA, MODBUS-RTU or ASCII proprietary), to enter configuration mode:
•Send within 10 seconds from power on (if the instrument is already powered, discon-
nect and reconnect the power supply) the serial command @, if a standard communica-
tion program is used, or the request of connection with the HD 2.3D-S application soft-
ware, if the application software is used (see below for the physical interface to use).
Note: if the instrument is in MODBUS-RTU operating mode and the possibility to access
configuration mode in the first 10 seconds has been disabled (see CGT serial command),
this procedure cannot be used; in this case see the next point.
•If the instrument is set to immediately activate the MODBUS-RTU mode upon power up
(see CGT serial command), write 208 (decimal value) in the holding register 10000;
this activates the configuration mode for 10 seconds, within which the serial command
@, if a standard communication program is used, or the request of connection with the
HD 2.3D-S application software, if the application software is used, must be sent on the
current physical interface (e.g. RS485) using the communication parameters 115200
8N2.
Physical interface at power up
During the first 10 seconds from power up, the instrument waits for the serial command @ or
the request of connection with the HD 2.3D-S application software on the following physical
interface:
•The one set with the CU0I
(*)
command (or the HD52.3D-S software: “Instrument settings
 Configuration” window), if the instrument is set in configuration or MODBUS-RTU mode.
The default interface is RS232; the other settable interfaces are RS485 and RS422.
•RS232, if the instrument is set in ASCII proprietary, NMEA or SDI-12 mode.
(*)
The interface set with CU0I is active from power up starting from the instrument firmware revision
2.30. In previous revisions, the interface at power up was alwa s RS232.
Physical interface in configuration mode
After entering configuration mode, the instrument uses the interface set with the CU0I com-
mand.
If you enter configuration mode from MODBUS-RTU mode (using the holding register 10000),
the instrument continues to use the same physical interface used in MODBUS-RTU.