GREISINGER GMH 3830 User manual

H60.0.11.6C-16
GHM Messtechnik GmbH • Standort Greisinger
Hans-Sachs-Str. 26 • D-93128 Regenstauf
+49 (0) 9402 / 9383-0 +49 (0) 9402 / 9383-33 [email protected]
as of version 2.1 Operating Manual GMH 3830
Resistive material moisture and
temperature measuring Instrument
keep for future reference
WEEE-Reg.-Nr. DE 93889386
GMH 38 Series
Materialfeuchte / material moisture

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Index
1GENERAL ADVICE..................................................................................................................................................3
2INTENDED USE........................................................................................................................................................3
2.1 SAFETY SIGNS AND SYMBOLS................................................................................................................................3
2.2 SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS .........................................................................................................................................3
3PRODUCT DESCRIPTION......................................................................................................................................4
3.1 SCOPE OF DELIVERY ..............................................................................................................................................4
3.2 OPERATING AND MAINTENANCE...........................................................................................................................4
3.3 START UP AND READINESS FOR OPERATION..........................................................................................................4
3.4 CONNECTIONS .......................................................................................................................................................5
3.5 DISPLAY ELEMENTS ..............................................................................................................................................5
3.6 PUSHBUTTONS.......................................................................................................................................................5
4DEVICE CONFIGURATION...................................................................................................................................6
5SOME BASICS OF PRECISION MATERIAL MOISTURE MEASURING......................................................7
5.1 MOISTURE CONTENT UAND WET-BASIS MOISTURE CONTENT W........................................................................7
5.2 SPECIAL FEATURES OF THE DEVICE.......................................................................................................................7
5.3 AUTO-HOLD FUNCTION.........................................................................................................................................7
5.4 AUTOMATIC TEMPERATURE-COMPENSATION ('ATC') ...........................................................................................7
5.5 MEASURING IN WOOD:MEASURING WITH TWO MEASURING-NEEDLES.............................................................8
5.6 MEASURING OTHER MATERIALS ..........................................................................................................................8
5.6.1 ‘Hard‘ Materials (concrete or similar): Measuring with brush-type probes (GBSL91 or GBSK91)..............8
5.6.2 ‘Soft‘ Materials (polystyrene or similar): Measuring with Measuring-rods or -pins (GMS 300/91).............8
5.6.3 Measuring bulk cargo, bales and other special measures.............................................................................8
5.7 MEASURING OF MATERIALS,HAVING NO CHARACTERISTIC CURVES STORED ......................................................9
6HINTS FOR SPECIAL FUNCTIONS .....................................................................................................................9
6.1 MOISTURE EVALUATION ('WET' -'MEDIUM' -'DRY').....................................................................................9
6.2 PRE-SELECTION OF FAVOURITE MATERIALS ('SORT')............................................................................................9
7OUTPUT ...................................................................................................................................................................10
7.1 INTERFACE -BASE ADDRESS ('ADR.') .................................................................................................................10
7.2 ANALOGUE OUTPUT –SCALING WITH DAC.0 AND DAC.1................................................................................10
8APPLICATION IN THE GLUED TIMBER CONSTRUCTION ACC. TO DIN 1052-1 (MPA CERTIFIED).................................10
9FAULT AND SYSTEM MESSAGES.....................................................................................................................11
10 INSPECTION OFT THE ACCURACY / ADJUSTMENT SERVICES .........................................................11
11 MEASURING PRECISION ................................................................................................................................11
12 SPECIFICATION.................................................................................................................................................12
13 DISPOSAL NOTES..............................................................................................................................................12
14 APPENDIX A: SORTS OF WOOD....................................................................................................................13
15 APPENDIX B: ADDITIONAL MATERIALS...................................................................................................18
15.1 MEASURING OF BUILDING MATERIALS ............................................................................................................18
15.2 MEASURING OF AGRICULTURAL BULK CARGO................................................................................................18
15.3 ESTIMATION OF ADDITIONAL MATERIALS .......................................................................................................18

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
1 General advice
Read through this document attentively and make yourself familiar to the operation of the device before you
use it. Keep this document in a ready-to-hand way in order to be able to look up in the case of doubt.
2 Intended use
The device is suitable for the measurement of moisture content and temperature.
The measurement is done using appropriate electrodes and cables. The electrodes are connected via a BNC
or thermocouple connector.
The safety instructions of these operating manual must be followed (see below).
The device may be used only under the conditions and for the uses for which it was designed.
The device must be treated carefully and used according to the technical data (do not throw, hit, etc.).
Protect against contamination
2.1 Safety signs and symbols
Warning notices are marked in this manual as shown in table 1:
DANGER
Warning! Symbol warns of impending danger, death, serious
bodily injury or serious property damage if ignored.
Attention! Symbol warns of potential hazards or hazardous
situations that can cause damage on the equipment or the
environment if ignored.
Note! Symbol indicates incidents that have an indirect impact on
the operation or can trigger an unforeseen reaction if ignored.
table 1
2.2 Safety Instructions
This device has been designed and tested in accordance to the safety regulations for electronic devices.
However, its trouble-free operation and reliability cannot be guaranteed unless the standard safety measures
and special safety advises given in this manual will be adhered to when using it.
1. Trouble-free operation and reliability of the device can only be guaranteed if it is not subjected to any
other climatic conditions than those stated under “Specification”.
Transporting the device from a cold to a warm environment condensation may result in a failure of the
function. In such a case make sure the device temperature has adjusted to the ambient temperature
before trying a new start-up.
2. Whenever there may be a risk whatsoever involved in running it, the device has to be
switched off immediately and to be marked accordingly to avoid re-starting. Operator safety
may be a risk if:
- there is visible damage to the device
- the device is not working as specified
- the device has been stored under unsuitable conditions for a longer time
In case of doubt, please return device to manufacturer for repair or maintenance.
3. Do not use this product as safety or emergency stop device or in any other application
where failure of the product could result in personal injury or material damage.
Failure to comply with these instructions could result in death or serious injury and material
damage.
DANGER
DANGER

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
3 Product description
3.1 Scope of delivery
GMH 3850
9V battery type IEC 6F22
Operating Manual
3.2 Operating and Maintenance
1. Battery Operation
The battery has been used up and needs to be replaced, if “bAt“ is shown in lower display. The
device will, however, continue operating correctly for a certain time.
The battery has been completely used up, if ´bAt´ is shown in the upper display.
2. The battery has to be removed, when storing device above 50°C.
We recommend to remove the battery if device is not used for a longer period of time!
Risk of leakage!
3. Treat device and probes carefully. Use only in accordance with above specification. (do not throw, hit
against etc.). Protect plugs and sockets from soiling.
4. Mains Operation
When using a power supply unit please note that operating voltage has to be 10.5 to 12 V
DC. Do not apply over voltage!! Simple 12V-power supplies often have excessive no-load
voltage. We, therefore, recommend using regulated voltage power supplies. Trouble-free
operation is guaranteed by our power supply GNG10/3000.
Prior to connecting the plug power supply with the mains supply make sure that the
operating voltage stated at the power supply is identical to the mains voltage.
5. Cable break or no connected / too dry / highly insulating material:
There may still corresponding %-values are displayed
- This shall not constitute a valid test result!
3.3 Start up and readiness for operation
After switching on the instrument, a self test is performed (approximately 5 seconds).
During this time all display segments are shown.
After this sequence the instrument changes to measuring operation and is ready for use.

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3.4 Connections
1.
Output: Operation as interface: Connect to optically isolated
interface adapter (accessory: GRS 3100, GRS3105 or
USB3100)
Operation as analogue output: Connection via suitable cable.
Attention: The output mode has to be configured (p.r.t 2.7)
and influences battery life!
2.
Sensor-connection: BNC
3.
Temperature-probe-connection: Thermocouple type K
(NiCr-Ni) for temperature-compensation with an external
temperature-probe
4.
The mains socket is located at the left side of the instrument.
3.5 Display Elements
1 = Main Display:
Currently measured material moisture
[percent moisture content]
HLD: Measure value is ‘frozen‘ (Button 6)
2 = Auxiliary Display:
Currently selected material
(or temperature when pressing Button 3)
Blinking display: Displayed value is out of
specified range (wood 8..40%u)
Special display elements:
3 = Moisture
evaluation:
Evaluation of the material condition: via top
arrows: DRY - MEDIUM - WET
4 = Warning triangle:
Indicates low battery
5 = “%u” or “%w”
Displays unit: moisture content u or wet
basis moisture content w
6 = T external-arrow
Appears if an external temperature-probe is
connected and automatic temperature
compensation is activated.
All remaining arrows have no function in this version.
3.6 Pushbuttons
Key 1:
On/Off key
Key 4:
Set/Menu
press (Menu) for 2 sec.: configuration will activated
Key 2, 5:
During measure: select a material
p.r.t.: limitation of the material selection,
List of selectable materials:
Appendix A; Appendix B
With manual temperature compensation:
When displaying temperature (call via button 3
‚Temp‘):
Input of temperature
up/down for configuration:
to enter values or change settings
Key 6:
Store/:
-Measurement:
with Auto-Hold off: Hold current measuring value ('HLD' in display)
with Auto-Hold on: Start a new measure, which is ready when 'HLD' appears in the
display
refer to chapter 5.3 Auto-Hold Function
-Set/Menu or temperature input:
confirming of selected input, return to measure
Key 3:
During the measure: shortly displaying temperature or changing to temperature input.

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4 Device Configuration
For configuration of the device press "Menu"-key (key 4) for 2 seconds, the first menu will be shown.
Choose between the individual values that can be set by pressing the "Menu"-key (key 4) again.
The individual values are changed by pressing the keys "" (key 2) or "" (key 5).
Use key "Store/" (key 6) to leave configuration and to store settings.
Parameter
Values
Meaning
key Menu
keyor 
p.r.t.
Sort: limitation of the material selection
off:
Unrestricted material selection via key 2 and 5
1...8:
Material selection in-between 1 up to 8 selectable materials
....
selectable materials (not available if Sort = off)
Select the desired material that should be available during
the measure via key 2 and 5.
Generic Settings
Arrow bottom left
points to “%u”
Moisture display = moisture content [%u]
Arrow bottom left
points to “%w”
Moisture display = wet-basis moisture content [%u]
°C
All temperature values are in degrees Celsius
°F
All temperature values are in degrees Fahrenheit
oFF
Atc off: temperature input for compensation via keys
5.4
on
Atc on: temperature compensation via internally measured temperature
or external probe
oFF
Auto HLD off: continuous measuring.
5.3
on
Auto-HLD on: when reaching a stable measuring result, this will be
frozen with-HLD. When pressing the store-key a new measure will be
initiated. If logger is switched on (‚Func CYCL‘, ‚Func Stor‘): device
works like setting would be “auto-HLD off”
1...120
Power-off delay in minutes.
Device will be automatically switched off as soon as this time has
elapsed if no key is pressed/no interface communication takes place
oFF
Power-off function inactive (continuous operation, e.g. mains operation)
oFF
Function of the output: No output function, lowest power consumption
SEr
Output is serial interface
dAC
Output is analogue output 0...1V
01, 11 ... 91
Base Address when Output = Serial Interface :
Base address of device for interface communication.
7.1
0.0 ... 100.0%
Enter desired moisture value at which the analogue output potential
should be 0V
7.2
0.0 ... 100.0%
Enter desired moisture value at which the analogue output potential
should be 1V
7.2
The settings will be set to the settings ex works, if keys ‘Set‘ and ‘Store‘ are pressed
simultaneously for more than 2 seconds.

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
5 Some basics of precision material moisture measuring
5.1 Moisture Content uand Wet-Basis Moisture Content w
Depending on the Application one of the two units is necessary.
Carpenters, joiners and the like commonly use the moisture content u (sometimes referred to as MC).
When evaluating firewood, wood chips etc., the wet basis moisture content w is needed.
The instrument can be configured to both of the values. Please refer to chapter “configuration“.
Moisture content u or MC (relative to dry weight) = dry basis moisture content (mind the arrow at left
bottom!)
The unit is %, sometimes used: % MC.
The unit expresses the moisture content like calculated below:
Moisture content u [%] = (weightwet - weightdry) / weightdry *100
Or: Moisture content u [%] = (weightwater) / (weightdry) *100
weightwet: weight of the wet material
weightwater: weight of water in the wet material
weightdry: oven-dry weight of material
Example: 1kg of wet wood, which contains 500g of water has a moisture content u of 100%
Wet-Basis Moisture Content w (relative to total weight, mind the arrow at left bottom!)
The wet-basis moisture content expresses the ratio of the mass of water to the total mass of the substance. The
ratio is represented by the following equation (the unit is % as well):
wet-basis moisture w[%] = (weightwet - weightdry) / weightwet *100
Or: wet-basis moisture w[%] = (weightwater) / weightwet *100
Example: 1kg of wet wood, which contains 500g of water has a moisture content u of 50%
5.2 Special features of the device
466 wood specimens and 28 building materials are stored directly in the memory of the device:
Thus more exact measurements could be reached than with common devices with group selections would ever
reach. Even the usage of complex conversion tables for building materials won’t be necessary any more!
Example: Common wood-moisture-measuring-devices use one single group for spruce and oak, in reality the
deviation of these characteristic curves is more than 3%! (Base for this statement are complex statistical surveys,
considered measuring range 7-25%). This random error will not occur for the whole GMH38xx series, with the
help of individual characteristic curves highest resolution is achieved.
Extreme wide measuring range: 0-100% (depending on characteristic curve) percent moisture content in wood.
Moisture evaluation: Additionally to the measuring value, an individual moisture evaluation will be displayed
simultaneously.
5.3 Auto-Hold Function
Particularly when measuring dry wood, electrostatic charges and other similar noise could dither the measuring
value. With activated auto-hold function the device will acquire an exact measuring value automatically. During
that, the device could be put down to avoid noise through discharge of the clothing etc. After having acquired the
measuring value, the display will change to ‘HLD’: The value will be frozen as long as a new measuring is initiated
by pressing button 6 (store).
5.4 Automatic temperature-compensation ('Atc')
An exact temperature compensation is important for a reliable wood-moisture-measuring. These devices feature a
high quality thermocouple-input for type k thermocouples. Thus you could connect common surface-temperature-
probes –The needed measuring-time ‘afield’ will be drastically lowered compared to common (non-surface-
)temperature-probes
The used temperature-value therefore is:
Menu
Used temperature-value
Aux. Display
Atc on
Temperature-probe connected
Temperature-measuring through connected probe
Display-arrow
‘T extern‘
No temperature-probe connected
Device-internal temperature-measuring
Atc off
Independent from
temperature-probe
Manual input of temperature: shortly press Temp-Button
then use (button 2) or (button 5) to input the
temperature confirm selection with ‘Store‘(button 6)
When connecting a probe that is not insulated you must have to observe not touching the
wood or the electrodes nearby the unshielded electrode. We suggest using our insulated
probe GTF38 (already included in standard case sets SET38HF and SET38BF).

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5.5 Measuring In Wood: Measuring With Two Measuring-Needles
Normally wood is measured with measuring-needles. Used electrodes: impact-electrode GSE91 or GSG91,
reciprocating piston electrode GHE91. For measuring wood, punch in the measuring-needles across to the wood-grain,
having a good contact between the needles and the wood (measuring along wood-grain deviates minimal)
Select correct wood-sort (refer to Appendix A).
Ensure measuring the correct temperature.(refer to 5.4)
Hint: The special GTF38 temperature-probe can be stuck into a hole punched in with the
electrode before (see picture on left).Now read the measuring-value or when having
activated the auto-hold-function initiate a new measuring by pressing Store/(button 6) .
The measured resistance will be extremely high when measuring dry wood (<15%) thus
the measuring will need more time to achieve its final value. Among other things static
discharge could momentarily falsify the measuring. Therefore beware of static discharge
and wait long enough until a stable measuring value is displayed (unstable: „%“ blinking)
or use the auto-hold-function (see chapter 5.3 Auto-Hold Function).
Most accurate measurements can be carried out within the range of 6 to 30%.
Beyond this range the acquirable accuracy will lessen, but the device will deliver
reference values still sufficient for the practitioner.
Reciprocating piston
electrode GHE91 with
temperature-probe GTF38
It is measured between the measuring-needles insulated among each other. Requirements for an exact measurement:
-choose right correct place to measure: place should be free of irregularities like resin–clusters, knurls, rifts, etc.
-choose correct depth: Recommendation for trimmed timber: punch in the needles up to 1/3 of the material
thickness.
-Perform multiple measurements: the more measurements will be averaged, the more exact the result will be.
-Pay attention to temperature-compensation: the temperature-probe should be measuring the temperature of the
moisture-measuring-place when measuring with external temperature-probe (Atc on).
Without temperature-probe: let the device adapt to the temperature of the wood (Act on) or enter the exact
temperature manually (Act off).
Frequent sources of errors:
-Attention with oven-dried wood: the moisture dispersion may be irregular, often in the core is more moisture than on
the edge.
-Surface-moisture: The wood-edge could be more humid than the core if the wood had been stored outside and e.g.
was in rain.
-Wood preservative and other treatment could falsify the measuring.
-Fouling at the connections and round the needles could result in erroneous measurement, especially with dry wood.
5.6 Measuring Other Materials
5.6.1 ‘Hard‘ Materials (concrete or similar): Measuring with brush-type probes (GBSL91 or GBSK91)
Drill two holes with Ø6mm (GBSK91) or Ø 8mm (GBSL91) at intervals of 8 to
10cm into the material to be measured. Do not use edgeless drills: the
resulting heat will evaporate the moisture which will result in faulty measures.
Wait for at least 10min, blow out the holes to clean them from dust. Apply
conductivity compound on the brush-type probes and stick them into the holes.
Choose correct material (see Appendix B: Additional materials), read the
measuring value. Observe that the holes dry out by-and-by, and the device will
measure a value too low, if you want to use them several times.
This effect can be compensated by using conductivity compound: insert
profuse conductivity compound between the holes and the brush-type probe,
and let the electrode stick in the hole for about 30min before measuring (with
the device switched off ). Temperature-compensation plays no role when using
the building material measuring.
with brush probe GBSL91
5.6.2 ‘Soft‘ Materials (polystyrene or similar): Measuring with Measuring-rods or -pins (GMS 300/91)
Useable electrodes: impact electrode GSE91 or GSG91, reciprocating piston electrode GHE91.
Procedure as described in chapter measuring in wood.
5.6.3 Measuring bulk cargo, bales and other special measures
Usable probes e.g. injection probe GSF 40, GSF 50 (GSF 38) or measuring rods GMS 300/91 mounted on
GSE91 or GSG91.
Measuring of splints, wood chips, insulating material and similar –GSF 40 / GSF 50:
When using injection probes or measuring pins oscillating movements have to be avoided when pushing in the
probes. Otherwise hollows between the probes and the material may falsify the measuring. The material should
be sufficiently compressed. When in doubt repeat the measuring a few times: the highest measuring value is the
most exact one. Especially when using the injection probe pay attention having a foulness-free plastic insulator
(situated immediately underneath the measuring-needle).
Measuring bale of straw and hay bale –GSF 40 (GSF 38/50): Always inject the electrodes form the plain side
of the bale, never from the round side, the probe can be inserted much more slightly, esp. when using GSF 38/50.

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5.7 Measuring of materials, having no characteristic curves stored
Choose the representative universal material group „h.A“, „h.b“, „h.c“ and „h.d“(for example corresponding to
A,B,C and D of the GHH91) if a conversion table exists.
Attention: The moisture evaluation wet/dry of these material groups is only valid for wood!
Please keep in mind the following when using the temperature-compensation:
Automatic temperature-compensation should always be activated when measuring wood (Act on), with all
other materials the automatic temperature-compensation should be switched off (Act off) and a manual
temperature of 20°C should be entered.
Additionally at GMH 3850: The GMH3850 can store up to 4 additional user characteristic curves. For this
the corresponding reference point measurements for the respective material has to be carried out, from
which the exact moisture content has to be dedicated with the Darr-Probe or the CM-Method. The Results
can be stored in the device with the help of the GMHKonfig-Software, and can be accessed by the device
directly.
6 Hints for special functions
6.1 Moisture evaluation ('WET' - 'MEDIUM' - 'DRY')
Additionally to the measuring value, an individual moisture estimation will be displayed simultaneously. This
moisture evaluation is only a guidance value, the final evaluation is depending on the application of the
material e.g:
Cement floor pavement ZE, ZFE without additives: Readiness without floor heating at 2,3% with floor heating 1,5%
Anhydrit floor pavement AE, AFE: Readiness without floor heating at 0,5% with floor heating 0,3%
Also firewood may be already usable while instrument still displays ‘wet’!
Corresponding Standards and Instructions must be observed!
The Device can only complement the skill of a tradesman or investigator but cannot replace it!
6.2 Pre-selection of favourite materials ('Sort')
A pre-selection of different materials (up to 8) can be selected from the menu for an effective working with
the device. For example you can set the Menu Sort to 4 and save the desired materials in Sor.1, Sor.2, Sor.3
and Sor.4 if you only measure 4 different materials. Please refer to chapter limitation of the material
selection.
Only the 4 desired materials can be selected via the buttons up and down, when exiting the menu, a
changing during the measurement can be done comfortably. All materials will be available when setting Sort
to off. Sor.1 to Sor.4 will still be available in the ‘background’, when setting the menu Sort to 4 the limited
selection of the 4 entered materials will be active again. You only want to measure one material: set the
menu Sort to 1 you cannot change to another material, thus a faulty operation is impossible.

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7 Output
The output can be used as serial interface (for GRS3100 or GRS3105 interface adapters) or as analogue
output (0-1V). If none of both is needed, we suggest to switch the output off, battery life then is extended.
7.1 Interface - Base Address ('Adr.')
By using an electrically isolated interface converter USB3100, GRS3100 or GRS3105 (accessory) the device
can be connected to a PC.
With the GRS3105 it is possible to connect up to 5 instruments of the GMH3000 family to a single interface
(please also refer to GRS3105-manual). As a precondition the base addresses of all devices must not be
identical, make sure to configure the base addresses accordingly (refer menu point “Adr.” in chapter 4.
In order to avoid transmission errors, there are several security checks implemented (e.g. CRC).
The following standard software packages are available for data transfer:
EBS20M/ -60M: 20- / 60-channel software to record and display the measuring values
GMHKonfig: Software for a comfortable editing of the device (e.g. Material selection…)
In case you want to develop your own software we offer a GMH3000-development package including
- an universally applicable 32bit Windows functions library ('GMH3000.DLL') with documentation that can
be used by all 'serious' programming languages.
- Programming examples for Visual Basic 6.0™, Delphi 1.0™, Testpoint™, Labview™
The Device has 2 Channels:
- Channel 1: Material-moisture in % and base-address
- Channel 2: Temperature
Supported Interface-functions:
1
2
Code
Name/Function
1
2
Code
Name/Function
x
X
0
read nominal value
x
x
202
read unit of display
x
X
3
read system status
x
x
204
read decimal point of display
x
12
read ID-no.
x
205
read extended measuring type in display
x
X
176
read min measuring range
x
208
read channel count
x
X
177
read max measuring range
x
x
214
read scale correction
x
X
178
read measuring range unit
x
x
215
set scale correction
x
X
179
read measuring range decimal point
x
x
216
read zero displacement
x
X
180
read measuring type
x
x
217
set zero displacement
X
194
set display unit
x
222
read turn-off-delay
x
X
199
read measuring type in display
x
223
Set turn-off-delay
x
X
200
read min. display range
x
240
Reset
x
X
201
read max. display range
x
254
read program identification
The measuring and range values read via interface are always in the selected display
unit (°C/°F)!
7.2 Analogue Output –Scaling with DAC.0 and DAC.1
With the DAC.0 and DAC.1 values the output can be rapidly scaled to Your efforts.
Keep in mind not to connect low-resistive loads to the output, otherwise the output value will be wrong and
battery life is decreased. Loads above ca 10kOhm are uncritical.
If the display exceeds the value set by DAC.1, then the device will apply 1V to the output
If the display falls below the value set by DAC.0, then the device will apply 0V to the output
In case of an error (Err.1, Err.2, no sensor, etc.) the device will apply slightly above 1V to the output.
Plug wiring:
GND
The 3rd contact has to be left floating!
Only stereo plugs are allowed!
+Uout
8 Application in the glued timber construction acc. to DIN 1052-1 (MPA certified)
The instrument with its curve h.460 (Fir) was certified by the MPA Stuttgart (Otto Graf institute) for
applications in the glued timber construction according to DIN 1052-1 with the following equipment:
-measuring cable GMK38
-reciprocating piston electrode GHE91 (recommended) or impact electrode GSE91
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