Hanna Instruments HI 84181 User manual

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Instruction Manual
HI 84181
ISE Potassium
Meter
www.hannainst.com

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All rights are reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part is prohibited without the written consent of the
copyright owner, Hanna Instruments Inc., Woonsocket, Rhode Island, 02895 , USA.
Dear Customer,
Thank you for choosing a Hanna product. This manual will provide you with the necessary
information for the correct use of the instrument. Please read it carefully before using the meter. If
you need additional technical information, do not hesitate to e-mail us at [email protected].
This instrument is in compliance with directives.
TABLE OF CONTENTS
PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION................................................................................................. 3
GENERAL DESCRIPTION ........................................................................................................ 3
SPECIFICATIONS................................................................................................................... 5
PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION .................................................................................................... 5
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................................................................................... 6
START UP ............................................................................................................................ 7
GUIDE TO DISPLAY CODES ..................................................................................................... 8
TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT ............................................................................. 14
MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE .............................................................................................. 14
FUSE REPLACEMENT .......................................................................................................... 16
ELECTRODE CONDITIONING AND MAINTENANCE .................................................................. 16
ACCESSORIES .....................................................................................................................19
WARRANTY........................................................................................................................19
MODEL IDENTIFICATION
Two models are available:
HI 84181-01 - 115 Vac power supply
HI 84181-02 - 230 Vac power supply
WARRA (NTY

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PRELIMINARY EXAMINATION
Please examine this product carefully. Make sure that the instrument is not damaged. If any
damage occured during shipment, please notify your Dealer.
Each HI 84181 instrument is supplied complete with:
• Reagents set for 20 tests
• One 2000 µL automatic pipette
• Six plastic tips for the 2000 µL automatic pipette
• Two 50 mL beakers
• HI 61014 Potassium half cell
• HI 5315 Reference half cell
• HI 7662-T Temperature probe
• Stir bar (2 pcs)
• Power cable
• HI 7076 Refilling solution (4×30 mL)
• One 1 mL syringe
• One 1 mL pipette
• Instruction sheet
• Instruction manual
Note:Save all packing material until you are sure that the instrument works correctly.
Any defective item must be returned in its original packing.
GENERAL DESCRIPTION
The HI 84181 is a low cost, easy to use, potassium ISE instrument that performs automatic analysis
with all the necessary calculations assuring to the user a simple and effective interface.
The instrument comes with a powerful and effective built-in algorithm to analyze the shape of the ISE
electrode response and to determine the reaction completion.
By simply pressing the Start key, the instrument performs automatic analysis, all the necessary
calculations and verifications. The result is immediately displayed in convenient units, then the
instrument is ready for another measurement.

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SIGNIFICANCE OF USE
Potassium ion (K+) is absorbed in vine from earth. Unlike other essential nutrients potassium
remains in ionic form and passes to the grapes.
Potassium ion is by far the most important ion that can be found in wine with concentrations
between 0.7-2 g/L (ppt) and is mostly deriving from grapes.
Potassium ion is greatly influencing the taste of wine, the absence of potassium ion giving a sour
taste of wine.
The alcohol content and low temperature make potassium to precipitate as potassium bitartrate.
Red wines have an increased content of potassium compared to white wines because the phenols
inhibit the precipitation of potassium bitartrate in the red wine.
The HI 84181 ISE Potassium meter measures the potassium content in wine using an ion selective
electrode. The used method is double standard addition, a simple and rapid method of analysis, and
the result is readily displayed in g/L K+(ppt).
Above 2.5 g/L the instrument provides information about the approximate potassium content.

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PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION
The determination of potassium concentration is made according to double standard addition method.
This technique enables an unknown concentration and the electrode’s slope factor to be determined
simultaneously.
The Automatic Temperature compensation is available using HI 7662-T temperature probe. By
setting the electrode isopotential point and enabling temperature compensation option in Setup
menu, the obtained concentration is temperature compensated.
The accuracy of the obtained result depends on the stability of the mV reading in every step of the
measurement.
Three selectable stability criteria can be selected in Setup menu. Select Medium or Accurate
criteria in order to have accurate analysis.
Range 0.0 to 5.0 g/L (ppt) K+
Resolution 0.1 g/L (ppt) K+
Accuracy ±5% of reading (see note)
Sample volume 50 mL
Temperature Compensation Automatic from 0 to 80 °C
Electrodes HI 61014 Potassium half cell
HI 5315 Reference half cell
Temperature Probe HI 7662-T (included)
LOG feature 50 samples
Stirring speed 500 rpm
Environment 0 to 50 °C (32 to 122 °F); max 95% RH non-condensing
Power supply 220V/50Hz; 10VA
Dimensions 208 x 214 x 163 mm (8.2 x 8.4 x 6.4") (with beaker)
Weight 2200 g (77.6 oz.)
Note: Above 2.5 g/L the instrument provides information about the approximate potassium content.
REQUIRED REAGENTS
Code Description Quantity/Test
HI 84181-0 ISA 2 mL
HI 84181-1 Standard 1 2 mL
HI 84181-2 Standard 2 2 mL
SPECIFICATIONS

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REAR PANEL
5) Potassium half cell 10) Temperature probe socket
6) Reference half cell 11) BNC electrode connector
7) Temperature probe 12) Power switch
8) Electrode holder 13) Fuse
9) Reference socket 14) Power cable connector
FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION
FRONT PANEL
INSTRUMENT DESCRIPTION
1) Graphic LCD
2) Functional keys
3) Keypad
4) Electrode holder

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KEYPAD DESCRIPTION
1) ESC - to leave the current screen and to return either to the previous screen or to the
main screen. In the setup parameter modifying mode by pressing ESC the value is
not modified.
2) - to modify a parameter value, to scroll the information from the instrument’s setup
3) HELP - to access/leave the instrument’s contextual help
4) - to modify a parameter value, to scroll the information from the instrument’s setup
5) Functional Keys
START UP
• Place the instrument on a flat table. Do not place the instrument in direct sunlight.
• Connect the instrument to mains socket with ground connection and the correct voltage and
frequency. See the label on the instrument rear for this.
• Connect the HI 61014 potassium half cell, the HI 5315 reference half cell and the HI 7662-T
temperature probe.
• Turn the instrument ON using the power switch from the rear panel of the instrument and
wait until main screen is displayed.

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When the input reading is unstable.
When the stirrer is on.
Temperature warning (only if the “Temperature compensation” is disabled). The
warning symbol will be displayed if the temperature difference between the temperature of
the sample confirmed at the first step and the subsequent readings is greater than 3 °C.
Measure screen
Press ESC at any moment during the measurement cycle and
the instrument will return to the main screen.
Press Pause to pause the measurement process.
Press Stir to start/stop the stirrer.
If the difference between the temperature of the sample
confirmed at the first step and the subsequent readings is
greater than 3°C and the temperature compensation feature is
disabled in Setup, the temperature warning icon will blink
and the message “WARNING: Large temperature change!”
will be displayed.
Main screen display
Press Setup to acces the instrument’s setup.
Press RCL to view logged data.
Press Start to begin a new measurement cycle.
Press HELP at any moment to view the contextual help.
Measure screens
Icons from the stirrer and reading status area
GUIDE TO DISPLAY CODES
During the instrument’s operation a series of informations are displayed on the LCD.
1) current time information area
2) instrument status area
3) functional keys area
4) stability criteria
5) stirrer and reading status area
Conditioning screen
A two minutes conditioning period is initiated.
Press Continue to stop the conditioning period and skip the
message.

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Result screen
The ion concentration is displayed in g/L (ppt) K+. If the
concentration is out of range, the instrument displays the upper
range limit blinking.
Press LOG to save the measured concentration. A message
indicating the free log space will be displayed for a few seconds.
If the free log space is under 10% this message will be
permanently displayed.
Press Start to begin a new measurement cycle.
Wrong slope screen
This screen appears if the computed slope isn’t in the
acceptable range. The acceptable range is 30% to 140%
default slope (53mV/decade).
Press Start to begin a new measurement cycle.
Add standard screen
Add the corresponding standard. Press READ to start the next
step analysis if “Reading confirm” option is enabled in the
Setup menu. If “Reading confirm” option is disabled, the
instrument will start the next step analysis.
Wrong standard error screen
This screen is displayed if step 2 and 3 of the current reading is
out of ±2000mV range or if the difference between the stable
readings from the current and the previous step is too small
(±3mV) or, if in auto confirm mode, the standard addition is
not detected.
Wrong input error screen
This screen is displayed if the current reading is out of
±2000mV range.
Pause screen
Press Resume to continue the measurement process.
Press Stir to start/stop the stirrer.
Sample reading confirm screen (only if this feature is enabled
in setup)
Press CFM to memorize the reading.

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Setup screens
Stability criteria
Options: Accurate, Medium, Fast.
Press the corresponding functional key to select the desired option.
Select Accurate for accurate measurements; long duration.
Select Medium for normal measurements.
Select Fast only for quick estimations; low accuracy in short time.
While in the Setup menu it is possible to modify the instrument’s parameters. By pressing the
/keys it is possible to move between the Setup options. Each menu item displays the
current option. Press HELP to view the contextual help.
Temperature compensation
Options: Enable, Disable
Enable this feature only if HI 7662-T temperature probe is
connected and electrode isopotential point is known.
If enabled, the meter will take into account the temperature of
the readings when evaluating the final result.
If disabled, the computed concentration will not be temperature
compensated.
Press the functional key to select the desired option.
Isopotential point
Options: 1.0 to 50.0 mg/L (ppm).
Press Modify to access the isopotential point concentration
modify screen.
Press /to increase/decrease the isopotential point concentration.
Press Accept to confirm the value or ESC to return to the
Setup menu without saving.
If the temperature compensation feature is disabled the
meter will display “None” for the isopotential point, and the
isopotential point modify screen cannot be accessed.
Concentration unit
Options: g/L, ppt
Press the corresponding functional key to select the desired
concentration unit to be used in displaying measurements results.

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Time format
Options: AM/PM or 24 hours.
Press the functional key in order to change the time format.
Date/Time modify screen
Press
/ to select the value to be modified (year, month,
day, hour, minute or second) and then press /in order to
increase/decrease the value.
Press Accept to confirm the new values or ESC to return to
Setup menu without saving.
Date format
Press Modify to access the date format modify screen.
Date/Time
This option is used to set the instrument’s date and time.
Press Modify to access the date/time modify screen.
Press /
or / in order to increase/decrease the
display’s contrast.
Press Accept to confirm the value or ESC to return to Setup
menu without saving.
Contrast
Options: 0 to 20.
Press Modify to access the contrast value modify screen.
Press /
or /in order to increase/decrease the display’s
backlight intensity.
Press Accept to confirm the value or ESC to return to the
Setup menu without saving.
Backlight
Options: On-Off, 1 to 8 levels.
Press Modify to access the backlight modify screen.

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Language
Options: Up to four languages
This option is used to change the instrument’s display language.
Press the corresponding functional key in order to select the
new option. If the new selected language cannot be loaded,
the previously selected language will be kept. The HELP
information is not available if no language file can be loaded.
Reading confirm
Options: Enable, Disable
Enable this feature to manually confirm a stable reading. If
disabled, the instrument will automatically store a reading
when it becomes stable, and move to the next step of the
measurement cycle.
Press the functional key in order to select the new option.
Beep status
Options: Enable, Disable
This option enables/disables the beep feature.
Press the functional key in order to select the new option.
When enabled, beep sounds as a short beep every time a key
is pressed or when the reading must be confirmed.
In auto confirm mode the instrument will beep until the
standard addition is detected.
A long beep alerts that the pressed key is not active.
Press /or in order to select the desired date format.
Press Accept to confirm the desired date format or ESC to
return to the Setup menu without saving.
Meter information
Press Select to view the firmware version, language version,
mV factory calibration date and time and temperature factory
calibration date and time.

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Displays the list of all the memorised results. This list
includes the record’s number, the concentration value, the
concentration unit and the date.
Press /to toggle between the stored records.
Press Delete to erase the currently selected record from the
instrument’s memory. After pressing Delete the instrument
will ask for confirmation. Press CFM to delete the record or
ESC to return to the previous screen without deleting.
Deleting a record will reorganise the list of records.
Press Delete All to erase all the stored records. After pressing
Delete All the instrument will ask for confirmation. Press
CFM to delete all the records or ESC to return to the previous
screen without deleting.
Press More to view a complete set of data corresponding to the
selected record. To return to the previous screen press ESC.
Press /to toggle between complete record information
screens.
If the log is empty the message “No Records!” will be
displayed.
Recall screens

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MEASUREMENT PROCEDURE
• Fill the beaker up to the 50 mL mark with sample.
Use the 2000 µL automatic pipette to add 2 mL of
HI 84181-0 ISA, place the stir bar into the beaker and
then place the beaker in the appropriate place on the
instrument top.
• Place the electrode holder on the top of the beaker
and secure it by turning clockwise.
• Immerse HI 61014 potassium electrode, HI 5315
reference and the HI 7662-T temperature probe
approximately 2 cm (0.8“) into the sample to be
tested paying attention to not touch the stir bar, and
press Start.
• Wait until the reading is stable, CFM key displayed, if
the “Reading confirm” option is selected, and then
press CFM. If the “Reading confirm” option is
disabled the instrument automatically memorizes the
reading when this is stable and waits to add standard.
Until the standard addition is detected the instrument
will beep if beeper is enabled in Setup.
TIPS FOR AN ACCURATE MEASUREMENT
The instructions listed bellow should be carefully followed during analysis to ensure best accuracy.
• Rinse the electrode pair with distilled or deionized water between samples, and blot dry with
a lab wipe or other soft disponible absorbent toweling.
• Select the adequate stability criteria.
• Analyse the wine sample at room temperature.

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Notes:
• If the reading is out of range, the upper range value is
displayed blinking.
• If the evaluated slope is out of 30-140 % range the
instrument displays “- - - -” and “Wrong slope” message.
• If auto confirm mode is selected and beep feature is
enabled, the instrument will beep after reading is
confirmed until the addition of the standard is de-
tected. If the addition of the standard is not detected
after a period of time between 10 to 20 minutes,
according with the stability criteria, “Wrong standard”
message will be displayed.
• Use the 2000 µL automatic pipette to add exactly 2 mL
of HI 84181-1 Standard when the meter asks for it. If the
instrument is not in auto confirm mode, press READ to
start next measurement step.
• Wait until the reading is stable, CFM key displayed, if
the “Reading confirm” option is selected, and then
press CFM. If the “Reading confirm” option is
disabled the instrument automatically memorizes the
reading when this is stable and waits to add standard.
Until the standard addition is detected the instrument
will beep if beeper is enabled in Setup.
• Use the 2000 µL automatic pipette to add exactly 2 mL
of HI 84181-2 Standard when the meter asks for it. If
the instrument is not in auto confirm mode, press
READ to start next measurement step.
• Wait until the reading is stable, CFM key displayed, if
the “Reading confirm” option is selected, and then
press CFM. If the “Reading confirm” option is
disabled the instrument automatically memorizes the
reading when this is stable and computes result.
• At the end of the measurement procedure the result is
displayed as g/L (ppt) K+.

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PREPARATION PROCEDURE
Preparation of potassium electrode:
• Remove the protective cap from the HI 61014 potassium sensor’s tip.
• Screw the potassium cell into the electrode body. Ensure the Sealing Ring is installed before
screwing.
• Due to shipping or storage the internal solution inside the sensing modules may have
developed an air pocket near the membrane. Gently shaking the sensor down (like the old
style mercury thermometers) will place the internal solution next to the membrane.
• Soak in potassium standard 10-2 M for at least half-hour before measurements in order to
optimize the sensor response.
ELECTRODE CONDITIONING & MAINTENANCE
FUSE REPLACEMENT
To change the fuse follow next steps:
• Disconnect the power cord from the rear panel of the
instrument.
• Pull out the fuse holder located near the power cord
connector.
• Replace the fuse with a similar one.
• Push the fuse holder with the fuse in the appropriate place.

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CLEANING PROCEDURE
• Rinse the potassium electrode with deionised water. Check to see if the small scratches have
been eliminated.
• Soak the potassium electrode in a standard for one hour.
• Rinse with deionised water and blot dry.
REFERENCE ELECTRODE CLEANING
• Drain the old filling solution, rinse with an adequate HI 7076 solution, drain, then refill
with HI 7076 solution.
• Do not use an electrode if cristalised salts are visible inside the electrode. Drain electrode,
disassemble and rinse internal body with deionised water. Reassemble and refill with fresh
refill solution.
• The internal chamber of this electrode is gell filled. If the electrode has been left dry for long
periods of time the gell may be dehydrated and stable measurements may not be
obtainable. Disassemble electrode and soak internal assembly in HI 7076 filling solution.
Verify the ceramic is wetted by the fill solution. Warming the solution slightly (50 °C)
before soaking will hasten this process. Permit the electrode to cool completely while
immersed in this solution.
QUICK CHECK OF THE ELECTRODE SLOPE
• Connect the electrode and the reference electrode to the instrument.
• Press and hold down ESC, and HELP keys simultaneously and power on the meter. Wait
until the instrument enters in the reading check mode.
• Place 50 mL of deionized water into the beaker with a stir bar.
Preparation of reference electrode:
• Unwrap ParafilmTM seal found over ceramic junction on inner stern of the reference electrod
and discard. This is only used for shipping.
• Rinse inner stern with deionized water making certain to wet o-ring found on the inner stern.
• Reassemble reference electrode by gently pushing the inner assembly into the outer body,
sliding spring down cable, and screwing cap into place.
• Remove fill hole cover and o-ring or fill hole spout.
• Using the dropper pipette provided, add a few drops of HI 7076 filling solution to the
reference electrode, wetting the o-ring and rinsing out the fill solution chamber.
• Holding the body of the electrode depress the black cap with your thumb. This permits the
fill solution to drain out of the body. Verify if the electrode returns to its original position.
(You may need to gently assist for this to occur).
• Tighten the electrode cap onto the body and fill electrode body with HI 7076 filling solution
until fill solution volume is just below fill hole.
• Place sensor and reference electrode into electrode holder and connect the Cable Connectors
to the instrument.
Note: During measurement always operate reference electrode with the fill hole open.

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PERIODIC MAINTENANCE
Inspect the electrode and the cable. The cable used for connection to the instrument must be
intact and there must be no points of broken insulation on the cable, or cracks on the electrode
stem or bulb. Connectors must be perfectly clean and dry. If any scratches or cracks are present,
replace the electrode. Rinse off any salt deposits with deionized water.
Add filling solution dosing to maintain a good head pressure. For optimal electrode response this
level should be maintained and not be allowed to drop more than 2-3 cm (1 inch below fill hole).
STORAGE PROCEDURE
The HI 61014 sensor can be stored in standards for short periods of time and should be stored
dry with the protective cap on, when not in use, for long periods of time.
The HI 5315 reference electrode may be stored in air or aqueous solutions between sample
measurements.
If the electrode will be used frequently and needs to be ready for use, take measures to prevent
evaporation of fill solution. Top off fill solution, replace o-ring, fill hole cover on the fill hole
opening, and place protective cap over junction tip. Store the electrode upright. Before using,
flush junction once and top off fill solution.
For long term storage, disassemble electrode and wash all salts from assembly with deionized
water. Wrap ceramic junction on inner stern in ParafilmTM or other sealing film. Store dry and
disassembled.
MALFUNCTIONING
Reading fluctuates or drifts:
Could be due to dirty or blocked reference electrode junction: follow the cleaning procedure
above. Repeat the measurement with a fresh potassium electrode.
Recommendations for Users
Before using this product, make sure that it is entirely suitable for your specific application and for the environment in which it is
used.
Operation of this instrument may cause unacceptable interferences to other electronic equipments, this requiring the operator to
take all necessary steps to correct interferences.
Any variation introduced by the user to the supplied equipment may degrade the instrument EMC performance.
To avoid damages or burns, do not put the instrument in microwave ovens. For yours and the instrument’s safety do not use or
store the instrument in hazardous environments.
Hanna Instruments reserves the right to modify the design, construction and appearance of its products
without advance notice.
• Add 1 mL of HI 84181-1 Standard. Record the mV value when stable.
• Add an additional 10 mL of HI 84181-1 Standard to the solution. Wait for the reading to
stabilize and record the mV value.
• The difference between the two recorded mV values give the slope of the electrode. An
acceptable value for this slope is 53 ± 4 mV.
• Press ESC to leave the reading check mode.

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REAGENTS
HI 7076 Electrode filling solution
HI 84181-20 Reagent set for 20 tests
HI 84181-0 ISA for Potassium electrode (500 mL)
HI 84181-1 Standard 1 for Potassium electrode (500 mL)
HI 84181-2 Standard 2 for Potassium electrode (500 mL)
OTHER ACCESSORIES
HI 61014 Potassium half cell
HI 5315 Reference half cell
HI 731316 Stir bar (5 pcs.)
HI 731342 Automatic pipette 2000 µL
HI 731352 Tips for 2000 µL automatic pipette (25 pcs.)
HI 740036P Beaker 50 mL (10 pcs.)
HI 740143 Syringe 1mL (6 pcs.)
HI 740144 Syringe tips (6 pcs.)
HI 741355P Capilary pipette
HI 7662-T Temperature probe
ACCESSORIES
WARRANTY
HI 84181 is warranted for two years against defects in workmanship and materials when used
for its intended purpose and maintained according to the instructions.
This warranty is limited to repair or replacement free of charge.
Damage due to accident, misuse, tampering or lack of prescribed maintenance is not covered.
If service is required, contact your dealer. If under warranty, report the model number, date of
purchase, serial number and the nature of the failure. If the repair is not covered by the warranty,
you will be notified of the charges incurred.
If the instrument is to be returned to Hanna Instruments, first obtain a Returned Goods
Authorization Number from the Customer Service Department and then send it with
shipment costs prepaid. When shipping any instrument, make sure it is properly packaged for
complete protection.
To validate your warranty, fill out and return the enclosed warranty card within 14 days from the
date of purchase.

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SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTSSALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS
SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTSSALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS
SALES AND TECHNICAL SERVICE CONTACTS
Australia:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
China:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Egypt:
Tel. & Fax [phone]
Germany:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Greece:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Indonesia:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Japan:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Korea:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Malaysia:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Singapore:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
South Africa:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Taiwan:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
Thailand:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
United Kingdom:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
USA:
Tel. [phone] • Fax [phone]
For e-mail contacts and a complete list of Sales and Technical offices, please see
www.hannainst.com .
MAN84181
10/06