Hitachi ZA3000 Series User manual

INSTRUCTION MANUAL
FOR
MODEL ZA3000 SERIES POLARIZED ZEEMAN
ATOMIC ABSORPTION SPECTROPHOTOMETER
(OPERATION MANUAL : FLAME ANALYSIS)
Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation
24-14, Nishi-Shimbashi 1-chome, Minato-ku, Tokyo, Japan
2nd Edition, December 2012
Copyright C Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation 2012. 1st Edition, 2012
All rights reserved. Printed in Japan. Part No. 7J1-9007-1 HF-TF (HK-HMS)

NOTICE:
1. Information contained in this document is subject to
change without notice for improvement.
2. This manual is copyrighted by Hitachi High-Technologies
Corporation with all rights reserved.
No part of this manual may be reproduced, transmitted
or disclosed to a third party in any form or by any means
without the express written permission of Hitachi
High-Technologies Corporation.
3. Hitachi High-Technologies Corporation assumes no
liability for any direct, indirect, or consequential damages
arising from use not described in this manual.
Utmost care must be exercised when using the
instrument.
4. This document does not provide any warranty or
permission for industrial properties or any rights to grant
license lawfully and without infringement.

PREFACE
We are grateful for your purchase of Hitachi ZA3000 Series
Polarized Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer.
The ZA3000 series atomic absorption spectrophotometer is an
instrument designed for elemental analysis.
This instrument is intended for use by persons having a
basic knowledge of chemical analysis. Analysis with this
instrument always requires the presence of an analyst
because it involves combustion of a flame or heating of the
atomizing furnace. Remember that improper use of the
analytical instruments, chemicals or samples would result
not only in wrong analytical data but also in consequences
adverse to safety such as personal injury.
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
This instruction manual consists of the three manuals below.
Maintenance manual for Hitachi ZA3000 series Polarized
Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer
Instruction manual for Hitachi ZA3000 series Polarized
Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer,
Flame Analysis edition
Instruction manual for Hitachi ZA3000 series Polarized
Zeeman Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer,
Graphite Furnace Analysis edition
General precautions on safety are described in the
maintenance manual. Be sure to read the maintenance
manual prior to using the instrument.
This instruction manual (flame analysis edition) describes how to
carry out flame analysis with Hitachi ZA3000 series polarized
Zeeman atomic absorption spectrophotometer.
Be sure to read through the manual before using the product.
For maintenance and graphite furnace analysis, refer to the
respective instruction manuals.

SAFETY - 1
SAFETY SUMMARY
Definition of Alert Symbol and Signal Word
Before using the ZA3000 Series Polarized Zeeman Atomic
Absorption Spectrophotometer, carefully read the safety
instructions given below.
The hazard warnings which appear on the warning labels on the
product or in the manual have one of the following alert headings
consisting of an alert symbol and a signal word DANGER,
WARNING or CAUTION.
: The alert symbol shown at left precedes
every signal word and is used to call
attention to a danger which may cause
personal injury potentially.
For evading possible injury or death,
every safety message that follows this
symbol shall be obeyed.
DANGER : Indicates an imminently hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, will result
in death or serious injury.
WARNING : Indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, can result
in death or serious injury.
CAUTION : Indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may
result in minor or moderate injury.
NOTICE : Indicates a potentially hazardous
situation which, if not avoided, may
result in damage to the product.
Precautions other than above are given in the manual using the
following signal word.
NOTE: Provides instructions for using the instrument
correctly, avoiding its trouble and ensuring exact
measurement.

SAFETY - 2
SAFETY SUMMARY
General Safety Guidelines
Precautions before Use
Before using the instrument, be sure to read this manual
carefully until you fully understand its contents.
Keep this manual in a safety place nearby so that it can be
referred to whenever needed.
Operate the instrument in the procedure given in this manual.
Be sure to understand and observe the safety instructions
given in this manual.
Be sure to observe the cautions indicated on the instrument
and in the manual. If this is neglected, personal injury or
instrument damage may be caused.
Be sure to follow the original usage of the product and the
usage specified in this manual.
Never attempt modification of the instrument, use of a part
other than specified and instrument operation with safety
devices released, because they are dangerous.
Do not perform operations other than those described in the
instruction manual. If any problem occurs on the instrument,
contact our sales representative or service office.
In analysis with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer,
flame ignition or graphite furnace heating is performed.
Be sure to carry out analysis in the presence of the analyst.
Unattended operation is prohibited.
When using chemicals for analytical operation, be sure to
provide proper ventilation of the laboratory room per local
requirements. Inadequate ventilation could endanger human
health.

SAFETY - 3
SAFETY SUMMARY
General Safety Guidelines (Continued)
Keep in mind that the hazard warnings in this manual and on
the instrument cannot cover every possible case, as it is
impossible to predict and evaluate all circumstances
beforehand. Therefore, just following the given directions
may be inadequate for operation. Be alert and use your
common sense.
Be sure to observe the above precautions strictly.
Otherwise, not only may correct analytical results be
unobtainable, but also personal injury may be caused.
Precautions on Use
In analysis with the atomic absorption spectrophotometer,
flame ignition or atomizer furnace heating is performed.
A fire or explosion may be caused if operation is carried on in
an abnormal condition such as abnormal sound, abnormal
odor, smoke or gas leak.
Be sure to carry out analysis in the presence of the analyst.
Avoid unattended operation.
If an abnormal condition such as abnormal sound, abnormal
odor, smoke or gas leak occurs, immediately turn off the
power supply, close the main valve of the gas cylinder and
take necessary safety measures. After that, contact our
service office.

SAFETY - 4
SAFETY SUMMARY
General Safety Guidelines (Continued)
Precautions on Installation, Maintenance and Relocation
The customer shall not attempt initial installation (upon
delivery) of the instrument.
For safe and exact use of the instrument, service personnel
trained and approved by us will carry out the installation.
Upon completion of installation, check if all the standard
accessories have been supplied.
Lack of a standard accessory or accessories may cause the
instrument to malfunction and compromise the safety.
If anything is missing or damaged or you have any question,
consult with the installer, or our sales representative or service
office.
The contents of maintenance by the customer are restricted to
the items described in this manual. Before maintenance,
read the relevant instructions carefully. Never attempt
maintenance not described in the manual. Failure to do so
could cause malfunction of the instrument or personal injury.
Avoid moving the instrument after installation. This might
result in deviation of the precisely adjusted optical system may
get out of order due to vibration, etc.
If a warning label is deteriorated due to secular change or
damaged, contact our service office.
Replace the life-limited parts of the instrument with new ones
at intervals specified in this manual. Otherwise, a failure
could occur to result in gas leak, water leak, electrical leak or
ignition. For other than the part replacement procedures to
be performed by the user as specified in this manual, refer
replacement servicing to the our sales representative or
service office.
When the instrument reached the end of its useful life, stop
using the instrument. Gas leak, water leak, electrical leak or
ignition may be caused if the instrument is used beyond the
useful life.

SAFETY - 5
SAFETY SUMMARY
Warning Indications in this Manual
Warning indications described in this manual and their locations
in it are listed below.
List of DANGER Indications
Malfunction of Pacemaker!
There is a danger of faulty operation of a pacemaker due to
the strong magnetic field produced.
A person who uses a pacemaker should not come within 1
meter of the instrument, or should avoid handling the
instrument altogether. (Sections 3 and 5 in this manual)

SAFETY - 6
SAFETY SUMMARY
List of WARNING Indications
Beware of High Voltage!
There is a danger of electric shock due to high voltage of
about 400 V. Touching the socket of the hollow cathode
lamp could result in fatal or serious injury.
Before replacing the lamp, be sure to turn OFF the lamp
current (click the lamp OFF button). (Section 1 in this manual)
Beware of Toxic Gas!
Inhalation of toxic gas could be injurious to human health.
Inhaling the vapor emitted from the sample may cause
inflammation of the respiratory tract.
Be sure to operate the ventilating fan to discharge the vapor
emitted from the sample through the exhaust duct.
(Sections 1, 3 and 5 in this manual)
Explosion due to Backfiring!
If water is not supplied to the drain trap, there is a danger of
explosion due to backfiring, or ignition due to gas leakage.
Be sure to supply the drain trap with water.
(Sections 1 and 5 in this manual)
Explosion due to Acetylide Formation!
If samples containing a large amount of copper, silver or
mercury are atomized, it may generate metal acetylide and
cause explosion due to backfiring with louse noise. Do not
measure samples containing a large amount of copper,
silver or mercury.
(Quoted from JIS K 0120 General rules for
atomic absorption spectrometry)

SAFETY - 7
SAFETY SUMMARY
List of WARNING Indications (Continued)
Explosion due to Perchloric Acid!
If metals (copper, silver and mercury) that form metal
acetylide and perchloric acid are contained in a sample
when using a high-temperature burner, they react in the
flame chamber and may result into explosions with loud
noise due to backfiring.
Do not measure samples containing metals that form metal
acetylide and perchloric acid when using a
high-temperature burner.

SAFETY - 8
SAFETY SUMMARY
List of CAUTION Indications
Strong Magnetic Fields!
Be careful not to let your hand get attracted to the magnet.
Do not bring metal objects including iron, such as a
screwdriver, near the magnet.
(Sections 3 and 5 in this manual)
Beware of Intense Light!
The hollow cathode lamp emits intense ultraviolet rays.
Directly gazing at the lamp could therefore result in
impaired vision. Do not look directly at the light from the
hollow cathode lamp. (Section 3 in this manual)
An intense ultraviolet light is radiated from the flame in
flame analysis, which could damage the eyes.
Be sure to wear protective goggles when using the
instrument.
And do not detach the window at the front of the flame
section when using the instrument.
(Section 3 in this manual)
Do Not Touch Hot Parts!
There is a danger of burns upon touching heated parts.
Especially the burner remains hot for a while even after
extinguishing the flame. When exchanging the burner, turn
off the flame, wait for more than 10 minutes, make sure the
burner is fully cooled down and change burners.
(Section 1 in this manual)
There is a danger of burns upon touching heated parts.
The glass window of the cover of the burner compartment,
backside of the cover, and parts around the burner remain
hot when the flame is ignited and even after extinguishing
the flame. For opening the cover of the burner
compartment, grip the knob of the cover.
(Section 3 in this manual)

SAFETY - 9
SAFETY SUMMARY
List of CAUTION Indications
Malfunction by Wrong Gas Type!
Hydrogen flame cannot be used by this instrument. Never
connect hydrogen gas to this instrument.
(Section 1 in this manual)
Deterioration of Burner Chamber by Chemicals!
A strong acid other than hydrochloric acid or hydrofluoric acid
may damage the burner chamber. Particularly avoid using
concentrated nitric acid, concentrated sulfuric acid or aqua
regia since they will corrode the chamber.
(Section 3 in this manual)
Strong Magnetic Fields!
The atomizer unit utilizes a magnet.
The strong magnetic field produced may cause damage to a
watch, magnetic card and so on.
Avoid bringing such objects near the magnet.
(Sections 3 and 5 in this manual)

- i -
CONTENTS
PREFACE
ABOUT THIS MANUAL
SAFETY SUMMARY ..................................................................................SAFETY-1
Definition of Alert Symbol and Signal Word..SAFETY-1
General Safety Guidelines ..............................SAFETY-2
Warning Indications in this Manual................SAFETY-5
List of DANGER Indications............................SAFETY-5
Malfunction of Pacemaker!................................SAFETY-5
List of WARNING Indications..........................SAFETY-6
Beware of High Voltage!....................................SAFETY-6
Beware of Toxic Gas!........................................SAFETY-6
Explosion due to Backfiring! ..............................SAFETY-6
Explosion due to Acetylide Formation!...............SAFETY-6
Explosion due to Perchloric Acid!.......................SAFETY-7
List of CAUTION Indications...........................SAFETY-8
Strong Magnetic Fields!.....................................SAFETY-8
Beware of Intense Light!....................................SAFETY-8
Do Not Touch Hot Parts!....................................SAFETY-8
List of CAUTION Indications ................................SAFETY-9
Malfunction by Wrong Gas Type! ......................SAFETY-9
Deterioration of Burner Chamber by
Chemicals!.........................................................SAFETY-9
Strong Magnetic Fields!.....................................SAFETY-9
1. START UP..............................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Check of Instrument..............................................1-1
1.2 Mounting of Hollow Cathode Lamps....................1-2
1.3 Supply of Gases.....................................................1-4
1.4 Power-on................................................................1-5
1.5 Power-on of Exhaust Duct....................................1-6
1.6 Basic Operation Flow............................................1-6
2. STARTUP OF SOFTWARE....................................................................................2-1
2.1 Startup of Atomic Absorption
Spectrophotometer Program................................2-1
2.2 Setting the Instrument Online...............................2-2
2.2.1 When [Communicate with Instrument
at Startup] is Selected ................................2-2
2.2.2 When [Communicate with Instrument
at Startup] is Not Selected..........................2-4

- ii -
2.3 Fundamental Operation of Software Windows ...2-5
2.3.1 Clicking and Double-clicking.......................2-5
2.3.2 Names and Functions of Window
Elements ....................................................2-5
2.3.3 How to Input Measurement Conditions.......2-7
2.3.4 Opening Files .............................................2-10
2.3.5 Saving Files................................................2-11
2.3.6 Asking for Help...........................................2-13
3. MEASUREMENT WITH CONDITIONS INPUT .......................................................3-1
3.1 Generation of Measurement Conditions..............3-1
3.1.1 Displaying the Method Window ..................3-2
3.1.2 Setting Measurement Mode........................3-2
3.1.3 Setting Analyte Element .............................3-2
3.1.4 Instrument Setup........................................3-4
3.1.5 Setting Analytical Conditions ......................3-8
3.1.6 Setting Standards Table.............................3-11
3.1.7 Setting Sample Table.................................3-15
3.1.8 Setting QC Conditions................................3-22
3.1.9 Setting Report Format................................3-23
3.1.10 Check of Analytical Conditions ...................3-23
3.2 Verification of Measurement Condition ...............3-25
3.3 Monitoring of Measurement Process...................3-26
3.4 Wavelength Adjustment........................................3-30
3.5 Check of Optical Axis of Atomizer .......................3-32
3.6 Supply of Cooling Water.......................................3-32
3.7 Ignition of Flame....................................................3-33
3.8 Start of Measurement............................................3-36
3.8.1 Preparation for Measurement.....................3-37
3.8.2 Start of Measurement.................................3-38
3.9 Change of Monitor Graph Display........................3-40
3.9.1 Trace..........................................................3-40
3.9.2 Grid ............................................................3-40
3.9.3 Signals/Change Scale................................3-41
3.9.4 Y-axis Auto-Scale.......................................3-43
3.9.5 Reset Scale................................................3-43
3.9.6 Print Graph.................................................3-43
3.9.7 Copy Graph................................................3-43
3.10 Clearing of Monitor Graph ....................................3-44
3.11 Changing the Display of a Profile Graph .............3-44
3.11.1 Display Mode..............................................3-44
3.11.2 Auto Scale..................................................3-44
3.11.3 Other Menus...............................................3-44

- iii -
3.12 Changing the Display of
a Working Curve Graph.........................................3-45
3.13 Termination of Measurement................................3-46
4. CHECKING THE RESULT......................................................................................4-1
4.1 Data Table ..............................................................4-2
4.1.1 Error Marks.................................................4-4
4.1.2 Correction of Operator,
Analysis Name, and Comment ...................4-5
4.2 Profile Graph..........................................................4-5
4.3 Working Curve Graph............................................4-10
4.3.1 Displaying Details of Working Curve ..........4-11
4.4 Saving and Printout of Result...............................4-14
4.4.1 Saving the Data..........................................4-14
4.4.2 Printout of Result........................................4-16
4.4.3 Printing Format of Profile............................4-19
4.5 Analysis and Recalculation of Data......................4-22
4.5.1 Deleting and Restoring Data.......................4-22
4.5.2 Exchanging Data........................................4-23
4.5.3 Changing Calculation Mode........................4-23
4.5.4 Changing the Concentration Correction
Factor.........................................................4-23
4.5.5 Changing Sample Name ............................4-23
4.5.6 Changing Sample Unit................................4-24
4.5.7 Changing Digits Below Decimal Point.........4-24
4.5.8 Editing Reagent Name ...............................4-24
4.5.9 Restoring the Recalculated Results............4-24
4.5.10 Detailed Display of Profile Graph................4-24
4.5.11 Specifying a Sample Blank.........................4-24
4.6 Use of the Data in Other Applications..................4-26
4.6.1 Output in Text Format or Excel Format.......4-26
4.6.2 Customize by MS Excel..............................4-26
4.6.3 Customizing the Template..........................4-27
5. USING VARIOUS FUNCTIONS..............................................................................5-1
5.1 Various Measurement Methods............................5-1
5.1.1 Absorbance Mode ......................................5-2
5.1.2 Standard Addition Method..........................5-3
5.1.3 Simple Standard Addition Method ..............5-6
5.2 Correction of Working Curve Drift
(Reslope Function)................................................5-9
5.3 Measurement under the Same Conditions
(Copy Method) .......................................................5-11
5.4 Using an Existing Working Curve ........................5-12
5.5 Insertion and Remeasurment of Sample .............5-14

- iv -
5.5.1 Insertion of Samples...................................5-14
5.5.2 Remeasurement.........................................5-15
5.6 Auto-Start...............................................................5-16
5.7 Auto-Flame Off.......................................................5-18
5.8 Emission Measurement.........................................5-19
5.9 Using Monitor Measuring Function......................5-22
5.10 Setting Automatic Start.........................................5-25
5.11 Power/Water Saving by Eco Mode .......................5-27
5.11.1 Setting Eco Mode.......................................5-27
5.11.2 Canceling Eco Status.................................5-28
5.12 Restoring Data Lost due to a Power Failure........5-31
6. USING THE QC FUNCTIONS ................................................................................6-1
6.1 Using Correlation Coefficient of Working Curve
(Check Working Curve).........................................6-3
6.1.1 Setting Procedure.......................................6-3
6.1.2 Contents to be printed on the report...........6-4
6.2 Using the Working Curve Range and RSD
(Check Sample)......................................................6-5
6.2.1 Setting Procedure.......................................6-5
6.2.2 Contents to be printed on the report...........6-6
6.3 Using the QC Sample (Check QC Sample) .........6-7
6.3.1 Setting Procedure.......................................6-7
6.3.2 Contents to be printed on the report...........6-9
6.4 Displaying QC Message........................................6-10
7. TERMINATING OR CONTINUING MEASUREMENT.............................................7-1
7.1 Changing the Analyte Element for Continuous
Measurement .........................................................7-1
7.2 Terminating Measurement....................................7-2
7.3 Closing AAS program............................................7-3
7.4 Closing Operations................................................7-5
7.4.1 Turning off Power Supply of PC and
Instrument ..................................................7-5
7.4.2 Final Steps .................................................7-5
8. INSTRUMENT DIAGNOSIS....................................................................................8-1
8.1 Items to Be Prepared by the User.........................8-2
8.2 Diagnostic Items....................................................8-3
8.3 Operation ...............................................................8-4
8.3.1 Preparation.................................................8-4
8.3.2 Setting of Conditions ..................................8-4
8.3.3 Preparation for Measurement.....................8-8
8.3.4 Start of Measurement.................................8-9

- v -
8.3.5 Checking and Saving the Diagnostic
Results .......................................................8-9
8.3.6 Output of Diagnostic Results......................8-11
9. TROUBLESHOOTING............................................................................................9-1
INDEX ................................................................................................................... INDEX-1

1.1
1 - 1
1. STARTUP
The procedure below should be implemented prior to supplying
power to the spectrometer.
1.1 Check of Instrument
On the main unit of atomic absorption spectrophotometer,
perform the following checks.
(1) Is each unit of the instrument (main unit, PC, and optional
accessories such as autosampler) connected properly?
For cable connection, coolant piping and gas piping, refer
to the maintenance edition.
(2) Is the burner head installed correctly?
For details refer to the maintenance edition of the manuals
for the ZA3000.
(3) Is the burner slot dirties or clogged?
(4) Is the drain receptacle (such as waste solution bottle)
filled?
(5) Is there a sufficient amount of the gases?
If the primary pressure of the acetylene gas drops to 0.5
MPa or lower, the solvent inside may flow out and damage
the piping or spectrophotometer. In such a case, replace
the gas cylinder with a new one.
(6) Is there enough paper in the printer?
Is there enough ink and toner as well?
For details refer to the instruction manual provided with
your printer.
WARNING
Explosion due to Backfiring!
If water is not supplied to the drain trap, there is a danger
of explosion due to backfiring, or ignition due to gas
leakage. Be sure to supply the drain trap with water.

1.2 Mounting of Hollow Cathode Lamps
1 - 2
CAUTION
Do Not Touch Hot Parts!
There is a danger of burns upon touching heated parts.
Especially the burner remains hot for a while even after
extinguishing the flame. Before exchanging the burner,
wait at least 10 minutes for it to cool down.
CAUTION
Malfunction by Wrong Gas Type!
Hydrogen flame cannot be used by this instrument.
Never connect hydrogen gas to this instrument.
1.2 Mounting of Hollow Cathode Lamps
Mount the hollow cathode lamps to be used for measurements.
Opening the cover of the lamp compartment exposes the lamp
turret. (Fig. 1-1) Make sure of no dirt on the top surface of the
hollow cathode lamp. If any dirt is attached, wipe it off with paper
or the like that does not leave fibers behind. Such dirt may cause
degradation of light intensity.
Fig. 1-1 Lamp Turret
Socket without
lamp being
mounted
Metal part of the
lamp (seal part)
Lamp holder plate
(lower)

1.1
1 - 3
WARNING
Beware of High Voltage!
There is a danger of electric shock due to high voltage of
about 400 V. Touching the socket of the hollow cathode
lamp could result in fatal or serious injury.
Before replacing the lamp, be sure to turn OFF the lamp
current (click the lamp OFF button).
NOTE: Prior to handling hollow cathode lamps, carefully read
the cautionary instructions provided with them.
When the power supply to the main unit of instrument is turned
off, the lamp turret can be turned manually. Mount hollow
cathode lamps at lamp positions Nos. 1 to 8 while turning the
lamp turret clockwise/counterclockwise by hand. In setting of
each hollow cathode lamp, be sure to match the position number
marked on lamp turret with the lamp holder number. For the
lamp vertical positioning, raise it to the position where the metal
part of the lamp (seal part closer to the lamp electrode) contacts
the lamp holder plate (lower).
Each unused socket for should be fitted to the lamp turret by
pinching it with the lamp holder plate on the upper level and the
plate spring.
NOTES: 1. An unused lamp socket should be secured by
fitting it to the receptacle at the top of the lamp
turret. If the lamp socket is not secured properly,
it may snag on another lamp and cause motor
malfunction or break a lamp.
2. The lamp made by Hitachi High-Technologies
should use HLA-4 type.
Since, as for the old products (HLA-3 type etc.),
the lamp code may be caught it cannot be used.
3. The lamp current values stored in this instrument
are those for the hollow cathode lamps made by
Hitachi High-Technologies.
If using the lamps of another manufacturer,
change the lamp current to the values
recommended for them.