HP HP-225 User manual

Scientific Calculator
Owner’'s Manual
HP-225
[bfi HEWLETT
PACKARD

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. List of equations
. Enter data when INPUT annunci-
ator is on
. Equation library
. Solve equations for any variable
. Evaluate equations
. Move through equation lists
. ON; clear display, cancel
operation
. Available memory, variables
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Change angular, decimal point
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Backspace
Clear portions of memory
Display format
Statistical functions
Enter statistical data

The Hewlett-Packard
calculator you've just
purchased will serve you
faithfully for many years.
Whether you're a student
or a seasoned professional,
your HP calculator will
help you solve the tough
problems your work
demands.
The Perfect Complement
to a New HP Calculator
HP’s Step-by-Step solutions
books are the closest thing
to having a custom
calculator at your fingertips.
These handy books offer a
variety of examples and
keystroke procedures to help
you set up your calculations the
way you need them.
Specific to a wide range of
topics within science and
engineering, these books will
help you with precisely the
problems you need to solve.
I’IHE HEWLETT
PACKARD
RPN SCENTIFIC
180yl
LY ¢ RCL
i
iRy
M
el
T
For the HP-22S:
Science Student Applications
(00022-90034)
B Solve mathematical problems in
algebra, trigonometry and linear
algebra.
B Perform common calculations in
calculus and analytic geometry.
® Learn methods for solving
problems in physics, chemistry,
thermodynamics, statics and
dynamics, and electrical
fundamentals.
B Learn advanced equation-writing
techniques.
$9.95
For the HP-32S:
Engineering Applications
(00032-90057)
B Solve problems in electrical
engineering: reactance chart,
impedence of a ladder network,
parallel RLC impedence, watts to
Db conversion, and impedence
matching.
B Perform mechanical engineering
calculations: black body radiation,
conduit flow, equations of motion,
I-beam section properties and
Soderberg’s equation.
® Calculate civil engineering
problems including Mohr’s circle for
stress, simple supported beams and
field angle traverse.
B Perform statistics calculations of
Chi-square, T statistics,
F distribution and analysis of
variance.
$9.95

Elegant Leather Cases
Protect your new HP-22S or HP-32S in style with a handsome
leather case.
Black (HP 92169K) $19.00
Brown (HP 92169L) $19.00
Burgundy (HP 92169M) $19.00
Owner’s Manuals
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Manuals for HP calculators are also available in a variety of
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MasterCard, Visa and American Express cards are welcome.
T |
Ve 1] VISA % w500
All prices are suggested U.S. list and are subject to change without notice.
/A cxciano

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HELP US HELP YOU!
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201 [] Mechanical Engineering
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401 [] Retail Computer Store
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5. How did you first hear about this model?
501 [] Previous HP Owner
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503 ] Magazine or Newspaper Advertising
504 ] Press Articles
407 [] Mail Order
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409 ] Purchased by Company/School
410 ] Directly from HP
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505 [] Direct Mail
506 ] Salesperson
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HP-22S
Scientific Calculator
Owner’s Manual
HEWLETT
(bfi] PACKARD
Edition 1 March 1988
Reorder Number 00022-90015

Notice
For warranty and regulatory information, see pages 150 and 153.
This manual and any keystroke programs contained herein are pro-
vided “as is” and are subject to change without notice. Hewlett-
Packard Company makes no warranty of any kind with regard to
this manual or the keystroke programs contained herein, includ-
ing, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability
and fitness for a particular purpose. Hewlett-Packard Co. shall not
be liable for any errors or for incidental or consequential damages in
connection with the furnishing, performance, or use of this manual or
the keystroke programs contained herein.
© Hewlett-Packard Co. 1988. All rights reserved. Reproduction, ad-
aptation, or translation of this manual, including any programs, is
prohibited without prior written permission of Hewlett-Packard Com-
pany, except as allowed under the copyright laws. Hewlett-Packard
Company grants you the right to use any program contained in this
manual in this calculator.
The programs that control your calculator are copyrighted and all
rights are reserved. Reproduction, adaptation, or translation of those
programs without prior written permission of Hewlett-Packard Com-
pany is also prohibited.
Corvallis Division
1000 N.E. Circle Bivd.
Corvallis, OR 97330, U.S.A.
Printing History
Edition 1 March 1988 Mfg. No. 00022-90016

Welcome to the HP-22S
Your HP-22S reflects the superior quality and attention to detail in
engineering and manufacturing that have distinguished Hewlett-
Packard products for more than 40 years. Hewlett-Packard stands
behind this calculator: we offer expertise to support its use (see inside
the back cover), accessories, and worldwide service.
Hewlett-Packard Quality
Our calculators are made to excel, to last, and to be easy to use.
® This calculator is designed to withstand the usual drops, vibrations,
pollutants (smog, ozone), temperature extremes, and humidity vari-
ations that it may encounter in normal, everyday use.
B The calculator and its manual have been designed and tested for
ease of use. We use spiral binding to let the manual stay open to
any page, and we include many examples to highlight the varied
uses of this calculator.
B Advanced materials and permanent, molded key-lettering provide a
long keyboard life and a positive feel to the keyboard.
B CMOS (low-power) electronics and the liquid-crystal display allow
the HP-22S to retain data while it is off, and let the batteries last a
long time.
® The microprocessor has been optimized for fast and reliable com-
putations. The calculator uses 15 digits internally for precise results.
B Extensive research has created a design that has minimized the ad-
verse effects of static electricity—a potential cause of malfunctions
and data loss in calculators.
Welcome to the HP-22S 3

Features
The HP-22S’s features reflect the needs and wishes we solicited from
customers:
B A 12-character, alphanumeric display that provides you with a va-
4
riety of information—messages, prompts, labels, and, of course,
numbers.
Menus that greatly expand the number of functions available and
make them easy to find.
A broad range of numeric functions, including coordinate, base,
and unit conversions.
The and functions, which allow you to compute the
value of any variable in an equation.
A library of built-in equations, and an equation list that lets you
store your own equations.
Statistical functions, including mean, standard deviation, weighted
mean, and linear regression and estimation.
Twenty-six storage registers, and enough memory to store statistical
data and your own equations.
Welcome to the HP-22S

Contents
11 How To Use This Manual
1 12 Getting Started
12 Power On and Off
12 The Display Contrast
12 Simple Calculations
15 Understanding the Display and Keyboard
15 The Cursor
i5 Correcting and Clearing the Display
((¢) and (<))
16 Annunciators
16 The @ (Shift) Key
16 Menus and Pointers
20 The Letter Keys and Variables
21 The Key
21 Introduction to the Math Functions
22 Display Mode and Format of Numbers
23 Specifying the Number of Displayed Decimal
Places
23 Scientific and Engineering Notation
25 Displaying All the Non-Zero Digits
25 Interchanging the Period and Comma
26 Showing Numbers (@[ sHow])
27 Range of Numbers
27 The MEM Function (@[ MEM])
27 Available Memory
28 The VARS (Variables) Catalog
28 Clearing Portions of Memory
Contents
5

28 Messages and the Attention Annunciator
29 Introduction to and [SOLVE
29 Writing and Entering an Equation
30 Evaluating an Equation
31 Solving an Equation
2 32 Arithmetic and Variables
32 Arithmetic Operators
33 Chain Calculations
33 Operator Priority
34 Using Parentheses in Calculations
36 Reusing the Previous Result (Jl[LAST])
36 Swapping the Displayed Number With the Previ-
ous Number
37 Variables (Registers)
39 Storage Arithmetic With Variables
40 The VARS (Variables) Catalog
40 Clearing Variables
3 41 Numeric Functions
42 Power and Logarithmic Functions
43 Reciprocal
43 Percent Functions
43 Percent
44 Percent Change
44 Pi (m)
45 Angular Modes
45 Trigonometric Functions
46 Angle and Hour Conversions
48 Polar /Rectangular Coordinate Conversions
50 Probability Functions
51 Hyperbolic Functions
52 Parts of Numbers
53 Unit Conversions
6 Index

54 Base Conversions and Base Arithmetic
54 Switching Base Mode
56 Representation of Numbers
57 Range of Hexadecimal, Octal, and Binary Numbers
58 Arithmetic Operations
60 Statistical Calcuilations
60 Entering Statistical Data
60 Entering Data for One-Variable Statistics
61 Entering Data for Two-Variable Statistics or
Weighted Mean
61 Correcting Statistical Data
62 Clearing Statistical Data
62 Statistical Calculations
63 One-Variable Statistical Calculations
64 Calculating the Population Standard Deviation
65 Linear Regression and Estimation
68 Weighted Mean
69 Summation Statistics
70 Evaluating and Solving Equations
70 An Example
72 Introduction to and Functions
73 Entering Your Own Equations
74 Viewing and Selecting Equations
74 Editing and Clearing Equations
75 Instructions for Using
76 Hints for Responding to Prompts
77 Instructions for Using
78 The Syntax of Equations
80 Equation Functions
87 How Works
87 Entering Your Own Initial Guesses
89 Halting and Restarting the Iteration
90 When Can’t Find a Solution
90 Obtaining More Information About
Results
Contents 7

7 91 The Equation Library
91 Doing Calculations With Library Equations
92 Length of a Line or Vector
93 Roots of a Quadratic Equation
94 Equations of Motion
97 Kinetic Energy
98 Force Between Two Obijects
99 Joule’s Law
100 Ideal Gas Law
102 Gibb’s Free Energy
102 Pressure of a Fluid
103 Radioactive Decay
104 Thin Lens Equation
106 Diffraction
107 Calculations Based on First-Order Linear Differen-
tial Equations
108 Root Mean Square
109 Time Value of Money
8 113 Additional Examples
113 Vector Calculations
113 Adding Two Vectors in Polar Coordinates
115 Angle Between Two Vectors
116 Projection of One Vector on Another
117 Laws of Sines and Cosines
120 Covariance
122 Non-Linear Curve-Fitting
124 Probability Calculations
126 Motion of a Projectile
129 The Catenary Equation
131 Distance Between Two Locations
132 Interest Rate Conversions
134 Time Value of Money Calculations
8 Index

Appendices & Index
A 140 Assistance, Batteries, Memory, and Service
140 Obtaining Help in Operating the Calculator
140 Answers to Common Questions
142 Power and Batteries
142 Low Power Indicator
143 Installing Batteries
145 Managing Calculator Memory
146 Resetting the Calculator
146 Clearing Memory
147 Environmental Limits
147 Determining if the Calculator Requires Service
148 Confirming Calculator Operation—the Self-Test
150 Limited One-Year Warranty
150 What Is Covered
150 What Is Not Covered
151 Consumer Transactions in the United Kingdom
151 If the Calculator Requires Service
151 Obtaining Service
152 Service Charge
152 Shipping Instructions
153 Warranty on Service
153 Service Agreements
153 Regulatory Information
153 Radio Frequency Interference
B 155 More About Solving Equations
155 How Finds a Root
157 (SOLVE]’s Ability To Find a Root
158 Interpreting Results
163 When Cannot Find a Root
170 Round-Off Error and Underflow
C 171 Equations Used by HP-22S Functions
171 General Functions
172 Statistical Functions
Contents 9

173 Messages
176 Function Index
184 Subject Index
10 Index

How to Use This Manual
The HP-22S is designed to minimize your need to use the manual. In
fact, we’ve written the manual to help you learn about the calculator
by using it.
We have some suggestions for using the manual effectively:
® Read chapter 1 for an overview of how the HP-22S works. It intro-
duces terms and concepts used throughout the manual.
B There are several ways to locate information: the table of contents,
the subject index, and function index.
B Browse through the examples in chapters 7 and 8. You may see a
keystroke example you can use. Just as important, you may find
some ideas for putting the HP-22S to work for you.
How to Use This Manual 11

Getting Started
Power On and Off
The HP-22S is powered by three alkaline batteries. The calculator is
shipped with batteries installed.
To turn on the calculator, press (the key above the “ON” label). To
turn the calculator off, press the @ (shift) key, then (also written
B 0FF)). Since the calculator has Continuous Memory, turning it off
does not affect the information you’ve stored. To conserve energy, the
calculator turns itself off approximately 10 minutes after you stop us-
ing it.
Under most conditions, the calculator’s batteries last well over a year.
If you see the low-battery symbol (&) in the display, replace the
batteries as soon as possible. See appendix A for instructions.
The Display Contrast
To change the display contrast, hold down and press or [-].
Simple Calculations
This section introduces simple arithmetic calculations. See chapter 2
for additional information.
If you make a typing mistake, press [¢] to backspace to the wrong
character.
12 1: Getting Started