HP 9000 Series 300 Operation instructions

Device I/O and User Interfacing
HP-UX Concepts and Tutorials
HP 9000 Series 300/800 Computers
HP Part Number 97089-90057
FliOW HEWLETT
a!e. PACKARD
Hewlett-Packard Company
3404 East Harmony Road, Fort Collins, Colorado 80525

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Copyright © Hewlett-Packard Company, 1989
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or with alterations, is expressly prohibited.
Copyright © AT&T, Inc. 1980, 1984
Copyright © The Regents of the University of California 1979, 1980, 1983
This software and documentation is based in part on the Fourth Berkeley Software
Distribution under license from the Regents of the University of California.

Printing History
This manual printing date and part number indicate its current edition. The
printing date will change when a new edition is printed. Minor changes may be
made at reprint without changing the printing date. The manual part number
will change when extensive changes are made.
September 1989
... Edition 1. This edition supersedes manual part number
97089-90054. The current edition contains all information previously contained
in the Device I/O and the Curses and Terminfo tutorials. In addition, the
manual reflects the following changes:
• Examples in the Device I/O tutorial have been updated to reflect
changes for
the 7.0 release.
• The Curses and Terminfo tutorial now includes 16-bit character
support.
• The NLS t.utorial has been removed and placed in a separate manual,
HP-UX Native Language Support (97089-90058).
iii

Contents
1.
Interfacing Concepts
Variation Between
Computer Systems .
1-1
Manual Organization 1-2
DIL Interfacing Subroutines 1-3
Linking DIL Routines. 1-3
Calling DIL Routines from Pascal 1-3
Calling DIL Routines from FORTRAN
1-4
General Interface Concepts 1-5
Definition 1-5
Interface Functions 1-6
Handshake I/O . 1-7
Handshake Output 1-7
Handshake Input 1-7
HP-IB Protocol 1-8
The HP -IB Interface 1-9
General Structure 1-9
Handshake Lines 1-10
Bus Management Control Lines 1-13
ATN: The Attention Line 1-14
IFC: The Interface Clear Line 1-14
REN: The Remote Enable Line 1-14
EOI: The End or Identify Line. 1-14
SRQ: The Service Request Line 1-15
The GPIO Interface 1-15
2. General- Purpose Routines
Background Basics 2-2
Interface Special Files . 2-2
Entity Identifiers (eid) 2-2
Contents-1

Programming Model . . . . .
General-
Purpose Routines . . .
Additional Series 300 Routines
Opening Interface Special
Files. .
Closing Interface Special Files . .
Low-Level Read/Write Operations
Example
......... .
Designing Error Checking Routines
The errno Variable . . .
Using errno . . . . . .
The errno.h Header File
Displaying
err no
Error Handlers .
Resetting Interfaces .
Locking
an Interface
Controlling
I/O Parameters
Setting I/O Timeout . .
Setting Data Path Width
Setting Minimum Data Transfer Rate
Setting the Read Termination Pattern
Termination on Byte Count . . . .
Termination on Hardware Condition
Termination on Data Pattern
Disabling a Read Termination Pattern
Determining Why a Read Terminated.
Example ........... .
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Series 300 and 800 Interrupt Support
HP-IB Interrupts
GPIO Interrupts
io_on_interru pt
io_interrupt_ctl
3. Controlling the HP-IB Interface
Overview of HP-IB Commands
UNLISTEN .. .
UNTALK ... .
DEVICE CLEAR
Contents-2
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-4
2-6
2-7
2-9
2-10
2-10
2-10
2-10
2-11
2-12
2-13
2-14
2-15
2-16
2-17
2-19
2-19
2-20
2-20
2-20
2-23
2-24
2-25
2-27
2-27
2-27
2-28
2-28
2-31
3-2
3-4
3-4
3-5

LOCAL LOCKOUT ~5
SERIAL POLL ENABLE 3-5
SERIAL POLL DISABLE 3-5
TRIGGER (Group Execute Trigger) 3-5
SELECTED DEVICE CLEAR. . 3-6
GO TO LOCAL . . . . . . . . 3-6
PARALLEL POLL CONFIGURE 3-6
PARALLEL POLL ENABLE 3-6
PARALLEL
POLL DISABLE . 3-6
Overview of HP-IB DIL Routines. 3-7
Standard DIL Routines . . . 3-7
HP-IB:
The Computer's Role 3-9
Ground Rules . . . . . . 3-9
Available Subroutines versus Controller Role . 3-9
Bus Citizenship: Surviving Multi-Device/Multi-Process
HP-IB . . . . . 3-11
io_lock
and io_ unlock 3-12
io_burst . . . . . . 3-12
hpib_io . . . . . . 3-12
Opening the HP-IB Interface File. 3-13
Sending HP-IB Commands 3-13
Errors While Sending Commands . 3-16
Changing
Parity on Commands 3-17
Active Controller Role
..... 3-17
Determining Active Controller . 3-18
Setting Up Talkers
and Listeners 3-19
Auto-Addressing . . . . . . 3-19
Using hpib_send_cmnd . . . 3-22
Calculating Talk
and Listen Addresses 3-23
An Example Configuration 3-24
Remote Control of Devices 3-
25
Locking Out Local Control 3-25
Enabling Local Control 3-26
Triggering Devices
3- 26
Transferring Data 3-27
Data Output. . 3-27
Data Input 3-29
Clearing
HP -IB Devices 3-30
Contents-3

Responding to Service Requests
Monitoring
the SRQ Line . .
Processing the Service Request
Parallel Polling. . . . . . . .
Configuring Parallel Poll Responses
Disabling Parallel Poll Responses
Conducting a Parallel Poll . . . .
Errors During Parallel Polls . . .
Waiting For a Parallel Poll Response
Calculating
the mask
Calculating
the sense
Example .... .
Serial Polling ... .
Conducting a Serial Poll .
Errors During Serial Poll
Passing Control . . . . .
What If Control Is Not Accepted?
Errors While Passing Control
Controlling the ATN Line . . . . .
Changing the Interface Bus Address
System Controller Role . . . . .
Determining System Controller .
System Controller's Duties
hpib_abort ....... .
hpib_ren_ctl . . . . . . . .
Errors During hpib_abort and hpib_ren_ctl
The Computer As a Non-Active Controller
Checking Controller
Status
Requesting Service . . . . . . .
Errors While Requesting Service
Responding to Parallel Polls . . .
Calculating
the Response . . .
Limitations of hpib_card_ppolLresp
Error Conditions . . . . . .
hpib_ppolLresp_ctl. . . . .
Disabling Parallel-Poll Response
Accepting Active Control . . .
Errors While Waiting on
Status
Contents-4
3-31
3-31
3-33
3-34
3-35
3-39
3-39
3-41
3-42
3-42
3-43
3-44
3-46
3-46
3-48
3-49
3-49
3-50
3-51
3-51
3-52
3-52
3-54
3-54
3-55
3-55
3-57
3-57
3-58
3-60
3-61
3-62
3-62
3-63
3-63
3-64
3-65
3-66

Determining When You Are Addressed . . . . . . .
Combining
I/O Operations into a Single Subroutine Call
Iodetail: The I/O Operation Template
The Mode Component
The Terminator Component
The Count Component
The Buf Component
Allocating Space . . . .
Example ...... .
Locating Errors in Buffered I/O Operations
4. Controlling the GPIO Interface
Interface Configuration . . .
Creating the GPIO Interface File
Interface Control Limitations
Using DIL Subroutines . . .
Resetting
the Interface
Performing Data Transfers.
Using Status and Control Lines
Driving CTLO
and CTLI
Reading STIO and STll . .
Controlling Data Path Width
Controlling Transfer Speed
GPIO Timeouts
Burst Transfers
Read Terminations . . . .
Determining Why a Read Operation Terminated
Specifying a Read Termination
Pattern
Interrupts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
A. Series 300 Dependencies
Location of
the DIL Subroutines
Linking DIL Subroutines
The GPIO Interface
Data Lines .. ...
Handshake Lines . . .
Special-
Purpose Lines .
Data Handshake Methods
3-67
3-72
3-73
3-73
3-75
3-75
3-76
3-76
3-77
3-79
4-1
4-1
4-2
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-5
4-6
4-7
4-8
4-8
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-9
4-9
A-I
A-2
A-2
A-2
A-2
A-3
A-3
Contents-5

Data- In Clock Source . . . . .
Creating
the Interface Special File
Creating
the Special File
pathname ..
major_number . . . .
minor_number . . . .
Creating
an HP-IB Interface File
Creating a
GPIO Interface File.
Effects of Resetting (via io_reset) . .
Entity Identifiers . . . . . . . . .
Restrictions Using
the DIL Subroutines
hpib_send_cmnd
hpib_status
io_reset . . .
io_speed_ctl .
io_timeout_ctl
Performance Tips
B. Series 800 Dependencies
Compiling Programs That Use DIL
Accessing
the Interface Special Files
Major Numbers . . . . . . . .
Minor Numbers
and Logical Unit Numbers
Listing Special Files
......... .
Naming Conventions for Interface Special Files
Creating Interface Special
Files. .
Hardware Effects on DIL Routines
hpib_rqst_srvce . . . . . . .
hpib_io
.......... .
hpib_atn_ctl, hpib-address_ctl, hpih_parity_ctl .
io_eoLctl .
io_reset . . .
io_speed_ctl .
io_timeout_ctl
io_width_ctl .
Return Values for Special Error Conditions
DIL
Support of HP-IB Auto-Addressed Files.
hpib_card_ppolLresp . . . . . . . . . .
Contents-6
A-3
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-4
A-5
A-5
A-6
A-7
A-7
A-7
A-7
A-8
A-8
A-8
A-8
A-9
B-1
B-2
B-2
B-2
B-3
B-4
B-5
B-6
B-6
B-6
B-6
B-6
B-7
B-7
B-7
B-7
B-8
B-8
B-10