Keithley 196 User manual

Artisan Technology Group is your source for quality
new and certied-used/pre-owned equipment
• FAST SHIPPING AND
DELIVERY
• TENS OF THOUSANDS OF
IN-STOCK ITEMS
• EQUIPMENT DEMOS
• HUNDREDS OF
MANUFACTURERS
SUPPORTED
• LEASING/MONTHLY
RENTALS
• ITAR CERTIFIED
SECURE ASSET SOLUTIONS
SERVICE CENTER REPAIRS
Experienced engineers and technicians on staff
at our full-service, in-house repair center
WE BUY USED EQUIPMENT
Sell your excess, underutilized, and idle used equipment
We also offer credit for buy-backs and trade-ins
www.artisantg.com/WeBuyEquipment
REMOTE INSPECTION
Remotely inspect equipment before purchasing with
our interactive website at www.instraview.com
LOOKING FOR MORE INFORMATION?
Visit us on the web at www.artisantg.com for more
information on price quotations, drivers, technical
specications, manuals, and documentation
Contact us: (888) 88-SOURCE | [e-mail] | www.artisantg.com
SM
View
Instra

Model 196
SystemDMM
Instruction Manual
Contains Operating and Servicing Infonnation
KEITHLEY
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

WARRANTY
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants this product to be free from defects in material and workmanship for aperiod of Iyear from ciate of
shipment.
Keithley Instruments, Inc. warrants the following items for
90 days from the date of shipment: probes, cables, rechargeable batteries,
diskettes, and documentation. -
During the warranty period, we will, at our option, either repair or replace any product that proves to be dcfcctive.-
To exercise this warranty, write or call your local Keithley representative, or contact Keithley headquarters in Cleveland, Ohio. You will
be given prompt assistance and return instructions. Send the product, transportation prepaid, to the indicated service facility. Repairs
will be made and the product returned, transportation prepaid. Repaired
or replaced products are warranted for the balance of the origi-
nal warranty period,
or at least 90 days.
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
This warranty does not apply to defects resulting from product modification without Keithley's express written consent, or misuse of
any product or part. This warranty also does not apply to fuses, software, non-rechargeable batteries, damage from battery leakage, or
problems arising-from norrilaf"wear or failure to (ollo-v;. instructions. ------ --
THIS WARRANTY IS IN LIEU OF ALL OTHEil.-WAIl.RANTIES, EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED, INCLUDING ANY IMPLIED
WARRANTY OF MERCHANTABILITY OR FITNESS FOR APARTICULAR USE. THE: REMEDIES PROVIDED HEREIN ARE
BUYER'S SOLE AND EXCLUSIVE REMEDIES.
NEITHER KEITHLEY INSTRUMENTS, INC. NOR ANY OF ITS EMPLOYEES SHALL BE LIABLE FOR ANY DIRECT, INDI-
RECT, SPECIAL, INCIDENTAL
OR CONSEQUENtIAL DAMAGES ARISING OUT OF THE USE OF ITS INSTRUMENTS AND
SOFTWARE EVEN IF KEITHLEY
INSTRUMENtS, INC., HAS BEEN ADVISED IN ADVANCE OF THE POSSIBILITY OF
SUCH DAMAGES. SUCH EXCLUDED DAMAGES~HALL INCLUDE, BUT ARE NOT LIMITED TO: COSTS OF REMOVAL
AND INSTALLATION, LOSSES SUSTAINED AS
THE RESULT OF INJURY TO ANY PERSON,OR DAMAGE TO PROPERTY.
KEITHLEY
Test Instrumentation Group, Keithl,ey Instruments, Inc.' 28775 Aurora Road' Cleveland, Onio 44139· [phone]' Fax: [phone]
CffiNA: KeithleyInstruments, Inc.· 3Holiday Inn Lido· Office Building 404C· Beijing, China, 100004 ·861-4362871 ·861-4362871
FRANCE: Keithley Instruments
SARL. 3Allee des Garnys· 8.1". 60·91 121 Palaisea~ Cedex· 01-60-11-51-55· Fax: [phone]
GERMANY: Keithlcy Instruments
GmbH. Landsberger Sir. 65.82110 Germering· 089-849307-0· Fax; 089-8.4930759
GREAT BRITAIN: Keithlcy Instruments. Ltd
.• The MinSler • 58 Portman Road· Reading, Berkshire RG3 lEA· 0734-575666· Fax: [phone]
ITALY: Keithley Instruments SRL· VJale S. Girnignano 38 •20146 Milario· 02~4830jOO:8· '-'hx; 02-48302274
JAPAN: Keithley Instruments Far East
KK· Sumiyosbi 24 Bldg., Room 201·2-24-2 Sumiyoshi-cho· Naka-ku, Yokohama 231 ·81-45-201-2246· Fax: [phone]
NETHERLANDS: Keithlc}' Instruments
BV· Avelingen Wes149· 4202 MS Gorinchem· Poslbus 559:· 4200 AN Gorinchem· 01830-35333· Fax: [phone]
SWITZERLAND: Keithley Instruments SA· Kriesbachslrasse 4•8600 Diibendorf· 01-821-9444· Pax: 01-820-3081
TAIWAN: Keithley Instruments Taiwan·
~rd Floor, Number 6· Section 3,.Mic Chuan East Road· Taipei, R.O.C.· 886-2-509-4465· Fax: [phone]
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

Model 196 System DMM
Instruction Manual
©1986, Keithl~y Instruments, Inc.
Test Instrumentation Group
All rights reserved.
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A
fourth Printing January 1992
Document Number: 196-901-01
Rev. 0
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

The following safety precautions should be observed before
using this
product and any associated instrumentation. Al-
though
some instruments and accessories would nonnally be
used withnon-hazardousvoltages, there are situati6Ii.swhere
hazardous conditions may be present
This product is intended for use by qualified personnel who
recognize shockhazards and arefamiliar with thesafety pre-
cautions required to avoid possibleinjury. Read theoperating
infonnation carefully beforeusing
the product.
Exercise extremecaution whenashockhazard is present. Le-
thal voitage may be present on cable connector jacks or test
fixtures. The American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
states
that ashock hazard exists when voltagelevels greater
than
30V RMS, 42.4V peak, or 60VDC are present. A good
safety practiceis to expect that hazardous voltageis present
in any unknown circuit before measuring.
Before operating an instrument, make sure the line cord
is
connected to aproperly grounded power receptacle. Inspect
the connecting cables, test leads, and jumpers for possible
wear, cracks, orbreaks before each use.
Formaximumsafety,
do not touch theproduct, testcables, or
any other instruments while power is applied to the circuit
under test. ALWAYS remove power from the entire test sys-
tem and discharge any capacitors before: connecting or dis-
connecting cables
or jumpers, installing or removing
switching cards, or making internal changes, such as install-
ing orremoving jumpers.
Do not touch any object that could provide acurrent path to
the common side of the circuit under test or power line
(earth) ground.Always make measurements with dry hands
while standing
on adry, insulated surface capable of with-
standing
the voltagebeingmeasured.
Safety Precautions
Do not exceed !:he maximum signal levels of the instruments
andaccessories,as defined in thespecificationsandoperating
infor.ma,tion ,and a$ shown on the instru_ment or test fixture
rear panel, or switching card.
Do not connect switching cards directly to unlimited power
circuits. They are intended to be used with impedance limit-
ed sources. NEVER connect switching cards directly to AC
main. When connecting sources to SW'itching cards, install
protective devices to limit fault current and voltage to the
card.
When fuses
are used. in aproduct, replace with same typeand
rating
for continued protection against fire hazard.
Chassis connections must only be used as shield connections
for measuring circuits, NOT as safety earth ground connec-
tions.
If you areusing atestfIXture, keep the lidclosedwhile power
isapplied to thedevice under test. Safeoperation requires the
use of alid interlock.
If a @screw is present on thetest fixture, connectit fo safety
earth
ground using#18 AWG or larger wire.
The fsymbol on an instrument or accessory indicates that
~1000V or more may be present on the tenninals. Refer to the
product manual for detailed operating information.
Instrumentation and accessories should notbe connected to
humans.
Maintenance should be performed by qualified service per-
sonnel. Before perforining any maintenance, disconnect the
line cord and all test cables.
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

SPECIFICATIONS
UNEARITY: Linearity is defined as themaximum deviation from astraight
line
between the readings at zero and full range: 10ppm of range for
3V-300V ranges; 15ppm of range for 300mV range; at 23
QC
±l
QC.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 300V rms, 425V peak, whichever is
less~
DC VOLTS
(6'12 Digits)
ACCURAcy
lTEMPERATURE
±(%rdg +counts) COEFFlctENT
INPUT 24 Hr./ 90 Days, 1Year, ±(%rdg +counts)/OC
RANGE RESOlUTION RESISTANq '23" .:l;JOC l8°.-2c&°C _18°_28"C 0"_18" &,: ~s.°-50°c;..
300 mV 100 nV >1 en 0.0020 +.2030.005 + 2.Cf 0.0.08 +2030.0006 +10
3 V 1 p.V >1 ,GO - --O~OO13 + 10 0.003 + 20 OJ)03$ +".w 0.0004 +1
3D. _V 10 p.V 11 MQ 0.0015 + 10 0.006 + 20 0.008 + 30 OJ)913" +3
300 V 100 p.V 10.1 MO 0.003 + 10 0.009 + 20 0+009 + 3d 0.0013 +- 1
lFor SVi-digit accuracy, divide count error byJO. For 4Yz-cUgit ae<:uracy, count error is 5(except 15 on 300mV range). For 3Y:z.digit
accuracy, count error is 5.
2Relative to calibration standards.
3When properly zeroed.
ANALOG SETTLING TIME: <1ms «2ms on 300mV range), to 0,01%
of step change.
CMRR: >UOdB at dc, 50Hz or 60Hz (±0,05%) with lldlin~eitherlea.d:
NMRR: >60dB at 50Hz or 60Hz (±0,05%),
TRMS AC VOLTS
(51.J~ Digits)
ACCURAcy
1
±(O/ordg +l:o.unts) 1YearTlS"-28°C _.'-~ __
0.01 dB
0,01 dB
REsqgmoN
3'
0:4
1,1
0.2
20Hz-20kHz INPUT
-34 to +49 dB
(20mV to 3OOV)
... 54 to -34 dB
(2mV to 2OmV)
ITypicaI.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (O"-18"C & 28"_50"0:
<±(0.1 xapplicable accuracy specification)/OC below 20kHzT
±(0.2x) for 20kHz to 100kHz.
CMRR: >60dB at 50Hz
or 60Hz (±0.05%) with 1kll in either lead.
dB (Ref.
~ IV): ACCURACY idB
1Year, 18"'-28"'C
20~z:-~09Jiliz.
RANGE RESOLUTION 20Hz-50Hz2SOHz-200Hz2200Hz-I0kHz2lQklh-20kHz2 20kllz~100~J
300 mV 1 p.V 2+ 100 0.3 +100 0.15 +100 0.4 ... 200 2.0 +300
3 V 10 p.V 2+100 0.3 +100 -0.15 +100 0.3 + 20IJ 1.5 +300
30 V 100 p.V 2+100 0.3 +100 0.15 + 100 OA 200 1.5 +300
300 V 1 mV 2+ 100 0_3 .+ 100 0.15 +100 OA ~OO 1.5 +300
lFo. 4th_dlgit accuracy, divide count error by 10. For 3lh-digit accuracy, count error is 5. In 3lh· and 4lh·digit modes, specifk.aHons
apply for inputs >200Hz. . --
2Por sinewave inputs >2,000 counts.
3For sinewave inputs >20,000 counts.
RESPONSE: True root mean square, ac coupled.
CREST FACTOR (ratio
of peak to rms): Up to 3:1 allowable.
NONSINUSOIDALINPUTS: For fundamental frequencies <1kHz, crest
factor <3,
add 0.25% of reading to specified accuracy for 300mV and
3V ranges; add 0.6% of reading to specified accuracy for 30V and 300V
ranges.
INPUT IMPEDANCE: IMll
shunted by <l20pF.
3dB BANDWIDTH: 300kHz typical.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 300V =, 425V peak, 10' V'Hz,
whichever is less.
SETTLING TIME: 1second to within 0.1%
of change in reading.
OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE: 5.5V maximum,
LINEARITY:Linearityis definedas the maximumdeviation from astraight
line between the readings at zero and full range: 20ppm of range for
3000-30kO ranges, at 23°C ±1°C.
OHMS
(61ft Digits)
ACCURAcy
lTEMPERATURE
± (o/ordg +counts) COEFFICIENT
NOMINAL 24 Hr.,s 9Q DaYI!l~ c1.'ye..ar,. .±(%rdg + countsWe
RANGE RESOLUTION l-SHORT )30. .,#l°C - 18°_28"'C- 18°_28°C 0°_18'" '*' ,2,8°,-9qoC
300 02100 p.O 1.7 rnA 0.0025 + 20
30.008 +
20
30.010 +
2Q3 _0.001 +7
3 kU
21
m.O: 1.7 rnA 0'.0025 + 20 0'.005 + ·20 0.007 + 20 0.0Q1 +1
30 ~ 10 mO 160 p.A 0.0025 +20 0.005 +20 0.007 +20 OJ10l +1
300 Idl 100 mIl 50 p.A 0.006 + 20 0.020 +20 0,021 +20 0.004 +1
3 MO 10 5 p.A 0.007 -+ 20 O.OW +20 0.021 + 20 0.004 +1
30
MO 10 00.5 p.A 0.06 +50 ILl +50 0.1 + -50 0.030. +.1
3OOM041 kO O.5..p.A 2.0 _+ 52.0 +52.0 +50.30 +1
lFor 5Vz-digit accuracy, divide count error by 10. For 41h-digif accuracy, count error is 5(except 15 on 3000: range). For 31h-digit
accuracy, count error is 5.
24-wire accuracy, 3000-30kO ranges.
3When properly zeroed.
4Resolution on 3OOMO range is limited to 5Yl digits.
5Relative to calibration standards.
CONRGURATlON: Automatic 2- or 4-'Wire. Offsetcompensationavailable
on 3OOQ-30kO ranges, requires proper zeroing. Allowable compensation
of ±10mV on 3OO11 range and ±100mV on 3kll and 30kll ranges,
MAX. ALLOWABLE INPUT: 300V rms, 425V peak, whichever is Jess.
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

DC AMPS ACCURAcY'
(5
'hDigits) ±
("/ordg H0unts)
RANGE _ RESOLUTION 1Year, 18°-28°C
MAXIMUM
VOLTAGE
BURDEN
MAXIMUM READING RATES1
DCV, DCA, ACV, ACA READINGS/SECOND
TRMS AC AMPS ACCURAcY'
M.AXIMUM
(SIn Digits) 1Year, ISO-28°C -VOLTAGE
RANGE RESOLUTION 20Hz-45Hz 45Hz-10klUBURDEN
ORM_S R,EADINGS1SECOND
Continuous into External Trigger into Triggered via
Internal Buffer Internal Buffer lEEE-48S Bus
RESOw
Mt1X: MUX:
MUX:
--LUTION
Off
On
Off On Off On
3Y1-Digit 53
25 57 25
37
23
4V,·Digit
43
20 47 21 30 19
_
.. 5V,cDigit 16 (13) 9.5 (7.5) 18 (15)
9.5 (7.5)
IS (12.5)
9.5~(7.5)
6'1z.Digit' 9(7.5) 0.3_(0.25)
0.3 (0.25)
Continuous into External Trigger into liiggered via
lntemal Buffer Internal Buffer IEEE-488 Bus
RESo-
MUX:
MUX: MUX:
LUTION
Off
On Off
On
Off
On
3'h-Digit
1000 1000 237 80
112 58
c __ 4'h.Digit
:ll3
333 145
_63
91
49
5'h-Digit 35 (29) 9(1.5) 40 (33) 9(7.5)
35(29)
9(7.5)
6'h-Digit29(1.5) 0.3 (0.25) 0.3 (0.25)
Offset Compensated Ohms: Rates are O.sx normal mux on ohms rates.
IReading rates are for on-range on'scale readings with internal filter off, for 3V, 3kO,
and 3mA ranges. 6'h- and 5'h-digit rates are for 60Hz operation. Values in
parentheses are for 50Hz operation.
2lntemal filter- on.
IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION
MULTILINE COMMANDS: DCL, LLO, SOC, GET, GTL, UNT, UNL,
.- SPE, SPD.
UNILlNE COMMANDS: IFC, REN,EOI, SRQ, ATN.
INTERFACE
FUNcr:id'NS: SH1, AH1, T6, TEO, IA, LEO, SIU; RL1, FPO,
DCl, OIl, CO, El~
PROGRAMMABLE PARAMETERS: Range, Function, Zero, Integration
Period, Filter, EOI, Trigger, Terminator, Delay, SOO-Reading
Storage,
Calibration, Display, Multiplex, Status, Semce Request, Self Test,
Output Fonnat, TRANSLATOR.
OAV
004 V
0.4 V
0.5 V
2 V
0,01 dB
0,01 dB
--
RESOLUTION
0.2
0.9
INPUT
-34 to +69 dB
(20IlA to 3A)
-5410 -34 dB
(4<A to 20IlA)
300 JLA 1 nA 0.09 + 20
3rnA 10 nA 0.05 +10
30 mA 100 nA 0.05 +10
300
mA 1 p.A 0.05 +10
3 A 10
p.A 0.09 +10
'4lf,.digit count error is 20. 3Yt·digit count error is 5.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 3A, 250V.
OVERLOAD
PROTECTION: 3A fuse (250V), accessible from rear panel.
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT (oo·lSoC &2S°-50°C):
<±(0.1 xapplicable accuracy specification)f°c.
300 p.A 1 nA 2+100 0.9 +100 0.4V
3
mA 10 nA 2+100 0.6 +100 OAV
30 mA 100 nA 2+100 0.6 +100 0.4V
300 mA l/tA :2 +100 0.6 + iCKl O.5V
3A10 JLA 2+100 0.6 +100 2 V
,
For sinewave inputs > 2000 counts. For 4V,-digit accuracy, _divide count error by
10. For 3'h-digit accuracy, count error is 5. In 3V,· and 4'12-digit modes, specifica-
tions apply for sinewave inputs >200Hz.
RESPONSE: True root mean square, ac coupled.
CREST FACTOR (ratio of peak to rms): Up to 3:1 allowable at 'hfull scale.
NONSINUSOIDAL INPUTS: Specified accuracyfor fundamental frequen.
cies
<1kHz, crest factor <3.
SETTLING TIME: 1 second to within 0.1% of change in reading.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 3A, 250V.
OVERLOAD
PROTECTION: 3A fuse (250V) accessiblefrom rear panel.
TEMPERATURE COEFF£CIENT
(OO-lS0C & :1,8°--5(1°C):
<±(0.1 xapplicable accuracy specificationWc.
dB (Ref. = lmA): ACCURACY ±dB
1Year, ISO-28°C
20Hz-10kHz
GENERAL
RANGING: Manual or autoranging.
MAXIMUM READING: 3029999 counts in 6Yz-digit mode.
ZE RO: Controlsubtracts on-scale value from subsequenfreadings or allows
value to be progranuned.
CONNECTORS: Analog: Switch selectable front or rear, safety jacks.
Digital:
TRIGGER input and VOLTMETER COl\IT:'LETE output on rear
panel, BNCs.
WARMUP: 2
hours to rated accuracy.
DISPLAY: 10, O.S-in.
alphanumeric LED digits with decimal point and
polarity. Function and IEEE-488 bus status also indicated.
ISOLATION: Input La to IEEE Lo or power line ground: 500V peak 5x 10"
max. V·Hz product. >10°0 paralleled by 400pF.
DATA MEMORY: 1
to 500 locations, programmable. Measurement inter-
vals selectable from
Ims to 999999ins or triggered.
BENCH READING RATE: 5 readings/second (2fsecond on 30MO and
3OOMO ranges).
FILTER:
Weighted average (exponential). Programmable weighting, 1to
1/99.
---
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: 0°-50°<:' 0%-80% relative humidity up
to 35°C; linearly derate 3% RHloC, 35°C
w
50°C (0%-60% RH up to 28°C
on 300MQ range).
STORAGE
ENVIRONMENT: _25° to +65°C.
.POWER; 105wl25V or210-250V, rear panel switch selected, 50Hz or 60Hz,·
--30VA max. 9o.:110V and 180-220V versions available upon request.
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHT: U7mm high x216mm wide x359mm deep
(5 in. x8th in. x 14% in.). Net weight 3.7kg (8 lbs.). .
.
.. ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE: .
ModeI1019A-l: S~-in. Single Fixed Rack Mounting Kit
.ModeI1019A-2: S~-in. Dual Fixed Rack Mounting Kit
Model 10195-1: Slf4-in. Single Slide Rack Mounting Kit
Model 10195-2: STU-in. Dual Slide Rack Mounting Kit
Model 1651: SO-Ampere Shunt
Model 1681: Clip-On Test Lead Set ~
Model 1682A: RF Probe .
Model 1685: Clamp-On Current Probe
Model 17S1: General Purpose Test Leads
Model 1754: Universal Test Lead Kit
Model
5806: Kelvin Qip Leads
Model 7007-1: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 1m
Model 7007-2: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, 2m
Model 7008-3: IEEE-488 Cable, 3ft. (0.9m)
Model 7008·6: IEEE-488 Cable, 6ft. (1.8m)
Prices and specifications subject to change without notice.
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

TABLE OF CONTENTS
SECTION 1-GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION " 1-1 ..
1.2 FEATURES ,'. ". , .- :'- .- " 1-1
1.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION '" 1-1
1.4 MANUAL ADDENDA 1-1
1.5 SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TERMS . .. .. . . . . . . .. . .. ..... .. .. .. .. . .. . . . .. .... .. .. . . .... . . . . 1-1
1.6 SPECIFICATIONS " 1-2
1.7 INSPECTION " 1-2
1.8 USING THE MODEL 196 MANUAL " 1-2
1.9 GETTING STARTED : " 'L' "H
1.10 ACCE5S0RIES , , o,o·,-:ci,·o.' ',,, ,..' , : .-.-, ".,.- " 1-3
SECTION 2-BASIC DMM OPERATIONS
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.5
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.6.4
2.6.5
2.6.6
2.6.7
2.6.8
2.6.9
2.6.10
2.6.n
2.7
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.7.3
2.7.4
2.7.5
2.7.6
2.7.7
2.7.8
2.7.9
INTRODUCTION 2-1
POWER UP PROCEDURES " 2-1
Line Power "2-1
Power-Up Sequence : :......................... 2-1
Factory Default Conditions 2-1
User Programmed Conditions "2-2
FRONT PANEL FAMILIARIZATION "2-2
Display and Indicators '" 2-2
Controls . .. .. . .... .... .. .. ... .. . . . . . . .. .. . . .... .. . .. . .. ... .. .. . . . . .. ..... 2-2
Input Terminals 2-4
Calibration Enable
Switch. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. ... .. .. ... .. .. . . .. . .. . . . . .... . . .. .. . . . .. ... .... 2-4
REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION
'" 2-5
Controls "2-5
Connectors
and Terminals "2-5
Fuses
-... . .. .. .. . .. . .. .. 2-6
ERROR DISPLAY ME5SAGES :. :~ : '- 2-6
BASIC MEASUREMENTS " 2-6
Warm Up Period........................................................................... 2-7
Zero.................................... 2-7
Filter " 2-8
DC Voltage Measurements ;._.", c· ••• , ,..... 2-9
.. Low-Level Measurement ConsIderations..................................................... 2-10
Resistance Measurements. .... .. . . .... .... .. . .. ... .. .. . . .. . .. . .. .. .. ... .... . . . .... ... .. 2-11
TRMS AC Voltage Measurements.. . .... .. . .. .. . .. . . .... .. . .. . .. . . .... .. . .... . . . . .... .... 2-12
Current Measurements (DC or TRMSAC) :............................... 2-13
dB Measurements .. . . .. .. .. ...... .. . .. .. . .. ...... .. . . .. .. . . . .... . . .... .. . . .. .. .... .... . . .. 2-13
'TRMS Considerations .. .. ... .... .. .. .... . . . . .. . .. . . . . .. .. .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .... .. . ... 2-15
dB Applications " : .-....... 2-17
FRONT PANEL PROGRAMS ... .. . .. . . .. . .. . .... .. . .. .. .. .. .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. 2-17
Program 0(Menu) ....... . .... .. ... .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .. . .. . . .... .. .. . .. .. . ... .. .. .. .. .. .... 2-18
Program 2(Resolution) .................................................................. .. 2-18
Program 4(MX+B) 2-18
Program 5(HI/LO/Pass) : .. .- 2-19
Program 6(Multiplexer, Auto/CAL) 2-20
Program 30 (Save) 2-20
Program 31 (IEEE Address) 2-21
Program 32 (Line Frequency) _ 2-21
Program 33 (Diagnostic) 2-22
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

2.7.10 Program 34 (MX+B Parameters) 2-22
2.7.11 Program 35 (HI/LO Limits) 2-22
2.7.12 Program 36 (Calibration) .. ... .... .. . . . •. .. . . . . .. . .. . • .. .. . .. .. . .. ... .. .. . .. .. . . . •• .. . .. .2-23
2.7.13 Program 37 (Reset) 2.23
2.7.14 Program lJ , , , 2:24
2.7.15 Program ZERO : - : . :.- 2-24
2.7.16 Program FILTER _. . .. . .. . . .. .. . .. . .. ........... .. ... .. .. .. . .• . 2-24
2.7.17 Program dB ............................. .. . . .•. .. . .. . . . . . . .. ................... .... . . .. 2-25
2.8 FRONT PANEL TRIGGERING , . .... .. . .. • .. . .. .. .. . . .. .. 2-25
2.8.1 One-Shot Triggering : , . . . . . .. . . .. .... .. . . . . .. . .. 2-25
2.8.2 Triggering Readings Into Data Store ,2.25
2.9 EXTERNAL TRIGGERING 2-26
2.9.1 External Trigger 2-26
2.9.2 Voltmeter Complete .. . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . .. ... .. .2-26 .
2.9.3 .Triggering Example 2-27
SECTION 3-IEEE-488 PROGRAMMING
3.1
3.2
3.3
3.4
3.5
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.7
3.7.1
3.7.2
3.8
3.8.1
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.4
3.8.5
3.8.6
3.8.7
3.8.8
3.9 -
3.9.1
3.9.2
3.9.3
3.9.4
3.9.5
3.9.6
3.9.7
3.9.8
3.9.9
3.9.10
3.9.11
3.9.12
3.9.13
3.9.14
3.9.15
3.9.16
3.9.17
3.9.18
II
INTRODUCTION 3-1
ASHORT-CUT TO IEEE-488 OPERtmON , .. . . .... . . 3-1
BUS CONNECTIONS 3-4
~ACE ~CTION CODES 3-5
PRIMARY ADDRESS SELECTION 3-6
CONTROLLER PROGRAMMING "3.6
Controller Handler Software. .......................... .. . .. ......... .. ..... .. .... .. . .. .. 3'7
BASIC Interface Progranxnting Statements , 3-7
FRONT PANEL ASPECTS OF IEEE-488 OPERATION _ .. 3-7
Front Panel Error Messages , . .- .- .. , '. 3-7
IEEE-488 Status Indicators and LOCAL Key _ 3-10
GENERAL BUS COMMAND PROGRAMMING 3-11
REN (Remote Enable) 3-11
!FC (Interface Gear) 3-11
LLO (Local Lockout) . . .... .. . .... . . . .. . . . .. .. . .. . .. . . • .. .. .... . . .. . .. .. . .. .... .. .. . .. 3-11
GTL (Go To Local) .. .......... .. ...... .. .... .. ........... .... ....... .. .............. .. ... .. 3-12
DCL (Device Gear) ........... .. ........... .. ... .. ....... .. . . .. ......... .. . . . .. . . .. ...... .. 3-12
.SDC (Selective Device Gear) _ 3-13
GET (Group Execute Trigger) , 3-13
Serial Polling (SPE,SPD) .- ~ . . . .. ..... .. .......... .. ......... 3·13
DEVICE-DEPENDENT COMMAND PROGRAMMING 3-14
Execute (X) : :.- : '- .. .- .. . . .. . .. 3-17
Function (F) .................•..........................•................................ .. 3-17
~!(g).::::::::::::::::: :::::: ::::: ::::::::: :::::: ::::::: :::::: :::::::::::::::::::::: ::: ~:~
Filter (P) 3-19
Rate (S) .- :-:: .: . . . . . . . . .. . . .. . . .. ... .. .. . . . .. . .. . . . .. . . .. ........ .. 3-19
Trigger Mode (T) ............ .. . . . .. . . .. . .. ...... .. •. . .. .. . . . . .. .. . .... ....• .. .....•.... 3-20
Reading Mode
(B) 3-20
Data Store Interval (Q)
and Size (I) .... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ..... .. . .. . .. . .. .. .. ... .. .. ... 3-20
Value
(V) and Calibration (C) .. . .. .. .. . .. • .. . .. .. . .. .. .... .. . .... . . .. . . .. • .. .. .. . .. . .. .. .. •• 3-22
Default Conditions
(L) . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. ..... .. . . .. .... . . . .... . . . . .. . •. . . .. . . . . . . . . .. . . . 3-23
Data Format (G) : :
'- . .- 3~23 .
SRQ Mask (M)
and Serial Poll Byte Format. . .. . .. ... .. .. . . ...... . .... .. .. . .... . . .. . .. .. . . 3-24
EO!
and Bus Hold-off Modes (K) .... .. . .. . . .... .... .. . .. . .. .. . .. • .. . .... . .. .3-26
Terminator
(Y) , , 3-27
Status (U) 3-27
Auto/Cal Multiplex (A). ...........
.. . . . . . . .. . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . . . .. .. . ...... ................ 3-29
Delay (W) _.. . . •• . . . . . . .
.. . . . . . .. . . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . .. . . . . . . .. . . .. • .. •. .• 3-31
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com

3.9.19 Self-Test a> _. _.._ _ 3-31
3.9.20 Hit Button (H) '" " ..............•. " 3-31
3.9.21 Display (D) "3-32
3.9.22 Internal Filter (N) .......................................................•.•.•.••... ,....... 3-33
3.10 TRANSLAJDR SOFTWARE ...................................................•....••...... "3-33
3.10.1 Translator Format. ............................................................•..... ' ..... "3-34
3.10.2 Wild Card ($) .........................................•.••..•••••. __ .• _ ••••..• , ••.•.•.•.• "3-35
3.10.3 NEW and OLD , .•.. '," .. '," ',_'" ~ 3-35
3.10.4 Combining Translator Words .............•................................................. 3-35
3.10.5 Combining Translator Words With Keithley IEEE-488 Commands 3-36
3.10.6 Executing Translator Words and Keithley IEEE Commands '" 3-36
3.10.7 SAVE :. ;. """ ' " 3-37
3.10.8 'LIST "co •••••• : •••••••••••••••••••••••••• : ••••• _ •••••••••••••••••• 3-37
3.10.9 FORGET : ............•.....• '"................................................ 3·37
3.11 BUS DATA TRANSMISSION TIMES " 3-37
SECTION 4-PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION
4.1 INTRODUCTION 4-1
4.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDmONS _'" ._ .•... ~ '" 4-1
4.3 INmAL CONDmONS ....•..•••......•..•............... ' .•..............•.•....••........ __ 4-1
4.4 RECOMMENDED TEST EQUU'MENT ; _ '" 4-1
4.5 VERIFICATION PROCEDURES ''0 ••••••••••••••••••••• •• ••••••••••• •• 4-2
4.5.1 DC Volts Verification. .................... .. . . . . . . . . . . .. . .. .•• .•. •. ....... .. .... .. . .. .4-2
4.5.2 TRMS
AC Volts Verification 4-2
4.5.3 Ohms Verification ' .. ,,,~,,, ..........•.•......... ','- ' ' 4-3
4.5.4 DC Current Verification : , .. ; : : :.:::': . . .. . . . .. 4-4
4.5.5 TRMS AC Current Verification. ...... .... .. . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . •.. .. . . .. ........ .. ... .. .. . . . .. 4-5
SECTION 5-PRINCIPLES OF OPERATION
5.1 INTRODUCTION -.~~ .- .. -.-.- 5-1
5.2 OVERALL FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION 5-1
5.3 ANALOG CIRCUITRy ............................................•............................ ,5-1
5.3.1 Input Signal Conditioning " : •.. " ,......... .. 5-1
5.3.2 Multiplexer 5-4
5.3.3 +2.1V Reference Source ~: .. ; . .- :... ' •................ 5-7
5.3.4 Input Buffer Amplifier " . :::-:~:. . . •. . . .. . . .. 5-7
5.4 AID CONVERTER : :;; .. : ' ~ '. . . .. . •. . . .. .• . .. 5-7
5.5 CONTROL CIRCUITRY :................................ .. 5-8
5.6 DIGITAL CIRCUITRY .........................................................•.............. 5-8
5.6.1 Microcomputer '.. ........................... .. 5-8
5.6.2 Display Circuitry. ................ ....................... .. .................. .. ........ .. 5-9
5.7 POWER SUPPLIES. .. .................. ... ... .. .. ............. .. ........................... .. 5-9
SECTION 6-MAINTENANCE
6.1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................•........................ 6-1
6.2 LINE VOITAGE SELECTION. ... .. .............. .. . . .. ............ .. . .. .. ............... .. . ... 6-1
6.3 FUSE REPLACEMENT. ..................................................... .. . .. . .• . . ••.. . . .. 6-1
6.3.1 Line Fuse. ............................................................................... .. 6-1
6.3.2 Current Fuse , _ ...............•.. '" _., , :, " "' , . 6-2
6.4 CALffiRATION 6·2
6.4.1 Recommended Calibration Equipment. .. ................................ .... ............... .. 6-2
6.4.2 Environmental Conditions ',' ,_, '" 6·3
III
Artisan Technology Group - Quality Instrumentation ... Guaranteed | (888) 88-SOURCE | www.artisantg.com