Keithley 193 User manual

Instruction Manual
Model 193
System DMM
01985, Keithley Instruments, Inc.
Instrument Division
Cleveland, Ohio, U.S.A.
Document Number 193-901-01

SAFETY PRECAUTIONS
The following safety precautions should be observed before operating the Model ‘I93
This instrument is intended for use by qualified personnel who recognize shock hazards ,Ind arc f~u~~ili.~t
with the safety precautions required to avoid possible injury. Read over the manual carefully bei~rc upcrating
this instrumen(.
Exercise extreme caution when a shock hazard is present at the instrument’s input. The American Nati,,nal
Standards Institute (ANSI) states that a shock hazards exists when voltage levels greater than XlV rms 01
42.4V peak are present. A good safety practice is to expect that a hazardous voltage is present in any unknown
circuit before measuring.
Inspect the test lends for possible wear, cracks or breaks before each use. If any defects are fl,und, wplxe
with test leads that have the same measure of safety as those supplied with the instrument.
For optimum safety do not touch the test leads or the instrument while power is applied to the circuit under
test. Turn the power off and discharge all capacitors, bcforc connecting or disconnecting the instrunwnt.
Always disconnect all unused test leads from the instrument.
Do not touch any object which could provide a current path to the common side of the circuit under test
or power line (earth) ground. Always make measurements with dry hands while standing on a dry, ill-
s&ted surface, capable of withstanding the voltage being measured.
Exercise extreme safety when testing high energy power circuits (AC line or mains, ctc). Refer tu the fligh
Energy Circuit Safety Precautions found in paragraph 2.6 (Basic Measurements).
Do not exceed the instrument’s maximum allowable input as defined in the specifications and operation
section.

SPECIFICATIONS
1 DC VOLTS
MAXIMUM
READING RESO: ~~~-
RANGE (5% Digits)
ACCURACY (5% Digits)** TEMPERATURE
+ (%rdg + counts) COEFFICIENT ANALOG
L”‘rI”N INPUT 24 Hr., 90 Days, 1 Yr., i (%rdg + counts), TIC SETTLING
6% 5% RESISTANCE 23°*10C 23:’ * 5°C 23”*5’;C 0”-18°C & 28 ‘-50 ‘C TIME”’
L 0.005+2 11.008+2’ o.onu3 inI < ?,,I>200mV 219.99YmV IO0 nV 1 uV >lGG 0.003 + 2
2 V 2:lY999 V ‘I pv ‘IO ,v >~IGO 0.002 + 1 O.UO5+ 2 0.007 + 2 o.ono3i~I1. I < I”,5
20 v 2~1.9999 v ~10pv ~100pv 1OMR 0.003 + 1 0.007-1-~1 0.009 + 3 0.0007+~,1,I < Ims
200 V 219.999 V ~100@V ~ImV IOMR 0.003+ I 0.007+ I 0.009 + 3 t1.ot1074~0. I < 1111’
1000 v 1000.00 v ~IlTlV ~lOl”V ~IOMR 0.004+ I 0.007+ I 1).1109+5 t1.0007+03 c 1111’
*When properly zerued. **Multiply digit error by IO for h’i%digit accur~y. ***To O.Ol’%>ot step chdng~
NMRR: Crcater than 60dB at 50 or 60Hz. MAXIMUM MEASUREMENT RATES (into internal
CMRR: Greater than 120dB at dc and 50 or 60Hr memory, filter and multiplex off):
(with IkO in either lead). 3% Digit 4% Digit 5’h Digit 6’h Digit
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: ~IOOOVpeak. 1000 rdg:s 333 “dg; s 25 rdg,* 2.5 rds 5
AC VOLTS (Option 1930)
MAXIMUM
READING RESOLUTION
(5% Digits) 6% 5’,>
ACCURACY (5’:~ Digits)‘*’
I (%rdg ~+counts,
50Hz-IOkHz’
2v 2.1Y999V ‘I ,rV IO pv ~1+ 100 0.21 + IUU 0.35 +.m, I . SUli
2uv 2~1.9Y99V 10 pv I00 ,rV I ~+1nu 0.25+ IUU l1~3i+300 I +~i,ll,
2OOV 2’19.999V ~lnnpv ImV ~I+ Ino 11.25+ ~IOU ,I.35 + 301, I + ml
701lV 700.00 v ‘IlllV IOmV 1+ ‘100 0.35+ 100 o., +3un I i .iou
*Above 2000 counts. ** Abow 2OOOt1counts; 3%+500 lypicd b&w 2OOl10.“*Multiply digit crrlw 13~ Ill fur O’~di~it .xcur.x\
RESPONSE: True root mean square, ac or ac + dc. 3dB BANDWIDTH: .i00kl I% typic,d
CREST FACTOR: Rated accuracy to 3. Specified fat CMRR: C;realer than htldll at 50 ,~nd hOtI/ (Ikl! ,,w
pulse widths >lOPs, peak voltage 51.36 x full scale. b&IlC~).
AC+DC: Add 60 counts to specified accuracy. dBV (Ref. = 1V): ACCURACY idRV
MAXIMUM INPUT: ‘IOOOV peak ac+dc, 2x’107V*Hz. 1 Year, 18 -28 c
SETTLING TIME: 0.5s to within (1.~1% uf change in INPUT ZOHz-20kHz ZOkHz-lOOklIz RESOLUTION
reading. 44 tii t.i7dBV
INPUT IMPEDANCE: 1MIl shunted by less than 120pF. (20llmV ti, 7OtiVrms) 0.2 (I,4 Il.llldB\’
TEMPERATURE COEFFICIENT CO”-18°C & 28”-50°C): -34 to 14dBV
ILess than +(O.lxapplicable accuracy spccification)i”C (2OmV tc 21UlmV) I.5 7’ 0 lll‘lil\’
below 50kHz; (0.2x) for 5OkHz to 100kHz. ‘Typical
ACCURACY (1 Year)
(3% Digits)
e P/ad8 + counts) RESPONSE: True rout mean squaw, ac -+dc.
RESOLUTION 18”-28°C BANDWIDTH: 0.1 to 1011~.
..- 2+3
2+3
2+3
2+3
21~3

OHMS
RANGE
200 0
2 kO
20 k0
200 kl2
2MQ
2OMSl
200Mn
MAXIMUM
READING
(5% Digits)
219.999 12
2.1Y99Y kl2
21.9999 kn
219.999 kR
2.19999MII
21.9999Mn
219.999M12
RESOLUTION
6% 5%
100 $2 lm0
lmll ~IOmR
1Omfl 1OOmn
~loomn 1 0
1 n 10 n
10 n 100 n
100 R 1 kn
CURRENT
THROUGH
UNKNOWN
ACCURACY (5’h Digits)***
+ (%rdg + counts)
24 Hr., 90 Days, 1 Yr.,
23°+10c 23’+ 5°C 23”tST
TEMPERATURE
COEFFICIENT
*(%rdg+counts)l”C
O”lE°C & 28’-50°C
‘ImA
ImA
100 PA
10 PA
1 PA
100 nA
100 n/t**
0.0035+2* 0.007+2* 0.010+2*
0.0035+2 0.007+2 0.0’10+2
0.0035 + 2 0.007+2 0.010+2
u.o035+2 0.007+2 0.010+2
0.005 +2 0.010+2 0.010+2
0.040 +2 0.070+2 0.070+2
3.2 +2 3.2 +2 3.2 +2
0.00’1+0.7
0.001+0.1
0.001+11:1
0.001+0:1
0.001+0.1
0.010+0:1
0.230 + 0.~1
*When properly zeroed. **Nominal short circuit current.
***4-terminal accuracy 200R-20k range. Multiply digit error by 10 for 6%d accuracy
CONFIGURATION: Automatic 2- or 4-terminal.
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 350V peak or
250V rms.
MAXIMUM OPEN CIRCUIT VOLTAGE: - 7V.
DC AMPS (Option 1931)
ACCURACY
(5% Digits) TEMPERATURE
RESO- (1 Year) COEFFICIENT
LUTION *(%rdg+counts) #adg+counts)i”C
RANGE (5% Digits) 18~28°C O’Q”C & 28c50T
200 @A 1nA 0.09+10 0.01+0.5
2mA 1OnA 0.09+10 0.01+0.5
20mA IOOnA 0.09+10 0.0110.5
200mA IpA 0.09+10 O.Ol+ 0.5
2 A 1OpA 0.09+ 10 0.01+0.5
OVERLOAD PROTECTION: 2A fuse (25OV), externally
accessible.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE BURDEN: (1.25V on 2OOfiV
through 20mA ranges; 0.28V on 200mA range; 1V on
2A range.
TRMS AC AMPS (Options 1930 and 1931)
ACCURACY*
45Hz to 1OkHz
(5% Digits) TEMPERATURE
RESO- (1 Year) COEFFICIENT
LUTION +Phrdg+counts) +(%rdg+counts)i”C
RANGE (5% Digits) 18%28T 00-18”C & 280-5OT
200 pA 1nA 0.6+300 0.04+10
2mA 1OnA 0.6+300 0.04+10
2OmA lOOnA 0.6+300 0.04 + 10
200mA W 0.6+300 0.04+10
2 A IOpA 0.6+300 0.04+10
i *Above 2000 camts.
RESPONSE: True root mean square, ac or ac + dc.
CREST FACTOR: Rated accuracy to 3. Specified for
pulse width > 1ms, peak current 5 1.36 x full scale.
MAXIMUM VOLTAGE BURDEN: 0.25V on ZOO&V
through 2OmA ranges; 0.28V on 200mA range; 1V on
2A range.
OVERLOAD PROTECTION: 2A fuse (25OV), externally
accessible.
SETTLING TIME: 0.5s to within 0.1% of change in
reading.
dB (Ref. = ImA): ACCURACY +dB
1 Year, 18°-280c
INPUT 45Hz-10kHr RESOLUTION
-34 to +66dB
20pA to 2A
-54 to -34dB
2&A to 20fiA
0.3 O.OldB
2 O.OldB

TEMPERATURE IThermocouple) (Over IEEE Bus Only)
THERMO- ACCURACY’
COUPLE (1 Year)
TYPE RANGE RESOLUTION 18”-28°C
J 400 to + 760°C O.l”C *0.5”C
K ml to + 1372°C O.l”C +0.5”C
? -100 t” + 400°C O.l”C YO.S”C
E 100 t” + 1ooov Kl”C kO.hT
R 0 to +‘1768”C 1 “C +3 “C
s 0 to + 1768°C 1 “C *3 “C
R +350 t” +1821”C 1 “C j5 “C
*Relative to external 0°C reference junction; ~‘xcIusivc’ of ther-
mocouple errors. Junction temperature may be external.
TEMPERATURE (RTD)
4-WIRE
RESO- ACCURACY* TEMPERATURE
RANGE LUTION 1 Yr., 18”-28°C COEFFICIENT
100” to O.Ol”C *O.~l8”C *(fl.rm3%+
+630”C cl.llosT)/“c
-~ 148” to f..Ol”F 10.3h”F ~(0.0013%+
+lloo”F 0.01 “F)PC
*Excluding probe errors.
RTD TYPE: 1000 platinum; DIN 43 760 or II’TS-68, alpha
0.00385 or 0.00392, 4.wire.
MAXIMUM LEAD RESISTANCE (each lead): 4-w&,
‘Ion.
SENSOR CURRENT: 1mA
COMMON MODE REJECTION: Less than 0.005”CIV at
dc, 50Hz and 60Hz (1000 unbalance, LO driven).
MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE INPUT: 350V peak, 250V
rms.
IEEE-488 BUS IMPLEMENTATION
Multiline Commands: DCL, LLO, SDC, GET, GTI.,
UNT, UNL, SPE, SPD.
Uniline Commands: IFC, REN, EOI, SRQ, ATN.
Interface Functions: SH1, AHl, TEO, L4, LEO, SRl, RLl,
PPO, DCl, DTl, CO, El.
kogrammable Parameters: Range, Function, Zero, Inte-
gration Period, Filter, dB Reference, EOI, Trigger, Tcr-
minator, Delay, 500.rd Storage, Scaling, Calibration,
Display, Multiplex Of, Status, Service Request, Selff
Test, Output Format.
GENERAL
DISPLAY: 14, 0.5.in. alphanumeric LED digits with
decimal point and polarity. Function and lf:EE bus
status also displayed.
RANGING: Manual or fast autoranging.
ISOLATION: Input LO to IEEE I.0 or power line
ground: 500V max., 5x l(l%‘*tlz; greater than IIPI!
paralleled by 400pF.
DATA MEMORY: ~1to SO(l locations, pnrgr‘~r~~n~‘~hle.
Measurement intervals selcctablc ‘Ims to 999.999sec or
triggered.
BENCH READING RATE: 5 readings:wc, cuxpt 2Ohl!I;
200MR range 2 readingsisrc.
ZERO: Control subtracts w-scale valw from subseqwnt
readings or allows value to bc programmed.
FILTER: Weighted average (exponential). I’rogr.mm~~~hl~
weighting: 1 to li:.
WARMUP: ~1hour to rated accur<rv.
OPERATING ENVIRONMENT: 0 -5iPC. (I%> to 80%
relative humidity up to 3PC; linearly dcr.lte 3%
RHPC. 35°C to 50°C (extent 2lIOM11 rr,nx: tl”,,, t,, 60%
RH up to 28°C). ’ ,,
STORAGE ENVIRONMENT: -25:’ to +hS’C.
POWER: ‘lO5-125V or ZlO-250V (internal switch selected),
50Hz or 60Hz, 40VA maximum 9(1-IlOV & 180.22OV
versions available upon request.
CONNECTORS: Analog: Switch s&ctabte front (>r rt’x,
safety input jacks. Digital: TRIGGEt< input and VOt.‘I~~
METER COMPLETE output on re.,r panel, HNCs.
DIMENSIONS, WEIGHT: 89mm high x 43Hmm wide
x 441mm deep (3’12 in. x 17’11 in, x l7:, in.). Net
weight 33kg (15 Ibs.).
ACCESSORIES AVAILABLE:
Model 160OA: High Voltage I’robc
Model 1641: Kelvin Test Lead Set
Model 1651: 50.Ampere Shunt
Model 1681: Clip-On Test Lead Set
Model 1682A: RF Probe
Model 1685: Clamp-On Current Probe
Model 1751: Gener.71 I’urpw Test Leads
Model 1754: Universal Test Lead Kit
Model 1930: True RMS ACV Option
Model 1931: Current Option
Model 1938: Fixed Rack Mounting Kit
Model 1939: Slide Rack Mounting Kit
Model 7007-l: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable, lm
Model 7007-2: Shielded IEEE-488 Cable. 2m
Model 7008.3: IEEE-488 Cable, 3 ft. (0.9m)
Model 7008-6: IEEE-488 Cable, 6 ft. (l&m)
Specifications subject to change withut tnm~c,. j

SECTION
TABLE OF CONTENTS
l-GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION .........................
1.2 FEATURES.. .............................
3.3 WARRANTY INFORMATION ..............
‘I.4 MANUAL ADDENDA ....................
1.5 SAFETY SYMBOLS AND TERMS ..........
‘I.6 SI’ECIFKATIONS .........................
1.7 INSPECTION .............................
1.8 USING THE MODEL ‘193 MANUAL ........
1.9 GETTING STARTED .......................
‘I.10 ACCESSORIES ............................
SECTION 2-BASIC DMM OPERATIONS
2.1
2.2
2.2.1
2.2.2
2.2.3
2.2.4
2.3
2.3.1
2.3.2
2.3.3
2.3.4
2.4
2.4.1
2.4.2
2.4.3
2.5
2.6
2.6.1
2.6.2
2.6.3
2.6.4
2.6.5
2.6.6
2.6.7
2.6.8
2.6.9
2.6.10
2.6.11
2.6.12
2.6.13
2.7
2.7.1
2.7.2
2.8
28.1
2.8.2
2.8.3
2.8.4
INTRODUCTION ........................
POWER UI’ I’ROCEDIJRES ................
Line Power. ............................
I’ower-Up Scquc”ce, ....................
Factory Default Conditions ..............
User Programmed Conditions ............
FRONT PANEL FAMII~.IARIZATION ........
Display and Indicators ...................
Co”tnlls ................................
Input Terminals ........................
C&rent Fuse ............................
REAR PANEL FAMILIARIZATION ..........
Connectors and Terminals ................
Calibration Switch ......................
Line Fuse.. ....... ... ............ ........................ ........ .... .........
ERR013 AND WARNING DISI’LAY MESSAGES ................................. ....
BASIC MEASUI~EMFN’I‘S.......................................................~~~~.~ ....
... ... ...................................
... ... ... ., .........................
... ... ... ................................
Warmup Period ................................................................ ~,,~ ~.,,
Zero ...................................................................................
Filter...................................................~ .............................
DC V<,ltage Measurements ......... .. ............. .. .................. ...
Lw+Level Measurement Considerations ................. ...............................
TRMS AC Voltage Measurements
....... .. ......... .. ........... .. .... ...
Resistance Measurements
..................................................................
Current Measurements (DC or TRMS AC) ...................................... .........
RTD Temperature Measurements ................................ .................. .... ,,,
dB Measurements ........................................................................
dB Measurement Considerations and Applications ..........................................
TRMS AC + DC Measurcm~nts ..........................................................
TRMS Considerations ................................................................ ...
DATA STORE ......... ....................................................................
Storing Data ......... ............. ..................................................
Recalling Data ............................................................................
FRONT PANEL PROGRAMS ................................................................
Cursor and Data Entry .., ..............
..................................................
Program TEMP ...........................................................................
Program AC + DC (Low Frequency AC). ............. ....................... ...........
Program dB
... ..,
....................................................................

2.8.5
2.8.6
2.8.7
2.88
2.8.9
28.10
2.8.11
2.8.12
2.8.13
2.8.14
2.8.15
2.9
2.10
2.lO10.1
2:11x2
2.10.3
Program ZERO.. .................................
Program FILTER ..................................
Program RESET ..................................
Program 4 .......................................
Program 90 (Save) ................................
Program 91 (IEEE Address) ........................
Program 92 (Freq) ................................
Program 93 (Diagnostics) ..........................
Program 94 (MX + B Status) ......................
Program Y5 (Multiplexer) ..........................
Program 96 (CAL) ................................
FRONT PANEL TRIGGERING ......................
EXTERNAL TRIGGERING ..........................
External Trigger ..................................
Voltmeter Complete ..............................
Triggering Example ..............................
SECTION 3-IEEE-488 PROGRAMMING
3.7
3.2
3.3
3.3.1
3.3.2
3.3.3
3.4
3.4.1
3.4.2
3.4.3
3.4.4
3.4.5
3.5
3.6
3.6.1
3.6.2
3.6.3
3.7
3.7:1
3.7.2
3.7.3
3.R
38.1
3.8.2
3.8.3
3.8.4
3.9
3.9.1
3.Y.2
3.9.3
3.9.4
3.9.5
3.9.6
3.9.7
3.9.8
3.10
3.10.1
3.10.2
3.10.3
3.10.4
3.10.5
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
..........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
.........
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................
BUS DESCRIPTION ........................................................................
IEEE-488 BUS LINES .......................................................................
Data Lines.. .............................................................................
Bus Management Lines ...................................................................
Handshake Lines .........................................................................
BUS COMMANDS .........................................................................
Uniline C~,mmands .......................................................................
Universal Commands ..: ..................................................................
Addressed Commands.. ..................................................................
Unaddressed Commands ..................................................................
Device-Dependent Commands .............................................................
COMMAND CODES.. .....................................................................
COMMAND SEQUENCES.. ................................................................
Addressed Command Sequencr ............................................................
Universal Command Sequence .............................................................
Device-Dependent Command Sequence ....................................................
HARDWARE CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................
Typical Controlled Systems ................................................................
Bus Connections .........................................................................
Primary Address Programming. ...........................................................
SOFTWARE CONSIDERATIONS ............................................................
Controller Handler Software ..............................................................
Interface BASIC Programming Statements ..................................................
Interface Function Codes .................................................................
IEEE Command Groups ..................................................................
GENERAL BUS COMMAND I’ROGIIAMMINC ..............................................
REN (Remote Enable) ....................................................................
IFC(Interfacc Clear) ......................................................................
LLO (Local Lockout) .....................................................................
GTL (Go To Local) and Local .............................................................
DCL (Device Clear) ......................................................................
SDC (Send Device Clear) .................................................................
GET (Group Execute Trigger) .............................................................
Serial Polling (SI’E, SPD) .................................................................
DEVICE-DEPENDENT COMMAND PROGRAMMING, .......................................
Execute(X) ..............................................................................
Function(F) ..............................................................................
Range(R) ................................................................................
Zero (Z) .................................................................................
Filter(P) .................................................................................
2-26
2-26
2.27
2-27
2-28
2-28
2.29
2-29
2-29
2-30
2-30
2.30
2-30
2-30
2-31
2-w
3-I
3-1
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-4
3-5
3-5
3-s
3-5
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-7
3-8
NO
s-10
i-10
3-K
s-11
1.12
3-12
3-13
3-13
3-14
3-14
3-14
3-15
3-15
3-16
3-17
3-20
3-20
3-21
3.22
3-22
ii

3.10.6
3.10.7
3.10.8
3.10.9
3.10.10
3.10.11
3.10.12
3.10.13
3.10.14
3.10.15
3.10.16
3.10.17
3.10.18
3.10.19
3.10.20
3.10.21
3.10.22
3.1023
3.11
3.11.1
3.11.2
3.12
3.13
3.13.1
3.U.2
3.13.3
3.13.4
3.13.5
3.13.6
3.13.7
Rate (S). ................................................................................. 3-23
Trigger Mode (T) ......................................................................... 3-23
Reading Mode (8) ........................................................................ 3.24
Data Store Interval (Q) and Size (I) ........................................................ 3-24
Value (V) and Calibration (C) .............................................................. 3-26
Default Conditions (L) .................................................................... 3-27
Data Format (G) .......................................................................... 3-27
SRQ Mask (M) and Status Byte Format. .................................................... 3-2X
EOIand Bus Hold-Off Modes .......................................................... 3-31
Terminator (Y) ............................................................................ 3.32
status (LJ) ............................................................................... 3-33
Multiplex (A) ............................................................................ 3.36
Delay (W) ................................................................................ 3-37
Self-Test (J) ............................................................................... 3-37
Hit Button (H) ........................................................................... 3-3X
Display (D) .............................................................................. 3~39
Reference Junction (0) .................................................................... 3-3’1
Exponential Filter (N) ......................................................... ..... ..... 3-41
FRONT PANEL M~SSAGTS...................................................~.~~ .......... 3-41
Bus Error ................................................................................ 3.41
Trigger Overrun Error ..................................................................... 3-42
BUS DATA TRANSMISSION TIMES ......................................................... 3-42
TRANSLATOR SOFTWARE ................................................................. 3-42
Translator hlrmat ........................................................................ 3-42
NEW and OLD ............................................................ ........ .... 3-43
Combining Translator Words .................................... ...... .. ........ 3-44
Combining Translator Wurds with Kcithlcy ll%l~-488 Commands, .......................... .. 3-14
Executing Translator Words and Keithley IEEE Comnunds ...................... ~, ..... 3-45
LIST ........................................................................... ., ....... .%-.I?
F:ORGET ............................................................................... iwli
SECTION 4--PERFORMANCE VERIFICATION
4.1
4.2
4.3
4.4
4~.5
4.5.~1
4.52
4.5.3
4.5.4
4.5.5
4.5.6
INTRODUCTION ... .... ... ........... . ... ............. .. ........ ..... 4-I
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ...... ....................................... ...... ..... &I
INITIAL CONDITIONS.......................................................~ .............. &I
RECOMMENDED TESf EQUIPMENT ... ................ ... ... .... ......... &I
VERIFICATION I~ROCEDURE ................................................ .. .. ... .. -I-l
DC Volts Verification ... ........... ............. .. .. .............. ...... 4.2
TRMS AC Volts Verification., ... ........ .. ..... ..... .. ...... ............. .... 4~2
OHMS Verification ... .... ........... .. ....... .. ........ ............. 1~?
DC Current Verification ....................................................... ............ +I
TRMS AC Current Verification ... ... ............ ......... ..... .. 4-5
RTD Temperature Verification ........... ...................... ................ ......... .&(I
SECTION 5-THEORY OF OPERATION
5.1
5.2
5.3
53.1
53.2
5.3.3
5.3.4
5.4
5.5
5.6
INTRODUCTION ........ . .......... . .. ............ ............................... 5-l
OVERALL FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION .. .... ............ ...................... 5-l
ANALOG CIRCUITRY ....................................................................... 5-l
Input Signal Conditioning i-i
.. ................ .......... ................................
Multiplexer .., ............................................................................ i-h
+2.1v Reference Source ...................... ........... ,., ........... ........... i-X
Input Buffcr Amplifier .................................................................... ;~x
AID CONVERTER
.......................................................................... i-X
CONTROI,ClRCUlTRY ..................................................................... i-It1
DIGITAL CIRCUITRY .., .................................................................... 5~10
...
111

5.6.1 Microcomputer ........................................................................... 5-10
5.6.2 Display Circuitry .......................................................................... S-10
5.7 POWER SUPPLIES ......................................................................... 5-K
SECTION 6-MAINTENANCE
6.1
6.2
6.3
6.3.1
6.3.2
6.4
6.5
6.6
b.b.‘l
6.6.2
6.6.3
6.6.4
6.6.5
6.6.6
6.6.7
6.6.8
b.b.9
h.b.10
6.6.11
6.6.12
6.7
6.8
6.9
6.9.1
6.9.2
b.Y.3
6.9.4
6.9.5
6.9.b
INTRODUCTION ........................................................................... b-l
LINE VOLTAGE SELECTION ................................................................. 6-l
FUSE REPLACEMENT ....................................................................... 6-l
Line Fuse ................................................................................. b-1
Current F~use .............................................................................. b-2
MODEL 1930 TRMS ACV OPTION INSTALLATION,, .......................................... 6-2
MODEL 1931 CURRENT OPTION INSTALLATION ............................................ 6-3
CALIBRATION .............................................................................. 6-3
Recommended Calibration Equipment ....................................................... 6-3
Environmental Conditions., ................................................................ b-3
Warm-Up Period .......................................................................... b-3
Calibration Switch ......................................................................... 6-3
Front Panel Callbratmn
....................................................................... 6-5
IEEE-488 Bus Calibration ................................................................... b-b
Calibration Sequence ....................................................................... b-7
DC Volts Calibration ....................................................................... 6-7
Resistance Calibration ...................................................................... 6-8
TRMS AC Volts Calibration ................................................................ h-10
DC Current Calibration. ................................................................... 6.13
TRMS AC Current Calibration ............................................................. 6-14
DISASSEMBIdY INSTRUCTIONS ............................................................. 6.15
SPECIAL HANDLING OF STATIC-SENSITIVE DEVICES ...................................... b-21
TROUBLESHOOTING ...................................................................... 6-21
Recommended Test Equipment ............................................................ 6.22
Power-Up Self Test ....................................................................... 6.22
Program 93.Self Diagnostic Program. ....................................................... 6-23
Power Supplies ........................................................................... b-23
Signal Conditioning Checks ............................................................... 6-23
Digital and Display Circuitry Checks ....................................................... 6-23
SECTION 7-REPLACEABLE PARTS
7.1 INTRODUCTION.. .......................................................................... 7-l
7.2 I-ARTS LIST ................................................................................. 7-l
7.3 ORDERING INFORMATION ................................................................. 7-l
7.4 FACTORY SERVICE .......................................................................... 7-l
7.5 SCHEMATIC DIAGRAMS AND COMPONENT LOCATlON DRAWINGS ......................... 7-l
iv

LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS
2-l
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
2-9
2-10
2-u
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3-11
3-12
3-13
4-1
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
5-l
5-2
5-3
5-4
5-5
5-6
5-7
6-l
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
h-6
6-7
6-8
6-9
6-10
6-11
6-12
Model 193 Front Panel ....................................................................... ?i
Model 193 Rear l’anel ........................................................................ 2?
DC Voltage Measurements ................................................................... 2-12
TRMS AC Voltage Measurements ............................................................ 2-l-1
Two’Terminal Resistance Measurements ....................................................... Z-15
Four-Terminal Resistance Mrasuremcnts ......................................... ............. 2~15
Current Measurements.. .................................................................... Z-lh
RTD Temperature Measurements .......................................... ... .. ......
External Pulse Specifications ....................................................... ... ;:;;
Meter Complete Pulse Specifications .................................... .... ........ ... l~.?l
External Triggering Example
....................................... ......... ..... 2~32
IEEE-488 Bus Configuration ..................................................... ... .... .. 1-2
lEEE-488 Handshake Sequence ............................................................... 3~3
Command Groups .......................................................................... 3-1,
System Types.. ........................................................ ................... 3-X
Typical Bus Connector,, ..................................................................... 3-P
IEEE-488 Connections..................................................................~~~~ .. 3.‘)
Model 193 IEEE-488 Connector ..... 3~‘)
.... ..................................................
Contact Assignments., ............................................ .......... ~, .. ?-Ill
General Data Format .................................................. ..... ....... .. .%?‘I
SRQ Mask and Status Byte Fomr,lt ............................................. ............ 3~2’)
UO Status Word and Default V.llues ................................................... ...... 3~34
Ul Error Status Word.. ................................................................. ... 1-3;
tHit Button Command Numbers ............................................................ 3-3’1
Connections for DC Vc,lts Verification ....................
Connections for TRMS AC Volts Verification ..............
Connections for Ohms Verification (200%20kR) Range .....
Connections for Ohms Verifications (2OOk%200Mn Ranga)
Connections for DC Current Verification. .................
Connections for TRMS AC Current Verification ...........
Connections for RTD Temperature Verification. ...........
,,....
Overall Block Diagram ..............................................
Input Configuration During 2 and 4Tcmminal Resistance Measurements
Ohms Source (2kn Range Shown) .................................
Resistance Measuwment Simplified Circuitry .........................
JFET Multiplexer ...................................................
Multiplexer Phases ................................................
A/D Converter Simplified Schematic .................................
Models 1930 and 1931 Installation ............................................................. (,-.l
DC Volts Calibration Configuration (2OOmV and 2V Ranges) .....................................
DC Volts Calibration Configuration (2OV-IOOOV Ranges). ............................ ............ ;I::
Four-Wire Resistance Configuration (200%20kll Ranges) ......................................... &‘I
Two-Wire Resistance Calibration Configuration (200kR.2OOMR Ranges) ............................ h-‘1
Flowchart of AC Volts Calibration Procedure .................................................. h-II
TRMS AC Volts Calibration Adjustments, .....................................................
TRMS AC Volts Calibration Configuration, .................................................... &i;
DC Current Calibration Configuration ................................................ ....... h-l-l
TRMS AC Current Calibration Configuration .................................................. h-15
Co”“ectors ......... ...........................................................................................................................................
Model 193 Exploded View 66;

7-l Jumper Board, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 193-160 ................................. 7-3
7-2 Display Board, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No 193.130 ................................. 7-4
7-3 Display Board, Schematic Diagram, Dwg. No. 193.116 ........................................... 7-5
7-4 Digital Board, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 193.100 ................................. 7.10
7% Digital Board, Schematic Diagram, Dwg. No. 193.106 ........................................... 7-n
7-6 Analog Board, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 193.120 ................................ 7.22
7-7 Analog Board, Schematic Diagram, Dwg. No. 193.126 .......................................... 7-23
7-8 Model 1930, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 1930-100 ................................. 7-35
79
Model 1930, Schematic Diagram, Dwg. No. 1930.106 ........................................... 7-38
7-10 Model 1931, Component Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 1931-100 ................................. 7-39
7-11 Model 1931, Schematic Location Drawing, Dwg. No. 1931-106 ................................... 7-37
vi

LIST OF TABLES
2-l
2-2
2-3
2-4
2-5
2-6
2-7
2-8
3-l
3-2
3-3
3-4
3-5
3-6
3-7
3-8
3-9
3-10
3.11
3-12
3-13
3-14
3-15
3-16
3-17
Factory Default Conditions ................................................................... 2-l
Front Panel Program ......................................................................... 2-4
Error and Warning Messages ................................................................. 2-9
Resistance Ranges .......................................................................... 2.14
Corresponding Voltage Reference Levels for Impedance References .............................. 2-18
Comparison of Average and TRMS Meter Readings ........................................... 2.20
High Speed Data Store ..................................................................... 2.22
Example MX + BReadillgs .................................................................. 2.27
IEEE-488 Bus Command Summary ............................................................ 3-l
Hexadecimal and Decimal Command Codes ................................................... 3-i
Typical Addressed Command Sequence ....................................................... 3-i
Typical Device-Dependent Command Sequence ................................................ 3-7
IEEE Contact Designation .................................................................... 3-c)
BASIC Statements Necessary to Send Bus Commands ......................................... 3-11
Model 193 Interface Function Codes .......................................................... 7-12
IEEE Command Groups ..................................................................... 3-12
General Bus Commands and Associated BASIC Statements .................................... 3-U
Factory Default Conditions .................................................................. 3-15
Device-Dependent Command Summary ...................................................... R-18
Range Command Summary ................................................................. 3-21
High Speed Data Store ..................................................................... 2-Z
SRQ Command Parameters ................................................................. 3-31)
Bus Hold-Off Times ........................................................................ 3-32
Trigger to Reading-Ready Times ............................................................. 3-42
Translator Reserved Words and Character ..................................................... 3-46
4-l
4-2
4-3
4-4
4-5
4-6
4-7
Recommeded Test Equipment. ...........
.................... .....
4-I
Limits for DC Volts Verification ...........
..................... ......
-1-2
Limits for TRMS AC Volts Verification .....
.....................
4-3
Limits for Ohms Verification .............
..................... ......
4-4
Limits for DC Current Verification ........
..................... ......
4-5
Limits for AC Current Verification ........
..................... ......
4-h
Limits for RTD Temperature Verification ...
..................... ......
4-h
5-l
Ranging Information ......................................................................... 5~3
h-l
6-2
6-3
6-4
6-5
b-b
6-7
6-8
6-9
6-10
6-11
6-12
6-13
6-14
6-15
Line Voltage Selection ....... ............... ............................................. h-l
Line Fuse Replacement ...................................................................... h-2
Current Fuse Replacement ................ . .................................................. h-2
Recommended Calibration Equipment. ........................................................ h-5
DC Volts Calibration ...................................................................... h-8
Resistance Calibration ,,
.......................................................... ..
......... 6-K
TRMS AC Volts (Model 1930) Calibration ................................................... h-12
DC Current Calibration .. .......... ......................................................
TRMS AC $wnt Calibration ......................................................... ::;:
1
.....
Static-Sensltwe Devices ..................................................................... h-2 I
Recommended Troubleshooting Mode. ....................................................... h-22
Model 193 Troubleshooting Mode ................... ........................................ h-24
Power Supply Checks
Digital Circuitry Checks ........................................................................................................................................... f~:;;
Display Circuitry Checks .................................................................... h-29
7-l
7-2
7-3
7-4
7-5
7-6
Display Board, Parts List
Digital Board, Parts List ............ .......................... .._
. ................................................................................................. ;-;
Analog Board, I’arts List ..................................................................... 7%
Model 1930, Parts List ....................................................................... 7-32
Model 1931, Parts List ....................................................................... 7-37
Model 193 Mechanical Parts List .... ....... .. ........... ............................... 7-41
vii/viii

SECTION 1
GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 INTRODUCTION
The Kcithlcy Model ~IYOSystem DMM, with thcTRMS AC
Volt ,Ind Current options installed, is ‘I six function
,tutora”ging digital multimeter. At 6% digit rcsc>lutio”, the
IID display cn” display +2,200,(100 counts. The rang? of
this anal[,g~to-digit,ll (ND) converter is gl-cater than the
nwmal +‘l,YYY,YYY count AID c”nwrtrr used in many 6%
digit DMMs. ‘l’hc built-in IEEE-48X interfax makes the in-
strument fully programmable ,,ver the IEEl:-4B8 bus. With
ihc ‘TRMS ACV option and the Current option installed,
the Model ~IY3 CJ” make the f~~llowing basic
measurements:
In addition to the above Imentioned mcaurcmcnt
capabilities, the Model ‘lY3 can “lake dB and TRMS AC
+ DC meaSu1’Cnw”tS.
1.2 FEATURES
Some important Model ‘lY3 features include:
l 14 Character Alphanumwic Display+‘asy t,, read 14
segment l.EDs used for readings and front panel
messages.
l High Speed Measurement Ratc~‘lO00 readings per
second.
l Zero-Used to cancel offsets or establish basclincs. A
zero value can be pmgrammcd from the front panel 01
over the IEEE-4X8 bus.
l Filter-The weighted avcragc digital filter cd” bc set f”t
1 to YY readings from the front panel or <,ver the bus.
l Data Store-An internal buffer that can store up t” 500
readings is accessible from either the front panel or <wt’r
the bus.
l Digital Calibration-The instrument may bc digitally
calibrated from either the front panc’l or over the bus.
. User Programmable Default Qnditions-Any instru-
ment measurement configuration can be established as
1-l

GENERAL INFORMATION
1.6 SPECIFICATIONS
Detailed Model 193 specifications may be found preceding
the Table of Contents of this manual.
1.7 INSPECTION
The Model 193 System DMM was carefully inspected, both
electrically and mechanically before shipment. After un-
packing all items from the shipping carton, check for any
obvious signs of physical damage that may have occurred
during transit. Report any damage to the shipping agent.
Retain and use the original packing materials in case
reshipment is necessary. The following items are shipped
with every Model 193 order:
Model 193 System DMM
Model 193 Instruction Manual
Safety Shrouded Test Leads
Additional accessories as ordered.
If an additional instruction manual is required, order the
manual package (Keithley Part Number 193-901-00). The
manual package includes an instruction manual and any
apphcable addenda.
1.8 USING THE MODEL 193 MANUAL
This manual contains information necessary for operating
and servicing the Model 193 System DMM, TRMS ACV
option and the Current option. The information is divid-
ed into the following sections:
l Section 1 contains general information about the Model
193 including that necessary to inspect the instrument
and get it operating as quickly as possible,
l Section 2 contains detailed operating information on us-
ing the front panel controls and programs, making con-
nections and basic measuring techniques for each of the
available measuring functions.
l Section 3 contains the information necessary to connect
the Model 193 to the IEEE-488 bus and program operating
modes and functions from a controller.
l Section 4 contains performance verification procedures
for the instrument. This information will be helpful if
you wish to verify that the instrument is operating in
compliance with its stated specifications.
l Section 5 contains a description of operating theory.
Analog, digital, power supply, and IEEE-488 interface
operation is included.
l Section 6 contains information for servicing the instru-
ment. This section includes information on fuse replace-
ment, line voltage selection, calibration and
troubleshooting.
l Section 7 contains replaceable parts information.
1.9 GETTING STARTED
The Model 193 System DMM is a highly sophisticated in-
strument with many capabilities. To get the instrument up
and running quickly use the following procedure. For com-
plete information on operating the Model 193 consult the
appropriate section of this manual.
POWW-Up
1. Plug the line cord into the rear panel power jack and
plug the other end of the cord into an appropriate,
grounded power source. See paragraph 22.1 for more
complete information.
2. Press in the POWER switch to apply power to the in-
strument. The instrument will power up to the XXIOVDC
range.
Making Measurements
1. Connect the supplied safety shrouded test leads to the
front panel VOLTS HI and LO input terminals. Make
sure the INPUT switch is in the out (FRONT) position.
2. To make a voltage measurement, simply connect the in-
put leads to a DC voltage surge (up to 1OOOV) and take
the reading from the display.
3. To change to a different measuring function, simply
press the desired function button. For example, to
measure resistance, press the OHMS button.
Using Data Store
Storing Data:
1. Press the DATA STORE button. The DATA STORE in-
dicator will turn on and a storage rate (in seconds) will
be displayed.
2. Select an interval, other than 000.000, using the 4 and
), and data buttons.
3. Press the ENTER button. The buffer sire will be
displayed. Size 000 indicates that data will overwrite
after 500 readings have been stored.
4. If a different buffer size is desired, enter the value us-
ing the number buttons (0 through 9).
5. Press the ENTER button to start the storage process,
l-2

GENERAL INFORMATION
The data store mode can bc exited at any time before the
start of the storage process by pressing the RESET button.
Once storage has commenced, the storage process can be
stopped by pressing any function button. See paragraph
2.7.1 for complete information on storing data.
Recalling Data:
1. Press the RECALL button. The buffer location of last
stored reading will be displayed.
2. To read the data at a different memory location, enter
the value using the number buttons (O-9).
3. Press the ENTER button. The reading and the memory
location will be displayed.
4. The A and V buttons can be used to read the data in
all filled memory locations.
5. ‘To read the highest, lowest and average reading stored
in the buffer, press the number 1, 2 and 3 buttons
respectively. Note that the memory location of the
highest and lowest reading is also displayed. The
average reading is displayed along with the number of
readings averaged.
The recall mode can be exited by pressing the RESET but-
ton. See paragraph 2.7.2 for complete information on data
recall.
Using Front Panel Programs
I’mgram selection is accomplished by pressing the PRGM
button followed by the button(s) that corresponds to the
program number or name. For example, to select Program
93 (IEEE status), press the PRGM button and then 9 and
1 buttons. Table 2-2 lists and briefly describes the available
front panel programs. Once a program is selected the
following general rules will apply:
1. A displayed program condition can be entered by press-
ing the ENTER button.
2. Program conditions that prompt the user with a flashing
digit can be modified using the data buttons (0 through
9 and *) and the cursor control buttons (manual range
buttons).
3. Programs that contain alternate conditions can be
displayed by pressing one of the manual range buttons.
Each press of one of these buttons toggles the display
between the two available conditions.
4. A program will be executed when the pressed ENTER
button causes the instrument to exit the program mode.
5. A program can be exited at any time and thus not ex-
ecuted, by pressing the RESET button.
Paragraph 2.8 provides the dctailcd inform,ltion for “sing
the front paw1 programs.
1.10 ACCESSORIES
The following accessories are available to c~nhancr the
Model 193% capabilities.
ModcJ l6OOB High Voltage J’robc-The Model Jhl)l)l% CA-
tends DMM measurements to 4OkV.
Model 1641 Kelvin Test Lead Set-The Model 1641 has
special clip leads that allow 4.terminal measurements to
be made while making only tvw connections.
Model 1651 SO-Ampere Current Shunts-l‘hr h,Judcl I651 is
an external O.OOlR *l% 4-terminal shunt, \\hich pwmits
current measurements from 0 to SOA AC or DC.
Model ~1681Clip-On Test Lead Set-l’hc Model I681 cow
tains two leads, 1.2m (48’) long terminated with banana
plugs and spring action clip probes.
Model 16R2A RF Probe-The Model 1682A permits voltage
measurements from ~IOOkIiz to 250MHz. AC to IX transfw
accuracy is -tldB from 1OOkHz to 25OMHz at IV, peak
responding, calibrated in I<MS of d sine \\‘ave.
Model ~1751Safety Test JLcads-J’his test Icad SC~is supplied
with every Model 193. Finger guards and shnrudcd banxu
plugs help minimize the chance of making contact with
live circuitry.
1-3

GENERAL lNFORMAT,ON
is installed, AC + DC voltage measurements can bc made.
Field installation 01’r~movallrcplacement of the Model 1930
will require recalibration of the Model 143 and the Model
lY30.
Model 193~1Current Option--The Model 1931 is a plug-in
current option for the Model 793. This option allows the
instrument to measure DC current up to 2A. When both
Models lY30 and 1931 are installed, the instrument can
make TRMS AC current measurements and TRMS AC +
DC curi-ent meas”re”le”ts. Field installation requires
recalibration of the Model 193.
Model ~I938 Fixed Rack Mount-The Model ~1938is a sta-
tionary mount kit that allows the Model 193 tube mounted
in a standard 19 inch rack.
Model 1939 Slide Rack Mount-l‘he Model 1939 is a sliding
mount kit that allows the Model 193 to be rack mounted
with the added feature of sliding the instrument forward
for cay access to the rear panel and top cover.
Model 7007 IEEE-488 Shielded Cables-The Model 7007
connects the Model 193 to the IEEE~488 bus using shield-
ed cables to reduce electromagnetic interference (EMI). The
Model 7007-1 is one meter in length and has a EMI shirld-
ed IEEE-488 wnnector at each end. The Model 7007.2 is
identical to the Model 7007-1, but is two meters in Icngth
Model 7008 IEEE-488 Cables-l’he Model 7008 connects the
Model 193 to the IEEE-488 bus. ‘The Model 7008-3 is 0.9m
(3 ft.) in length and has a standard IEEE-488 connector at
each end. ‘I‘hc Model 71108-6cable is identical to the Model
7008.3, but is ~l.Hm (6 ft.) in length.
Model 8573 lEEE~488 Interface-~-rhr Model 8373 is an
IEEE-488 standard intcrfacc designed to interface the IBM
PC or X1‘ computers to Keithlcy instrumentation over the
IEEE-488 bus. The interface system contains two distinc-
tive parts: an interfacr board containing logic to perform
the necessary hardware functions and the handler soft-
ware (supplied on disk) to perform the rquircd control
functions. Thcsc twu important facets of the Model 8573
join together to give the IBM advanced capabilities over
IEEE-488 interfaceable instrumentation.
1-4