Kestrel 3500 Delta T User manual

3500 Delta T
Pocket Weather
®Meter
with Backlight
Plus additional features:
• clock • 3-hour pressure trend
• data hold function • backlight
• automatic power-down function
Revised 07/26/10
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
Thank you for purchasing the Kestrel 3500 Pocket
Weather Meter. This instrument will measure the following
environmental conditions:
• wind speed • heat stress index
• maximum wind gust • dewpoint
• average wind speed • wet bulb temperature
• temperature (air, water snow) • barometric pressure
• wind chill • altitude
• relative humidity • delta T
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 3
OPERATION
1. Slide ocover.
2. Turn on. Press the center button (
MAX AVG
) to turn on the unit.
3. Select operating mode. Press the right arrow (
MAX AVG
) to scroll through the measurements
listed below. Press the left arrow (
MAX AVG
) to scroll through the measurements in reverse
order. The instantaneous measurements will be displayed. Each measurement screen
is preceded by a brief hint to clarify which measurement is being displayed. (See
Understanding the Measurements section for more information.)
4. Select the unit of measure. While holding
MAX AVG
, press
MAX AVG
to scroll through the units of
measure listed below.
pressure rising quickly (rise more than +0.18 inHg)
Mode Hint Icon Units of Measure
Clock --- --- 12-hr, 24-hr
Wind Speed SPd m/s, ft/min, km/h, mph,
kt, B
Max Gust SPd MAX m/s, ft/min, km/h, mph,
kt, B
Avg Speed SPd AVG m/s, ft/min, km/h, mph,
kt, B
Temperature dEG C, F
Wind Chill chill C, F
Mode Hint Icon Units of Measure
Humidity r.h. %
Heat Stress Index H.I. C, F
Delta T dELt C, F
Dewpoint d . P. C, F
Wet Bulb Temp bulb C, F
Barometric Pressure* bAro hPa, inHg
Altitude Alt m, ft
pressure rising (rise within +0.06 inHg and +0.18 inHg)
pressure stable (remain within -0.06 and +0.06 inHg)
pressure falling (drop within -0.06 inHg and -0.18 inHg)
pressure falling quickly (drop more than -0.18 inHg)
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 5
5. Hold mode. While holding
MAX AVG
, press
MAX AVG
to hold the time and all of the measured values.
The word“HOLD” will blink to indicate the Hold Mode. Press
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to view the other
measurements in Hold Mode. While holding
MAX AVG
, press
MAX AVG
to exit the Hold Mode. This
mode can be useful for taking measurements when unable to view the display.
6. Turn on the backlight. Press
MAX AVG
to activate the backlight for 10 seconds. If
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
are pressed while the backlight is illuminated, the backlight will remain illuminated for
another 10 seconds. Press
MAX AVG
while the backlight is illuminated to manually turn o
the backlight.
7. Adjust the clock. Simultaneously press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
to adjust the clock. While the clock is
blinking, press
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the clock. Hold
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the times quickly.
Simultaneously press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
to exit the clock adjustment.
8. Adjust the reference altitude. Obtain your altitude from a topographic map or landmark
to use as your reference altitude. From the barometric pressure screen, simultaneously
press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
buttons to adjust the reference altitude. Press
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the
reference altitude, or hold
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the value quickly. Simultaneously press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
to exit the reference altitude adjustment.
9. Adjust the reference pressure. Obtain your barometric pressure reading from a
local weather source to use as your reference pressure. From the altitude screen,
simultaneously press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
buttons to adjust the reference pressure. Press
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the reference pressure, or hold
MAX AVG
or
MAX AVG
to adjust the value quickly.
Simultaneously press
MAX AVG
and
MAX AVG
to exit the reference pressure adjustment.
10. Turn o. Hold
MAX AVG
for 2 seconds to manually turn othe unit. The unit will automatically
turn oif no buttons have been pressed for 45 minutes.
UNDERSTANDING THE MEASUREMENTS
Wind Speed - average over the previous three seconds. The measurement will be accurate
for air ow through the front or rear of the unit.
Maximum Wind Gust - maximum 3 - second wind speed since the unit was turned on.
Average Wind Speed - average wind speed since the unit was turned on.
Temperature - instantaneous temperature of the thermistor, which is located at the end
of the long coiled leads in the open cavity below the impeller. The exposed thermistor will
respond quickly to changes in temperature when air ows past it. For fastest response, either
hold the unit into the wind or wave the unit side to side for 15 seconds. Readings should be
taken in the shade. Water and snow temperatures can be taken by hold the unit in the water
or snow.
Wind Chill - combination of wind speed and temperature, as dened by the US National
Weather Service. Wind chill is the eective temperature on a human or animal at low
temperatures due to wind speed. Wind chill readings will be the same as the temperature
readings above 45ºF or below 3 mph.
Relative Humidity - amount of moisture in the air compared to the amount of moisture the
air can hold for the given temperature, represented as a percent. Because relative humidity is
also a function of the temperature, the response time will be dependent on the temperature
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 7
response time (see temperature section above). Readings should be taken in the shade.
Heat Stress – combination of temperature and humidity, as dened by the US National
Weather Service. Heat stress is the eective temperature on a human or animal at high
temperatures due to humidity. Heat stress readings will be the same as the temperature
readings below 70ºF.
Dewpoint – calculated based on temperature and humidity measurements, as a measure of
moisture content in the air. If the dewpoint is very close to the temperature, the air is humid.
If the temperature and dewpoint are the same, dew will form. If this happens below freezing,
frost will form.
Wet Bulb Temperature - calculated based on temperature and humidity measurements, as a
measure of evaporation rate. If the wet bulb temperature is very close to the air temperature,
the air is humid. Wet bulb temperature is typically measured by swinging a mercury
thermometer with a wet sock on its end for several minutes.
Delta T - calculation of the dry bulb temperature minus the wet bulb temperature as a
measure of evaporation rate. Primarily used in spraying applications, this measure provides
an indication of droplet survival. For example, it is not recommended to apply pesticides
when Delta T is above 10. A range of 2 to 8 (degrees C) is ideal. The Kestrel 3500 Delta T uses
a pressure-corrected wet bulb temperature, ensuring accuracy in all conditions.
Altitude and Barometric Pressure - the Kestrel 2500 will measure station pressure in order
to calculate barometric pressure and altitude. Changes in either air pressure or altitude will
aect these readings, so it’s important to make adjustments as necessary.
First, you will need to obtain either (a) the current barometric pressure or (b) the altitude of
your location. You can obtain your current barometric pressure by contacting a local airport
or weather service. Set this value as your reference pressure on the ALTITUDE screen to
determine your altitude. Otherwise, you can obtain your altitude from a topographic map
or local landmark. Set this value as your reference altitude on the BAROMETRIC PRESSURE
screen to determine your barometric pressure.
There are two examples for when and how to use the BAROMETRIC PRESSURE and
ALTITUDE screens.
First, assume that you know the altitude from one of the sources above. Set the reference
altitude on the BAROMETRIC PRESSURE screen to this elevation. As long as you remain
at home, you can accurately track changes in the barometric pressure. However, the
measurement on the ALTITUDE screen also changes. This value will uctuate as pressure
fronts pass through your location. Since you know your house in not changing elevation, you
can ignore this screen.
Now let’s assume that you are planning a day hike and you’d like to track your altitude.
Before starting, you’ll need to adjust the reference pressure on the ALTITUDE screen. You
can do this by simply adjusting the reference pressure until you reach the elevation of your
house. The reference pressure will be the same as the pressure reading on the BAROMETRIC
PRESSURE screen. You can now track the altitude as you hike. You can ignore the values on
the BAROMETRIC PRESSURE screen, since the pressure changes are predominantly due to
changes in elevation.
As with all pressure altimeters, it must be assumed that any change in pressure due to
weather is small over the course of one day. If you were to encounter an elevation landmark,
you can adjust the reference pressure until the altitude matches the landmark elevation. This
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 9
Why does the Impeller Appear Imbalanced?
It is NORMAL for the impeller to oscillate as it comes to a stop. It is NOT imbalanced. Rather,
it contains a very small magnet that responds to the earth’s magnetic elds. This does not
aect the accuracy of the wind speed readings because the magnetic eld applies both a
braking and an accelerating force which cancel each other. The impeller has been calibrated
to provide wind speed readings accurate to within at least ± 3%.
High Speed Use
After several hours of sustained operation over 25 M/S (~49 KT, 90 KM/H, 56 MPH or
4,923 FPM), the Kestrel will lose some accuracy due to wear of the Zytec™ V-bearings in
the impeller.
Replacing the Impeller
You may recalibrate the wind speed readings by replacing
the impeller. Press FIRMLY on the sides of the black impeller
housing with your thumbs to remove the entire assembly.
When inserting the new impeller, be sure the arrow is facing
the display side of the unit, and is aligned with the top of the
meter. Press on the sides of the housing rather than the center.
Taking Accurate Humidity, Heat Stress and Dewpoint
Measurements
The patented system for measuring relative humidity allows
for extremely fast and accurate readings. The sensor is located in the large hole on the rear
of the unit. Even extreme and abrupt changes in the surrounding humidity will be measured
will correct the altitude for any pressure changes due to weather.
MAINTENANCE & TROUBLESHOOTING
Environmental
Every Kestrel Meter is fully waterproof and oats, and has passed mil-spec drop testing.
Storing Your Kestrel
Avoid storing your Kestrel where it will be exposed to temperatures below -30°C [-22°F] or
above 60° C [176° F] for extended periods of time. Doing so may cause permanent damage.
(Note that the inside of a car parked in the hot sun can reach very high temperatures.)
Use of the Lanyard and Cover
The cover can be captured on the lanyard to avoid loss. First, remove the cord poplock. Then
feed the lanyard end through the large opening in the over and out the slot. Replace the
poplock on the lanyard.
Replacing the Battery
When your display becomes dim or disappears, replace the
battery. Use a large coin to open the battery compartment. Use
only new CR2032 coin cell batteries (available where watch
batteries are sold). Wipe the battery clean of any ngerprints
and insert the positive (+) pole up, angling the battery
downward and pressing it rmly into place. When replacing the
battery door, be sure to keep the black rubber o-ring seated in
the groove on the case back.
Replacing the Battery
Replacing the Impeller
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 11
within several minutes. To test this, place your hand around the rear of the unit. Within
several seconds, the humidity will increase dramatically. After removing your hand, the
humidity will quickly begin to decrease. Next, place your hand near the rear of the unit and
wave the unit back and forth. The humidity will not change because the air ow is diluting
the humidity from your hand.
This example shows the importance of keeping air ow past the sensor while taking a
measurement. If there is no natural air ow past the sensor, wave the unit back and forth.
It is also reasonable to lay the unit down on a solid surface for several minutes to allow the
sensor to adjust.
Sensor Calibration
All the sensors have been factory calibrated to be
accurate within specications. For recalibration,
you may either return it to Nielsen-Kellerman for
factory calibration, or contact NK for eld calibration
instructions. Humidity Field Calibration Kits are also
available for sale online.
BEAUFORT SCALE
The Beaufort Scale is a system for estimating
wind force without the use of instruments based
on the visible eects of the wind on the physical
environment. The behavior of smoke, waves, trees, etc., is rated on a 13 point scale. The scale
was devised in 1805 by the British naval Commander Sir Francis Beaufort (1774-1857) and is
still commonly used by mariners.
KESTREL POCKET WEATHER METERS 5-YEAR LIMITED WARRANTY
NK does not believe in “disposable electronics.”We know that Kestrel Meters don’t typically
lead pampered lives, and we design them for years of performance in tough conditions.
Every Kestrel is designed and manufactured at NK’s facility in Boothwyn, Pennsylvania, to be
the accurate, reliable weather instrument you need for your application. If for any reason
you are not satised with the performance or operation of your Kestrel meter in the rst 30
days, you may return it to your place of purchase for a full refund.
We guarantee every Kestrel Pocket Weather Meter to be free of defects in materials and
workmanship for a period of FIVE YEARS from their date of rst consumer purchase. NK
will repair or replace any defective product or part when notied within the warranty period,
and will return the product via domestic ground shipping or NK’s choice of method of inter-
national shipping at no charge.
The following shall be excluded from warranty coverage: damage due to improper use
or neglect (including corrosion); damage caused by severe or excessive impact, crushing or
mechanical harm; modications or attempted repairs by someone other than an authorized
Force Description Kts
0 Calm 0
1 Light Air 1-3
2 Light Breeze 4-6
3 Gentle Breeze 7-10
4 Moderate Breeze 11-16
5 Fresh Breeze 17-21
6 Strong Breeze 22-27
7 Near Gale 28-33
8 Gale 34-40
9 Strong Gale 41-47
10 Storm 48-55
11 Violent Storm 56-63
12+ Hurricane 64+
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 13
NK/Kestrel repair agent; impeller failure not caused by a manufacturing defect; normal us-
age wear; failed batteries; and accuracy issues resolvable by recalibration. Recalibration is
provided free of charge within thirty (30) days of purchase if necessary.
Except for the warranties set forth herein, NK disclaims all other warranties, expressed,
implied or statutory, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchant-
ability or tness for a particular purpose. Any implied warranties that may be imposed
by applicable law are limited to the term of this warranty. In no event shall NK be liable
for any incidental, special or consequential damages, including, but not limited to, loss
of business, loss of prots, loss of data or use, whether in an action in contract or tort
or based on a warranty, arising out of or in connection with the use or performance of
an NK product, even if NK has been advised of the possibility of such damages. You
agree that repair, and (upon availability) replacement, as applicable, is your sole and
exclusive remedy with respect to any breach of the NK Limited Warranty set forth
herein. All product liability and warranty options are governed exclusively by the laws of
the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania.
Your warranty period will be measured from your date of purchase. The best way to ensure
full warranty coverage is to REGISTER your NK product promptly on our website: www.
kestrelweather.com. We keep your registration information strictly condential and do
not sell it, share it, or use it for anything but product-related information bulletins (which
you may decline receiving). If you do not register and cannot provide proof of purchase,
your warranty period will be measured from our date of manufacture, determined by serial
number.
We request that you contact NK if you feel your product is not working properly. We can
often solve product issues by phone or e-mail, saving you the time and expense of return-
ing the unit. If we require the product to be returned, we will issue a Return Authorization to
expedite the handling of your warranty claim.
The Kestrel Pocket Weather Meters are covered by the following patents: 5,783,753,
5,939,645, 6,257,074, and 7,059,170.
LIFETIME CUSTOMER CARE WARRANTY
NK wants you to be an NK customer for life, so we take care of you even beyond the terms of
the above warranty with our Customer Care Program. Trade-in any Kestrel Pocket Weather
Meter, no matter the age or condition, and receive a generous discount on the replacement
product (same model only). Our Customer Care Program applies only as long as we
manufacture the product, and does not cover product upgrades.
CALIBRATIONS, CERTIFICATIONS AND SERVICE
Every NK product is tested and calibrated before it leaves our factory. We guarantee that it
will perform within specications when you receive it. Each Kestrel comes with a Certicate
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter 15
of Conformity, with the stated specications for that product on the back. If you feel an
NK product is not meeting specs when you receive it, call us and we’ll make sure you are
operating it correctly. If it still appears that it may be out of spec, return it to us within 30
days of purchase and we will test and recalibrate all values at no charge. Beyond 30 days, we
oer reasonably-priced tests, calibration services and N.I.S.T. certied calibrations as well as
Kestrel tune-ups.
All of our measurements are traceable to the National Institute of Standards and Technology,
ensuring the highest level of accuracy. Our primary Calibration Standards are sent for
calibration in accordance with N.I.S.T. requirements and based on a regular schedule.
Only approved laboratories and N.I.S.T themselves are used for these calibration services.
Incoming and outgoing data is supplied with the certicate of calibration.
We also oer full factory service on every product we manufacture for as long as we make
the product (and as long after as component availability permits). If we can’t repair a
product, we will oer you a brand-new replacement under our Customer Care Program (even
for accidental damage and misuse).
Need Help?
Our NK Knowledge Center has answers to many common questions,
along with tips and tricks for using NK products. It’s available 24-7 at
www.kestrelweather.com/knowledgecenter.
For email assistance with the installation or operation of your NK
product, write [e-mail].
For help with an apparent malfunction, or to arrange or inquire about a
repair, write [e-mail].
Or call 800-784-4221 (610-447-1555 outside of the USA), Monday
to Friday, 9 to 5.
ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
What is a “Kestrel”? The American Kestrel is the smallest North American falcon.
Beautiful and highly adaptable, it can be found virtually everywhere in North
America. It is unique among falcons for its ability to both hover at very low speeds
and dive at very high speeds.
Assembled in the USA. The Kestrel 3500 Delta T is protected by US Patent
5,783,753, 5,939,645 and 6,257,079. Nielsen-Kellerman reserves the right to change
product specications. ©2010. Kestrel, the Kestrel logo, Pocket Wind, NK and the NK logo
are trademarks of the Nielsen-Kellerman Co.
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Kestrel® 3500DT Pocket Weather® Meter
Register your Kestrel® Pocket Weather® Meter online at www.kestrelweather.com.
NIELSEN-KELLERMAN
21 Creek Circle, Boothwyn, PA 19061
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Web: www.kestrelweather.com
Email: [e-mail]
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