Klark Teknik HELIX DN9848E User manual

DN9848E
System Controller
Operator Manual
Klark Teknik,
Klark Teknik Building,
Walter Nash Road,
Kidderminster.
Worcestershire.
DY11 7HJ.
England.
Tel: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Email: [email protected]
Website: www.klarkteknik.com
DN9848E System Controller Operator Manual
DOC02-DN9848E Issue B - August 2006
© Telex Communications (UK) Limited.
In line with the company’s policy of continual improvement, specifications and function may be
subject to change without notice. This Operator Manual was correct at the time of writing. E&OE.

IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS
The lightning flash with arrowhead symbol within an equilateral triangle, is
intended to alert the user to the presence of uninsulated “Dangerous Voltage”
within the product's enclosure that may be of sufficient magnitude to constitute a
risk of electric shock to persons.
The exclamation point within an equilateral triangle, is intended to alert the user
to the presence of important operating and maintenance (servicing) instructions
in the literature accompanying the product.
WARNING: TO REDUCE THE RISK OF FIRE OR ELECTRIC SHOCK, DO NOT EXPOSE THIS
APPARATUS TO RAIN OR MOISTURE.
WARNING: DO NOT EXPOSE THIS EQUIPMENT TO DRIPPING OR SPLASHING AND
ENSURE THAT NO OBJECTS FILLED WITH LIQUIDS, SUCH AS VASES, ARE
PLACED ON THE EQUIPMENT.
1. Read these instructions.
2. Keep these instructions.
3. Heed all warnings.
4. Follow all instructions.
5. Do not use this apparatus near water.
6. Clean only with a dry cloth.
7. Do not block any of the ventilation openings. Install in accordance with the manufacturer’s
instructions.
8. Do not install near any heat sources such as radiators, heat registers, stoves, or other
apparatus (including amplifiers) that produce heat.
9. Do not defeat the safety purpose of the polarized or grounding-type plug. A polarized plug has
two blades with one wider than the other. A grounding type plug has two blades and a third
grounding prong. The wide blade or the third prong are provided for your safety. If the
provided plug does not fit into your outlet, consult an electrician for replacement of the
obsolete outlet.
10. Protect the power cord from being walked on or pinched particularly at plugs, convenience
receptacles and the point where they exit from the apparatus.
11. Only use attachments/accessories specified by the manufacturer.
12. Unplug this apparatus during lightning storms or when unused for long periods of time.
13. Refer all servicing to qualified personnel. Servicing is required when the apparatus has been
damaged in any way, such as power supply cord or plug is damaged, liquid has been spilled or
objects have fallen into the apparatus, the apparatus has been exposed to rain or moisture,
does not operate normally, or has been dropped.
14. Use the mains plug to disconnect the apparatus from the mains.
15. The mains plug of the power supply cord shall remain readily operable.

Telex Communications (UK) Limited, Klark Teknik Building,
Walter Nash Road, Kidderminster. Worcs. DY11 7HJ. England.
Tel: [phone] Fax: [phone]
www.midasconsoles.com www.klarkteknik.com
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
We, Telex Communications (UK) Limited
of, Klark Teknik Building, Walter Nash Road, Kidderminster, Worcestershire, DY11 7HJ.
Declare that a sample of the following product:-
Product Type Number Product Description Nominal Voltage(s) Current Freq
DN9848E System Controller 115V AC
230V AC
279mA
153mA
50/60Hz
to which this declaration refers, is in conformity with the following directives and/or standards:-
Directive(s) Test Standard(s)
89/336/EEC Electromagnetic Compatibility Directive
amended by 92/31/EEC & 93/68/EEC 73/23/EEC,
Low Voltage Directive, amended by 93/68/EEC
Generic Standard Using EN55103 Limits and Methods EN50081/1
Class B Conducted Emissions PAVI EN55103
Class B Radiated Emissions PAVI EN55103
Fast Transient Bursts at 2kV EN61000-4-4
Static Discharge at 4kV EN61000-4-2
Electrical Stress Test EN60204
Electrical Safety EN60065
Signed: ............................ Date: 14th March 2006
Name: Simon Harrison
Authority: Research and Development Director, Telex Communications (UK) Limited
Attention!
Where applicable, the attention of the specifier, purchaser, installer or user is drawn to
special limitations of use which must be observed when these products are taken into
service to maintain compliance with the above directives. Details of these special measures
and limitations to use are available on request and are available in product manuals.
Company registration No. 2414018. A Subsidiary of Telex Communications Inc.

Thank You For Using This Klark Teknik Product
Our engineers have designed this product with uncompromising dedication to providing the superb
audio performance, ease of use and rugged reliability that meets the demands of live sound
engineering.
Please take time to complete and return the Klark Teknik three-year warranty registration card and,
to obtain maximum performance with minimum effort, refer to this operator’s manual. Please
ensure that you read both the Important Safety Instructions and Attention! pages.
Finally, enjoy your new DN9848E!
CONTENTS
ATTENTION! ......................................................................................... 1
1. INTRODUCING THE DN9848E .......................................................................3
2. FRONT PANEL ...........................................................................................4
3. REAR PANEL ............................................................................................5
4. PROGRAMMING SETTINGS ............................................................................6
4.1. The DN9848E Programming Panel................................................................................. 6
4.2. Navigating the DN9848E Menus.................................................................................... 7
4.2.1 Input and Output Menus ....................................................................................... 7
4.2.2 Set Up Menu ....................................................................................................... 7
4.2.3 Store and Recall................................................................................................... 7
4.2.4 Home Page ......................................................................................................... 7
5. INPUT CHANNELS ......................................................................................9
5.1. Brief Technical Overview ............................................................................................. 9
5.2. Setting Input Parameters ............................................................................................ 9
5.2.1 The Input Menu ................................................................................................... 9
5.2.2 Naming the Input Channel (Page 1) ........................................................................ 9
5.2.3 Gain and Delay (Page 1) ..................................................................................... 10
5.2.4 Parametric Equalisation (Pages 2 to 13) ................................................................ 10
5.2.5 Compression (Page 14) ....................................................................................... 11
5.3. Monitoring the Input Signal ....................................................................................... 11
6. OUTPUT CHANNELS ..................................................................................12
6.1. Brief Technical Overview ........................................................................................... 12
6.2. Setting Output Parameters ........................................................................................ 13
6.2.2 Naming the Output Channel and Matrix Mixing (Page 1)........................................... 13
6.2.3 Signal Invert, Delay and Output Level (Page 2) ...................................................... 14
6.2.4 Phase Adjustment (Pages 3 and 4) ...................................................................... 14
6.2.5 High Pass and Low Pass Filters (Pages 5 and 6) ...................................................... 15
6.2.6 Parametric Equalisation (Pages 7 to 12) ................................................................ 16
6.2.7 Compression (Page 13) ....................................................................................... 17

6.2.8 Output Limiter (Page 14)..................................................................................... 17
6.3. Monitoring the Output Signal...................................................................................... 18
6.4. Output Gain and Mute - Front Panel Control ................................................................. 19
6.5. Channel Copying ...................................................................................................... 20
7. DN9848E SET UP OPTIONS .......................................................................21
7.1. General................................................................................................................... 21
7.2. Remote Comms Channel/Gang Mode (Page 1) .............................................................. 21
7.3. Gang Mode Setup (Page 2) ........................................................................................ 23
7.4. Security Settings (Pages 3 and 4) ............................................................................... 24
7.4.1 Front Panel Lock (Page 3).................................................................................... 24
7.4.2 System Protect (Page 4)...................................................................................... 25
7.5. Analogue/Digital Input Select (Page 5) ........................................................................ 26
7.6. LCD and LED Lighting (Page 6)................................................................................... 27
7.7. Naming (Pages 7 and 8)............................................................................................ 27
7.8. Backup System (Page 9) ........................................................................................... 28
7.9. Delay Options (Page 10)............................................................................................ 28
7.10. Power Up Options (Page 11) ...................................................................................... 29
7.11. Ethernet Settings (Pages 12 and 13) ........................................................................... 29
7.11.1 Ethernet IP Address (Page 12) ............................................................................. 29
7.11.2 Ethernet Subnet Mask Setup (Page 13) ................................................................. 30
8. STORING AND RECALLING SETTINGS ..............................................................31
9. DN9848E REMOTE CONTROL SETUP .............................................................32
9.1. Overview ................................................................................................................ 32
9.2. HELIX DN9848E unit interconnections ......................................................................... 32
9.2.1 Connecting HELIX DN9848E units in a daisy chain ................................................... 33
9.2.2 Connecting HELIX DN9848E units to an Ethernet switch or hub ................................. 33
9.3. Ethernet Connection ................................................................................................. 34
9.3.1 Ethernet connection – standard ............................................................................ 34
9.3.2 Ethernet connection – wireless option.................................................................... 34
9.3.3 Configuring the DN9848E for Network Communication ............................................. 35
9.4. Serial Connection (Option)......................................................................................... 35
9.4.1 Serial connection details...................................................................................... 35
9.4.2 Connection and Configuration Procedure................................................................ 36
10. APPLICATION NOTES .................................................................................37
10.1. The Advantage of DN9848E Look-Ahead Limiters .......................................................... 37
10.2. Phase-adjustment with the DN9848E .......................................................................... 39
11. TECHNICAL SPECIFICATION .........................................................................41
12. SERVICE INFORMATION..............................................................................43
12.1. Battery ................................................................................................................... 43
12.1.1 Replacement ..................................................................................................... 43

ATTENTION!
1
Please ensure that you read and follow the
IMPORTANT SAFETY INSTRUCTIONS at the front of this manual and the
SAFETY WARNINGS and INSTALLATION CONSIDERATIONS given below.
Safety Warning
To prevent shock or fire hazard, do not expose the unit to rain or moisture. To avoid electrical shock
do not remove covers. Refer servicing to qualified personnel only.
This unit is fitted with a standard fused IEC mains power socket. The unit contains a switch mode
power supply that automatically adjusts itself to 50 - 60Hz mains supplies in the 100V to 240V
(±10%) AC range. This information is printed on the rear of the unit, below the mains inlet socket.
Before connecting this unit to the mains supply, ensure that the fuse fitted is the correct type and
rating as indicated on the rear panel.
For safety reasons the mains earth lead should never be disconnected. In the event of ground loop
problems, disconnect the signal screen at one end of the connecting cables – note that this can only
be done when the unit is used within a balanced system.
Installation Considerations
Location: Do not install this unit in a location subjected to excessive heat, dust or
mechanical vibration. Allow for adequate ventilation around the unit, making sure
the unit’s fans and vents are not obstructed. To prevent excessive heating of the
unit, avoid mounting the unit directly above power amplifiers or other devices
that radiate significant amounts of heat. Where necessary use fan cooled racks.
Cables: To ensure correct and reliable performance, this product should only be used with
high quality, screened twisted pair audio cables, terminated with metal bodied
3-pin XLR connectors (Pin 2 Hot).
Electric Fields: Should this product be used in an electromagnetic field that is amplitude
modulated by an audio frequency signal (20Hz to 20kHz), the signal to noise ratio
may be degraded. Degradation of up to 60dB at a frequency corresponding to the
modulation signal may be experienced under extreme conditions (3V/m, 90%
modulation).
After Unpacking
Please retain the original packing for use should you need to transport or ship this unit.
Please inspect the unit carefully for any signs of damage that may have occurred in transit and notify
the courier immediately if you feel that any damage has occurred.

DN9848E Key Features
3
1. INTRODUCING THE DN9848E
The DN9848E is a highly configurable, digital electronic crossover/loudspeaker management system
controller comprising four balanced AES/EBU digital input channels and eight balanced analogue
output channels. Its unrivalled routing flexibility enables any amount of any input to be routed to any
output.
Each input channel features:
• 12 separately configurable, fully parametric equalisation stages that may be used for room
equalisation
• A programmable delay of up to 1000ms
• Gain control
• Full range compression
Each output channel features:
• Configurable high and low-pass filters for setting the crossover characteristics
• Six stages of fully parametric equalisation that may be used to compensate for system or
enclosure characteristics
• Delay of up to 300ms on each output, mainly used for system time alignment
• Gain control and output muting
• Full range compression and full range limiting
• Dual all-pass phase correction sections, the first of which can be any of the filter or
parametric EQ stages and can be adjustable in five-degree steps
The crossover filter may be chosen from the following types:
• 12dB/oct and 24dB/oct peaking (high-pass filter only)
• Butterworth (6, 12, 18, 24, 36 and 48dB/octave)
• Linkwitz-Riley (12 and 24dB/octave)
• Bessel (12, 18, 24, 36 and 48dB/octave)
Channel programming can be performed directly from the front panel controls or remotely from a PC
using the associated Elgar software application via the real panel Ethernet comms connectors (or
RS-232 PC port on the front panel). If required, access to critical parameter menus can be password
protected, for example, to avoid unauthorised adjustments in hire installations.
Commonly used settings can be stored for repetitive use in up to 32 lockable System memories while
varying show settings can be stored in up to five User memories.
In addition, any input or output channel’s parameters may be copied across channels, and channels
may be ganged to link source and destination channels for ease of operation.
Klark Teknik has a policy of continuous development and may produce updates to the DN9848E host
code. These can be downloaded to the unit via the front panel PC Port. To keep up with latest
features and functions, please visit www.klarkteknik.com.

Controls, Connectors, Indicators
4
2. FRONT PANEL
1 Input channels A-D
MENU ACCESS
Buttons A-D
Press to access and step through the menu pages for the
respective input. The available pages depend on the current
security setting. The button is lit when active.
Signal Level
Meters A - D
9-segment signal meters for monitoring signal level
(compressor headroom and gain reduction) and clip on the
respective channels.
2 RECALL button Press to access the Recall menu page from which a User,
System or Backup memory can be selected for recall.
3 Alphanumeric display Displays menu pages for viewing/defining parameter values.
Values are adjusted via the DATA ENTRY control knobs.
4 HOME (SET UP) button Press to exit current menu page and return to default Home
page. Press and hold for one second to access Set Up menu,
then press to step through Set Up pages.
5 Output channels 1 - 8
MENU ACCESS
Buttons 1-8
As for input channels.
Signal Level
Meters 1 - 8
11-segment signal meters for monitoring signal level
(compressor headroom and gain reduction – reads relative
to limiter threshold) and clip on the respective channels.
Output level and
mute control
Potentiometer control for fine-tuning/muting of output level.
Provides relative adjustment from zero level, which is the
level set in the output menu. Turn control to
increase/decrease level or press to mute. Red ring
illuminates when mute is active.
6 DATA ENTRY control
knobs
Used to set parameter values on menu pages (see
Section 4.1).
7 STORE button Press to access the Store menu page for storing User or
System memories.
8 PC port 8-pin mini-DIN socket for connecting to an RS-232 serial
port on a PC or other remote control device. (Ethercon
connectors are provided on the rear panel for remote control
via Ethernet.)
9 POWER button Press to switch the unit on or off.
5
2 3
6
4
7 8 9
1

Controls, Connectors, Indicators
5
3. REAR PANEL
1 IEC fused mains
inlet socket
For mains power connection. Accepts input voltages from
100-240V AC 50/60Hz.
2 Ethernet 2-port Ethernet switch for remote control using Cat-5
cabling.
3 Outputs 1-8 Electronically balanced XLR audio output plugs
Pinouts: Pin 1 - Screen
Pin 2 - Hot
Pin 3 - Cold (Return)
4 Inputs A-D Analogue – electronically balanced XLR audio input sockets
Pinouts: Pin 1 - Screen
Pin 2 - Hot
Pin 3 - Cold (Return)
Digital – inputs A and C support incoming 96kHz AES/EBU
signals. Note that when digital input is selected, inputs B
and D are inactive.
AES/EBU is 110 Ohms. Sample rate converters (SRCs)
support incoming signals at sampling frequencies from
32kHz to 96kHz ±12.5%, while allowing the unit to operate
internally at 48kHz. An SRC bypass facility is available for
48kHz operation; this is to eliminate the propagation delay
through the SRC.
Pinouts: Pin 1 - Screen
Pin 2 - Data +
Pin 3 - Data -
2 3 41

DN9848E Menu System
6
4. PROGRAMMING SETTINGS
4.1. The DN9848E Programming Panel
All the parameters for input and output signal processing and routing are defined via function-specific
menu pages that are displayed and edited at the programming panel shown below. As described in
the illustration, each menu page uses a standard layout that relates the displayed parameters to the
three DATA ENTRY control knobs, which are used to adjust the parameter values.
When the menu page requires text entry, ‘<>’
indicates which DATA ENTRY control knob moves
the cursor left and right while “chr” indicates
which control knob changes the alphanumeric
character.
When there are sub-menu pages, either the left
or right DATA ENTRY control knob will be allocated
to moving forward ( - - >) or back up ( < - -). This
will be indicated here by a control knob icon
marked L (Left) or R (Right).
The alphanumeric display,
showing the menu page fo
r
programming PEQ1
T
he adjustable parameters are
named on the top line.
Current values are given
below in corresponding order.
DATA ENTR
Y
control knobs adjust the left,
centre and right parameter values at the
display, in corresponding order. If there
are only one or two parameters, only the
active controls are lit.
T
he icon indicates
that turning the left
knob clockwise will
access the sub-menu
page.
Right knob
inactive
Centre knob
changes character
Left knob moves curso
r
Cursor

DN9848E Menu System
7
4.2. Navigating the DN9848E Menus
The DN9848E menu system is divided logically into Input, Output and Set Up menus, plus two
function-specific menus for quick access to the Store and Recall commands. A menu map is provided
at the end of this section for reference purposes.
4.2.1 Input and Output Menus
Each of the four input channels (A-D) and eight output channels (1-8) have their own set of menu
pages, accessed and stepped through by pressing the channel’s blue MENU ACCESS button.
When you make a selection, the MENU ACCESS button illuminates to show that channel is now active at
the programming panel. In addition, all the menu pages show the channel number (1 to 8) or letter
(A to D) in the top left-hand corner.
To program each parameter in turn across all the input/output channels, you can skip to the same
page on another input/output channel by pressing the MENU ACCESS button on the other channel.
If you want to jump back to the first page on a different channel, press the HOME button and then the
required channel button.
Note
If you cannot select any of the channel menu pages from the front panel, then your unit may
be set for remote control or the front panel may be locked as indicated on the alphanumeric
display. Please refer to Sections 7.2 and 7.4 for more details.
4.2.2 Set Up Menu
Global parameters, such as the Comms Channel for remote control set ups, security options and unit
labelling are defined in the Set Up menu. To switch to the Set Up menu, press and hold the black
HOME (SET UP) button located on the programming panel. Press the button repeatedly to cycle through
the menu pages.
4.2.3 Store and Recall
The Store and Recall menu pages are accessed by the corresponding buttons on the programming
panel. To abort and exit the store/recall menu press the HOME button.
4.2.4 Home Page
The Home page, displayed at the end of the start up routine, indicates the unit name (set by the
User) and the current working memory which was retained from the previous session. To return to
the Home page at any time, press and release the HOME button. (The HOME button is a dual function
button – a short press returns to the Home page while a long press opens the Set Up menu.) The
HOME button can also be pressed to abort a Store or Recall process.

DN9848E Menu Map
8

Input Channels
9
5. INPUT CHANNELS
5.1. Brief Technical Overview
Referring to the illustration below, each input channel of the DN9848E processes the audio signal
through delay and gain stages, followed by 12 bands of parametric equalisation, and a full-band
compressor. All key stages are monitored for signal clipping which, if detected, illuminates the top
red segment at the top of the input signal meter; thus, clipping of the signal during processing is not
inadvertently missed. In addition, the signal level is monitored at the compressor to provide signal
headroom and gain reduction indications at the meter.
5.2. Setting Input Parameters
5.2.1 The Input Menu
The signal processing for each input channel is programmed independently via the separate Input
menu associated with each channel. The signal processing parameters are described below in menu
order.
 To access the Input menu pages for a particular channel
1 Press its blue MENU ACCESS button (A – D) to switch to its menu.
2 Press the button repeatedly to step through the pages in turn. Note that, after the last page,
the next button press will cycle the menu back to the first page.
 To skip across to the same parameter on another input, press its MENU ACCESS button.
5.2.2 Naming the Input Channel (Page 1)
Each input channel can be allocated a name up to
seven characters long, which will be shown in the first
page of the menu for easy reference. The default
names are “Input A”, “Input B”, etc. Names are
retained after power down and are included in stored
settings.
 To enter a name
1 Turn the left DATA ENTRY control knob clockwise to access the Input Name sub-menu page.
2 Use the centre control knob to move the cursor right or left, and the right control knob to
select the letter, number or symbol.
3 On completion, turn the left control knob anti-clockwise to go back to the main page. The
new name is now shown to the left of the menu page.
User defined channel name

Input Channels
10
5.2.3 Gain and Delay (Page 1)
Gain and delay are also set in the first page of the channel’s
menu, providing easy access for quick adjustment during set
up or performance. Note that the delay can be specified in
terms of time or distance, as preferred. The unit of
measurement is changed in the Set Up menu (see
Section 7.9).
 To set the delay
 Turn the centre DATA ENTRY control knob slowly for step increments, or sharply to leap to the
bottom/top of the range (two or three sharp turns should cover the whole range). When the
delay is set for time the overall range is 0 to 1.00s, with steps of approximately 20.8µs
between 0 to 1ms and steps of 0.02ms between 1ms to 1s. When the delay is set for metres,
the overall range is 0 to 343.53 m in steps of 0.1 m and for imperial (feet and inches) the
overall range is 0’ 0” to 1127’ 0” in steps of 1”.
 To adjust the gain
 Turn the right DATA ENTRY control knob. The range is –40dB to +12dB in steps of 0.1dB, with
an OFF position just ‘below’ –40dB. Setting the gain to OFF will mute the input signal.
5.2.4 Parametric Equalisation (Pages 2 to 13)
The DN9848E provides 12 parametric equalisation stages
on each input channel, for equalising the input signal in
respect of room/venue characteristics. Each stage can be
used across the full range from 20Hz to 20kHz and is set
independently via its own menu page.
 To set a PEQ
1 Set a centre frequency (21 steps per octave) and bandwidth (0.08 to 3 Oct) for the PEQ
section, using the left and centre DATA ENTRY control knobs, respectively.
2 Turn the right control knob to set an attention/boost level in the range -18dB to +6dB.
PEQ sections that are not needed in the set up should be set to 0dB attention/boost.
Delays can be set in seconds,
metres or feet and inches

Input Channels
11
5.2.5 Compression (Page 14)
Each input has an independent full-range
compressor to improve the dynamics of the
incoming signal levels. The compressors are
variable ratio and can be set to a hard knee
characteristic for a sharp gain reduction
response at the compression threshold, or soft
knee for a more ‘musical’ response.
 To set the compressor parameters
1 On the first compressor menu page, use the centre DATA ENTRY control knob to select a
threshold value in the range –10dBu to +21dBu, and the right control knob to set a ratio from
1:1 to 5:1.
2 Turn the left control knob clockwise to access the first sub-menu page. Use the centre
control knob to select a hard or soft knee characteristic and the right control knob to set the
bypass state to ‘No’ so that the compressor is included in the signal path.
3 Turn the left control knob clockwise to access the second sub-menu page. Use the centre
control knob to set the compressor attack time (range of 40µs – 1ms in 20µs steps or 1ms to
100ms in 1ms steps). Use the right control knob to set the release time (10ms to 2s in 10ms
steps).
 To switch the compressor out of the circuit
 Set the bypass state on the second compressor page to ‘Yes’. The other settings are held for
future use.
5.3. Monitoring the Input Signal
Each of the four inputs has a nine-segment signal meter for monitoring the internal signal clipping
and compressor headroom or gain reduction.
The top CLIP segment (shown illuminated in diagram left) monitors the internal signal
clipping. It operates independently of the rest of the meter, illuminating when signal
clipping is detected at any stage in the processing circuits, regardless of whether the
input level is above or below the compressor threshold. Hence, the audio engineer has
full visibility of internal signal clipping that may result in audio distortion.
The 0dB to –40dB signal meter monitors the input level on a relative scale, where the “0”
segment is set at the specified compressor threshold. For example, if the threshold is set
to +9dBu then the input signal meter “0” segment is set at 9dBu true value, and a signal
of –3dBu registers as 12dBu below the threshold (below left). Thus, when the signal level is below
the threshold, the meter indicates the headroom.
When the signal level reaches the threshold, that is, the red “0” segment illuminates, the meter ‘flips’
and reads downwards to show the amount of gain reduction applied to the signal.
Signal level below
compressor threshold
9dBu gain
reduction
Compressor threshold
reached
12dBu available
headroom

Output Channels
12
6. OUTPUT CHANNELS
6.1. Brief Technical Overview
The output channels are slightly more complex than the input channels in that they are responsible
for the signal routing as well as output signal processing. At the input of each output there is a
matrix mixer (see following diagram) that can source each output from a mix of the four input
channels (A to D). An output can derive its source from a single input by setting the gain of the other
inputs to off. The amount, or level, of input that can be routed to the output is variable from –40dB
to 0dB in 0.1dB steps, or can be switched off completely.
After routing, the resultant signal is passed through the various output processing circuits as shown
below. Processing options include delay, inversion, two independent phase adjustment stages (Phase
Shift and All Pass), filtering, six stages of parametric equalisation, gain/mute, compression and
limiting. All key stages are monitored for signal clipping which, if detected, illuminates the top red
segment at the top of the output signal meter. In addition, the signal is monitored through the
compressor and limiter stages to provide headroom/gain reduction indications at the signal meter.
Processed Inputs
From A
From B
From C
From D
Signal Routing
Select the amount of input
between –40.0dB to 0.0dB in
0.1dB steps, or switch it off
Sourced output for
onward processing
Matrix Mixer