LeCroy SDA User manual
SERIAL DATA ANALYZER
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
December, 2007
LeCroy Corporation
700 Chestnut Ridge Road
Chestnut Ridge, NY 10977–6499
Tel: (845) 578 6020, Fax: (845) 578 5985
Internet: www.lecroy.com
© 2007 by LeCroy Corporation. All rights reserved.
LeCroy, ActiveDSO, WaveLink, JitterTrack, WavePro, WaveMaster, WaveSurfer, WaveExpert,
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this publication supersedes all earlier versions. Specifications subject to change without notice.
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SDA-OM-E Rev H
915657-00 Rev A
SDA Operator’s Manual
SDA-OM-E Rev H 3
Introduction .........................................................................................................18
How to Use Online Help .............................................................................................. 18
Type Styles ............................................................................................................................. 18
Instrument Help....................................................................................................................... 18
Windows Help.............................................................................................................. 19
Returning a Product for Service or Repair................................................................... 19
Technical Support........................................................................................................ 19
Staying Up-to-Date ...................................................................................................... 20
Warranty ...................................................................................................................... 20
Windows License Agreement ...................................................................................... 20
End-user License Agreement For LeCroy X-Stream Software.................................... 21
Virus Protection ........................................................................................................... 27
SDA Specifications..............................................................................................28
Vertical System............................................................................................................ 28
Horizontal System................................................................................................................... 29
Jitter Noise Floor..................................................................................................................... 29
Acquisition System ...................................................................................................... 29
Memory ................................................................................................................................... 30
SDA 18000/13000/11000/9000 .............................................................................................. 30
Acquisition Modes................................................................................................................... 30
Acquisition Processing............................................................................................................ 30
Triggering System........................................................................................................ 30
Automatic Setup .......................................................................................................... 31
Probes ......................................................................................................................... 31
Basic Triggers.............................................................................................................. 31
SMART Triggers.......................................................................................................... 31
SMART Triggers with Exclusion Technology.......................................................................... 31
Serial Trigger ............................................................................................................... 32
Clock Recovery............................................................................................................ 32
Jitter Analysis............................................................................................................... 32
Math Tools – Standard ................................................................................................ 33
Automated Measure Tools – Standard........................................................................ 33
Pass/Fail Testing ......................................................................................................... 34
Advanced Math Package (XMATH) – Standard .......................................................... 34
Jitter and Timing Analysis Package (JTA2) – Standard .............................................. 34
ASDA-J - Standard ...................................................................................................... 35
8B/10B Protocol Decoding - Standard......................................................................... 35
Advanced Customization Package (XDEV) – Optional ............................................... 35
4SDA-OM-E Rev H
Color Waveform Display.............................................................................................. 35
Analog Persistence Display .................................................................................................... 36
Zoom Expansion Traces ......................................................................................................... 36
CPU............................................................................................................................. 36
Internal Waveform Memory ......................................................................................... 36
Setup Storage ............................................................................................................. 36
Interface ...................................................................................................................... 36
Auxiliary Output ........................................................................................................... 36
Auxiliary Input.............................................................................................................. 36
General........................................................................................................................ 37
Environmental Characteristics ................................................................................................ 37
Certifications ........................................................................................................................... 37
CE Declaration of Conformity ................................................................................................. 37
Physical Dimensions ................................................................................................... 38
Warranty and Service ............................................................................................................. 39
Optical Reference Receiver (with OE425/OE455) ...................................................... 39
Software Clock Recovery System ............................................................................... 39
Communications Mask Testing ................................................................................... 40
Jitter Testing................................................................................................................ 40
Bit Error Rate (optional)............................................................................................... 41
Safety..................................................................................................................42
Safety Requirements................................................................................................... 42
Safety Symbols ....................................................................................................................... 42
Operating Environment ............................................................................................... 43
Cooling ........................................................................................................................ 44
AC Power Source........................................................................................................ 44
Power Consumption .................................................................................................... 45
Power and Ground Connections ................................................................................. 45
Standby (Power) Switch and Scope Operational States ............................................. 46
Fuse Replacement ...................................................................................................... 46
Calibration ................................................................................................................... 47
Cleaning ...................................................................................................................... 47
Abnormal Conditions ................................................................................................... 47
Basic Controls.....................................................................................................48
Alternate Access Methods........................................................................................... 48
Mouse and Keyboard Operation............................................................................................. 48
Toolbar Buttons....................................................................................................................... 48
Trace Descriptors ........................................................................................................ 49
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Trace Annotation ......................................................................................................... 50
Annotating a Waveform .......................................................................................................... 51
Turning on a Channel Trace Label ......................................................................................... 52
Installation ...........................................................................................................53
Software....................................................................................................................... 53
Checking the Scope Status .................................................................................................... 53
Default Settings ........................................................................................................... 53
DDA, SDA, and WaveRunner DSOs ...................................................................................... 53
Adding a New Option................................................................................................... 53
Restoring Software ...................................................................................................... 54
Restarting the Application....................................................................................................... 54
Restarting the Operating System............................................................................................ 55
Removable Hard Drive ................................................................................................ 55
Connecting to a Signal ........................................................................................56
ProBus Interface.......................................................................................................... 56
ProLink Interface.......................................................................................................... 56
Connecting the Adapters ........................................................................................................ 58
AP-1M Hi-Z Adapter .................................................................................................... 59
Auxiliary Output Signals............................................................................................... 60
Auxiliary Output Setup................................................................................................. 60
Sampling Modes .................................................................................................61
Sampling Modes.......................................................................................................... 61
Sampling Mode Selection ....................................................................................................... 61
Single-shot Sampling Mode......................................................................................... 61
Basic Capture Technique........................................................................................................ 61
Sequence Sampling Mode Working With Segments ................................................... 62
Sequence Mode Setup ........................................................................................................... 63
Sequence Display Modes ....................................................................................................... 64
Displaying Individual Segments.............................................................................................. 65
Viewing Time Stamps ............................................................................................................. 66
RIS SAMPLING Mode - For Higher Sample Rates ..................................................... 66
Roll Mode..................................................................................................................... 67
Vertical Settings and Channel Controls...............................................................67
Adjusting Sensitivity and Position................................................................................ 67
Adjusting Sensitivity ................................................................................................................ 67
Adjusting the Waveform's Position ......................................................................................... 68
Coupling ...................................................................................................................... 68
Overload Protection ................................................................................................................ 68
Coupling Setup ....................................................................................................................... 68
6SDA-OM-E Rev H
Probe Attenuation........................................................................................................ 68
Setting Probe Attenuation....................................................................................................... 68
Bandwidth Limit ........................................................................................................... 69
Linear and (SinX)/X Interpolation ................................................................................ 69
Interpolation Setup.................................................................................................................. 69
Inverting Waveforms ............................................................................................................... 69
QuickZoom .................................................................................................................. 69
Turning On a Zoom................................................................................................................. 69
Finding Scale............................................................................................................... 70
Using Find Scale..................................................................................................................... 70
Variable Gain............................................................................................................... 70
Enabling Variable Gain ........................................................................................................... 70
Channel Deskew ......................................................................................................... 70
Channel Deskew Setup .......................................................................................................... 70
Group Delay Compensation ........................................................................................ 71
Timebase and Acquisition System ......................................................................72
Timebase Setup and Control....................................................................................... 72
Autosetup .................................................................................................................... 72
SDA DBI Controls....................................................................................................... 72
SDA18000 DBI Controls.............................................................................................. 72
SDA 13000/11000/9000 DBI Controls......................................................................... 73
Smart Memory............................................................................................................. 73
SMART Memory Setup ........................................................................................................... 74
External Timebase vs. External Clock......................................................................... 74
Triggering............................................................................................................74
TRIGGER SETUP CONSIDERATIONS...................................................................... 74
Trigger Modes......................................................................................................................... 74
Trigger Types.......................................................................................................................... 75
Determining Trigger Level, Slope, Source, and Coupling ........................................... 76
Trigger Source............................................................................................................. 77
Level............................................................................................................................ 77
Holdoff by Time or Events ........................................................................................... 77
Hold Off by Time ..................................................................................................................... 78
Hold Off by Events .................................................................................................................. 79
Simple Triggers ........................................................................................................... 79
Edge Trigger on Simple Signals ............................................................................................. 79
Control Edge Triggering.......................................................................................................... 80
Edge Trigger Setup................................................................................................................. 80
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SDA-OM-E Rev H 7
SMART Triggers.......................................................................................................... 83
Width Trigger .......................................................................................................................... 83
Glitch Trigger .......................................................................................................................... 84
Interval Trigger............................................................................................................. 85
Qualified Trigger ..................................................................................................................... 89
State Trigger ........................................................................................................................... 91
Dropout Trigger....................................................................................................................... 92
Logic Trigger ........................................................................................................................... 94
Serial Trigger .......................................................................................................................... 95
Aux Input Trigger ......................................................................................................... 95
Aux Input Setup ...................................................................................................................... 95
Display Formats ..................................................................................................96
Display Setup............................................................................................................... 96
Sequence Mode Display......................................................................................................... 97
Persistence Setup........................................................................................................ 97
Saturation Level ...................................................................................................................... 97
3-Dimensional Persistence ..................................................................................................... 98
Show Last Trace ..................................................................................................................... 99
Persistence Time .................................................................................................................. 100
Locking of Traces ...................................................................................................... 100
Persistence Setup...................................................................................................... 100
Screen Saver............................................................................................................. 101
Moving Traces from Grid to Grid ............................................................................... 101
Zooming Waveforms.................................................................................................. 102
Zooming a Single Channel ................................................................................................... 103
Zooming by Touch-and-Drag................................................................................................ 103
Zooming Multiple Waveforms Quickly .................................................................................. 104
Multi-Zoom ............................................................................................................................ 104
XY Display ................................................................................................................. 105
XY Display Setup .................................................................................................................. 106
Save and Recall ................................................................................................106
Saving and Recalling Scope Settings........................................................................ 106
Saving Scope Settings.......................................................................................................... 106
Recalling Scope Settings...................................................................................................... 107
Recalling Default Settings..................................................................................................... 107
Saving Screen Images............................................................................................... 107
Saving and Recalling Waveforms.............................................................................. 108
Saving Waveforms................................................................................................................ 108
Recalling Waveforms............................................................................................................ 110
8SDA-OM-E Rev H
Disk Utilities............................................................................................................... 110
Deleting a Single File ............................................................................................................ 110
Deleting All Files in a Folder ................................................................................................. 111
Creating a Folder .................................................................................................................. 111
Printing and File Management ..........................................................................111
Print, Plot, or Copy .................................................................................................... 111
Printing ...................................................................................................................... 111
Printer Setup ......................................................................................................................... 111
Printing.................................................................................................................................. 112
Adding Printers and Drivers .................................................................................................. 112
Changing the Default Printer................................................................................................. 112
Managing Files .......................................................................................................... 112
Hard Disk Partitions .............................................................................................................. 112
100Base-T Ethernet Connection.......................................................................113
Connecting to a Network ........................................................................................... 113
Communicating over the Network ............................................................................. 113
Windows Setups ................................................................................................................... 113
System Restore .................................................................................................................... 114
Track Views ......................................................................................................114
Creating and Viewing a Trend................................................................................... 114
Creating a Track View ............................................................................................... 115
Histograms........................................................................................................116
Creating and Viewing a Histogram............................................................................ 116
Single Parameter Histogram Setup ...................................................................................... 116
Viewing Thumbnail Histograms ............................................................................................ 118
Persistence Histogram.......................................................................................................... 118
Persistence Trace Range ..................................................................................................... 118
Persistence Sigma ................................................................................................................ 118
Histogram Parameters .............................................................................................. 119
Histogram Theory of Operation ................................................................................. 132
DSO Process ........................................................................................................................ 133
Parameter Buffer................................................................................................................... 133
Capture of Parameter Events ............................................................................................... 134
Histogram Parameters (XMAP and JTA2 Options) ................................................... 134
Histogram Peaks ....................................................................................................... 135
Binning and Measurement Accuracy......................................................................... 135
Waveform Measurements.................................................................................136
Measuring with Cursors............................................................................................. 136
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SDA-OM-E Rev H 9
Cursor Measurement Icons .................................................................................................. 136
Cursors Setup............................................................................................................ 137
Quick Display ........................................................................................................................ 137
Full Setup.............................................................................................................................. 137
Overview of Parameters ............................................................................................ 137
Turning On Parameters ........................................................................................................ 137
Quick Access to Parameter Setup Dialogs........................................................................... 138
Status Symbols ..................................................................................................................... 139
Using X-Stream Browser to Obtain Status Information ........................................................ 139
Statistics .................................................................................................................... 141
Applying a Measure Mode......................................................................................... 141
Measure Modes......................................................................................................... 141
Standard Vertical Parameters............................................................................................... 141
My Measure .......................................................................................................................... 142
Parameter Math (XMath or XMAP option required)................................................... 142
Logarithmic Parameters........................................................................................................ 142
Excluded Parameters............................................................................................................ 142
Parameter Script Parameter Math ........................................................................................ 143
Param Script vs. P Script ...................................................................................................... 143
Parameter Math Setup.......................................................................................................... 144
Parameter Script Math Setup ............................................................................................... 144
Measure Gate............................................................................................................ 145
Measure Gate Setup............................................................................................................. 146
Help Markers ............................................................................................................. 147
Help Marker Setup ................................................................................................................ 149
Turning Off Help Markers...................................................................................................... 149
Customizing a Parameter .......................................................................................... 149
From the Measure Dialog ..................................................................................................... 149
From a Vertical Setup Dialog................................................................................................ 150
From a Math Setup Dialog .................................................................................................... 150
Parameter Calculations ............................................................................................. 150
Parameters and How They Work.......................................................................................... 150
Determining Time Parameters.............................................................................................. 152
Determining Differential Time Measurements ...................................................................... 154
Level and Slope .................................................................................................................... 154
List of Parameters...................................................................................................... 155
Qualified Parameters................................................................................................. 177
Range Limited Parameters ................................................................................................... 177
Waveform Gated Parameters .................................................................................... 178
10 SDA-OM-E Rev H
Waveform Qualifier Setup..................................................................................................... 178
Waveform Math.................................................................................................178
Introduction to Math Traces and Functions ............................................................... 178
MATH MADE EASY .................................................................................................. 179
Setting Up a Math Function .................................................................................................. 179
Resampling To Deskew ............................................................................................ 180
Resampling ........................................................................................................................... 180
Rescaling and Assigning Units.................................................................................. 180
Rescaling Setup ........................................................................................................ 182
Averaging Waveforms ............................................................................................... 182
Summed vs. Continuous Averaging ..................................................................................... 182
Continuous Averaging Setup ................................................................................................ 184
Summed Averaging Setup .................................................................................................... 184
Enhanced Resolution ................................................................................................ 184
How the Instrument Enhances Resolution............................................................................ 184
Enhanced Resolution (ERES) Setup......................................................................... 187
Waveform Copy......................................................................................................... 187
Waveform Sparser .................................................................................................... 187
Waveform Sparser Setup...................................................................................................... 188
Interpolation............................................................................................................... 188
Interpolation Setup................................................................................................................ 188
Fast Wave Port.......................................................................................................... 188
Fast Wave Port Setup - Initial ............................................................................................... 189
Setup - Case 1 ...................................................................................................................... 190
Setup - Case 2 ...................................................................................................................... 190
Setup - Case 3 ...................................................................................................................... 190
Operational Notes ................................................................................................................. 191
Data Length Limitations ........................................................................................................ 191
Performance ......................................................................................................................... 191
Choice of Programming Language ....................................................................................... 191
Example Application ............................................................................................................. 191
Header Description ............................................................................................................... 194
Data Length Limitations ........................................................................................................ 195
Performance ......................................................................................................................... 195
Choice of Programming Language ....................................................................................... 195
FFT............................................................................................................................ 195
Why Use FFT?...................................................................................................................... 195
Improving Dynamic Range.................................................................................................... 198
Record Length ...................................................................................................................... 198
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FFT Algorithms ..................................................................................................................... 199
Glossary................................................................................................................................ 200
FFT Setup ............................................................................................................................. 203
Analysis.............................................................................................................204
Pass/Fail Testing ....................................................................................................... 204
Comparing Parameters......................................................................................................... 204
Mask Tests............................................................................................................................ 205
Actions .................................................................................................................................. 205
Setting Up Pass/Fail Testing ..................................................................................... 206
Initial Setup ........................................................................................................................... 206
Comparing a Single Parameter ............................................................................................ 206
Comparing Dual Parameters ................................................................................................ 208
Mask Testing......................................................................................................................... 209
Utilities...............................................................................................................210
Status ........................................................................................................................ 210
Status Dialog Access ............................................................................................................ 210
Remote communication............................................................................................. 210
Remote Communication Setup............................................................................................. 210
Configuring the Remote Control Assistant Event Log .......................................................... 211
Hardcopy ................................................................................................................... 211
Printing.................................................................................................................................. 211
Clipboard............................................................................................................................... 211
File ........................................................................................................................................ 211
E-Mail.................................................................................................................................... 212
Aux Output................................................................................................................. 212
Date & Time............................................................................................................... 212
Setting the Time and Date Manually..................................................................................... 212
Setting the Time and Date from the Internet ........................................................................ 213
Setting the Time and Date from Windows ............................................................................ 213
Options ...................................................................................................................... 214
Preferences ............................................................................................................... 214
Audible Feedback ................................................................................................................. 214
Auto-calibration ..................................................................................................................... 214
Offset Control........................................................................................................................ 214
Delay Control ........................................................................................................................ 215
Trigger Counter..................................................................................................................... 215
Performance Optimization .................................................................................................... 215
E-mail.................................................................................................................................... 216
Acquisition Status ...................................................................................................... 216
12 SDA-OM-E Rev H
Service ...................................................................................................................... 217
Show Windows Desktop............................................................................................ 217
Touch-Screen Calibration.......................................................................................... 217
Customization ...................................................................................................218
Customizing Your Instrument .................................................................................... 218
Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 218
Solutions ............................................................................................................................... 219
Examples .............................................................................................................................. 219
What is Excel? ...................................................................................................................... 224
What is Mathcad? ................................................................................................................. 224
What is MATLAB?................................................................................................................. 224
What is VBS?........................................................................................................................ 224
What can you do with a customized instrument? ................................................................. 226
Number of Samples .............................................................................................................. 227
Calling Excel from Your Instrument........................................................................... 227
How to Select a Math Function Call .......................................................................... 227
How to Select a Parameter Function Call.................................................................. 227
The Excel Control Dialog........................................................................................... 228
Entering a File Name................................................................................................. 228
Organizing Excel Spreadsheets ................................................................................ 229
Setting the Vertical Scale .......................................................................................... 230
Trace Descriptors ...................................................................................................... 230
Multiple Inputs and Outputs....................................................................................... 230
Simple Excel Example 1 ....................................................................................................... 231
Simple Excel Example 2 ....................................................................................................... 234
Excel Example 1: Exponential Decay Time Constant Excel Parameter.................... 238
Excel Example 2: Gated Parameter Using Excel ...................................................... 239
How Does this Work? ...........................................................................................................241
Excel Example 3: Correlation Excel Waveform Function .......................................... 242
Excel Example 4: Multiple Traces on One Grid......................................................... 244
Excel Example 5: Using a Surface Plot..................................................................... 247
Writing VBScripts ...................................................................................................... 248
Types of Scripts in VBS ........................................................................................................ 248
Loading and Saving VBScripts ............................................................................................. 248
The default parameter function script: explanatory notes..................................................... 251
Scripting with VBScript.......................................................................................................... 252
Variable Types ...................................................................................................................... 252
Variable Names......................................................................................................... 253
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Arithmetic Operators.................................................................................................. 254
VBS Controls ............................................................................................................. 255
IF . . . Then . . . Else . . . End If ............................................................................................. 256
Summary of If . . . . Then . . . . Else ...................................................................................... 257
Select Case........................................................................................................................... 258
Summary of Select Case . . . . End Select............................................................................ 258
Do . . . Loop .......................................................................................................................... 258
While . . . Wend..................................................................................................................... 259
For . . . Next .......................................................................................................................... 259
VBS keywords and functions..................................................................................... 260
Other VBS Words ................................................................................................................. 261
Functions ................................................................................................................... 262
Hints and Tips for VBScripting................................................................................... 263
Errors......................................................................................................................... 264
Error Handling............................................................................................................ 266
Speed of Execution.................................................................................................... 266
Scripting Ideas........................................................................................................... 267
Debugging Scripts ..................................................................................................... 267
Horizontal Control Variables...................................................................................... 268
Vertical Control Variables .......................................................................................... 268
List of Variables Available to Scripts.......................................................................... 268
Communicating with Excel from a VBScript .............................................................. 269
Calling MATLAB from the Instrument ........................................................................ 270
How to Select a Waveform Function Call .................................................................. 271
The MATLAB Waveform Control Panel ..................................................................... 272
MATLAB Waveform Function Editor - Example......................................................... 272
MATLAB Example Waveform Plot............................................................................. 274
How to Select a MATLAB Parameter Call ................................................................. 274
The MATLAB Parameter Control Panel..................................................................... 275
The MATLAB Parameter Editor ................................................................................. 275
MATLAB Example Parameter Panel ......................................................................... 276
More Examples of MATLAB Waveform Functions .................................................... 277
Creating Your Own MATLAB Function ...................................................................... 280
CustomDSO ......................................................................................................281
What is CustomDSO?................................................................................................ 281
Invoking CustomDSO ................................................................................................ 281
CustomDSO Basic Mode........................................................................................... 282
Editing a CustomDSO Setup File .............................................................................. 282
14 SDA-OM-E Rev H
Creating a CustomDSO Setup File............................................................................ 283
CustomDSO PlugIn Mode ......................................................................................... 284
Creating a CustomDSO PlugIn.................................................................................. 284
Properties of the Control and its Objects................................................................... 285
Removing a PlugIn .................................................................................................... 288
PlugIn Example 1: Exchanging Two Traces on the Grids ......................................... 289
Second Example PlugIn: Log-Log FFT Plot .............................................................. 291
Control Variables in CustomDSO.............................................................................. 293
LabNotebook.....................................................................................................293
Introduction to LabNotebook ..................................................................................... 293
Preferences ............................................................................................................... 293
Miscellaneous Settings ......................................................................................................... 293
Hardcopy Setup .................................................................................................................... 294
E-mail Setup ......................................................................................................................... 294
Creating a Notebook Entry.................................................................................................... 294
Recalling Notebook Entries ....................................................................................... 298
Creating a Report ...................................................................................................... 299
Previewing a Report.............................................................................................................. 299
Locating a Notebook Entry.................................................................................................... 299
Creating the Report............................................................................................................... 299
Formatting the Report ............................................................................................... 300
Managing Notebook Entry Data ................................................................................ 301
Adding Annotations............................................................................................................... 301
Deleting Notebook Entries .................................................................................................... 301
Saving Notebook Entries to a Folder .................................................................................... 301
Managing the Database........................................................................................................ 301
Starting a New Database ...................................................................................................... 302
Processing Web Option ....................................................................................302
Using the Web Editor ................................................................................................ 303
Adding Parameters ............................................................................................................... 305
Adding Previews ................................................................................................................... 305
Exiting the Web Editor .......................................................................................................... 305
Viewing the Output................................................................................................................ 306
Serial Data Analyzer .........................................................................................306
Serial Data Analyzer Standard and Optional Capabilities ......................................... 306
SDA Capabilities ................................................................................................................... 306
SDM Capabilities .................................................................................................................. 307
ASDA-J Capabilities.............................................................................................................. 307
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Jitter Wizard............................................................................................................... 309
SDA Basic Setup ....................................................................................................... 312
PLL Setup.................................................................................................................. 315
Summary ................................................................................................................... 317
Mask Test .................................................................................................................. 317
Eye Setup ............................................................................................................................. 318
Mask Margin ......................................................................................................................... 319
Testing .................................................................................................................................. 320
Bit Error Rate - ASDA-J Option Only ......................................................................... 320
Serial Trigger ............................................................................................................. 321
Serial Trigger Setup .............................................................................................................. 322
PLL Locking .......................................................................................................................... 323
Setting the Data Pattern........................................................................................................ 323
Storing and Recalling Serial Data Patterns into the Trigger................................................. 325
Using the Serial Pattern Trigger ........................................................................................... 325
Jitter Setup................................................................................................................. 325
SDA DBI Controls..................................................................................................... 329
SDA 13000/11000/9000 DBI Controls....................................................................... 329
Vertical Noise Calibration .......................................................................................... 330
Running the Script ..................................................................................................... 330
Using Noise Compensation ....................................................................................... 331
Jitter Measurements .................................................................................................. 332
Pj Breakdown............................................................................................................. 333
Alternate Jitter Breakdown Methods (option ASDA-J only) ....................................... 333
Effective Jitter ....................................................................................................................... 333
MJSQ Jitter ........................................................................................................................... 335
Bathtub Curve............................................................................................................ 336
Jitter Filter.................................................................................................................. 337
TIE Histogram............................................................................................................ 337
DDJ (Synchronous N-Cycle Plot) .............................................................................. 338
DDj (ISI plot) – ASDA-J Option Only ......................................................................... 339
Edge-to-Edge Basic Setup ........................................................................................ 341
Edge-Edge Jitter Measurements ............................................................................... 342
Edge-Edge Jitter Measurement Controls................................................................... 345
Adjust Rj................................................................................................................................ 345
Async N Cycle Plot ............................................................................................................... 345
Edge-Edge Spacing Controls ............................................................................................... 345
16 SDA-OM-E Rev H
SDA Function Reference ..................................................................................346
AltNcycle ................................................................................................................... 347
AltNcycle Control Summary.................................................................................................. 348
Htie to BER................................................................................................................ 350
Jitter Filter Function................................................................................................... 352
Slice2Persist.............................................................................................................. 353
Multi-Eye Measurements ..................................................................................355
Overview of Multi-Eye Measurement Tools............................................................... 355
Setup and Installation................................................................................................ 356
Multi-Eye Setup and Installation ........................................................................................... 356
Example Setups.................................................................................................................... 357
Front Side Bus (FSB) ................................................................................................ 359
Introduction to FSB ............................................................................................................... 359
FSB Theory of Operation ...................................................................................................... 360
Transition/Non-Transition Eye Diagram .................................................................... 363
Gated (Qualified) Eye Diagram ................................................................................. 364
SDA Theory ......................................................................................................365
Clock recovery........................................................................................................... 365
Eye Pattern................................................................................................................ 368
Eye Violation Locator (ASDA Option) ................................................................................... 369
Eye Pattern Measurements....................................................................................... 370
Eye Amplitude....................................................................................................................... 370
Eye Height............................................................................................................................. 371
Eye Width.............................................................................................................................. 371
Extinction Ratio ..................................................................................................................... 371
Eye Crossing......................................................................................................................... 371
Average Power ..................................................................................................................... 371
Q Factor or BER ................................................................................................................... 372
eyeBER................................................................................................................................. 372
Jitter Measurement.................................................................................................... 373
Bit Error Rate and Jitter ........................................................................................................ 375
Total Jitter ............................................................................................................................. 375
Extrapolating the PDF........................................................................................................... 377
Separating Rj and Dj – Two Methods ................................................................................... 379
Effective Random and Deterministic Jitter............................................................................ 379
Direct Measurement of Deterministic Jitter........................................................................... 380
Comparing Models .................................................................................................... 382
Bit Error Rate ........................................................................................................................ 383
Bit Error Map......................................................................................................................... 383
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Vertical Noise Compensation .................................................................................... 385
Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 385
Signal Slew Rate and How Vertical Noise Converts to Jitter................................................ 385
The Relative Impact of Noise on Jitter (Quadratic Addition of Noise) .................................. 386
How the Measurement System Noise Is Subtracted from the Jitter Measurement.............. 386
Q-scale Theory .......................................................................................................... 386
Introduction ........................................................................................................................... 386
Interpretation of TIE Histogram – the Distribution of Edge Transition Times vs. Ideal
(Expected) Transition Times................................................................................................. 387
Relationship between Histograms and PDF ......................................................................... 387
Integrating the PDFs............................................................................................................. 388
Extrapolation of the Distribution Tails (Extremes) ................................................................ 389
The Error Function erf(x), Inverse Error Function erf-1(x) and Related Functions................ 389
The Relationship between the Inverse Error Function and Total Jitter ................................ 390
Application of Error Function to Measured Jitter CDF (on Q-scale) ..................................... 391
Automatic Renormalization of the Q-scale ........................................................................... 393
Obtaining Deterministic and Random (Gaussian) Components from the Normalized Q-scale
Diagram ................................................................................................................................ 396
INTRODUCTION
How to Use Online Help
Type Styles
Activators of pop-up text and images appear as green, underlined, italic: Pop-up. To close pop-up
text and images after opening them, touch the pop-up text again.
Link text appears blue and underlined: Link. Links jump you to other topics, URLs, or images; or
to another location within the same Help window. After making a jump, you can touch the Back
icon in the toolbar at the top of the Help window to return to the Help screen you just left.
With each touch of the Back icon, you return to the preceding Help screen.
Instrument Help
When you press the front panel HELP button (if available), or touch the on-screen Help button,
you will be presented with a menu: you can choose either to have information found for you
automatically or to search for information yourself.
If you want context-sensitive Help, that is, Help related to what was displayed on the screen when
you requested Help, touch in the drop-down menu, then touch the on-screen
control (or front panel button or knob) that you need information about. The instrument will
automatically display Help about that control.
If you want information about something not displayed on the screen, touch one of the buttons
inside the drop-down menu to display the online Help manual:
Contents displays the Table of Contents.
Index displays an alphabetical listing of keywords.
Search locates every occurrence of the keyword that you enter.
www.lecroy.com connects you to LeCroy's Web site where you can find Lab
Briefs, Application Notes, and other useful information. This feature requires
that the instrument be connected to the internet through the Ethernet port on
the scope's rear panel. Refer to Remote Communication for setup
instructions.
About opens the Utilities "Status" dialog, which shows software version and
other system information.
18 SDA-OM-E Rev H
SDA Operator’s Manual
Once opened, the Help window will display its navigation pane: the part of the window that shows
the Table of Contents and Index. When you touch anywhere outside of the Help window, this
navigation pane will disappear to reveal more of your signal. To make it return, touch the Show
icon at the top of the Help window or touch anywhere inside the Help information pane.
Windows Help
In addition to instrument Help, you can also access online Help for Microsoft® Windows®. This
help is accessible by minimizing the scope application, then touching the Start button in the
Windows task bar at the bottom of the screen and selecting Help.
Returning a Product for Service or Repair
If you need to return a LeCroy product, identify it by its model and serial numbers. Describe the
defect or failure, and give us your name and telephone number.
For factory returns, use a Return Authorization Number (RAN), which you can get from customer
service. Write the number clearly on the outside of the shipping carton.
Return products requiring only maintenance to your local customer service center.
If you need to return your scope for any reason, use the original shipping carton. If this is not
possible, be sure to use a rigid carton. The scope should be packed so that it is surrounded by a
minimum of four inches (10 cm) of shock absorbent material.
Within the warranty period, transportation charges to the factory will be your responsibility.
Products under warranty will be returned to you with transport prepaid by LeCroy. Outside the
warranty period, you will have to provide us with a purchase order number before the work can be
done. You will be billed for parts and labor related to the repair work, as well as for shipping.
You should prepay return shipments. LeCroy cannot accept COD (Cash On Delivery) or Collect
Return shipments. We recommend using air freight.
Technical Support
You can get assistance with installation, calibration, and a full range of software applications from
your customer service center. Visit the LeCroy Web site at www.lecroy.com or call 1-800-553-
2769 for the center nearest you.
SDA-OM-E Rev H 19
20 SDA-OM-E Rev H
Staying Up-to-Date
To maintain your instrument’s performance within specifications, have us calibrate it at least once
a year. LeCroy offers state-of-the-art performance by continually refining and improving the
instrument’s capabilities and operation. We frequently update both firmware and software during
service, free of charge during warranty.
You can also install new purchased software options in your scope yourself, without having to
return it to the factory. Simply provide us with your instrument serial number and ID, and the
version number of instrument software installed. We will provide you with a unique option key that
consists of a code to be entered through the Utilities' Options dialog to load the software option.
Warranty
The instrument is warranted for normal use and operation, within specifications, for a period of
three years from shipment. LeCroy will either repair or, at our option, replace any product
returned to one of our authorized service centers within this period. However, in order to do this
we must first examine the product and find that it is defective due to workmanship or materials
and not due to misuse, neglect, accident, or abnormal conditions or operation.
LeCroy shall not be responsible for any defect, damage, or failure caused by any of the following:
a) attempted repairs or installations by personnel other than LeCroy representatives, or b)
improper connection to incompatible equipment or c) for any damage or malfunction caused by
the use of non-LeCroy supplies. Furthermore, LeCroy shall not be obligated to service a product
that has been modified or integrated where the modification or integration increases the task
duration or difficulty of servicing the oscilloscope. Spare and replacement parts, and repairs, all
have a 90-day warranty.
The oscilloscope’s firmware has been thoroughly tested and is presumed to be functional.
Nevertheless, it is supplied without warranty of any kind covering detailed performance. Products
not made by LeCroy are covered solely by the warranty of the original equipment manufacturer.
Windows License Agreement
LeCroy's agreement with Microsoft prohibits users from running software on LeCroy X-Stream
oscilloscopes that is not relevant to measuring, analyzing, or documenting waveforms.
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