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patient feels. Pain relief varies by individual patient, mode selected
for therapy, and the type of pain. In many patients, the reduction or
elimination of pain lasts longer than the actual period of stimulation
(sometimes as much as threeto fourtimes longer). In others, painis
onlymodified whilestimulation actuallyoccurs. You may discuss
thiswithyour physician or therapist.
Chapter 2 : CAUTIONS
1. Precautions:
Isolated cases of skin irritation may occurat the site of electrode
placement following logn-term application. Effectiveness is highly
dependent upon patient selection bya person qualified in the
managementofpain patients.
2. Contradictions:
TENS devices can affect the operation of demand type cardiac
pacemakers. TENS is not recommended for patients with known
heartdisease withoutphysicalevaluationofrisk. Donot use TENS
on the carotidsinus(neck) region. Do no apply TENS for
undiagnosed painsyndromes untiletiologyisestablished. Donot
stimulate on thesite that may cause current to flow transcerebrally
(through the head).
3. Adverse Reactions
Possibleallergictogel,skin irritation and electrodeburnarepotential
adverse reactions.
4. Readoperation manual beforeuse of TENS.
5. Weemphasize thatpatient withan implantedelectronic device (for
example,apacemaker)should notundergoTENStreatment without
first consulting adoctor. Thesame applies topatients with any
metallicimplants.
6. If TENS therapy becomes ineffective or unpleasant, stimulation
should be discontinueduntilits useis reevaluatedbythephysician
ortherapist.
7. Avoid adjusting controls whileoperating machinery orvehicles.
8. Turn the T.E.N.S.off before applying or removing electrodes.
Chapter 1 : INTRODUCTION
EXPLANATION OF PAIN
Painis awarning systemand the body smethod oftelling usthat
something iswrong. Painisimportant; withoutit abnormal conditions
may go undetected,causing damage or injury tovitalparts ofour
bodies.
Eventhoughpainisanecessarywarningsignal oftraumaormalfunction
inthe body,nature mayhavegonetoo farinits design.Asidefromits
valueindiagnosis,long-lasting persistentpainservesnousefulpurpose.
Paindoes not begin until acodedmessagetravels tothe brainwhere
itis decoded, analyzed,andthenreacted to.Thepainmessage
travelsfromthe injured area along the smallnerves leading tothe
spinal cord. Here the message is switched to differentnerves that
travel up thespinal cordtothe brain. Thepain message isthen
interpreted, referred back and thepain is felt.
EXPLANATION OF TENS
Transcutaneous ElectricalNerve Stimulationis a non-invasive, drug-
free method of controlling pain. TENS uses tiny electrical impulses
sentthrough theskin to nerves to modify yourpainperception.TENS
doesnotcureanyphysiological problem;itonly helps control thepain.
TENSdoesnotworkfor everyone;however,inmost patients it is
effective inreducing or eliminating the pain, allowing for areturn to
normalactivity.
HOWTENSWORKS
Thereis nothing “magic”aboutTranscutaneousElectricalNerve
Stimulation (TENS).TENSisintended to be used torelievepain.The
TENSunit sendscomfortable impulsesthroughtheskinthatstimulate
thenerve(ornerves)inthetreatmentarea. In manycases, this
stimulation will greatlyreduceor eliminatethe painsensationthe