Magtrol 5100 User manual

[phone] | [email protected] | artisantg.com
-~
ARTISAN
®
~I
TECHNOLOGY
GROUP
Your definitive source
for
quality
pre-owned
equipment.
Artisan Technology
Group
Full-service,
independent
repair
center
with
experienced
engineers
and
technicians
on staff.
We
buy
your
excess,
underutilized,
and
idle
equipment
along
with
credit
for
buybacks
and
trade-ins
.
Custom
engineering
so
your
equipment
works
exactly as
you
specify.
•
Critical
and
expedited
services
•
Leasing
/
Rentals/
Demos
• In
stock/
Ready-to-ship
•
!TAR-certified
secure
asset
solutions
Expert
team
ITrust
guarantee
I
100%
satisfaction
All
tr
ademarks,
br
a
nd
names, a
nd
br
a
nd
s a
pp
earing here
in
are
th
e property of
th
e
ir
r
es
pecti
ve
ow
ner
s.
Visit our website - Click HERE

Model 5100Model 5100
Model 5100Model 5100
Model 5100
Single PhaseSingle Phase
Single PhaseSingle Phase
Single Phase
PP
PP
Power Analyzerower Analyzer
ower Analyzerower Analyzer
ower Analyzer
UserUser
UserUser
User’s Manual’s Manual
’s Manual’s Manual
’s Manual

ii
While every precaution has been exercised in the compilation of
this document, Magtrol, Inc. assumes no responsibility for errors
or omissions. Additionally, no liability is assumed for any damages
that may result from the use of the information contained within
this publication.
Trademark Acknowledgments
GPIB-PC is a trademark of National Instruments Corporation.
IBM is a registered trademark International Business Machines Corporation.
QuickBASIC is a registered trademark of Microsoft Corporation.
GE-MOV is a registered trademark of the General Electric Corporation.
FLUKE is a registered trademark of the John Fluke Mfg. Company.
Microsoft is a registered trademark of the Microsoft Corporation.
Supercon is a registered trademark of the Superior Electric Company.
wwww
wwww
www.w.
w.w.
w.mm
mm
magtragtr
agtragtr
agtroo
oo
ol.cl.c
l.cl.c
l.coo
oo
omm
mm
m
Sales and TSales and T
Sales and TSales and T
Sales and Technical Assistanceechnical Assistance
echnical Assistanceechnical Assistance
echnical Assistance
Manufacturers of:
Motor Test Equipment
!
Hysteresis Brakes and Clutches
70 Gardenville Parkway
Buffalo, New York 14224 USA
Tel: [phone] or 1-800-828-7844
Fax: [phone]
MAGTROL, INC.MAGTROL, INC.
MAGTROL, INC.MAGTROL, INC.
MAGTROL, INC.
Rev. B 02/01

iii
TT
TT
Table of Contentsable of Contents
able of Contentsable of Contents
able of Contents
SALES AND TECHNICAL ASSISTANCE .............................................................................................. ii
TABLE OF REVISIONS.......................................................................................................................... vi
1 - INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................ 1
Abbreviations ...................................................................................................................................................... 1
Unpacking ........................................................................................................................................................... 1
Power .................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Fuse Replacement ............................................................................................................................................... 1
Safety .................................................................................................................................................................. 1
Connectors .......................................................................................................................................................... 1
Maximum Ratings............................................................................................................................................... 1
Installation .......................................................................................................................................................... 2
ORIENTATION .................................................................................................................................................................... 2
ELECTRICAL LOAD ............................................................................................................................................................ 2
IEEE-488 (GPIB) ........................................................................................................................................................... 2
Initial Checkout................................................................................................................................................... 2
Transient Overloads ............................................................................................................................................ 2
Current Overload ................................................................................................................................................ 2
2 - SPECIFICATIONS .............................................................................................................................. 3
Voltage ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Current ................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Meter Impedance ................................................................................................................................................ 3
Resolution ........................................................................................................................................................... 3
Isolation............................................................................................................................................................... 3
Display Auto Zero............................................................................................................................................... 3
Analog Outputs ................................................................................................................................................... 3
Data Acquisition ................................................................................................................................................. 3
ANALOG ........................................................................................................................................................................... 3
DIGITAL ............................................................................................................................................................................ 3
Measurement Accuracy ...................................................................................................................................... 4
Accuracy Certification ........................................................................................................................................ 4
3 - CONNECTING THE 5100 .................................................................................................................. 5
Surge Protection .................................................................................................................................................. 5
External Shunts ................................................................................................................................................... 5
Figure 1. External Shunt Connection ............................................................................................................ 5
Connectors .......................................................................................................................................................... 5
Single Phase AC or DC Connections.................................................................................................................. 6
Figure 2. Single Phase AC or DC with Remote Voltage Sense ..................................................................... 6
Three Phase, 3 Wire Delta Connections ............................................................................................................. 6
Figure 3. Three Phase, 3 Wire Delta, 2 Wattmeter with Remote Voltage Sense .......................................... 7
Three Phase, 3 Wire Wye, 2 Wattmeter Connections ........................................................................................ 7

iv
Figure 4. Three Phase, 3 Wire Wye, 2 Wattmeter with Remote Voltage Sense ............................................ 7
Three Phase, 4 Wire Wye, 3 Wattmeter Connections ........................................................................................ 7
Figure 5. Three Phase, 4 Wire Wye, 3 Wattmeter with Remote Voltage Sense ............................................ 7
Single Phase Current & Potential Transformer Connections ............................................................................. 8
Figure 6. Current & Potential Transformer - Single Phase .........................................................................8
Three Phase, 4 Wire Balanced Load, 1 Wattmeter Connections........................................................................ 8
Figure 7. Three Phase, 4 Wire Wye, Balanced Load, 1 Wattmeter............................................................... 8
Three Phase, 3 Wire Balanced Load, 1 Wattmeter Connections........................................................................ 8
Figure 8. Three Phase, 3 Wire, Balanced Load, 1 Wattmeter ......................................................................8
4 - OPERATION ...................................................................................................................................... 9
General ................................................................................................................................................................ 9
Amperes Display................................................................................................................................................. 9
Voltage Display .................................................................................................................................................. 9
Watts or Power Factor ........................................................................................................................................ 9
Mode Hold .......................................................................................................................................................... 9
Mode Avg ......................................................................................................................................................... 10
Analog Output Option....................................................................................................................................... 10
Figure 9. Analog Output Connections ........................................................................................................ 10
5 - GPIB COMMUNICATION................................................................................................................. 11
GPIB (IEEE-488) .............................................................................................................................................. 11
Hardware Installation ........................................................................................................................................ 11
Software Installation ......................................................................................................................................... 11
Primary Address ............................................................................................................................................... 11
Figure 10. GPIB Address Selection ............................................................................................................... 11
IBM® and Compatibles Instructions ................................................................................................................ 11
READ CYCLE .................................................................................................................................................................. 12
QuickBASIC® Example ................................................................................................................................... 12
GPIB Instruction Set ......................................................................................................................................... 12
Special Functions .............................................................................................................................................. 13
6 - OPERATING PRINCIPLES .............................................................................................................. 14
Amperes Transducing ....................................................................................................................................... 14
Voltage Sensing ................................................................................................................................................ 14
Figure 11. 5100 Input Circuits ...................................................................................................................... 14
Analog Processing ............................................................................................................................................ 14
Figure 12. Block Diagram ............................................................................................................................. 15
Digital Processing ............................................................................................................................................. 15
7 - CALIBRATION ................................................................................................................................. 16
General .............................................................................................................................................................. 16
Test Setup.......................................................................................................................................................... 16
Figure 13. Calibration Verification Test Setup ............................................................................................. 16
Calibration Verification .................................................................................................................................... 17
VOLTS CALIBRATION CHECK ............................................................................................................................................. 17
AMPERES CALIBRATION CHECK ........................................................................................................................................ 17
WATTS CALIBRATION CHECK ........................................................................................................................................... 18

v
MINOR ADJUSTMENT (IF NEEDED) ..................................................................................................................................... 18
VOLTS ZERO ................................................................................................................................................................... 18
AMPERES ZERO ............................................................................................................................................................... 18
VOLTS SCALE FACTOR ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
AMPERES SCALE FACTOR ................................................................................................................................................. 19
VOLTS BALANCE ............................................................................................................................................................. 19
CURRENT BALANCE ......................................................................................................................................................... 19
WATTS SCALE FACTOR .................................................................................................................................................... 19
APPENDIX A: SCHEMATICS .............................................................................................................. 20
Circuit Board 78B128 - LED display ............................................................................................................... 20
Circuit Board 78B141 ....................................................................................................................................... 21
Circuit Board 78B142 ....................................................................................................................................... 22
Circuit Board 78B175 ....................................................................................................................................... 22
Circuit Board 78B143 ....................................................................................................................................... 23
Circuit Board 78B144 ....................................................................................................................................... 24
Circuit Board 78B145 - Digital Readout & MPU ............................................................................................ 25
Parts Location for Circuit Board 78B143 ......................................................................................................... 26
MAGTROL LIMITED WARRANTY ....................................................................................................... 27

vi
TT
TT
Table of Rable of R
able of Rable of R
able of Revisionsevisions
evisionsevisions
evisions
Date Change Page Number(s)
02/07/00 Added External Shunt Connection Drawing 5

1
1 - Introduction1 - Introduction
1 - Introduction1 - Introduction
1 - Introduction
ABBREVIATIONS
AP rezylanArewoP0015ledoM
BIPG dradnatSsuBtnemurtsnI884-EEEI
DEL thgilrotacidnilenaptnorf
FP,W,V,A
AVdna rotcaFrewoP,sttaW,stloV,serepmA
ylevitcepser,serepmAtloVdna
UPM tinurossecorporcim
BSL,DSL tibrotigidtnacifingistsael
RRMC oitarnoitcejeredomnommoc
UNPACKING
The Model 5100 is packed in reusable, shock resistant
packing material that will protect the instrument during
normal handling. In the event of shipping damage,
immediately notify the carrier and MAGTROL
Customer Service Dept.
Save all shipping materials for reuse when returning
the instrument for calibration or servicing.
POWER
The 5100 PA is factory wired for either 120 or 240
Vrms, 50/60 Hz, power at 40 volt amps, max. The line
cord is a detachable NEMA standard 3 wire which plugs
into the rear access power entry and filter module of the
5100 PA. The line cord must be detached from the PA
during servicing.
NOTE: The standard 5100 is factory
wired for 120 Vrms power.
Wiring for 240 Vrms is available
on special order.
FUSE REPLACEMENT
Remove the line cord and carefully pry up and remove
the fuse holder. Use a 1/2 Amp slow blow fuse for 120
Vrms or a 1/4 Amp slow blow fuse for 240 Vrms power.
SAFETY
SECURELY GROUND the 5100 PA case by
connecting a good earth ground at the ground stud that
is located on the rear panel. Use a number 12 AWG, or
larger wire.
CONNECTORS
Plugs that mate with 5100 PA connectors:
Superior Electric Supercon®
INPUT (plug, white, female) - PS50GWT
OUTPUT (plug, white, male) - PP50GWT
VOLTS HIGH (plug, black, female) - PS25GB
VOLTS LOW (plug, white, female) - PS25GWT
For your convenience, the above connectors are supplied
with your 5100 PA.
Use only the above connectors.
NOTE: GPIB (IEEE-488) - 24 Pin bus
standard. Not included, must be
ordered separately.
MAXIMUM RATINGS
LOAD voltage: line to line, or line to common is 600
Vrms.
LOAD current: 50 Amperes rms, continuous.
100 Amperes rms, 30 sec. max.
REMOTE VOLTAGE SENSE: Line to line is 600
Vrms. Also, do not exceed 600 Vrms differential
between the VOLTS INPUT and AMPS OUTPUT
terminals.

2
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 1 - Introduction
INSTALLATION
ORIENTATION
The 5100 PA must be mounted within ± 20 degrees
from horizontal. This insures proper operation of the
mercury shunt bypass relay.
ELECTRICAL LOAD
Use wire rated for the maximum load current and voltage
expected.
Hint - use wire gauge large enough to insure good
connector set screw compression on the wire leads.
Soldering may be used instead of, or in addition to the
set screw.
IEEE-488 (GPIB)
Use only high quality shielded cable conforming to the
bus standards.
INITIAL CHECKOUT
Make sure the circuit is completely de-energized by
removing all voltage sources.
Plug the 5100 PA into the 50/60 Hz power mains.
Switch the POWER rocker switch (red) to ON and
observe that the digit readouts flash on-off-on and then
indicate zero or a small number. The VOLTS and
AMPERES range switch indicator lights will all
illuminate. The voltage ranges sequence down from 600
through 15 and current ranges sequence down from 50
through 2. The 15 Volt, 2 Amp and AUTO indicators
will remain illuminated. The MODE indicators do not
light during this power-on sequencing.
Your 5100 PA has passed the initial check.
TRANSIENT OVERLOADS
Connect an appropriate transient suppressor in parallel
with all inductive loads. Consult the suppressor vendors
application literature for proper selection and sizing.
Damage to the 5100 can result from
excessive voltage transients generated
by unsuppressed inductive loads.
This damage is not within the scope of
the normal instrument service and is not
covered by the MAGTROL WARRANTY.
CURRENT OVERLOAD
NO FUSES are in the 5100 PA measuring circuits.
Therefore, excessive current passed through the AMPS
terminals will cause excessive internal heating and
possible unit damage.
This overload abuse is not covered by
the MAGTROL WARRANTY.
Know your load conditions and double check all
connections. If an overload should occur, immediately
remove all power , locate and correct the problem before
re-energizing your circuit. If a circuit breaker is
installed, it must be installed on the LOAD side of the
5100 (downstream). This will keep the low impedance
of the input line connected to the 5100 PA for surge
suppression. If the line side must also contain a breaker,
it should be delayed in operation to open after the load
side breaker has opened.

3
2 - Specifications2 - Specifications
2 - Specifications2 - Specifications
2 - Specifications
VOLTAGE
Five DC and AC Ranges:
•15, 30, 150, 300 & 600 Volts DC & Volts rms.
Remote Voltage Sensing:
•Differential input - 110 dB CMRR.
•Maximum of 30 Volts peak, volts low terminal
to amps output terminal.
CURRENT
Five DC and AC Ranges:
•2, 5, 10, 20 and 50 Amps DC and Amps rms.
METER IMPEDANCE
Voltage, DC or AC:
•3 Megohm load on each voltage range.
Current, DC or AC Ranges:
•0.011 Ohm shunt resistance in the 2, 5, 10 and
20 Amp ranges.
•0.001 Ohm shunt resistance in the 50 Amp
range.
RESOLUTION
Processing resolution is 16 binary bits.
Voltage Display:
•All ranges ≤9.999 V is ± 0.001 Volt.
•Ranges ≥10 V and ≤99.9 V is ± 0.01 Volt.
•Ranges ≥100 V is ± 0.1 Volt.
Current Display:
•All ranges ≤9.999 A is ± 0.001 Amp.
•Ranges ≥10 A and ≤50 A is ± 0.01 Amp.
Power Display:
•± 0.01% of active Volts and Amps range
•GPIB - Amps, Volts and Watts
Same as display resolution.
ISOLATION
1500 Vrms break down from input circuit to chassis
(ground).
DISPLAY AUTO ZERO
When the A and V, display indication is less than 0.5 %
of range, the displayed value is set to ZERO.
Refer to SECTION 5 - SPECIAL FUNCTIONS to
disable the AUTO ZERO function.
ANALOG OUTPUTS
This is an optional feature.
Analog AMPS, VOLTS and WATTS output signals
are a relative value of approximately 5 Volts DC for
full scale on each range selected. These outputs are
calibrated to 5.00 Volts DC ± 0.2% for full scale input
on the 10 Amp current range and 150 Volt voltage range
(1500 Watt range). Ripple is less than 5 mV.
The outputs are operational amplifiers with an
impedance of < 1 Ohm and current capacity of < 4 mA.
Each output signal and common is electrically isolated
from the measured circuit by 750 Volts continuous and
2500 Volts test breakdown. Leakage current is less than
0.3 µA at 240 Vrms, 60 Hz.
DATA ACQUISITION
ANALOG
The conversion of true rms to DC is expressed as:
Vrms ≡
()
12
0
Tvtdt
T
∫
•Rms to DC conversion averaging time constant:
Volts and Amps time constant TC ≅60 msec.
Watts time constant TC ≅120 msec.
Watts = V ×I ×cos θ(instantaneous)
DIGITAL
•Processing:
Integration period = 0.10 second.
Display update time = 2 readings per second.
•IEEE-488 (GPIB):
Synchronized = 0.1 sec. per reading
Non-synchronized is 0.04 to 0.07 sec per
reading.

4
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 2 - Specifications
MEASUREMENT ACCURACY
Specified test conditions: Ambient temperature of 72°
± 10°F and power factor of 0.1 to 1.0, lead or lag.
CD-EGATLOV +)egnarfo%2.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
:CA-EGATLOV
zH02<otzH01 +egnarfo%0.1
zH54<otzH02 +)egnarfo%3.0+gnidaerfo%2.0(
zHk01<otzH54 +)egnarfo%2.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
zHk02otzHk01 +)egnarfo%3.0+gnidaerfo%2.0(
CD-TNERRUC segnaRpmA05dna02,01,5,2
+)egnarfo%2.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
:CA-TNERRUC segnaRpmA02dna01,5,2
zH02<otzH01 +egnarfo%0.1
zH54<otzH02 +)egnarfo%3.0+gnidaerfo%2.0(
zHk1<otzH54 +)egnarfo%2.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
zHk5<otzHk1 +)egnarfo%3.0+gnidaerfo%2.0(
zHk01<otzHk5 +gnidaerfo%0.1
zHk02otzHk01 +gnidaerfo%0.2
egnaRpmA05
zHk1<otzH01 egnarpmA02saemas
zHk2otzHk1 +egnarfo%0.2
CD-REWOP +)egnarAVfo%3.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
CA-REWOP +)egnarAVfo%2.0+gnidaerfo%1.0(
ROTCAFREWOP +rorreAV(+)rorreW
YALPSID BSL1±rorreyalpsidlatigiD
ROTCAFTSERC )elacsllufegnarfo%05ta(1:3sdeecxE
ERUTAREPMET
TNEICIFFEOC +xam.C.gedrepegnarfo%10.0
ACCURACY CERTIFICATION
All instruments are shipped with a CERTIFICATE of
CALIBRATION from MAGTROL Inc. Magtrol
policies and procedures comply with MIL-STD-
45662A. Measurement standards are traceable to the
National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST).
Instrument calibration every six calendar months is
necessary to maintain full compliance with all
specifications.
If a one year calibration cycle is used, all accuracy
specifications are reduced by 0.1%. After one calendar
year, the instrument is considered to be out of
calibration.

5
5100 BACK PANEL
SOURCE
High
Low
LOAD
High
Low
Black
White
WhiteBlack
Ext. Shunt
Input Output
AMPS
High
Low
VOLTS
Black
White
Black
White
External Shunt
3 - Connecting the 51003 - Connecting the 5100
3 - Connecting the 51003 - Connecting the 5100
3 - Connecting the 5100
Always install a properly rated circuit
breaker or fuse between the 5100
analyzer and the load. Also, make sure
that your power source has it's own
disconnect and overload protection that
has an operating time lag that insures
the load breaker always operates first.
Wire according to all applicable wiring
codes, making sure the wire gauge and
insulation ratings are adequate for your
application.
SURGE PROTECTION
Use Metal Oxide Varistors (MOV) or other
PROTECTION:equivalent transient suppressors
connected between lines at the load (across the load).
These suppressors are an absolute necessity when
inductive loads are used. In three phase systems, each
load must have a suppressor.
EXTERNAL SHUNTS
Figure 1. External Shunt Connection
100 All watts
150 EXT-600V-KW
200 EXT-600-KW
250 EXT-300 & 600-KW
400 EXT-300 & 600
750 EXT-150, 300 & 600-KW
1000A EXT-150, 300 & 600
•EXT Shunt must be plugged in (even if not in
use) or 5100 will display “HELP.”
•EXT Shunt is calibrated with one 5100. Calibration
will be off if used with a different 5100.
•Sense leads to shunt should not be disconnected
or calibration will be off.
•Shunt must be sent back with 5100 for
recalibration.
CONNECTORS
Use the supplied Supercon®connectors.
AMPS:
INPUT - PLUG, WHITE, FEMALE-(PS50GWT)
OUTPUT - PLUG, WHITE, MALE-(PP50GWT)
VOLTS:
HIGH - PLUG, BLACK, FEMALE-(PS25GB)
LOW - PLUG, WHITE, FEMALE-(PS25GWT)

6
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 3 - Connecting the 5100
(WHITE)
LOW GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
MOV
HIGH (BLACK) EARTH
CB
LOAD
LINE
Figure 2. Single Phase AC or DC with
Remote Voltage Sense
THREE PHASE, 3 WIRE DELTA CONNECTIONS
Load true power is the algebraic sum of the two wattmeter readings ( W = W1 ×W2 ) regardless of load power
factor or balance. The general discussion from Figure 2 applies.
NOTE: For load power factor = 0.5, one wattmeter reads zero, as the power factor goes less than 0.5
it's power is negative and is subtracted in the algebraic watts summation. The 5100 PA will
not display a minus sign for this condition. If your 5100 has the Analog Output Option, the
watts (relative) polarity is available by measuring both analog watts outputs. For power
factors greater than 0.5, the polarity of both wattmeters will be the same therefore, true power
in watts is simply the unsigned sum of the wattmeter readings.
SINGLE PHASE AC OR DC CONNECTIONS
This circuit utilizes the 5100 PA REMOTE VOLTAGE SENSE feature by measuring the voltage at the load. This
increases measurement accuracy by eliminating line voltage drop from the power measurement. For safety, an
overload circuit breaker (CB) removes all load voltage during an over current condition. Make sure that connections
from the remote voltage sense lines are connected very close to the circuit breaker and the lines from the breaker to
load are as short as possible.
If a circuit breaker is used in the input line to the 5100 PA, a circuit should be used that prevents
the breaker from opening until after the load side breaker has operated. Otherwise, potentially
damaging inductive transients will be applied to the 5100 PA. Damage caused by these
transients are outside the scope of the MAGTROL WARRANTY.
For voltage sense lines less than 25 feet in length, a twisted pair of #20 gauge (or larger) wire can be used. For lines
longer than 25 feet or lines grouped with other AC conductors, shielded cable should be used. Connect the shield at
the 5100 PA GND terminal. If the wires connecting the load to the 5100 PA OUTPUT are short and the resulting
voltage drop is insignificant, the voltage sense connections can be made at the rear panel of the 5100 PA.
Connect the chassis ground terminal to a good earth ground. Use at least #12 gauge
insulated copper wire.

7
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer Chapter 3 - Connecting the 5100
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
EARTH
CB
LINE
EARTH
LOAD
LOAD
LOAD
MOV
Ø1
Ø2
Ø3
MOV
MOV
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
Figure 3. Three Phase, 3
Wire Delta, 2
Wattmeter with
Remote
Voltage Sense
THREE PHASE, 4 WIRE WYE, 3 WATTMETER CONNECTIONS
Three wattmeters are required for unbalanced loads. Total power is the algebraic sum of the three wattmeter readings.
The general discussion from Figure 2 and the power factor discussion of Figure 3 applies.
CB
LINE
EARTH
Ø1
Ø2
Ø3
NEUTRAL
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
EARTH
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
EARTH
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
MOV
MOV
MOV
LOAD
LOAD
LOAD
W1
W2
W3
Figure 5. Three Phase, 4
Wire Wye, 3
Wattmeter with
Remote
Voltage Sense
THREE PHASE, 3 WIRE WYE, 2 WATTMETER CONNECTIONS
True power is the algebraic sum of the two wattmeter readings regardless of power factor and degree of load balance
- see NOTE for Figure 3, concerning power factors less than 0.5. Also, the general discussion from Figure 2 applies.
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
EARTH
CB
LINE
EARTH
Ø1
Ø2
Ø3
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
MOV
MOV
MOV
LOAD
LOAD
LOAD
Figure 4. Three Phase, 3
Wire Wye, 2
Wattmeter with
Remote
Voltage Sense

8
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 3 - Connecting the 5100
THREE PHASE, 4 WIRE BALANCED LOAD, 1 WATTMETER CONNECTIONS
With a balanced load, one wattmeter connected in one phase reads 1/3 of the total power consumed.
WATTSTOTAL = 3 ×WATTMETER READING
The general discussion from Figure 2 applies. The three load impedances are equal for balanced loads.
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
EARTH
CB
LINE
LOAD
MOV
01
LOAD
LOAD
02
03
NEUTRAL
MOV
MOV
Figure 7. Three Phase, 4
Wire Wye,
Balanced Load,
1 Wattmeter
THREE PHASE, 3 WIRE BALANCED LOAD, 1 WATTMETER CONNECTIONS
WATTSTOTAL = 3 ×WATTMETER READING
An artificial neutral is formed by a star connection of three identical resistors (R). The value of these resistors should
be high enough to avoid loading the lines and affecting the power measurement. The general discussion from Figure
2 applies. The three load impedances are equal for a balanced load.
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
EARTH
CB
LINE
LOAD
MOV
Ø1
LOAD
LOAD
Ø2
Ø3
R
R
R
MOV
MOV
Figure 8. Three Phase, 3
Wire, Balanced
Load, 1
Wattmeter
SINGLE PHASE CURRENT & POTENTIAL TRANSFORMER CONNECTIONS
Voltage and current measurement ranges can be extended by using current and potential transformers. Frequency
response will be determined by the characteristics of the transformers used. The general discussion from Figure 2
applies. Three phase lines can be measured by using the two or three wattmeter techniques previously illustrated.
GND
INPUT
AMPS
5100 PA
OUTPUT
LOW
VOLTS
HIGH
MOV 1
EARTH
CB
LOAD
CT PT
MOV 3MOV 2
LOW (WHITE)
HIGH (BLACK)
LINE
Figure 6. Current & Potential Transformer -
Single Phase

9
4 - Operation4 - Operation
4 - Operation4 - Operation
4 - Operation
GENERAL
Using Sections 1 and 3 as a guide, connect the 5100.
Before connecting the power mains, double check all
connections using an Ohmmeter.
Verify that the overcurrent circuit breaker is open and
connect the power mains.
Observing the 5100 front panel indicators. Turn the 5100
power switch ON and confirm proper operation - refer
to “Initial Checkout” under Chapter 1 - Introduction.
Energize the power mains and apply power to the load
by closing circuit breaker CB. If improper operation
occurs, immediately disconnect power mains, locate and
correct the problem.
The 5100 has three MODES - HOLD; PF (power factor)
and AVG (averaging); five AMPS ranges plus AUTO
(autoranging); and five VOLTS ranges plus AUTO. All
have adjacent red LED's indicating the active mode and
measurement range.
AMPERES DISPLAY
The AMPS display is a four digit, floating point display
of true AC rms or DC current flowing into the AMPS
INPUT connector (white) on the rear panel. For detailed
specifications refer to Chapter 2 - Specifications.
The 5100 defaults to AUTO (auto ranging) at turn on.
AUTO up-ranging occurs if the rms current exceeds
the top of the range value plus about 5% or, if a peak
value exceeds full range rms value ×1.414 plus
approximately 5%.
AUTO down ranging occurs when the current is just
less than full range value of the next lower range.
Selection of any amps range pushbutton activates the
selected range by overriding the AUTO- range selection
- AUTO LED goes off and selected AMPS LED
illuminates. However, the AUTO up-range function is
always silently monitoring the current and is ready to
up-range the instrument if the current increases above
the range full scale. If the current falls below the value
of the originally selected range, that range will then re-
activate. The instrument will automatically up-range
from the measured current but will down-range only to
the selected range. The display will show "HELP" when
the 5100 PA maximum current is exceeded.
VOLTAGE DISPLAY
The VOLTS display is a four digit, unsigned floating
point display of AC rms or DC voltage between the
rear panel HIGH (black) and LOW (white) terminals.
The voltage input is differential (neither terminal tied
to common) allowing connection at a remotely located
load. This remote connection removes the voltage drop
in the load connection wires from the power
measurement. The VOLTS - LOW terminal (WHITE)
must be connected to the AMPS - OUTPUT line at the
load - see Figure 1.
The AUTO and manual VOLTS range selection is
identical in operation to the AMPS as described above.
WATTS OR POWER FACTOR
The WATTS display is five digit, unsigned floating
point display of power in WATTS or POWER FACTOR
as a decimal number.
WATTS is the power ON default MODE, press the
MODE - PF button for POWER FACTOR MODE.
Watts measurements are from milliwatts through 30
kilowatts, and Power Factors from 0.0001 through
0.9999.
WATTS = V ×I ×cos θ= TRUE POWER
The WATTS range is set by the AMPS and VOLTS
active ranges.
Power Factor True Power
V I
≡×
MODE HOLD
The HOLD pushbutton may be depressed at any time.
When depressed, all internal machine functions are
halted except auto ranging. If the AVG (averaging)
function is active when the HOLD button is depressed,
the last running average value of AMPS, VOLTS and
WATTS will be latched on the display.

10
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 4 - Operation
The HOLD and AVG functions can be combined. See
the MODE AVG paragraph, below.
MODE AVG
AVG is an integration or averaging function on VOLTS
, AMPS and WATTS.
Averaging remains active across manual or auto range
changes.
The averaging function is useful in stabilizing the display
when digits are changing because of slowly varying
values. Integration periods from seconds to minutes may
be needed.
The HOLD and AVG functions work together. When
entering AVG with HOLD off, the averaging registers
are cleared and integration starts from the current value.
With the HOLD function active first, pressing AVG
starts the integration point from the last stored values
of AMPS, VOLTS or WATTS. When AVG is turned
off, non-averaged values are displayed and the values
at that instant are stored in non-volatile RAM and upon
reentering the AVG mode will be returned as the new
averaging starting points. Also, when the Analyzer
power is turned off, the last averaged values stored will
be held and returned when the AVG function is
reactivated.
The HOLD - AVG function permits truly integrated
power measurements where power is applied
intermittently or, where a combination of devices require
integrated measurements with interruptions between
measurements.
NOTE: WATTHOURS can be
determined by using the AVG
function and a timing clock.
Watthours = (watts avg ×time in
hours)
Power Factor (PF) is not
averaged.
ANALOG OUTPUT OPTION
This option provides analog output signals for AMPS,
VOLTS and WATTS. These three analog outputs with
their common are isolated from the measured circuits
by 750 Volts continuous and 2500 Volts test breakdown.
The outputs are provided through a standard 5 pin DIN
style connector that is located on the rear panel of the
5100 - see figure 9 for connections.
The analog output voltage is calibrated to 5.00 Volts
DC for full scale input on the 10 Amp current range
and the 150 Volt voltage range (1500 Watt range). The
actual output on other ranges will be a relative value
close to 5 Volts due to tolerances in gain resistors and
instrumentation amplifiers. For example: Full scale
output on the 15 Volt range may be 4.95 Volts DC.
The analog output at 12 Volts input would be FS / Rng
×Rdg or 4.95 / 15 ×12 = 3.96 Volts DC.
NOTE: Analog output of POWER
FACTOR is not provided
See Chapter 2 - Specifications.
Figure 9. Analog Output Connections
N/C 5 1 COM
WATTS 4 2 AMPS
3
VOLTS

11
5 - GPIB Communication5 - GPIB Communication
5 - GPIB Communication5 - GPIB Communication
5 - GPIB Communication
GPIB (IEEE-488)
The IEEE-488 or GPIB (General Purpose Interface Bus)
provides direct connection and control of the 5100 from
any appropriately equipped computer for the purpose
of data acquisition and display. MAGTROL factory
assistance is available.
HARDWARE INSTALLATION
A GPIB interface requires installation of an interface
card in the host computer and driver software resident
on the PC's hard disk. MAGTROL can supply the
National Instruments Corp. GPIB-PC2A®interface, for
IBM®or compatible PC's.
SOFTWARE INSTALLATION
Formatting and initialization assistance is available from
MAGTROL Customer Service.
All GPIB data acquisition systems require the use of
termination characters to signal the conclusion of a data
exchange. The 5100 uses the Hewlett Packard - HPIB™
standard ASCII termination characters "Carriage Return
(CR) and Line Feed (LF)", in that order. On a write
cycle, the 5100 looks for the CR-LF to signal completion
of an instruction and transmits these characters upon
conclusion of a data read cycle.
PRIMARY ADDRESS
All instruments serviced on the bus have a separate
primary address code. The factory setting for the 5100
is twelve (12). This code can be changed by changing
the DIP switch settings that are located on the rear panel
and above the GPIB connector. Change this address
only if there is an addressing conflict with other
instrumentation on the bus. Refer to the table in Figure
10 to set the DIP switch pattern.
SWITCH SEGMENT
12345
LSB MSB
ADDRESS
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
0
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
1
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
124816
1
0
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8
Not Used
Figure 10. GPIB Address Selection
(Address 12 shown)
IBM®AND COMPATIBLES
INSTRUCTIONS
The 5100 PA is configured for the Hewlett Packard
standard termination characters of CARRIAGE
RETURN (CR hex OD) and LINE FEED (LF hex OA).
On a read cycle (5100 to PC), the 5100 expects the
standard IEEE-488 read protocols and primary address.
It responds with a data string followed by a CR and LF.
This signals the end of a transmission. Upon receipt of
these characters, the PC must be configured to terminate
GPIB communications and proceed with its own
program execution. On a write cycle (PC to 5100), the
5100 expects to receive: (1) the PRIMARY ADDRESS;
(2) INSTRUCTIONAL DATA STRING (3); the
TERMINATION CHARACTERS of CR and LF. If

12
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer
Chapter 5 - GPIB Communication
these characters are not forthcoming, the 5100 has no
way of knowing when to terminate handshaking, reset
the GPIB and continue with its program loop. If omitted,
the only way to restore operation is to cycle power OFF-
ON or, force a GPIB interface reset - if available.
READ CYCLE
In read (5100 to PC) command mode, the 5100 will
output a data string containing the information on the
AMPS, VOLTS and WATTS display.
The ASCII output format is:
A= aa.aaV=vvv.vW=ww.www<CR><LF>
aa.aa is the CURRENT value as displayed on the AMPS
display.
vvv.v is the VOLTAGE value as displayed on the
VOLTS display.
ww.www is the WATTS value as displayed on the
WATTS display.
The string length is always 24 characters. Most PC's
will require that the input string length be dimensioned.
If the 5100 is in PF (power factor) MODE instead of
WATTS, the "W" changes to "P".
QUICKBASIC® EXAMPLE
The following QuickBASIC ®program provides bus
control and data transfer.
'$INCLUDE: 'c:\gpib-pc\qbasic\qbdecl.bas'
rd$ = SPACE$(24)
eos$ = CHR$(13) + CHR$(10)
CALL IBFIND("gpib0", gpib0%)
CALL IBFIND("dev12", dev12%)
CALL IBSIC(gpib0%)
start:
CLS
LOCATE 23, 1: PRINT "Press any key ..."
LOCATE 1, 1: INPUT "Enter the function
character(s)"; f$
f$ = UCASE$(f$)
wrt$ = f$ + eos$
CALL IBWRT(dev12%, wrt$)
DO
CALL IBRD(dev12%, rd$)
LOCATE 12, 29: PRINT rd$
LOOP WHILE INKEY$ = ""
GOTO start
GPIB INSTRUCTION SET
AA Sets AMPS AUTO ranging on.
A2 Sets AMPS range to 2, AUTO o
A5 Sets AMPS range to 5, AUTO o
A10 Sets AMPS range to 10, AUTO o
A20 Sets AMPS range to 20, AUTO o
A50 Sets AMPS range to 50, AUTO o
AZ Sets AUTO zero o
Cycle POWER off/on to set AUTO zero on.
CAL Uncalibrated data
CALC Calibrated data
DEV Shifts GPIB operation to DEBUG.
DEVC Shifts from DEBUG to standard GPIB.
HSets HOLD function on.
HC Sets HOLD function off.
ISets the AVG function on.
IC Sets the AVG function off.
LLocks out all front panel controls
LC Clears front panel lockout.
OPEN Allows GPIB data access at random.
PSets WATTS display to show PF.
SYNC Sync's data access to 0.1 sec
VA Sets VOLTS AUTOranging on.
V15 Sets VOLTS range to 15, AUTOzero o
V30 Sets VOLTS range to 30, AUTOzero o
V150 Sets VOLTS range to 150, AUTOzero o
V300 Sets VOLTS range to 300, AUTOzero o
V600 Sets VOLTS range to 600, AUTOzero o
WSwitches from PF display to WATTS.
ZNV Sets all nonvolatile memory to zero.

13
Magtrol Model 5100 Single Phase Power Analyzer Chapter 5 - GPIB Communication
SPECIAL FUNCTIONS
Three special functions are available at power turn on:
(1) To disable autozero display function:
Turn 5100 power off; depress and simultaneously
hold the MODE-HOLD and the 2 AMPS range
buttons as POWER is switched ON. All least
significant digit (LSD) changes around zero will
display. Normal operation suppresses ± several
counts around zero.
(2) To remove the factory set calibration factors:
Turn the 5100 power off, depress and
simultaneously hold the MODE-PF and the 2
AMPS range buttons as POWER is switched ON.
Uncalibrated values (without factory programmed
calibration factors) are displayed.
(3) To remove all programmed calibration factors and
display the basic input binary word (integer BCD
format):
Turn the 5100 power off, depress and
simultaneously hold the MODE-AVG and the 2
AMPS range buttons as POWER switch ON.
NOTE: These functions are provided for
the 5100 PA performance
evaluation and are not of use to
the average user.