MICROTRONIX access 1000 series User manual

Microtronix
Access 1000 & 4000
X.25 – TCP/IP Gateway
Quick Start Guide 0.10.4

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
Table of Contents
1 Overview............................................................................................................................................. 4
1.1 Access X.25-TCP/IP Gateway m dels..........................................................................................4
1.2 WAN interface...............................................................................................................................5
1.3 C ns le interface.......................................................................................................................... 5
1.4 Netw rk (Ethernet) interface.........................................................................................................5
1.5 USB interface................................................................................................................................5
2 Packa e Check List............................................................................................................................ 6
3 Quick Start Guide............................................................................................................................... 7
3.1 Installati n..................................................................................................................................... 7
3.2 Ethernet / IP P rt........................................................................................................................... 7
3.2.1 Web Interface (htttp / https)...................................................................................................................7
3.2.2 Terminal Interface (telnet / ssh).............................................................................................................7
3.3 C ns le P rt (Opti nal).................................................................................................................7
3.3.1 U-Boot Command Access.....................................................................................................................7
3.3.2 Setting Default IP Parameters................................................................................................................7
3.3.3 Emergency IP Address Recovery..........................................................................................................8
3.3.4 System Firmware Updates.....................................................................................................................8
3.4 C nfigurati n Web Interface..........................................................................................................9
3.5 IP Netw rk C nfigurati n............................................................................................................10
3.5.1 Verifying IP Network..........................................................................................................................11
3.5.2 Monitoring IP Network........................................................................................................................11
3.6 X.25 C nfigurati n...................................................................................................................... 12
3.6.1 Layer 1 – Physical...............................................................................................................................12
3.6.2 Layer 2 – Data Link.............................................................................................................................13
3.6.3 Layer 3 – Packet..................................................................................................................................14
3.7 Verifying X.25 Interface............................................................................................................... 15
3.7.1 X.25 Status..........................................................................................................................................15
3.7.2 LAPB Status........................................................................................................................................15
3.7.3 HDLC Interface Status.........................................................................................................................15
3.7.4 Interface Statistics................................................................................................................................16
3.7.5 X.25 Monitor.......................................................................................................................................16
3.7.6 X.25 Logical Channel Status...............................................................................................................17
3.8 X.25 t TCP R uting C nfigurati n.............................................................................................18
3.8.1 Identify inbound X.25 connection.......................................................................................................18
3.8.2 Generate outbound TCP/IP connection................................................................................................18
3.8.3 Specify Conversion or Encapsulation Method.....................................................................................19
3.9 TCP t X.25 R uting C nfigurati n.............................................................................................20
3.9.1 Identify inbound TCP/IP connection...................................................................................................20
3.9.2 Specify Conversion or Encapsulation Method.....................................................................................20
3.9.3 Generate outbound X.25 connection....................................................................................................21
3.10 Verify X.25 Gateway Status.......................................................................................................22
3.10.1 Connection Status..............................................................................................................................22
3.10.2 Control & Log...................................................................................................................................22
3.11 Synchr n us Server C nfigurati n............................................................................................23
www.micr tr nix.c m 2

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.11.1 Device Settings..................................................................................................................................23
3.11.2 Network Settings...............................................................................................................................23
3.11.3 Update and Start the Server...............................................................................................................24
3.11.4 Verify Sync Server Connection.........................................................................................................24
3.12 Terminal Server C nfigurati n...................................................................................................25
3.12.1 Serial Settings....................................................................................................................................25
3.12.2 Conversion Settings...........................................................................................................................26
3.12.3 Network Settings...............................................................................................................................26
3.12.4 Update and Start the Server...............................................................................................................26
3.12.5 Verify Terminal Server Connection...................................................................................................27
4 Cables................................................................................................................................................ 28
4.1 WAN Cables................................................................................................................................ 28
4.1.1 Connecting to a DCE device................................................................................................................28
4.1.2 Connecting to a DTE device................................................................................................................28
4.2 Serial and C ns le Cables..........................................................................................................29
4.2.1 Connecting to a DCE device................................................................................................................29
4.2.2 Connecting to a DTE device................................................................................................................29
5 Encapsulation Messa e Formats....................................................................................................30
5.1 MBIT (2-byte c unt field).............................................................................................................30
5.2 RFC1006 (ISO TP)......................................................................................................................30
5.3 Q-MBIT (extended RFC1006).....................................................................................................30
5.4 XOT (RFC 1613 – X.25 Over TCP).............................................................................................30
5.5 OFTP (RFC 5024).......................................................................................................................30
5.6 RBP (Cisc Rec rd B undary Preservati n)...............................................................................30
5.7 QRBP.......................................................................................................................................... 31
5.8 AEPN.......................................................................................................................................... 31
6 Contact Microtronix.......................................................................................................................... 32
www.micr tr nix.c m 3

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
1 Overview
The Micr tr nix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway pr vides c nversi n between X.25 and TCP/IP
devices, r X.25 encapsulati n ver TCP (XOT). In additi n, raw synchr n us and serial terminal
servers may be c nfigured.
A web interface all ws f r c nfigurati n and m nit ring fr m any Internet br wser, and telnet/SSH
servers all w f r c nnecting t the c mmand line interface f r additi nal management.
1.1 Access X.25-TCP/IP Gateway models
The f ll wing table sh ws the available interfaces and c nnect r type f each Access Gateway m del.
Model RJ45
Ethernet
DB25F
WAN ports
USB host port
Interface
DB9M
Serial ports
Power
connector
1000-S04 1 1 external 0 AC adapter
1000-N04 1 1 external 0 -48VDC
4002-S04 1 2 external or internal 0 AC adapter
4002-N04 1 2 external or internal 0 -48VDC
4002-N04-RM 1 2 internal 0 -48VDC
4002-N44-RM 1 2 (not available) 4 -48VDC
The f ll wing pictures f the rear plate f each m del illustrate the interfaces and c nnect rs.
www.micr tr nix.c m 4
Model 1000-S04-UModel 4002-S04
Model 1000
Model 1000-S04-UModel 4002-S04
Model 4002-S04

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
The m del name and serial number are printed n the label l cated n the b tt m f the unit.
The f ll wing secti ns describe the each attributes and functi n f each interface type.
1.2 WAN interface
WAN p rts supp rt RS232/V.24 with speeds up t 128 Kbps, and V.35, X.21, RS530, RS449/V.36
interface types with speeds up t 10 Mbps, in a standard DB25F DCE c nnect r. The p rts may be
used f r:
●X.25
●Synchr n us Server
●Serial Terminal Server
The 1000 m dels have ne WAN interface that d ubles as the b t c ns le, and the 4002 m dels have
tw WAN interfaces with ne that d ubles as the C ns le p rt. See the n tes under Console interface
bel w.
1.3 Console interface
The C ns le/WAN p rt may be used f r:
●X.25
●Synchr n us Server
●Serial Terminal Server
●System c ns le p rt f r c nfigurati n and m nit ring
In additi n, the C ns le/WAN p rt serves as the c ns le f r the b t pr gram and perates in RS232
asynchr n us m de during b t up. The b t c mmand line interface may be inv ked f r system
management and emergency IP address rec very by entering a passw rd during a 10 sec nd interval
after p wer up.
1.4 Network (Ethernet) interface
The RJ45 NETWORK interface is 10/100 Ethernet with full aut -detecti n, supp rting a rich set f
standard IP pr t c ls.
1.5 USB interface
The USB 1.1 type A h st p rt supp rts additi nal serial interface r st rage devices:
●USB serial adapters (FTDI chipset nly) f r up t 8 additi nal Terminal Server interfaces
www.micr tr nix.c m 5
Model 4002-N44-RM

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
●USB flash drive f r st ring and m ving files
The 4002-S04 and 4002-N04-RM m dels may be specially rdered with an internally m unted USB
flash drive with n external USB c nnect r.
The 4002-N44-RM m dels have an internally m unted USB 4-p rt serial expansi n card.
2 Package Check List
Check that the Access m del received matches the rder by c mparing t the m del number printed n
the label n the b tt m f the unit.
Check that the package shipped c ntains the f ll wing items.
●Access Gateway unit as ab ve
●Rack m unt brackets (m del 4002-Nxx-RM nly)
●AC adapter with AC p wer c rd or - 48VDC p wer c rd
●DB9F-DB25M C ns le Cable
●RJ45 Ethernet patch cable (blue)
●RJ45 Ethernet cr ss ver cable (red)
●DB25MF straight thr ugh RS232 WAN cable
The f ll wing pti nal items are available thr ugh special rder, and may be included:
●Additi nal WAN r serial cable(s) – refer t the Cables secti n f r part numbers
●USB serial adapter unit: 1, 2, 4, r 8 p rts
●USB flash drive
●AC adapter f r -48VDC unit
●Rack m unt shelf f r 1 r 2 m del 4002-S0x units
www.micr tr nix.c m 6

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3 Quick Start Guide
C nfigurati n f the Access Gateway will require a PC r lapt p with standard Internet br wser like
Internet Expl rer r M zilla Firef x. Opti nally, a serial COM p rt ( r USB serial adapter) n the PC
with a terminal emulat r applicati n may be used t c nnect t the C ns le p rt.
3.1 Installation
1) The Access Gateway may be placed n a shelf in a rack, r m unted using a rack m unt kit.
2) C nnect t the IP netw rk thr ugh the RJ45 10/100 Netw rk p rt. T c nnect directly t the PC,
use the Ethernet cr ss cable (red).
3) Opti nal: C nnect the C ns le p rt t the PC using the C ns le Cable. Refer t the “C ns le
P rt” secti n bel w f r instructi ns.
4) C nnect AC/DC p wer adapter and AC p wer c rd ( r attach the -48VDC p wer c rd)
5) Wait 30 sec nds f r the b t pr cess t c mplete. The RUN led will start t blink.
3.2 Ethernet / IP Port
The Ethernet p rt can be used f r initial c nfigurati n. The default IP address f the Access Gateway is
10.1.1.240/24. T c nnect via IP, set the PC's IP address t 10.1.1.200, and subnet mask t
255.255.255.0 (10.1.1.0/24).
3.2.1 Web Interface (htttp / https)
The Access Gateway has a web-based server f r c nfiguring and m nit ring. Use any Internet
br wser t c nnect t the web interface. L gin is required with username “admin”, and default
passw rd “admin”.
3.2.2 Terminal Interface (telnet / ssh)
The Access Gateway will als accept Telnet r ssh client c nnecti ns f r advanced m nit ring and
tr ublesh ting. The username is “r t”, and the default passw rd is “f0adA” (0=zer ) f r privileged
access, and “admin”, “admin” f r n n-privileged access.
3.3 Console Port (Optional)
The C ns le p rt ffers system c ntr l access during the b t-up pr cess. B t messages will be
displayed if a PC COM p rt is c nnected using the C ns le Cable, and a terminal emulat r like “putty”
r “HyperTerminal” is set f r 9600-N-8-1.
3.3.1 U-Boot Command Access
After p wer up, there is a 10 sec nd delay that all ws U-B t c mmand access:
Autoboot in 10 seconds (Enter password to stop)...
if the passw rd “f ad” is typed while the message is displayed, the U-B t pr mpt “A4K:>” will indicate
c mmand readiness.
3.3.2 Setting Default IP Parameters
The default IP netw rk parameters may be m dified r added here as an alternative t the c nfigurati n
via the web interface. Enter the f ll wing c mmands t change the default IP address, netmask,
default gateway (if needed), and pti nally a new system “h stname”
set ipaddr 10.1.1.240
set netmask 255.255.255.0
set gatewayip 10.1.1.1
www.micr tr nix.c m 7

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
set hostname MYNAME
save
boot
These defaults will remain in effect until again changed again in U-B t, r explicitly changed via the
Ethernet c nfigurati n page in the web interface.
3.3.3 Emergency IP Address Recovery
The u-b t c ns le may be used t rec ver a f rg tten IP address. While in the U-B t c ns le, the
default IP address and ther parameters may be displayed:
print ipaddr
print netmask
print gatewayip
If the default values are n t in current effect, they may verride the system-defined values temp rarily
by setting new default values (if desired) and entering the U-B t c mmands:
set runlevel 2
save
boot
When the system starts up, it will be using the default IP address inf rmati n, and sh uld be reachable
n that netw rk. Br wse int the web interface and access the Ethernet page t view the “f rg tten”
values. Restart the system t get the U-B t c ns le, and reset run level:
set runlevel
save
boot
The system will restart with the system-defined values.
3.3.4 System Firmware Updates
The u-b t c ns le may als be used in c njuncti n with Micr tr nix supp rt f r applying firmware
updates, and emergency IP address rec very.
T apply firmware updates:
1) Obtain the kernel image (uImage) and/ r filesystem image (jffs2.img) files fr m Micr tr nix
2) Start a tftpd server n the PC r an available file server
3) Place the file(s) in the tftpd default direct ry n the PC r server
4) Enter the PC r server IP address (example 10.1.1.200) using the u-b t c mmands:
set serverip 10.1.1.200
save
5) L ad the new kernel image:
run updatekernel
6) L ad the new filesystem image:
run updatejffs2
7) Start the system by re-applying p wer r typing the “b t” c mmand.
www.micr tr nix.c m 8

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.4 Configuration Web Interface
The default IP address f the Access Gateway is 10.1.1.240. The PC used t access the web interface
must be c nfigured (temp rarily) f r an address in the same subnet, f r example, 10.1.1.200. C nnect
the PC t the same LAN, r temp rarily use the red Ethernet cr ss ver cable t c nnect directly t the
Access Gateway.
Open the web br wser n the PC, and enter http://10.1.1.240 in the URL field. When
pr mpted by a p pup wind w, l gin using default user name: admin, and passw rd: admin.
The h me page will be displayed with the main menu d wn the left hand side.
The Access Gateway can n w be c nfigured by selecting the main menu items. Each page
has a Help butt n in the upper right c rner f r viewing additi nal inf rmati n specific t the
current page.
Note: If using Wind ws Internet Expl rer, C mpatibility View may need t be enabled. This can be
d ne by clicking n the “br ken page” ic n in the address field f the address bar, r by adding the IP
address using the C mpatibility View Settings IE T ls menu.
www.micr tr nix.c m 9

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.5 IP Network Configuration
T create r m dify the IP netw rk parameters different than the default values defined in U-B t ,
btain the new IP address, netw rk mask, and default gateway values. F ll w this pr cedure nly if
y u d n't want the default values t be used in the running system.
Fr m the main menu System secti n, select Ethernet t display the c nfigurati n f rm.
1) M dify the H stname as desired.
2) Enter the new Default Gateway IP address, if needed.
3) Click n the Select butt n in the Ethernet Interfaces table c rresp nding t “eth0”.
4) Enter the new IP address and netw rk mask.
5) Click the Apply butt n f r the changes t be saved and t take affect.
C nnect the Netw rk p rt t the new netw rk, if n t already. Since the IP c nnecti n may be l st due
t the change, the new address may need t be entered in the br wser. The Ethernet c nfigurati n
page displays the current status f the Ethernet interface.
F r m re inf rmati n n additi nal netw rk c nfigurati n, click the Help butt n n the page.
www.micr tr nix.c m 10

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.5.1 Verifying IP Network
Use ping fr m a PC r ther stati n n the IP netw rk t verify the Access Gateway is reachable.
S metimes ARP cache tables are bs lete and need refreshing after an IP change.
The LAN led n the fr nt panel will blink when there is activity n the Ethernet p rt.
If the PC used f r c nfigurati n is still able t reach the Access Gateway, use telnet r ssh t c nnect t
the c mmand line interface. L gin using user name “r t” and passw rd “f0adA” (0=zer ).
Enter the c mmand “ifconfig eth0” t view the status and statistics f the Ethernet interface.
Use ping t test the c nnecti n t the default gateway r an ther stati n n the IP netw rk. Enter the
c mmand “ping a.b.c.d”, where a.b.c.d is the IP address in d tted n tati n.
T test the c nnectivity t a rem te IP h st that will be c nnecting t r receiving c nnecti ns fr m the
Access Gateway, use ping t verify reachability.
3.5.2 Monitoring IP Network
S metimes tracing the IP interface may be necessary t determine a pr blem. The standard tcpdump
utility is pr vided f r this purp se. T run the tcpdump utility, make a telnet c nnecti n fr m a PC t
c nnect t the Access Gateway c mmand line interface. Resp nd t the l gin request with the default
username “r t” and passw rd “f0adA” (0=zer ). At the “#” pr mpt, enter the “tcpdump” c mmand. It
can be entered with a number f c mmand line pti ns. Use the “-h” pti n t see a list f all available
pti ns. The n rmal syntax is:
tcpdump -i INTERFACE -w OUTPUT_FILE EXPRESSION
where:
INTERFACE: primary “eth0”, l pback “l ”, sec ndary IP “eth0:1”, VLAN “eth0.1”
OUTPUT_FILE: File name must include ne f the paths: “/tmp/” r “/mnt/usb1/”
EXPRESSION: any valid tcpdump expressi n like “tcp p rt 102” r “ip h st 10.1.1.200”
T st p tcpdump, type c ntr l-C (Ctrl+C). The file can be FTP'd t the PC f r display and analysis
using Wireshark (Ethereal).
F r example, t m nit r TCP p rt 102 n the Ethernet interface, and rec rd the utput int a file:
tcpdump -i eth0 -w /tmp/tcpdump.pcap tcp port 102
The l pback interface “l ” is used f r internal c nnecti ns (127.x.x.x):
tcpdump -i lo -w /mnt/usb1/tcpdump.pcap tcp port 1998
Care must be taken t NOT use an expressi n that w uld m nit r the initiating telnet sessi n.
F r extended m nit ring, the utput file sh uld be written t a USB-m unted flash drive (if the USB
p rt is n t used f r serial adapters) by using the path:
-w /mnt/usb1/tcpdump.pcap
T transfer a file t a PC, run FileZilla r WinSCP with the IP address f the Access. The l cal ftp, scp,
r sftp client c mmands can be used t push the file t the PC if it has the matching server.
www.micr tr nix.c m 11

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.6 X.25 Confi uration
T c nfigure a WAN p rt t match the attached X.25 equipment at all 3 layers f the X.25 pr t c l,
select each f the f ll wing items fr m the X.25 WAN main menu secti n:
3.6.1 Layer 1 – Physical
Fr m the main menu X.25 WAN secti n, select L1-Device t display the f rm:
1) Select a device fr m the dr p-d wn list (hdlc0 – WAN p rt 0 is the default).
2) Select the physical interface type t match the attached X.25 device.
3) F r c nnecti n t a DTE device, select Internal Cl ck S urce and an appr priate rate. F r
c nnecti n t a DCE device r m dem, select External ( r rxfr mtx) Cl ck S urce.
4) Click the Status: Enable butt n
5) Click the Update butt n f r the changes t be saved.
www.micr tr nix.c m 12

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.6.2 Layer 2 – Data Link
Fr m the main menu X.25 WAN secti n, select L2–LAPB t display the f rm:
1) Select a device fr m the dr p-d wn list (hdlc0 – WAN p rt 0 is the default).
2) F r c nnecti n t a DTE device, select DCE; f r c nnecti n t a DCE device, select DTE.
3) C nfigure the Wind w Size t match the attached device (usually 7).
4) Click the Update butt n f r the changes t be saved.
www.micr tr nix.c m 13

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.6.3 Layer 3 – Packet
Fr m the main menu X.25 WAN secti n, select L3–X.25 t display the f rm:
1) Select a device fr m the dr p-d wn list (hdlc0 – WAN p rt 0 is the default).
2) F r c nnecti n t a DTE device, select DCE; f r c nnecti n t a DCE device, select DTE.
3) C nfigure the packet and wind w sizes t match the attached X.25 interface. A mis match may
cause packet layer resets and data loss, or data stalls.
4) C nfigure SVC and PVC settings t match the attached X.25 interface. A mis match may
cause unanswered call requests.
5) Click the Restart WAN Interface checkb x t cause all the changes t take affect.
6) Click the Update butt n f r the changes t be saved and take affect.
Repeat these steps f r each p rt t be c nfigured f r X.25.
F r additi nal inf rmati n, click the Help butt n n the page.
www.micr tr nix.c m 14

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.7 Verifying X.25 Interface
The WAN led n the fr nt panel will illuminate when the X.25 link is established at all 3 layers f the
WAN p rt. T view detailed status f each layer f the X.25 interface, click X.25 Status in the main
menu X.25 WAN secti n.
Start at the t p level (X.25) and w rk d wn t tr ublesh t.
3.7.1 X.25 Status
Sh ws the current status f the packet layer. If in “r1:Ready” state, then all 3 layers are established. If
n t, then:
●There is saved c nfigurati n that has n t bec me effective with a restart. Restart the interface.
●There is a pr blem at the LAPB r HDLC levels.
●The attached device d es n t supp rt X.25, r has bec me disabled.
3.7.2 LAPB Status
Sh ws the current status f the data link layer – sh uld be in “Inf Transfer” state. If n t, then:
●There is a pr blem at the HDLC level.
●The emulati n m de (DTE/DCE) is n t set c rrectly. It must be pp site t the attached device.
3.7.3 HDLC Interface Status
Sh ws the current perati nal m de and status f the interface signals.
If the current m de d es n t match the c nfigurati n, then the p rt needs t be restarted.
If the asserted signals (DSR, CD, CTS) are OFF, then the p rt is disabled and needs t be c nfigured
www.micr tr nix.c m 15

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
t have Status enabled, then restarted.
If the received DTR and RTS signals are ff, then:
●The cable is n t c nnected.
●The cable is the wr ng DTE/DCE gender r wr ng pin c nfigurati n f r the interface.
●The interface is the wr ng type (X.21 uses balanced signals, RS232 & V.35 use unbalanced).
●The attached device is n t n, r its X.25 interface is disabled.
If the received DTR is ff and RTS is ON, then the attached device may n t supp rt a DTR utput
signal. If this is the case, then the p rt must be c nfigured t ign re DTR (DTR Detecti n: OFF).
3.7.4 Interface Statistics
If the detected m dems signals appear t be c rrect, there may be a pr blem with the interface type r
synchr n us cl cking n the interface. Click n Device Statistics in the main menu secti n Statistics
& Lo s. If the receive statistics sh w an increasing number f err rs, then the interface type r
cl cking s urce may n t be c rrect.
If there is transmit bytes/packets but n receive bytes/packets, then there may be a cable issue r a
pr blem with the attached device which may have bec me disabled and needs a restart.
3.7.5 X.25 M nit r
S metimes tracing an X.25 interface may be necessary t determine a pr blem. T run the X.25
m nit r, make a telnet c nnecti n fr m a PC t c nnect t the Access Gateway c mmand line
interface. Resp nd t the l gin request with the default username “r t” and passw rd “f0adA”
(0=zer ). At the “#” pr mpt, enter the c mmand:
hdlctrace -ax hdlc0
The X.25 exchange will be displayed in interpreted f rm.
Assuming that the c rrect cable is pr perly c nnected, and there is n transmitted data ( ut), then there
must be a c nfigurati n pr blem.
If there is transmitted data but n received data (in), then there is likely a pr blem with the HDLC cl ck
c nfigurati n. Only ne side f the interface can be c nfigured t s urce the cl ck, and the ther side
must be c nfigured t receive it. Chances are that the transmitter f the attached device is n t
receiving a cl ck signal.
If there is b th transmitted and received data, then the data itself needs t be analyzed.
Layer 2 (LAPB) setup requires a SABM / UA exchange. If there is SABM fr m b th sides and the
address field (adr) is the same (either 01 r 03), then b th sides are set f r the same DTE/DCE m de.
Change ne side. If the addresses n the SABM frames are different, and there is utb und UA, but n
inb und UA, then the attached device may n t be receiving c rrectly. Again, the cl ck signal
c nfigurati n may n t be c rrect.
Layer 3 (X.25) exchange will ccur when the LAPB has been pr perly setup. A RESTART / RESTART
CONFIRM exchange must ccur f r the packet level t bec me ready f r accepting l gical channel
c nnecti ns. If a RESTART is transmitted, but n RESTART packet is received, then the attached
device may n t be c nfigured c rrectly, r there may be a synchr n us cl ck issue. If b th sides are
pr viding cl ck at the same n minal speed, then tiny frames like SABM and UA may be OK, but l nger
packets may suffer a CRC err r as any cl ck differences skews the recepti n.
F r a trace f the X.25 packets nly (n LAPB frames), run the X.25- nly trace:
x25trace -a hdlc0
www.micr tr nix.c m 16

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
Analysis bey nd this is ut f sc pe f r this d cument. The displayed data may be captured and
f rwarded t Micr tr nix Supp rt f r analysis.
3.7.6 X.25 Logical Channel Status
Select the LCI Status item t examine the status f any SVC r PVC l gical channel c nnecti ns
active n the X.25 interface(s). Details f the display can be f und n the Help page.
www.micr tr nix.c m 17

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.8 X.25 to TCP Routing Configuration
If X.25 call requests are initiated by the attached X.25 equipment, then X.25 t TCP r uting must be
c nfigured. Entries can be added t the X.25 t TCP R uting table, r existing entries m dified r
deleted.
T add an X.25 t TCP mapping entry t the r uting table, select X.25 to TCP Routes in the X.25
Gateway secti n f the main menu t display the c nfigurati n f rm, and current X.25 t TCP r utes.
3.8.1 Identify inbound X.25 connection
Specify the call request parameter(s) that will be used t identify the inc ming X.25 call request. This is
usually the physical p rt (device), and the X.25 called address. Fill in the left side f the f rm:
1) Select the device n which the call request is g ing t be received
2) Ch se the c nnecti n type (usually Switched Virtual Circuit)
3) Enter destinati n X.25 address in the Called Address field
3.8.2 Generate outbound TCP/IP connection
Specify the TCP/IP h st t which the call will be c nnected. Fill in the right side f the f rm:
www.micr tr nix.c m 18

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
1) Specify the destinati n IP address in the Rem te IP Address field.
2) Specify the TCP p rt number n which the destinati n is listening in the Rem te TCP P rt field
3.8.3 Specify Conversion or Encapsulation Method
Ch se fr m the dr p-d wn list in the C nversi n Type field, the X.25 t TCP c nversi n meth d f r
this c nnecti n. This meth d MUST be supp rted by the rem te TCP/IP applicati n.
•RAW f r n message preservati n (byte stream).
•MBIT, RFC1006, OFTP r RBP f r message preservati n.
•Q-MBIT r QRBP f r message preservati n including Q-bit packets.
•XOT f r X.25 encapsulati n.
•LINE f r special CR/LF handling.
•IAC-ESC f r data transparency with rem te Telnet sessi ns.
Add the new entry t the displayed table at the b tt m by clicking Add Entry.
Repeat f r each desired mapping.
When all mappings required have been added, click n Save and Apply Chan es butt n f r the new
entries t be saved and bec me active.
F r additi nal inf rmati n, click the Help butt n n the page.
www.micr tr nix.c m 19

Microtronix Access X.25–TCP/IP Gateway
3.9 TCP to X.25 Routin Confi uration
If c nnecti n requests are initiated by rem te IP h sts, then TCP t X.25 r uting must be c nfigured.
Entries can be added t the TCP t X.25 R uting table, r existing entries m dified r deleted.
T add a TCP t X.25 mapping entry t the r uting table, select TCP to X.25 Routes in the X.25
Gateway secti n f the main menu t display the c nfigurati n f rm and current TCP t X.25 r utes.
3.9.1 Identify inbound TCP/IP connection
Identify the parameter(s) that will be used t match the inc ming TCP/IP c nnecti n. This is usually
just the TCP p rt number, but may include the rem te IP address. Fill in the left side f the f rm:
1) Specify the TCP p rt t which the rem te IP h st will c nnect in the Listening TCP P rt field.
2) Opti nally, enter the initiat r's IP address in the Rem te IP Address field.
3.9.2 Specify Conversion or Encapsulation Method
Ch se fr m the dr p-d wn list in the C nversi n Type field, the X.25 t TCP c nversi n meth d f r
this c nnecti n. This meth d MUST be supp rted by the rem te TCP/IP applicati n.
•RAW f r n applicati n message preservati n.
www.micr tr nix.c m 20