NETGEAR ProSafe FR328S User manual

SM-FR328SNA-0
Sept 2002
NETGEAR, Inc.
4500 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Phone 1-888-NETGEAR
FR328S Cable/DSL
ProSafe Firewall with Dial
Back-Up
Reference Manual
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ii
© 2002 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
NETGEAR and Auto Uplink are trademarks or registered trademarks of Netgear, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmful interference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
EN 55 022 Declaration of Conformance
This is to certify that the FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up is shielded against the generation of
radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a. Conformity is
declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).
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Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß dasFR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up gemäß der im
BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige Betreiben
einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die
Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt
gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up has been suppressed
in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some
equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain
restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.
Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market
and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
Voluntary Control Council for Interference (VCCI) Statement
This equipment is in the second category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area
thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.
When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
Read instructions for correct handling.
Technical Support
Refer to the Support Information Card that shipped with your FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up.
World Wide Web
NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web home page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL)
http://www.netgear.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer
or Netscape are required.
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Contents v
Contents
Preface
About This Manual
Audience .......................................................................................................................1-xiii
Typographical Conventions ..........................................................................................1-xiii
Special Message Formats ........................................................................................... 1-xiv
Technical Support ........................................................................................................ 1-xiv
Chapter 1
Introduction
About the FR328S ..........................................................................................................1-1
Key Features ..................................................................................................................1-1
A Powerful, True Firewall .........................................................................................1-1
Content Filtering .......................................................................................................1-2
Configurable Auto Uplink™ Ethernet Connection ....................................................1-2
Protocol Support ......................................................................................................1-2
Easy Installation and Management ..........................................................................1-3
What’s in the Box? ..........................................................................................................1-5
The Firewall’s Front Panel .................................................................................1-5
The Firewall’s Rear Panel ..................................................................................1-6
Chapter 2
Connecting the Firewall to the Internet
What You Will Need Before You Begin ...........................................................................2-1
LAN Hardware Requirements ..................................................................................2-1
Computer Requirements ....................................................................................2-1
Cable or DSL Modem Requirement ..................................................................2-1
LAN Configuration Requirements ............................................................................2-2
Internet Configuration Requirements .......................................................................2-2
Where Do I Get the Internet Configuration Parameters? ..................................2-2
Connecting the FR328S Firewall to Your LAN ................................................................2-4
Connecting the FR328S Firewall to the Internet .............................................................2-8
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vi Contents
Configuring A Serial Port Internet Connection ..............................................................2-14
Testing Your Internet Connection ..................................................................................2-18
Manually Configuring Your Internet Connection ...........................................................2-19
Chapter 3
Protecting Your Network
Protecting Access to Your FR328S Firewall ...................................................................3-1
Configuring Basic Firewall Services ...............................................................................3-3
Blocking Keywords, Sites, and Services ..................................................................3-3
Rules ..............................................................................................................................3-5
Inbound Rules (Port Forwarding) .............................................................................3-7
Inbound Rule Example: A Local Public Web Server ..........................................3-7
Inbound Rule Example: Allowing Videoconference from Restricted Addresses 3-9
Considerations for Inbound Rules .....................................................................3-9
Outbound Rules (Service Blocking) .......................................................................3-10
Outbound Rule Example: Blocking Instant Messenger ...................................3-10
Order of Precedence for Rules ..............................................................................3-12
Services ........................................................................................................................3-13
Setting Times and Scheduling Firewall Services ..........................................................3-14
Chapter 4
Managing Your Network
Network Management Information .................................................................................4-1
Viewing Router Status and Usage Statistics ............................................................4-1
Viewing Attached Devices ........................................................................................4-4
Viewing, Selecting, and Saving Logged Information ................................................4-5
Selecting What Information to Log ....................................................................4-6
Saving Log Files on a Server ............................................................................4-7
Examples of log messages ......................................................................................4-7
Activation and Administration ............................................................................4-7
Dropped Packets ...............................................................................................4-7
Enabling Security Event E-mail Notification ...................................................................4-8
Backing Up, Restoring, or Erasing Your Settings ...........................................................4-9
Running Diagnostic Utilities and Rebooting the Router ................................................4-12
Enabling Remote Management ....................................................................................4-13
Upgrading the Router’s Firmware .................................................................................4-14
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Contents vii
Chapter 5
Advanced Configuration
Configuring Advanced Security ......................................................................................5-1
Setting Up A Default DMZ Server ............................................................................5-1
Respond to Ping on Internet WAN Port ...................................................................5-2
Configuring LAN IP Settings ...........................................................................................5-2
LAN TCP/IP Setup ...................................................................................................5-2
MTU Size .................................................................................................................5-3
DHCP .......................................................................................................................5-4
Use router as DHCP server ...............................................................................5-4
Reserved IP addresses .....................................................................................5-5
Configuring Dynamic DNS .......................................................................................5-6
Using Static Routes ........................................................................................................5-8
Static Route Example ...............................................................................................5-8
Chapter 6
Troubleshooting
Basic Functions ..............................................................................................................6-1
Power LED Not On ...................................................................................................6-2
Test LED Never Turns On or Test LED Stays On .....................................................6-2
Local or Internet Port Link LEDs Not On ..................................................................6-2
Troubleshooting the Web Configuration Interface ..........................................................6-4
Troubleshooting the ISP Connection ..............................................................................6-5
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility .................................................6-6
Testing the LAN Path to Your Firewall ......................................................................6-6
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ................................................6-7
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ........................................................6-8
Using the Default Reset button ................................................................................6-8
Problems with Date and Time .........................................................................................6-9
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
Appendix B
Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics
Related Publications ...................................................................................................... B-1
Basic Router Concepts .................................................................................................. B-1
What is a Router? ................................................................................................... B-2
Routing Information Protocol ................................................................................... B-2
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viii Contents
IP Addresses and the Internet ................................................................................. B-2
Netmask .................................................................................................................. B-4
Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................. B-5
Private IP Addresses ............................................................................................... B-7
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................. B-8
MAC Addresses and Address Resolution Protocol ................................................. B-9
Related Documents ............................................................................................... B-10
Domain Name Server ............................................................................................ B-10
IP Configuration by DHCP .....................................................................................B-11
Internet Security and Firewalls .....................................................................................B-11
What is a Firewall? .................................................................................................B-11
Stateful Packet Inspection ..................................................................................... B-12
Denial of Service Attack ........................................................................................ B-12
Ethernet Cabling .......................................................................................................... B-12
Uplink Switches and Crossover Cables ................................................................ B-13
Cable Quality ......................................................................................................... B-13
Appendix C
Preparing Your Network
Preparing Your Computers for TCP/IP Networking .......................................................C-1
Configuring Windows 95, 98, and ME for TCP/IP Networking ................................C-2
Install or Verify Windows Networking Components ..........................................C-2
Enabling DHCP to Automatically Configure TCP/IP Settings ...........................C-4
Selecting Windows’ Internet Access Method ....................................................C-4
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ..............................................................................C-5
Configuring Windows NT, 2000 or XP for IP Networking ........................................C-5
Install or Verify Windows Networking Components ..........................................C-5
Verifying TCP/IP Properties ..............................................................................C-6
Configuring the Macintosh for TCP/IP Networking ..................................................C-6
MacOS 8.6 or 9.x ..............................................................................................C-6
MacOS X ..........................................................................................................C-7
Verifying TCP/IP Properties for Macintosh Computers .....................................C-8
Verifying the Readiness of Your Internet Account .........................................................C-9
Are Login Protocols Used? .....................................................................................C-9
What Is Your Configuration Information? ................................................................C-9
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Windows Computers .................C-10
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Contents ix
Obtaining ISP Configuration Information for Macintosh Computers ............... C-11
Restarting the Network ................................................................................................C-12
Glossary
Index
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xi
List of Procedures
Procedure 2-1: Record Your Internet Connection Information ......................................2-3
Procedure 2-2: Connecting the Firewall to Your LAN ....................................................2-4
Procedure 2-3: Auto-Detecting Your Internet Connection Type ....................................2-9
Procedure 2-4: Wizard-Detected Login Account Setup ...............................................2-10
Procedure 2-5: Wizard-Detected Dynamic IP Account Setup .....................................2-11
Procedure 2-6: Wizard-Detected Fixed IP (Static) Account Setup ..............................2-13
Procedure 2-7: Serial Port Internet Connection Configuration ....................................2-14
Procedure 2-8: Manual Configuration .........................................................................2-20
Procedure 3-1: Changing the Built-In Password ...........................................................3-2
Procedure 3-1: Changing the Administrator Login Timeout ..........................................3-3
Procedure 3-2: Block Keywords and Sites ....................................................................3-4
Procedure 3-3: Define Services ..................................................................................3-13
Procedure 3-4: Setting Your Time Zone ......................................................................3-14
Procedure 3-5: Scheduling Firewall Services ..............................................................3-16
Procedure 4-6: Backup the Configuration to a File .......................................................4-9
Procedure 4-7: Restore a Configuration from a File ....................................................4-11
Procedure 4-8: Erase the Configuration ......................................................................4-11
Procedure 4-9: Configure Remote Management ........................................................4-13
Procedure 4-1: Router Upgrade ..................................................................................4-14
Procedure 5-1: Configure LAN TCP/IP Setup ...............................................................5-6
Procedure 5-2: Configure Dynamic DNS ......................................................................5-7
Procedure 5-3: Configuring Static Routes .....................................................................5-9
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About This Manual xiii
Preface
About This Manual
Thank your for purchasing the NETGEAR™FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial
Back-Up.
This manual describes the features of the firewall and provides installation and configuration
instructions.
Audience
This reference manual assumes that the reader has intermediate to advanced computer and Internet
skills. However, basic computer network, Internet, firewall, and VPN technologies tutorial
information is provided in the Appendices.
Typographical Conventions
This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
italics Book titles and UNIX file, command, and directory names.
courier font Screen text, user-typed command-line entries.
Initial Caps Menu titles and window and button names.
[Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets. The notation
[Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.
[Ctrl]+C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text
linked with a plus (+) sign.
ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names.
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FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up
xiv About This Manual
Special Message Formats
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Technical Support
For help with any technical issues, contact Customer Support at 1-888-NETGEAR, or visit us on
the Web at www.NETGEAR.com. The NETGEAR Web site includes an extensive knowledge
base, answers to frequently asked questions, and a means for submitting technical questions
online.
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Procedure: This format is used to let you know that you are following a sequence of
steps required to complete a task.
Warning: This format is used to highlight information about the possibility of injury or
equipment damage.
Danger: This format is used to alert you that there is the potential for incurring an
electrical shock if you mishandle the equipment.
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FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up
About This Manual xv
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Introduction 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with
Dial Back-Up.
About the FR328S
The FR328S is a complete security solution that protects your network from attacks and intrusions.
Unlike simple Internet sharing routers that rely on Network Address Translation (NAT) for
security, the FR328S uses Stateful Packet Inspection for Denial of Service (DoS) attack protection
and intrusion detection. The 8-port FR328S with auto fail-over connectivity through the serial port
provides highly reliable Internet access for up to 253 users.
Key Features
The FR328S offers the following features.
A Powerful, True Firewall
Unlike simple Internet sharing NAT routers, the FR328S is a true firewall, using stateful packet
inspection to defend against hacker attacks. Its firewall features include:
• Denial of Service (DoS) protection
Automatically detects and thwarts Denial of Service (DoS) attacks such as Ping of Death,
SYN Flood, LAND Attack and IP Spoofing.
• Blocks unwanted traffic from the Internet to your LAN.
• Blocks access from your LAN to Internet locations or services that you specify as off-limits.
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FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up
1-2 Introduction
• Logs security incidents
The FR328S will log security events such as blocked incoming traffic, port scans, attacks, and
administrator logins. You can configure the firewall to email the log to you at specified
intervals. You can also configure the firewall to send immediate alert messages to your email
address or email pager whenever a significant event occurs.
Content Filtering
With its content filtering feature, the FR328S prevents objectionable content from reaching your
PCs. The firewall allows you to control access to Internet content by screening for keywords
within Web addresses. You can configure the firewall to log and report attempts to access
objectionable Internet sites.
Configurable Auto Uplink™ Ethernet Connection
With its internal 8-port 10/100 switch, the FR328S can connect to either a 10 Mbps standard
Ethernet network or a 100 Mbps Fast Ethernet network. Both the local LAN and the Internet WAN
interfaces are autosensing and capable of full-duplex or half-duplex operation.
The firewall incorporates Auto UplinkTM technology. Each LOCAL Ethernet port will
automatically sense whether the Ethernet cable plugged into the port should have a ‘normal’
connection such as to a PC or an ‘uplink’ connection such as to a switch or hub. That port will then
configure itself to the correct configuration. This feature also eliminates the need to worry about
crossover cables, as Auto Uplink will accommodate either type of cable to make the right
connection.
Protocol Support
The FR328S supports the Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) and Routing
Information Protocol (RIP). Appendix B, “Networks, Routing, and Firewall Basics” provides
further information on TCP/IP.
• IP Address Sharing by NAT
The FR328S allows several networked PCs to share an Internet account using only a single IP
address, which may be statically or dynamically assigned by your Internet service provider
(ISP). This technique, known as Network Address Translation (NAT), allows the use of an
inexpensive single-user ISP account.
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FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up
Introduction 1-3
• Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP
The FR328S dynamically assigns network configuration information, including IP, gateway,
and domain name server (DNS) addresses, to attached PCs on the LAN using the Dynamic
Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP). This feature greatly simplifies configuration of PCs on
your local network.
• DNS Proxy
When DHCP is enabled and no DNS addresses are specified, the firewall provides its own
address as a DNS server to the attached PCs. The firewall obtains actual DNS addresses from
the ISP during connection setup and forwards DNS requests from the LAN.
• PPP over Ethernet (PPPoE)
PPP over Ethernet is a protocol for connecting remote hosts to the Internet over a DSL
connection by simulating a dial-up connection. This feature eliminates the need to run a login
program such as EnterNet or WinPOET on your PC.
• PPTP login support for European ISPs, BigPond login for Telstra cable in Australia.
•DynamicDNS
Dynamic DNS services allow remote users to find your network using a domain name when
your IP address is not permanently assigned. The firewall contains a client that can connect to
many popular Dynamic DNS services to register your dynamic IP address.
Easy Installation and Management
You can install, configure, and operate the FR328S within minutes after connecting it to the
network. The following features simplify installation and management tasks:
• Browser-based management
Browser-based configuration allows you to easily configure your firewall from almost any
type of personal computer, such as Windows, Macintosh, or Linux. A user-friendly Setup
Wizard is provided and online help documentation is built into the browser-based Web
Management Interface.
• Smart Wizard
The firewall automatically senses the type of Internet connection, asking you only for the
information required for your type of ISP account.
• Auto fail-over connectivity through an analog or ISDN modem connected to the serial port
If the cable or DSL modem Internet connection fails, after a waiting for an amount of time you
specify, the FR328S can automatically establish a backup ISDN or dial-up Internet connection
via the serial port on the firewall.
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FR328S Cable/DSL ProSafe Firewall with Dial Back-Up
1-4 Introduction
• Remote management
The firewall allows you to login to the Web Management Interface from a remote location via
the Internet. For security, you can limit remote management access to a specified remote IP
address or range of addresses, and you can choose a nonstandard port number.
• Remote Access Server connectivity vial the serial port
• Diagnostic functions
The firewall incorporates built-in diagnostic functions such as Ping, DNS lookup, and remote
reboot. These functions allow you to test Internet connectivity and reboot the firewall. You can
use these diagnostic functions directly from the FR328S when your are connect on the LAN or
when you are connected over the Internet via the remote management function.
• Visual monitoring
The firewall’s front panel LEDs provide an easy way to monitor its status and activity.
• Flash EPROM for firmware upgrade
• Regional support, including ISPs like Telstra DSL and BigPond or Deutsche Telekom.
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