NETGEAR RH348 User manual

M-RH348NA-0
May 1998
NETGEAR, Inc.
A Bay Networks Company
4401 Great America Parkway
Santa Clara, CA 95054 USA
Phone [phone]
Reference Guide for the
Model RT328 and Model
RH348 ISDN Routers
RH348.book Page i Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

ii
© 1998 by NETGEAR, Inc. All rights reserved.
Trademarks
Bay Networks is a registered trademark of Bay Networks, Inc.
NETGEAR and FirstGear are trademarks Bay Networks, Inc.
Microsoft, Windows, and Windows NT are registered trademarks of Microsoft Corporation.
Other brand and product names are registered trademarks or trademarks of their respective holders.
Statement of Conditions
In the interest of improving internal design, operational function, and/or reliability, NETGEAR reserves the right to
make changes to the products described in this document without notice.
NETGEAR does not assume any liability that may occur due to the use or application of the product(s) or circuit
layout(s) described herein.
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) Compliance Notice: Radio Frequency Notice
This device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions:
• This device may not cause harmful interference.
• This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
Note: This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device, pursuant to
part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection against harmful interference in a
residential installation. This equipment generates, uses, and can radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and
used in accordance with the instructions, may cause harmful interference to radio communications. However, there is no
guarantee that interference will not occurin a particular installation. If this equipment does cause harmfulinterference to
radio or television reception, which can be determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try
to correct the interference by one or more of the following measures:
• Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
• Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
• Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the receiver is connected.
• Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
EN 55 022 Decla0ration of Conformance
This is to certify that the Model RT328 ISDN Router and the Model RH348 ISDN Router are shielded against the
generation of radio interference in accordance with the application of Council Directive 89/336/EEC, Article 4a.
Conformity is declared by the application of EN 55 022 Class B (CISPR 22).
RH348.book Page ii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

iii
Bestätigung des Herstellers/Importeurs
Es wird hiermit bestätigt, daß das Model RT328 ISDN Router und Model RH348 ISDN Router gemäß der im
BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 und Vfg 46/1992 aufgeführten Bestimmungen entstört ist. Das vorschriftsmäßige
Betreiben einiger Geräte (z.B. Testsender) kann jedoch gewissen Beschränkungen unterliegen. Lesen Sie dazu bitte die
Anmerkungen in der Betriebsanleitung.
Das Bundesamt für Zulassungen in der Telekommunikation wurde davon unterrichtet, daß dieses Gerät auf den Markt
gebracht wurde und es ist berechtigt, die Serie auf die Erfüllung der Vorschriften hin zu überprüfen.
Certificate of the Manufacturer/Importer
It is hereby certified that the Model RT328 ISDN Router and the Model RH348 ISDN Router have been suppressed
in accordance with the conditions set out in the BMPT-AmtsblVfg 243/1991 and Vfg 46/1992. The operation of some
equipment (for example, test transmitters) in accordance with the regulations may, however, be subject to certain
restrictions. Please refer to the notes in the operating instructions.
Federal Office for Telecommunications Approvals has been notified of the placing of this equipment on the market
and has been granted the right to test the series for compliance with the regulations.
VCCI-2 Statement
This equipment is in the 2nd Class category (information equipment to be used in a residential area or an adjacent area
thereto) and conforms to the standards set by the Voluntary Control Council for Interference by Data Processing
Equipment and Electronic Office Machines aimed at preventing radio interference in such residential areas.
When used near a radio or TV receiver, it may become the cause of radio interference.
Read instructions for correct handling.
Customer Support
For assistance with installing and configuring your NETGEAR system or with post-installation questions or problems,
contact your point of purchase representative.
To contact customer support or to purchase additional copies of this document and publications for other NETGEAR
products, you can contact NETGEAR at the following numbers:
• Phone:
U.S./Canada:1-800-211-2069
United Kingdom: (44) 171-571-5120
France: 0800-90-2078
Germany: 0130-817305
Australia: 800-14-20-46
New Zealand: 800-444-626
Korea: 00308-11-0319
Sweden: 020-790086
•Fax:
U.S./Canada: 510-498-2609
World Wide Web
NETGEAR maintains a World Wide Web Home Page that you can access at the universal resource locator (URL)
http://NETGEAR.baynetworks.com. A direct connection to the Internet and a Web browser such as Internet Explorer
or Netscape are required.
RH348.book Page iii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

iv
RH348.book Page iv Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Contents v
Contents
Preface
Purpose ...........................................................................................................................xv
Audience .......................................................................................................................... xv
Conventions .....................................................................................................................xvi
Special Message Formats .........................................................................................xvi
Use of Enter, Type, and Press ...................................................................................xvi
Other Conventions ...................................................................................................xvii
Related Publications .......................................................................................................xvii
Chapter 1
Introduction
About the Router ............................................................................................................1-1
Features ..........................................................................................................................1-1
Key Features ............................................................................................................1-2
ISDN Support ...........................................................................................................1-3
Multilink PPP Support ..............................................................................................1-3
TCP/IP Support ........................................................................................................1-4
IP Address Masquerading by Dynamic NAT+ ....................................................1-4
Automatic Configuration of Attached PCs by DHCP ..........................................1-4
Security ....................................................................................................................1-4
Calling Line Identification ...................................................................................1-4
PAP and CHAP Authentication ..........................................................................1-5
Callback .............................................................................................................1-5
Management Support ..............................................................................................1-5
Basic Router Concepts ...................................................................................................1-6
What is a Router? ....................................................................................................1-6
Routing Information Protocol ....................................................................................1-6
IP Addresses and the Internet .................................................................................1-7
Netmask ...................................................................................................................1-9
RH348.book Page v Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

vi Contents
Subnet Addressing .................................................................................................1-10
Private IP Addresses ..............................................................................................1-12
Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................................1-13
Address Resolution Protocol ..................................................................................1-14
Domain Name Server .............................................................................................1-14
IP Configuration by DHCP .....................................................................................1-15
Chapter 2
Router Installation and Connection
Package Contents ..........................................................................................................2-1
ISDN Services Checklist .................................................................................................2-2
Network Checklist ...........................................................................................................2-3
Connecting the Router ....................................................................................................2-4
Connecting the Serial Cable (Optional) ....................................................................2-7
Connecting to the ISDN Port ....................................................................................2-7
Connecting the Ethernet Cable ................................................................................2-7
Using Twisted Pair LAN Cabling ........................................................................2-8
Using Coaxial or Fiber LAN Cabling ..................................................................2-8
Connecting to the Hub Ports in the Model RH348 Router .......................................2-8
Connecting a Telephone, Fax, or Modem .................................................................2-8
Connecting the Power Adapter ................................................................................2-8
Connecting for Configuration ..........................................................................................2-9
Connecting Through a Serial Port ............................................................................2-9
Connecting Through a Telnet Connection ................................................................2-9
Chapter 3
Router Configuration
Configuration Methods ...................................................................................................3-1
Powering on the Router ..................................................................................................3-2
Navigating the Manager .................................................................................................3-3
Manager Menu Summary ...............................................................................................3-5
General Setup Menu ......................................................................................................3-6
ISDN Menus ...................................................................................................................3-7
North American ISDN Menu ....................................................................................3-7
DSS1 ISDN Menu ....................................................................................................3-8
RH348.book Page vi Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Contents vii
Ethernet Setup .............................................................................................................3-11
General Setup Menu ..............................................................................................3-11
DHCP and TCP/IP Setup .......................................................................................3-12
Manager Password Setup .............................................................................................3-14
Chapter 4
Configuration for Internet Access
Information Checklist ......................................................................................................4-1
Internet Access Configuration ........................................................................................4-2
Configuration for Single User Account ............................................................................4-4
Chapter 5
Remote Node Configuration
Editing PPP Options .......................................................................................................5-4
Bandwidth on Demand ...................................................................................................5-6
Chapter 6
Dial-In Configuration
Default Dial-In Setup .......................................................................................................6-1
Dial-In Users Setup ........................................................................................................6-4
Chapter 7
TCP/IP Configuration
LAN-to-LAN Application ..................................................................................................7-1
Remote Node Setup .......................................................................................................7-2
Static Route Setup ..........................................................................................................7-4
Chapter 8
Filter Configuration
Router Filter Structure ....................................................................................................8-2
Configuring a Filter Set ...................................................................................................8-2
Configuring a Filter Rule .................................................................................................8-4
TCP/IP Filter Rule ....................................................................................................8-4
Generic Filter Rule ...................................................................................................8-7
Applying a Filter Set .......................................................................................................8-8
RH348.book Page vii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

viii Contents
Reducing Unnecessary Calls by Windows 95 ................................................................8-9
Diagnosing the Situation ..........................................................................................8-9
Implementing the Filter ...........................................................................................8-11
Applying the Filter ..................................................................................................8-14
Chapter 9
System Maintenance
System Status ................................................................................................................9-1
Terminal Baud Rate ........................................................................................................9-3
Log and Trace .................................................................................................................9-4
View Error Log .........................................................................................................9-4
Syslog and Accounting .............................................................................................9-4
Diagnostic Menu .............................................................................................................9-6
ISDN Tools ...............................................................................................................9-6
TCP/IP Tools ............................................................................................................9-7
System Tools ............................................................................................................9-8
Back Up Configuration ....................................................................................................9-8
Restore Configuration .....................................................................................................9-8
Software Update .............................................................................................................9-9
Command Interpreter Mode ...........................................................................................9-9
Call Control ...................................................................................................................9-10
Blacklist ..................................................................................................................9-10
Budget Management ..............................................................................................9-10
Call History .............................................................................................................9-11
Call Control Parameters .........................................................................................9-11
Chapter 10
Troubleshooting
Basic Functioning .........................................................................................................10-1
LEDS ......................................................................................................................10-1
Test LED .................................................................................................................10-2
LAN Link LED .........................................................................................................10-2
Troubleshooting the ISDN Line .....................................................................................10-2
ISDN Initialization or Reset ....................................................................................10-3
ISDN Loopback Test ...............................................................................................10-3
RH348.book Page viii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Contents ix
Troubleshooting a TCP/IP Network Using a Ping Utility ...............................................10-4
Testing the LAN Path to Your Router ......................................................................10-4
Testing the Path from Your PC to a Remote Device ...............................................10-5
Troubleshooting a Remote Node or ISP Connection ....................................................10-5
Troubleshooting a Remote User Connection ................................................................10-6
Troubleshooting the Manager Interface ........................................................................10-7
Testing the Phone Ports ................................................................................................10-7
Restoring the Default Configuration and Password ......................................................10-7
Appendix A
Technical Specifications
General Specification .................................................................................................... A-1
Appendix B
Ordering ISDN Lines
Ordering the Line ........................................................................................................... B-1
Provisioning for Switches in North America ................................................................... B-2
Provisioning for AT&T 5ESS Switch ........................................................................ B-2
Provisioning for Northern Telecom Switch ..............................................................B-4
Appendix C
ISDN Clearing Codes
Clearing Codes ..............................................................................................................C-1
Appendix D
Using the Protocol Analyzer and Trace Tools
The Diagnostic Process .................................................................................................D-1
ISDN Protocol Analyzer .................................................................................................D-2
Packet Tracing ...............................................................................................................D-5
Packet Trace Display Format ...................................................................................D-8
Glossary
Index
RH348.book Page ix Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

xContents
RH348.book Page x Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Figures xi
Figures
Figure 1-1. Three Main Address Classes ...................................................................1-8
Figure 1-2. Example of Subnetting a Class B Address ............................................1-10
Figure 1-3. Single IP Address Operation Using NAT ................................................1-13
Figure 2-1. Front Panel of Model RT328 Router ........................................................2-4
Figure 2-2. Front Panel of Model RH348 Router ........................................................2-4
Figure 2-3. Rear Panel of the Model RT328 Router ...................................................2-6
Figure 2-4. Rear Panel of the Model RH348 Router ..................................................2-6
Figure 3-1. Start-up Display .......................................................................................3-2
Figure 3-2. Manager Main Menu ................................................................................3-4
Figure 3-3. Menu 1 - General Setup ...........................................................................3-6
Figure 3-4. Menu 2 - ISDN Setup for North America .................................................3-8
Figure 3-5. Menu 2 - ISDN Setup for DSS1 .............................................................3-10
Figure 7-1. LAN-to-LAN Application ...........................................................................7-1
Figure 8-1. Outgoing Packet Filtering Process ...........................................................8-1
Figure 8-2. LAN Packet Which Triggered Last Call ....................................................8-9
Figure 8-3. Menu 21 Filter Set Configuration ...........................................................8-11
Figure 8-4. TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu ........................................................................8-12
Figure 8-5. Filter Rules Summary Menu ..................................................................8-13
Figure 8-6. Remote Node Profile Menu ....................................................................8-14
RH348.book Page xi Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

xii Figures
Figure 9-1. Packet Examples .....................................................................................9-3
Figure 9-2. Trace Display for a Successful TCP/IP Protocol Connection ...................9-7
Figure 9-3. Trace Display for a Failed TCP/IP Protocol Connection ...........................9-7
Figure D-1. ISDN Protocol Analyzer Display ..............................................................D-4
Figure D-2. Trace Screen ...........................................................................................D-7
Figure D-3. Packet Trace Display Definitions .............................................................D-8
Figure D-4. PPP Message Definitions .......................................................................D-8
RH348.book Page xii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Tables xiii
Tables
Table 1-1. Netmask Notation Translation Table for One Octet ................................1-11
Table 1-2. Netmask Formats ...................................................................................1-12
Table 2-1. LED Descriptions .....................................................................................2-5
Table 3-1. Manager Menu Commands ....................................................................3-3
Table 3-2. Manager Menu Summary .......................................................................3-5
Table 3-3. ISDN Setup Menu Parameters for North America ..................................3-7
Table 3-4. ISDN Setup Field Descriptions ...............................................................3-9
Table 3-5. Ethernet General Setup Menu Fields .....................................................3-11
Table 3-6. Menu 3 - Ethernet Setup Menu Fields ..................................................3-12
Table 5-1. Menu 11.1 Remote Node Profile Fields ..................................................5-2
Table 5-2. Fields in Menu 11.2 - Remote Node PPP Options ..................................5-5
Table 5-3. Relationship Between BTR and MTR ......................................................5-6
Table 6-1. Fields in Menu 13 - Default Dial-in Setup ................................................6-2
Table 6-2. Fields in Menu 14.1 - Edit Dial-in User ...................................................6-5
Table 7-1. Fields in Menu 11.1 - Remote Node Profile Fields .................................7-2
Table 7-2. Menu 11.3 Remote Node Network Layer Options Fields ........................7-3
Table 7-3. Edit IP Static Route Menu Fields ............................................................7-5
Table 8-1. Abbreviations Used in Menu 21.1 - Filter Rules Summary .....................8-3
Table 8-2. Abbreviations Used if Filter Type Is IP .....................................................8-3
Table 8-3. Abbreviations Used if Filter Type Is GEN .................................................8-4
Table 8-4. TCP/IP Filter Rule Menu Fields ..............................................................8-5
Table 8-5. Generic Filter Rule Menu Fields .............................................................8-7
RH348.book Page xiii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

xiv Tables
Table 9-1. System Maintenance Status Menu Fields ................................................9-1
Table 9-2. System Maintenance Status Menu Fields ...............................................9-2
Table 9-3. System Maintenance - Log and Trace Menu Fields .................................9-4
Table 9-4. System Maintenance - Syslog and Accounting Menu Fields ...................9-5
Table 9-5. System Maintenance - Diagnostic Menu Fields .......................................9-6
Table 10-1. Code Numbers for Failed ISDN Initialization ..........................................10-3
Table B-1. Switch Types Supported ........................................................................ B-2
Table B-2. Provisioning Features and Settings for National ISDN-1 Services ........ B-3
Table B-3. Provisioning Features and Settings for Multipoint Service .....................B-3
Table B-4. Provisioning Features and Settings for Point-to-Point Service ............... B-4
Table B-5. Provisioning Features and Settings for National ISDN-1 Service .......... B-5
Table B-6. Provisioning Features and Settings for Custom ISDN Service ............... B-5
Table C-1. ISDN Call Clearing Codes .....................................................................C-1
RH348.book Page xiv Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Preface xv
Preface
Congratulations on your purchase of the NETGEAR™Model RT328 ISDN Router or Model
RH348 ISDN Router.
These ISDN router models provide connection for one or more computer workstations to the
Internet or to the office over Integrated Services Digital Network (ISDN) lines. They operate at a
speed of up to 512 kilobits per second (Kbps) or 128 Kbps without compression. At these speeds,
you can download video clips, music, or high-resolution color graphics from the World Wide Web
or other online services many times faster than you can with an analog modem. The routers
support concurrent data and voice communications, reducing cost and administration of multiple
phone lines.
Purpose
This guide describes the features of the Model RT328 router and the Model RH348 router and
provides installation and configuration instructions. When discussing features, functions, or
specifications that apply to both router models, the guide refers to the Model RT328/RH348 router.
Audience
To configure and install the Model RT328/RH348 router, you should have the following
background and experience:
• Working knowledge of basic network management concepts and terminology
• Working knowledge of tools and procedures for installing and operating sensitive electronic
equipment
RH348.book Page xv Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Reference Guide for the Model RT328 and Model RH348 ISDN Routers
xvi Preface
Conventions
This section describes the conventions used in this guide.
Special Message Formats
This guide uses the following formats to highlight special messages:
Use of Enter, Type, and Press
This guide uses “enter,” “type,” and “press” to describe the following actions:
• When you read “enter,” type the text and press the Enter key.
• When you read “type,” type the text, but do not press the Enter key.
• When you read “press,” press only the alphanumeric or named key.
Note: This format is used to highlight information of importance or special interest.
Caution: This format is used to highlight information that will help you prevent
equipment failure or loss of data.
Warning: This format is used to highlight information about the possibility of injury or
equipment damage.
Danger: This format is used to alert you that you may incur an electrical shock by
mishandling equipment.
RH348.book Page xvi Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Reference Guide for the Model RT328 and Model RH348 ISDN Routers
Preface xvii
Other Conventions
This guide uses the following typographical conventions:
italics Book titles and UNIX file, command, and directory names.
courier font Screen text, user-typed command-line entries.
Initial Caps Menu titles and window and button names.
[Enter] Named keys in text are shown enclosed in square brackets. The notation
[Enter] is used for the Enter key and the Return key.
[Ctrl]+C Two or more keys that must be pressed simultaneously are shown in text
linked with a plus (+) sign.
ALL CAPS DOS file and directory names.
Related Publications
For more information about configuring the Model RT328/RH348 router using FirstGear™
configuration software, refer to Getting Started Using FirstGear for the Model RT328 and Model
RH348 ISDN Routers (part number M1-RH348NA-0).
For more information about address assignment, refer to RFC 1597, Address Allocation for Private
Internets, and RFC 1466, Guidelines for Management of IP Address Space.
For more information about IP address translation, refer to RFC 1631, The IP Network Address
Translator (NAT).
RH348.book Page xvii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

RH348.book Page xviii Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Introduction 1-1
Chapter 1
Introduction
This chapter describes the features of the NETGEAR Model RT328 ISDN Router and Model
RH348 ISDN Router and discusses planning considerations for installation.
About the Router
The Model RT328/RH348 router transports data from one local area network (LAN) to another
through a wide area network (WAN) connection.
The router compares the network addresses of data packets sent through the LAN to the entries in
its address tables. If a match is found for a destination network, the router passes the packet to the
path indicated by the entry in the routing table.
The entry in the path list contains the ISDN phone number(s) of the target router. The router sends
the number to the ISDN port for the call to be connected. The WAN path is established, and the
data is sent to the remote unit. At the receiving end, the process operates in the reverse order, from
the ISDN port to the LAN port.
Features
The Model RT328/RH348 router is a flexible, high-performance, easy-to-use router that provides a
cost-effective solution for intelligent networking access across an ISDN line. With minimum
setup, you can install and use the router within minutes to meet a wide variety of networking
requirements.
RH348.book Page 1 Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM

Reference Guide for the Model RT328 and Model RH348 ISDN Routers
1-2 Introduction
Key Features
The Model RT328/RH348 router provides the following features:
• Standard basic rate ISDN (BRI) connection
– ISDN, 2B+D, providing two 64 Kbps data channels and a 16 Kbps control channel
– Four-wire S/T interface on Model RT328-S/RH348-S router
– Two-wire U interface on Model RT328-U/RH348-U router
– Two-wire NTT interface on Model RH348-D router
• Protocol Support
– IP routing
– Multilink Point-to-Point Protocol (PPP) for 128 Kbps operation
– Dynamic bandwidth-on-demand with BACP
– Dynamic NAT+ for operation with a single static or dynamic IP address
– DHCP for dynamically assigning network configuration information to LAN
workstations
• Industry-standard compression
– Hi/fn (Stac LZS) compression with CCP
• Easy installation and management
– FirstGear graphical user interface (GUI) management software for Windows®users
– Built-in Manager interface for Macintosh, UNIX, and PC users, accessible by terminal
or Telnet Protocol
– Configurable through the LAN—no serial connection required
• Security
– Access control on management functions
– Dial-in access control by Calling Line Identification (CLID) and Callback
– PAP and CHAP authentication support
RH348.book Page 2 Tuesday, April 28, 1998 4:14 PM