NimbeLink Skywire NL-SW-1 RTT-A Series User manual

Skywire® Development Kit
User Manual
NimbeLink Corp
Updated: September 2018
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 1

Table of Contents
1. Introduction 3
1.1 Orderable Part Numbers 3
1.2 Product Overview 4
1.3 Block Diagram 4
2. Connect to Kit using a PC 5
2.1 Unpack Kit Contents 5
2.2 Skywire Placement 6
2.3 Attach Antenna to Baseboard 7
2.4 Ensure header J6 is shorted with 2 pin Jumper 7
2.5 Attach Jumper Wires (NL-SW-LTE-WM14 only) 8
2.6 Plug in 12V Power Supply to connector J15 8
2.7 Plug USB cable into connector J14 and PC 8
2.8 Press and hold button S1 to power on the modem 9
2.9 Open Tera Term or similar terminal emulator 10
2.10 Test Serial Communication 10
2.11 Test Signal Strength 11
2.11.1 For Non-LTE Modems 11
2.11.1 For LTE Modems 11
2.12 Activate Modem (one-time step) 13
2.13 SIM Card Detection (GSM Only) 14
2.14 Send Modem Activation String (1xRTT and EVDO only) 15
2.15 Setup PDP Context (LTE, HSPA, and GPRS Only) 15
2.16 Test Network Communication 21
3. APN Setup 23
3.1 Introduction 23
3.2 Common Verizon APNs 23
3.2 Common AT&T/T-Mobile APNs 23
4. Common Next Steps 24
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 2

1. Introduction
1.1 Orderable Part Numbers
Orderable Device
Description
Carrier
Network
Type
NL-SWDK
Skywire Development Kit
Any
Any
NL-SW-1xRTT-A
2G 1xRTT
Aeris
CDMA
NL-SW-1xRTT-S
2G 1xRTT
Sprint
CDMA
NL-SW-1xRTT-V
2G 1xRTT
Verizon
CDMA
NL-SW-GPRS
2G GPRS
Any GSM (AT&T,
T-Mobile, etc.)
GSM
NL-SW-EVDO-A
3G EVDO, GPS, GLONASS
Aeris
CDMA
NL-SW-EVDO-V
3G EVDO, GPS, GLONASS
Verizon
CDMA
NL-SW-HSPA
3G HSPA+, GNSS, GLOBAL BANDS
Any HSPA/GSM
Carrier (AT&T,
T-Mobile, etc.)
HSPA/GSM
NL-SW-HSPA-B
3G HSPA+, GNSS, GLOBAL BANDS
Any HSPA/GSM
Carrier (AT&T,
T-Mobile, etc.)
HSPA/GSM
NL-SW-LTE-TSVG-B
LTE without Fallback, GNSS
Verizon
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-TNAG-B
LTE with HSPA+ Fallback, GNSS
Any GSM Carrier
(AT&T, T-Mobile,
etc.)
LTE/GSM
NL-SW-LTE-TEUG
LTE with HSPA+ Fallback, GNSS, EU
Any EU LTE/GSM
Carrier
LTE/GSM
NL-SW-LTE-GELS3-C
LTE CAT1, Verizon
Verizon
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-GELS3-D
LTE CAT1, Verizon
Verizon
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-WM14-B
LTE CAT1, GSM
Any LTE Carrier
(AT&T, T-Mobile,
etc).
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-TM1G-V
LTE Cat M1, GNSS
Verizon
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-TM1G-A
LTE Cat M1, GNSS
AT&T
LTE
NL-SW-LTE-QBG96
LTE CAT M1, GNSS
AT&T, Orange,
Telstra, Telus,
T-Mobile,
Verizon,
Vodafone, and
more
LTE
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 3

1.2 Product Overview
The Skywire® Development Kit includes one baseboard, antenna, power supply, SIM
cards, and debug cables. Skywire modems must be purchased separately. The kit
enables you to develop your application directly on the Skywire modem with three
different ways to connect:
● Connect your PC to the Skywire modem UART port via onboard USB-to-UART
converter and send AT commands directly to the modem through PC terminal
applications. You can also connect over USB for access to multiple COM ports.
● The kit is an Arduino shield, so you can plug the kit directly onto an Arduino
microcontroller. Please see Section 4: Common Next Steps for links to example
documentation.
● To connect the kit to a different processor or development kit, a 14-pin header
breaks out the necessary signals for easy connection to any device. The modem
supports I/O levels from 1.65-5.5V, simplifying connection to other systems.
1.3 Block Diagram
*X2 and X3 U.FL connectors not present on all modems.
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2. Connect to Kit using a PC
This section covers how to connect your development kit to a PC and provision the
modem with your cellular plan. It also covers how to communicate over the serial port to
the Skywire modem which only requires the use of USB port and connector marked J14
or USB2 in the diagram below. USB1 (connector J5) is used for high speed data
connections and firmware updates to the modem and is not used in this section.
2.1 Unpack Kit Contents
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2.2 Skywire Placement
To mount your Skywire Cellular modem follow these steps:
1. Gather the following:
a. Skywire Development Kit board
b. Skywire Cellular Modem
c. U.FL extractor tool (Always use a U.FL extractor tool when placing or
removing U.FL cables on the Skywire modem to avoid damaging the U.FL
connectors).
2. Line up your Skywire’s cellular U.FL connector(s) on the side of the board closest
to the antenna connector. Depending on the type of Skywire Modem you have
there may be one, two, or three U.FL connections.
3. To avoid damage to the U.FL connector and maximize connector life, a U.FL
removal tool should be used when attaching/removing the U.FL connector.
Always insert and remove the U.FL connector with a force perpendicular to the
board. If your Skywire is using GPS, attach the GPS antenna to the bottom of the
Skywire connector X3. If you are not using your Skywire’s GPS or if your Skywire
does not support GPS, continue to step 4.
4. Attach the U.FL cable to the top U.FL connector X1 on the Skywire. If you are
using a Skywire with the cellular diversity antenna option attach a second
antenna to connector X2.
5. Carefully seat your Skywire into the board’s Skywire socket (U1). Take care to
ensure that the pins are correctly aligned. Failure to properly align the pins may
damage your Skywire.
A properly mounted SkywireTM Modem with U.FL cable attached to top U.FL connector
X1
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A common issue is accidentally inserting the modem with pins
misaligned by one row. Check pin alignment BEFORE applying
power to prevent modem damage.
2.3 Attach Antenna to Baseboard
Antenna screws onto SMA connector with a clockwise rotation
2.4 Ensure header J6 is shorted with 2 pin Jumper
This enables USB to UART communication between the PC and the modem.
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2.5 Attach Jumper Wires (NL-SW-LTE-WM14 only)
To power on the NL-SW-LTE-WM14 modem, you must tie the SW_ON_OFF pin to
GND. Place a jumper wire to connect header J8 Pins 2 and 8 together.
Please see page 3 of the Skywire Development Kit schematic for pin locations:
http://nimbelink.com/Documentation/Development_Kits/NL-SWDK/20002_NL-SWDK_S
chematic.pdf
2.6 Plug in 12V Power Supply to connector J15
2.7 Plug USB cable into connector J14 and PC
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 8

2.8 Press and hold button S1 to power on the modem
Please see the table below for the length of time needed to hold down button S1 for
your particular modem.
Device
Hold Time (th) for Button S1
To Power On the Modem
Wait Time (tw) Before
Software Communication*
LED D1 Activity
NL-SW-1xRTT-A
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 10 seconds
Blink once
NL-SW-1xRTT-S
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 10 seconds
Blink once
NL-SW-1xRTT-V
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 10 seconds
Blink once
NL-SW-GPRS
th > 5 seconds
tw > 10 second
Blink once
NL-SW-EVDO-A
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 10 seconds
Blink twice
NL-SW-EVDO-V
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 10 seconds
Blink twice
NL-SW-HSPA
th > 5 seconds
tw > 2 seconds
Solid on
NL-SW-HSPA-B
th > 5 seconds
tw > 2 seconds
Solid on
NL-SW-LTE-TSVG
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 15 seconds
No activity
NL-SW-LTE-TNAG
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 15 seconds
No activity
NL-SW-LTE-TEUG
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 15 seconds
No activity
NL-SW-LTE-GELS3
1 second <  th < 2 seconds
tw > 30 seconds
Solid on
NL-SW-LTE-WM14
n/a (Done in Section 2.5)
tw > 30 seconds
Solid on
NL-SW-LTE-TM1G
th > 5 seconds
tw > 6 seconds
No activity
NL-SW-LTE-QBG96
th > 1 second
tw > 4 seconds
Solid on
*Note: Depending on your modem and depending on the setup, the modem may be
available for use before tw.
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 9

2.9 Open Tera Term or similar terminal emulator
If you do not have a terminal emulator program, you can get Tera Term here:
http://logmett.com/index.php?/download/tera-term-486-freeware.html
Your PC may have multiple COM ports. Select appropriate USB COM port to
communicate with the development kit.
Serial Settings should be as follows (these are the default settings):
Baud Rate: 115,200 bps
Data: 8bit
Parity: none
Stop: 1bit
Flow Control: none
2.10 Test Serial Communication
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
Note: For the NL-SW-LTE-WM14, you will not see the characters you have typed until
hitting the enter key.
Note: For the NL-SW-LTE-GELS3, you may need to turn echo on in order to see what
you are typing. If you type the command:
AT
and don’t see it being typed on your screen, hit the Enter key, and type the following
command:
ATE1
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal program should respond with:
OK
Type the following command:
AT
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to verify you can see the command you are typing. After pressing the Enter key, the
terminal program will respond with:
OK
Note: The modem will output "ERROR" when a command is entered incorrectly. To
enable verbose error mode to see what error is occuring issue AT+CMEE=2 to the
modem.
2.11 Test Signal Strength
2.11.1 For Non-LTE Modems
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CSQ
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CSQ: xx,yy
where xx is the signal strength of the antenna, and yy is the bit error rate in percent.
Typical values are as follows:
Values of xx
Relative Signal Strength
0 – 9
Poor: <= -95 dBm
10 – 14
OK: -93 dBm to -85 dBm
15 – 19
Good: -83 dBm to -75 dBm
20 – 30
Excellent: -73 dBm to -53 dBm
31
Excellent: -51 dBm or greater
99
Not known or not detectable
Values of yy
Bit Error Rate (in percent)
0
Less than 0.2%
1
0.2% to 0.4%
2
0.4% to 0.8%
3
0.8% to 1.6%
4
1.6% to 3.2%
5
3.2% to 6.4%
6
6.4% to 12.8%
7
More than 12.8%
99
Not known or not detectable
2.11.1 For LTE Modems
To check the signal strength on an LTE modem the user should refer to the RSRP
(Reference Signal Received Power) & RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality)
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 11

values reported by the modem. These signal measurements will more accurately reflect
the quality of the cellular link for LTE modems by not only measuring
For the following product models (NL-SW-LTE-GELS3, NL-SW-LTE-TM1G):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CESQ
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CESQ: <rxlev>,<ber>,<rscp>,<ecno>,<rsrq>,<rsrp>
Where <rsrq>,<rsrp> are the RSRQ/RSRP values as defined by the modems AT
command manual.
For the following product models (NL-SW-LTE-TSVG, NL-SW-LTE-TNAG,
NL-SW-LTE-TEUG):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT#MONI
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
#MONI: <netmame> RSRP:<rsrp> RSRQ:<rsrq> TAC:<tac> Id:<id>
EARFCN:<earfcn> PWR:<dBm> DRX:<drx>
Where <rsrq>,<rsrp> are the RSRQ/RSRP values as defined by the modems AT
command manual.
For the following product models (NL-SW-LTE-WM14):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT%MEAS="97"
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
%MEAS: EARFCN=<earfsn>1000, CellID=<cid>, RSRP=<rsrp>, RSRQ=<rsrq>
Where <rsrq>,<rsrp> are the RSRQ/RSRP values as defined by the modems AT
command manual.
For the following product model (NL-SW-LTE-QBG96):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+QCSQ
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+QCSQ: <sysmode>, <rssi>, <rsrp>, <sinr>, <rsrq>
Where <sysmode> is the current cellular service mode, <rssi> is the RSSI value, <rsrp>
is the RSRP value, <sinr> is the signal to interference plus noise ratio, and <rsrq> is the
RSRQ value. Note: the values for RSRP and RSRQ are returned as raw values (dB or
dBm), as opposed to encoded as per the tables on the next page.
For further information regarding the SINR ratio and the <sysmode> parameter, please
refer to the QBG96 AT command manual.
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<rsrq> is the Reference Signal Received Quality (RSRQ) and <rsrp> is the Reference
Signal Received Power (RSRP). Typical values are as follows:
Values of <rsrq>
RSRQ (Reference Signal Received Quality)
0
RSRQ < -19.5 dB
1
-19.5 dB ≤ RSRQ < -19 dB
2
-19 dB ≤ RSRQ < -18.5 dB
...
...
32
-4 dB ≤ RSRQ < -3.5 dB
33
-3.5 dB ≤ RSRQ < -3 dB
34
-3 dB ≤ RSRQ
255
Not known or detectable
Values of <rsrp>
RSRP (Reference Signal Received Power)
0
RSRP < -140 dBm
1
-140 dBm ≤ RSRP < -139 dBm
2
-139 dBm ≤ RSRP < -138 dBm
...
95
-46 dBm ≤ RSRP < -45 dBm
96
-45 dBm ≤ RSRP < -44
97
-44 dBm ≤ RSRP
255
Not known or not detectable
Here are estimated signal qualities based on the above values:
Values of <rsrq>
RSRQ
Values of <rsrp>
RSRP
Quality
0
RSRQ < -19.5 dB
0 - 40
RSRP < -100 dBm
Marginal
1 - 9
-19.5 dB ≤ RSRQ < -15 dB
41 - 50
-100 dBm ≤ RSRP < -90 dBm
Fair
10 - 19
-15 dB ≤ RSRQ < -10 dB
51 - 59
-90 dBm ≤ RSRP < -80 dBm
Good
20 - 34
≥ -10 dB
60 - 97
≥ -80 dBm
Excellent
2.12 Activate Modem (one-time step)
If you are using a new SkywireTM cellular module, it does not
have an active cellular plan. To activate a Verizon, T-Mobile, or
AT&T data plan, visit http://go.nimbelink.com and create an
account and activate your Skywire there.
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 13

Please see below pictures for the location of the IMEI and MEID
To activate the NEO SIM for GSM modems, please follow the directions printed on the
AERIS SIM Card.
The NEO SIM (2FF size) must be cut to the micro-SIM (3FF) form factor in order to fit
into the Skywire modems. Use the template at the following URL to cut your SIM card to
size:
http://www.thechinacellphone.com/micro_sim_template.pdf
Activation of an Aeris SIM required a different process than Verizon activation. Please
consult the application notes on the NimbeLink website for the activation procedure.
2.13 SIM Card Detection (GSM Only)
Applies to:
- NL-SW-GPRS
- NL-SW-HSPA
- NL-SW-HSPA-B
If you are using a Skywire GSM modem that uses a SIM card, you need to configure the
Skywire modem to detect it.
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT#SIMDET=1
followed by the enter key. The terminal program will respond with:
PN 30005 rev 21 © NimbeLink Corp. 2018. All rights reserved. 14

#SIMDET: 1,1
This will enable the Skywire SIM detection.
2.14 Send Modem Activation String (1xRTT and EVDO
only)
Applies to:
- NL-SW-1xRTT-V
- NL-SW-EVDO-V
In the terminal program, type the command:
ATD*22899;
followed by the Enter key, and the module will begin the activation process which can
take several minutes. The terminal should respond with:
OK
#OTASP: 0
#OTASP: 1
#OTASP: 2
NO CARRIER
For all other responses, review network status responses online.
2.15 Setup PDP Context (LTE, HSPA, and GPRS Only)
Applies to:
- NL-SW-GPRS
- NL-SW-HSPA
- NL-SW-HSPA-B
- NL-SW-LTE-TSVG
- NL-SW-LTE-TNAG
- NL-SW-LTE-TEUG
- NL-SW-LTE-GELS3
- NL-SW-LTE-WM14
- NL-SW-LTE-TM1G
- NL-SW-LTE-QBG96
Before you can successfully communicate with the network using a GSM or LTE
Skywire, you need to define the PDP context.
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2.15.1 For AT&T, T-Mobile, and other GSM carriers and the following product
models (NL-SW-GPRS, -HSPA*, -TNAG, -TEUG):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT = 1,“IP”,”APN”
where APN is the individual APN for your network, followed by the Enter key, and the
terminal program should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your APN.
To verify that the APN was set correctly, in the terminal program type the command:
AT+CGDCONT?
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CGDCONT: 1,”IP”,”APN”
as well as the other PDP context information on the device. To enable this setting, in the
terminal program type the command:
AT#SGACT=1,1
followed by the enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
#SGACT: www.xxx.yyy.zzz
where www.xxx.yyy.zzz is the Skywire modem’s IP address.
If the AT#SGACT command does not work, the terminal will respond with
#ERROR
and further setup may be necessary. Check the signal strength with AT+CSQ to verify
the Skywire is getting an acceptable signal. Otherwise, consult the Telit AT Command
Reference Guide for your particular modem.
2.15.2 For the Verizon CAT3 LTE Skywire (NL-SW-LTE-TSVG):
Users have two options for setting up PDP Context on the CAT3 LTE SkywireTM.
Use the VZW network to pull the proper APN:
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT#OTAUIDM=0
followed by the enter key, then wait for #DRELL response from the terminal.
Next, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT?
Read the response from the terminal and see what 3rd PDP context changed to.
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The second method is to manually set the APN provided by VZW.
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT#SCFG=3,3,300,90,600,50
followed by the Enter key. The terminal should respond with:
OK
This is configuration information for setting up the context in the next step.
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT=3, “IP”, “Verizon APN”
where Verizon APN is the specific APN to connect to for your intended use, followed
by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your Verizon APN.
To verify that the APN was set correctly, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT?
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CGDCONT: 3, “IP”, “Verizon APN”
as well as the other PDP context information on the device.
To enable this setting, in the terminal program type the command:
AT#SGACT=3,1
followed by the enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
#SGACT: www.xxx.yyy.zzz
where www.xxx.yyy.zzz is the Skywire modem’s IP address.
If the AT#SGACT command does not work, the terminal will respond with
#ERROR
and further setup may be necessary. Check the signal strength with AT+CSQ to verify
the Skywire is getting an acceptable signal. Otherwise, consult the Telit AT Command
Reference Guide for your particular modem.
2.15.3 For the Verizon CAT1 LTE Skywire (NL-SW-LTE-GELS3):
In the terminal program, type the following command:
ATI
followed by the enter key. If the terminal responds with:
Cinterion
ELS31-V
REVISION 4.3.1.0c
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follow instructions for Version 1 Firmware.
If the terminal program responds with:
Cinterion
ELS31-V
REVISION 4.3.2.0
follow instructions for Version 2 Firmware.
Version 1 Firmware - 4.3.1.0c
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+SQNSCFG=3,3,300,90,600,50
followed by the Enter key. The terminal should respond with:
OK
This is configuration information for setting up the context in the next step.
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT=3, “IP”, “Verizon APN”
where Verizon APN is the specific APN to connect to for your intended use, followed by
the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your Verizon APN.
To verify that the APN was set correctly, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT?
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CGDCONT: 3, “IP”, “Verizon APN”
as well as the other PDP context information on the device.
To enable this setting, in the terminal program type the command:
AT+CGACT=1,3
followed by the enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
If the AT+CGACT command does not work, the terminal will respond with
#ERROR
and further setup may be necessary. Check the signal strength with AT+CSQ to verify
the Skywire is getting an acceptable signal. Otherwise, consult the AT Commands
Manual for Firmware 4.3.1.0.
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Version 2 Firmware
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT=3, “IPV4V6”, “Verizon APN”
where Verizon APN is the specific APN to connect to for your intended use, followed
by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your Verizon APN.
To verify that the APN was set correctly, type the command:
AT+CGDCONT?
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
+CGDCONT: 3, “IPV4V6”, “Verizon APN”
as well as the other PDP context information on the device.
To enable this setting, in the terminal program type the command:
AT^SICA=1,3
followed by the enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
OK
To verify that the APN is correct, type the command:
AT^SICA?
followed by the enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
^SICA: 1,1
^SICA: 2,0
^SICA: 3,1
^SICA: 4,0
^SICA: 8,0
If the AT^SICA command does not work, the terminal will respond with
#ERROR
or AT^SICA? will respond with:
^SICA: 3,0
Check the signal strength with AT+CSQ to verify the Skywire is getting an acceptable
signal. Otherwise, consult the Nimbelink AT Command Manual for Firmware 4.3.2.0.
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2.15.4 For AT&T, T-Mobile, and other GSM carriers and the following product
models (NL-SW-LTE-WM14):
In the terminal program, type the command:
AT%PDNSET=1,"APN","IP"
where APN is the individual APN for your network, followed by the Enter key, and the
terminal program should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your APN.
To verify that the APN was set correctly, in the terminal program type the command:
AT%PDNSET?
followed by the Enter key, and the terminal should respond with:
%PDNSET: 1,APN,IP,,,,,0
as well as the other PDP context information on the device.
Further setup may be necessary. Check the signal strength with AT+CSQ to verify the
Skywire is getting an acceptable signal. Otherwise, consult the Telit AT Command
Reference Guide for your particular modem.
2.15.5 For NL-SW-LTE-QBG96 Skywires:
In the terminal program, type the following command:
AT+CFUN=0
The terminal should respond with:
OK
The above command disables cellular functionality, and deactivates any previously
activated PDP contexts. Next, enter the command below to configure the APN:
AT+CGDCONT="1,"IPV4V6","APN"
Where APN is replaced with the individual APN for your network. The terminal program
should respond with:
OK
Note: Consult Section 3: APN Setup for help with your APN.
Finally, turn on cellular functionality by issuing the following command:
AT+CFUN=1
The modem should respond with:
OK
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