PASCO TD-8596A User manual

Instruction Manual
012-08420B
Ideal Gas Law Apparatus
TD-8596A
800-772-8700 (US) [phone]
www.pasco.com [email protected]
(1Not shown.)
Included Equipment Included Equipment
1. Mechanical stop 4. Pressure connector (quick-release connector)
2. Syringe and plunger 5. Temperature connector (mini stereo jack)
3. Thermistor CAPSTONE Experiments Download Reference Sheet1
4
1
5
3
2
Male Luer
Connector
Plastic
Tubing

Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD-8596A
2012-08420B
*see www.pasco.com
Introduction
The Ideal Gas Law Syringe allows simultaneous measurements of temperature and pressure of a gas as it is compressed.
A low thermal mass thermistor is built into the end of the syringe to measure temperature changes inside the syringe. The
response time is around a half of a second. The plunger is equipped with a mechanical stop that protects the thermistor,
and also allows for a quick, predetermined change in volume. The temperature connector, a mini stereo jack, connects
directly to a temperature sensor, and the pressure connector, a quick-release connector, attaches directly to a pressure
sensor. As the plunger of the syringe is depressed, the volume decreases while pressure and temperature increase.
Equipment Setup
Plug the mini stereo jack into the temperature sensor. Connect the quick-release connector to the
pressure port on a pressure sensor as shown. This white plastic connector can be disconnected and re-
connected during the experiment to allow for different initial plunger positions.
NOTE: If you are using a PASCO Wireless Pressure Sensor (PS-3203), make a short adapter tube. The
Wireless Pressure Sensor includes two male Luer connectors and a piece of plastic tubing. Cut a piece
of tubing abut 3 centimeters long. Lubricate the barb ends of both male Luer connectors with a very
small amount of glycerin. Push the barb ends of both Luer connectors into opposite ends of the short
piece of tubing.
On the Ideal Gas Law Apparatus, remove the short plastic tube by unscrewing the male Luer connector from the base of
the syringe. Connect the new adapter between the female Luer connector on the syringe and the pressure port on the
Wireless Pressure Sensor.
Additional Items Required or Recommended
PASCO Interface and Data Collection Software*
PASPORT Pressure/Temperature Sensor (PS-2146)
or
PASPORT Pressure Sensor (PS-2107) or Wireless Pressure Sensor (PS-3203)
and
PASPORT Temperature Sensor (PS-2125 or the equivalent)
OPTIONAL: PASPORT Sensor Extension Cable (PS-2500)
Male Luer
connector*
Plastic tubing*
Sensor
Male Luer
connector*
To Ideal
Gas Law
Syringe
Pressure Port (*Items included with
Wireless Pressure Sensor)

Introduction TD-8596A
3
012-08420B
Procedure
Set the plunger for a volume of 40 cc.
Hold the base of the syringe firmly against a sturdy horizontal surface.
Slap down on the plunger with the palm of your hand to fully compress the
gas inside the syringe. Hold this position until the temperature and pressure
have equalized and are no longer changing (about 30 seconds).
Release the plunger and allow it to return on its own. (It may not go back to
40 cc.)
NOTE: Do not use a hammer or mallet on the plunger! Only use the palm of
your hand to push the plunger down.
Software Help
See the SPARKvue Help or PASCO Capstone Help for information about
collecting, displaying, and analyzing data.
•In SPARKvue, select the HELP button ( ) in any screen including the
Home Screen.
•In PASCO Capstone, select PASCO Capstone Help from the Help menu, or press F1.
Capstone Experiment File
The included CAPSTONE Experiments Download Reference Sheet (012-15105) describes how to download pre-
configured PASCO Capstone experiments from the PASCO Web site for use with the TD-8596A Ideal Gas Law Apparatus.
For TD-8596A Ideal Gas Law Apparatus:
To download the PASCO Capstone experiment, go to https://www.pasco.com/capstoneexperiments/ and download the files
for EX-5527.
Double-click the downloaded “.ZIP” file to open the “EX-5527 Ideal Gas Law” folder.
The folder contains
Capstone Files, Images,
and a Word File.
Use PASCO Capstone to
open the pre-configured
Capstone workbook file.

Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD-8596A
4012-08420B
Experiment 1: Ideal Gas Law
Procedure
1. With the pressure coupling disconnected, push the plunger
all the way in so that the stop is bottomed out. Record the
volume reading on the syringe. It should be around 20 cc.
2. Set the plunger for a volume of 40 cc. Connect the
pressure coupling, and make sure the temperature jack is
also plugged in. Hold the base of the apparatus firmly
against a sturdy horizontal surface.
3. Open the Capstone file “EX-5527 Ideal Gas Law.cap”
4. Start recording data. Fully compress the plunger quickly so
that the stop is bottomed out. Hold this position until the
temperature and pressure have equalized and are no
longer changing. It should take less than 30 seconds for the
temperature to return to room temperature.
5. Release the plunger and allow it to expand back out on its
own. (It may not go back to 40 cc.) Wait again until the
temperature and pressure have equalized and are no longer changing. Record the final volume reading on the syringe.
6. Stop recording data.
Analysis
Constant Temperature
1. Highlight an area (click and drag) on the pressure graph at the beginning of the run before you compressed the air. You
should see that data highlighted in the Data Table. Record the initial pressure (P1) in Table 1.
2. Highlight an area on the pressure graph at the point just before you released the plunger. Note that the temperature
should be back down to almost room temperature again. Record the final pressure (P2) in Table 1. Record the volume
(V2) of the syringe when the plunger is fully compressed. It should be around 20 cc
3. For constant temperature, the Ideal Gas Law reduces to P1V1 = P2V2, or
4. Take the ratio of the final pressure over the initial pressure P2 / P1. Take the ratio of the initial volume over the final
volume V1 / V2. Are they equal? Why not? There is actually a small consistent error in the volume that you can account
Table 1: Constant Temperature
Volume (cc) Pressure (kPa)
140.0
2
Mechanical Stop
Plunger
Sensor
40 cc
V1
V2
------ P2
P1
------ (1)=

Analysis Constant Temperature TD-8596A
5
012-08420B
for. The calibration on the syringe does not include the volume of air in the tubing. If we call this unknown, additional
volume Vo, the equation (1) above can be more correctly written as
Using your measured values of V1, V2,.P1 and P2, algebraically solve for and calculate the volume Vo.
Varying Temperature
1. Highlight an area on the temperature graph at the beginning of the run before you compressed the air, as you did
before. It does not matter if it is the same pressure point or not. Record both the initial pressure (P1) and initial tempera-
ture (T1), in Table 2.
2. Record the initial volume (V1), including your calculated value of Vo .(V1 is 40 cc)
3. Highlight the area on the temperature graph where it peaks. Pick the place where the temperature has peaked, not the
pressure. It takes the temperature sensor about 1/2 second to respond. Record the peak temperature (T2) and the
corresponding pressure (P2) for that time in Table 2. You want two values that occurred at the same time.
4. Record the volume (V2), (including Vo) of the fully compressed plunger.
5. The Ideal Gas Law states that the quantity.
Use your values to calculate the ratio
Use your values to calculate the ratio
6. Compare these two ratios. Are they about the same? Calculate the percent difference between them.
Table 2: Varying Temperature
Volume (cc) Pressure (kPa) Temperature (K)
1
2
V1V0 +
V2V0 +
------------------- P2
P1
------ (2)=
PV
T
-------- Constant.=
P1V1
T1
-------------
P2V2
T2
-------------
Percent Difference Value #2 - Value #1
Value #1
---------------------------------------------------- x 100 (%)=

Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD-8596A
6012-08420B
Questions
1. When the syringe volume is suddenly cut in half, the pressure changes by more than a factor of 2. Why does it momen-
tarily spike above 200 kPa?
2. When the syringe volume is suddenly cut in half, both the temperature and the pressure go up. After a short time, the
temperature approaches room temperature, but the pressure approaches some new, higher value. Why doesn't the
pressure decrease back to its original value like the temperature does?
3. When the plunger is released in the last part of the data run, what happens to the temperature? Why?
Safety
Read the instructions before using this product. Students should be supervised by their instructors. When using this
product, follow the instructions in this manual and all local safety guidelines that apply to you.
Technical Support
For assistance with any PASCO product, contact PASCO at:
Limited Warranty
For a description of the product warranty, see the PASCO catalog. For more information visit www.pasco.com/legal.
Copyright
This PASCO scientific Instruction Manual is copyrighted with all rights reserved. Permission is granted to non-profit educational institutions for
reproduction of any part of this manual, providing the reproductions are used only in their laboratories and classrooms, and are not sold for profit.
Reproduction under any other circumstances, without the written consent of PASCO scientific, is prohibited. Revised 07-16-18.)
Trademarks
PASCO, PASCO scientific, PASCO Capstone, PASPORT, and SPARKvue are trademarks or registered trademarks of PASCO scientific, in the United
States and/or in other countries. All other brands, products, or service names are or may be trademarks or service marks of, and are used to identify,
products or services of their respective owners. For more information visit www.pasco.com/legal.
FCC Statement
This Class A digital device complies with part 15 of the FCC Rules. Operation is subject to the following two conditions: (1) This device may not cause
harmful interference, and (2) this device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause undesired operation.
CE Statement
This device has been tested and found to comply with the essential requirements and other relevant provisions of the applicable EU Directives.
Product End of Life Disposal Instructions:
This electronic product is subject to disposal and recycling regulations that vary by country and region. It is your responsibility to recycle your electronic
equipment per your local environmental laws and regulations to ensure that it will be recycled in a manner that protects human health and the
environment. To find out where you can drop off your waste equipment for recycling, please contact your local waste recycle/disposal service, or the place
where you purchased the product.
The European Union WEEE (Waste Electronic and Electrical Equipment) symbol (to the right) and on the product or its packaging
indicates that this product must not be disposed of in a standard waste container.
Address: PASCO scientific
10101 Foothills Blvd.
Roseville, CA 95747-7100
Web: www.pasco.com
Phone: [phone]
[phone]
Email: [email protected]

Analysis Constant Temperature TD-8596A
7
012-08420B
Experiment 1:
Teacher’s Notes—Ideal Gas Law
Constant Temperature, Sample Data and Analysis
V0 = 3.6 cc
Among different lab groups or over several trials you may find that calculated values of V0 vary by 1 cc or more. This may
look like a very large uncertainty, but, since it is added to the total volume of gas (40 to 60 cc) the absolute uncertainty,
rather than the relative uncertainty, should be considered.
Volume (cc) Pressure (kPa)
1 40.0 99.76
2 20.0 184.17
V0
P2V2P1V1 –
P1P2 –
---------------------------------=

Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD-8596A
8012-08420B
Varying Temperature, Sample Data and Analysis
Percent Difference = 1%
Answers to Questions
1. When the cylinder is compressed, the pressure momentarily spikes because the temperature of the gas increases. As
the temperature drops back down, the pressure decreases.
2. The pressure does not return to its original value because volume has decreased while the molar quantity of gas
remains the same.
3. When the pressure is released the temperature drops rapidly, then slowly returns to room temperature. The
temperature drops due to sudden decompression (which is essentially adiabatic). It returns to room temperature due to
heat flow from the environment into the syringe.
Experiment 1:
Teacher’s Notes—Ideal Gas Law Electronic Workbook
With the Capstone electronic workbook,
students will explore the relationship between
the volume, pressure and temperature of a gas.
They will compare graphs of V versus T⁄P for
two different quantities of gas, and use these
graphs to calculate the number of moles in both
cases.
Have your students open the Capstone file
“Ideal Gas Law.cap” and follow the on-screen
instructions. They will collect, graph and analyze
data within the electronic workbook.
To hand in their work, students can save a copy
of the file or print the workbook after they have
finished.
These sample data are from the file “EX-5527
Ideal Gas Law with data.cap”.
Volume (cc) Pressure (kPa) Temperature (K)
1 43.6 99.76 301.04
2 23.6 199.22 321.08
P1V1
T1
------------- 1 4 . 4 k P a • c c / K=
P2V2
T2
------------- 1 4 . 6 k P a • c c / K=

Teacher’s Notes—Ideal Gas Law Electronic Workbook TD-8596A
9
012-08420B
Answers to Questions in the Electronic Workbook:
1. The slope of each line is nR. From the slope and the initial pressure and temperature on Table 1, the initial volume of
gas is:
Initial Volume = nRT⁄P = (21.3 cc·kPa⁄K) × (300 K) ⁄ (102 kPa) = 62.8 cc
2. This figure is the volume of the syringe, plus the volume of the attached tubing:
Volume of tubing = 62.8 cc - 60.0 cc = 2.8 cc
3. The y-intercept of the best-fit line, 2.68 cc, is also the volume of gas in the tubing. In this case the two values deviate by
about 0.1 cc.
1. n = slope/R. Pay attention to units in this calculation.
2. The ratio of slopes is 1.51, close to the expected value of 1.5.
n21.3 cc kPa K
8.31 J K mol
--------------------------------------- 0.0213 J K
8.31 J K mol
------------------------------------ 2.56 10 3–
 mol===

Ideal Gas Law Apparatus TD-8596A
10 012-08420B
3. In theory the y-intercepts of both
slopes are equal because they
both represent the volume of the
tubing. In this case they differ by
0.35 cc.