Proceq Pundit Lab User manual

Operating InstructionsOperating Instructions
Pundit Lab / Pundit LabPundit Lab / Pundit Lab
++
Ultrasonic InstrumentUltrasonic Instrument
Made in SwitzerlandMade in Switzerland
... more than 50 years of ... more than 50 years of
know-how you can measure!know-how you can measure!
Made in SwitzerlandMade in Switzerland
... more than 50 years of ... more than 50 years of
know-how you can measure!know-how you can measure!

© 2013 by Proceq SA© 2013 by Proceq SA
22
TT
able of able of
ContentsContents
1. 1.
Safety Safety
and and
Liability Liability
33
2. 2.
Getting Getting
started started
44
3. 3.
System System
Settings Settings
66
4. 4.
Viewing Viewing
the the
Waveform Waveform
88
5. 5.
Measuring Measuring
with with
Pundit Pundit
Lab Lab
99
5.1. 5.1.
Preparation Preparation
99
5.2. 5.2.
Basic Basic
Measurements Measurements
1010
5.3. 5.3.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Pulse Pulse
Velocity Velocity
1111
5.4. 5.4.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Waveform Waveform
Display Display
1212
5.5. 5.5.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Path Path
Length Length
1313
5.6. 5.6.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Compressive Compressive
Strength Strength
(Pundit (Pundit
Lab+ Lab+
only) only)
1414
5.7. 5.7.
Compound Compound
Measurement Measurement
– –
Surface Surface
Velocity Velocity
1515
5.8. 5.8.
Compound Compound
Measurement Measurement
– –
Perpendicular Perpendicular
Crack Crack
Depth Depth
1616
5.9. 5.9.
Minimum Minimum
Dimensions Dimensions
1717
5.10. 5.10.
TT
ransducer ransducer
Selection Selection
Guide Guide
1717
5.11. 5.11.
250 250
kHz kHz
Shear Shear
Wave Wave
TT
ransducers ransducers
1717
5.12. 5.12.
TT
ransducer ransducer
Holder Holder
Accessory Accessory
1818
6. 6.
TT
echnical echnical
Specifications Specifications
1919
7. 7.
Part Part
Numbers Numbers
and and
Accessories Accessories
2020
7.1. 7.1.
Units Units
2020
7.2. 7.2.
TT
ransduransdu
cers cers
2020
7.3. 7.3.
Parts Parts
and and
Accessories Accessories
2020
8. 8.
Maintenance Maintenance
and and
Support Support
2121
9. 9.
Pundit Pundit
Link Link
2222
9.1. 9.1.
Starting Starting
Pundit Pundit
Lin Lin
2222
9.2. 9.2.
Viewing Viewing
the the
Data Data
2323
9.3. 9.3.
Adjusting Adjusting
the the
Settings Settings
2424
9.4. 9.4.
Exporting Exporting
Data Data
2525
9.5. 9.5.
Deleting Deleting
and and
restoring restoring
Data Data
2626
9.6. 9.6.
Further Further
Functions Functions
2626
9.7. 9.7.
Live Live
View View
2727
9.8. 9.8.
Conversion Conversion
Curves Curves
3030
10. 10.
Pundit Pundit
Lab Lab
Remote Remote
Control Control
Interface Interface
3131
Standards and GuidelinesStandards and Guidelines
Pundit Lab complies with the following standards: EN 12504-4 (Europe), ASTM C597-02 (NorthPundit Lab complies with the following standards: EN 12504-4 (Europe), ASTM C597-02 (North
America), BS 1881 Part 203 (UK), ISO1920-7:2004 (InternatioAmerica), BS 1881 Part 203 (UK), ISO1920-7:2004 (Internatio
nal), IS13311 (India), CECS21 (China)nal), IS13311 (India), CECS21 (China)

© 2013 by Proceq SA© 2013 by Proceq SA
22
TT
able of able of
ContentsContents
1. 1.
Safety Safety
and and
Liability Liability
33
2. 2.
Getting Getting
started started
44
3. 3.
System System
Settings Settings
66
4. 4.
Viewing Viewing
the the
Waveform Waveform
88
5. 5.
Measuring Measuring
with with
Pundit Pundit
Lab Lab
99
5.1. 5.1.
Preparation Preparation
99
5.2. 5.2.
Basic Basic
Measurements Measurements
1010
5.3. 5.3.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Pulse Pulse
Velocity Velocity
1111
5.4. 5.4.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Waveform Waveform
Display Display
1212
5.5. 5.5.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Path Path
Length Length
1313
5.6. 5.6.
Basic Basic
Measurement Measurement
– –
Compressive Compressive
Strength Strength
(Pundit (Pundit
Lab+ Lab+
only) only)
1414
5.7. 5.7.
Compound Compound
Measurement Measurement
– –
Surface Surface
Velocity Velocity
1515
5.8. 5.8.
Compound Compound
Measurement Measurement
– –
Perpendicular Perpendicular
Crack Crack
Depth Depth
1616
5.9. 5.9.
Minimum Minimum
Dimensions Dimensions
1717
5.10. 5.10.
TT
ransducer ransducer
Selection Selection
Guide Guide
1717
5.11. 5.11.
250 250
kHz kHz
Shear Shear
Wave Wave
TT
ransducers ransducers
1717
5.12. 5.12.
TT
ransducer ransducer
Holder Holder
Accessory Accessory
1818
6. 6.
TT
echnical echnical
Specifications Specifications
1919
7. 7.
Part Part
Numbers Numbers
and and
Accessories Accessories
2020
7.1. 7.1.
Units Units
2020
7.2. 7.2.
TT
ransduransdu
cers cers
2020
7.3. 7.3.
Parts Parts
and and
Accessories Accessories
2020
8. 8.
Maintenance Maintenance
and and
Support Support
2121
9. 9.
Pundit Pundit
Link Link
2222
9.1. 9.1.
Starting Starting
Pundit Pundit
Lin Lin
2222
9.2. 9.2.
Viewing Viewing
the the
Data Data
2323
9.3. 9.3.
Adjusting Adjusting
the the
Settings Settings
2424
9.4. 9.4.
Exporting Exporting
Data Data
2525
9.5. 9.5.
Deleting Deleting
and and
restoring restoring
Data Data
2626
9.6. 9.6.
Further Further
Functions Functions
2626
9.7. 9.7.
Live Live
View View
2727
9.8. 9.8.
Conversion Conversion
Curves Curves
3030
10. 10.
Pundit Pundit
Lab Lab
Remote Remote
Control Control
Interface Interface
3131
Standards and GuidelinesStandards and Guidelines
Pundit Lab complies with the following standards: EN 12504-4 (Europe), ASTM C597-02 (NorthPundit Lab complies with the following standards: EN 12504-4 (Europe), ASTM C597-02 (North
America), BS 1881 Part 203 (UK), ISO1920-7:2004 (InternatioAmerica), BS 1881 Part 203 (UK), ISO1920-7:2004 (Internatio
nal), IS13311 (India), CECS21 (China)nal), IS13311 (India), CECS21 (China)

© 2013 by Proceq SA© 2013 by Proceq SA
33
1. Safety and Liability1. Safety and Liability
1.1. Safety and usage precautions1.1. Safety and usage precautions
This manual contains important information on the safety, use and maintenance of the PunditThis manual contains important information on the safety, use and maintenance of the Pundit
Lab. Read through the manual carefully before the first Lab. Read through the manual carefully before the first
use of the instrument. Keep use of the instrument. Keep
the manualthe manual
in a safe place for future reference.in a safe place for future reference.
1.2. Liability and warranty1.2. Liability and warranty
Proceq’Proceq’
s “General Ts “General T
erms and Conditions erms and Conditions
of Sale and of Sale and
Delivery” apply in all Delivery” apply in all
cases. Warranty andcases. Warranty and
liability claims arising from personal injury and liability claims arising from personal injury and
damage to property cannot be upheld if damage to property cannot be upheld if
they arethey are
due to one or more of the following causes:due to one or more of the following causes:
••
Failure to use the instrument in accordance with its designated use as described in thisFailure to use the instrument in accordance with its designated use as described in this
manual.manual.
••
Incorrect performance check for operation and maintenance of the instrument and itsIncorrect performance check for operation and maintenance of the instrument and its
components.components.
••
Failure to adhere to the sections of the manual dealing with the performance check,Failure to adhere to the sections of the manual dealing with the performance check,
operation and maintenance of the instrument and its components.operation and maintenance of the instrument and its components.
••
Unauthorized structural modifications to the instrument and its components.Unauthorized structural modifications to the instrument and its components.
••
Serious damage resulting from the effects of foreign bodies, accidents, vandalism andSerious damage resulting from the effects of foreign bodies, accidents, vandalism and
force majeure.force majeure.
All information All information
contained in contained in
this documentation this documentation
is presented is presented
in good in good
faith and faith and
believed to believed to
bebe
correct. Proceq SA makes no warranties and excludes all liability as to the completeness and/correct. Proceq SA makes no warranties and excludes all liability as to the completeness and/
or accuracy of the information.or accuracy of the information.
1.3. Safety instructions1.3. Safety instructions
The instrument is not allowed to be operated by children or anyone under the influence ofThe instrument is not allowed to be operated by children or anyone under the influence of
alcohol, drugs or pharmaceutical preparations. Anyone who is not familiar with this manualalcohol, drugs or pharmaceutical preparations. Anyone who is not familiar with this manual
must be supervised when using the instrument.must be supervised when using the instrument.
1.4. Labelling1.4. Labelling
The following icons are used in conjunction with all important safety notes used in this man-The following icons are used in conjunction with all important safety notes used in this man-
ual.ual.
ii
Note:Note:
This symbol indicates important information.This symbol indicates important information.
1.5. Correct Usage1.5. Correct Usage
••
The instrument is only to be used for its designated purpose as describe herein.The instrument is only to be used for its designated purpose as describe herein.
••
Replace faulty components only with original replacement parts from Proceq.Replace faulty components only with original replacement parts from Proceq.
••
Accessories should only be installed Accessories should only be installed
or connected to the instrument if they or connected to the instrument if they
are expresslyare expressly
authorized by Proceq. If other accessories are installed or connected to the instrument thenauthorized by Proceq. If other accessories are installed or connected to the instrument then
Proceq will accept no liability and the product guarantee is forfeit.Proceq will accept no liability and the product guarantee is forfeit.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
4
2. Getting started
Rear Panel
Connectors for:
Oscilloscope
USB – PC / Power Supply
The Pundit Lab can be powered by batteries, by the mains or by the USB connection to a PC.
Front Panel
The soft keys are context sensitive. The display
icon shows the active function.
The lower right-hand key is for Power ON/OFF
and also to “Cancel” a setting and return to the
previous menu.
The navigation key is for scrolling through menus and for setting variable parameters.
Transducer Connection
Connect the transducers to the front of the display unit using the BNC cables. If cables of dif-
ferent lengths are used, the longer cable should be connected to the transmitter.
i
Note:
To avoid the possibility of electrical shock, the transducers must be con-
nected before switching on and disconnected only after switching off.
Basic Measurement
Compound Measurement
System Settings
Information
Power ON
Press and hold the lower right-hand key for 3 seconds. The main menu and the type "Pundit
Lab" or "Pundit Lab
+
" is displayed.
Clicking on the “Information” soft key brings up important device information.
Battery status or
USB connection
Serial number
Hardware version
Firmware version
Power Management – Power OFF
When operating on battery power the instrument goes into standby mode after 5 minutes of
inactivity. After 30 minutes it shuts down completely. When powered by the USB connection,
the display shuts down after 1 hour of inactivity. Press the lower right hand key (Power ON/
OFF
, Cancel) to
recover from standby mode. To power off, press and hold the l
ower right-hand
key for 3 seconds.
Batteries

© 2013 by Proceq SA
5
Zeroing the Pundit Lab
The Pundit Lab should be zeroed
using the calibration rod on a
regular basis and in particular if the
transducer frequency is changed or if
the cables are changed. The expected
calibration value (µs) is marked on the
calibration rod.
Couple the transducers to the
calibration rod by applying couplant
to the transducers and both ends of
the rod and pressing firmly together
as shown.
i
Note:
When zeroing the exponential transducers the dedicated calibration rod
(325 40 174) should be used.
Select System Settings
(See chapter 3 for more info)
Check Tx/Rx matches transducer
frequency
. Pulse
width requires no
adjustment.
Correction factor set to 1.0.
Select Calibration.
If necessary, select to enter the transit
time as marked on the calibration rod.
Va
riable parameter;
set as follows:
Up/down
keys
- fi
ne
adjustment
Left/right
keys
- coarse
adjustment.
Center key
- enters
the value
and
returns to the previous menu.
Cancel key
- cancels
the input
and
returns to the previous menu.
Press “Start” to begin the calibration
sequence.
The final display shows the expected
transit time and below it the measured
transit time. This should match the
value on the calibration rod.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
6
3. System Settings
Select System Settings
Set:
- Transducer frequency
- Pulse width
- Calibration setting
- Correction factor
Or scroll to next screen
Set:
- Excitation voltage
- Receiver gain
- Units (metric/imperial)
(Pundit
Lab
+
only:
Compressive strength unit)
- Continuous or burst
 transmission
Pundit Lab
+
only
Set:
Date and time
Compressive strength curve (Re-
bound value for SONREB method)
P
a
r
a
m
e
t
e
r
P
r
e
s
e
t
s
(
C
l
i
c
k
o
n
s
o
f
t
k
e
y
t
o
scroll through)
Var
iable (Set with
navigation key; see 2.1)
Tx
/ R
x F
re
qu
en
cy
(k
Hz
)
24
, 3
7,
54
, 8
2,
15
0,
20
0,
22
0,
25
0,
500
-
P
u
l
s
e
w
i
d
t
h
A
u
t
o
m
a
t
i
c
1
-
1
0
0
µ
s
C
a
l
i
b
r
a
t
i
o
n
(
S
e
e
2
.
1
)
-
1
-
1
1
0
µ
s
C
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
f
a
c
t
o
r
-
0
.
0
7
–
1
.
3
E
x
c
i
t
a
t
i
o
n
v
o
l
t
a
g
e
(
V
)
1
2
5
,
2
5
0
,
3
5
0
,
5
0
0
,
A
U
T
O
-
R
x
G
a
i
n
P
u
n
d
i
t
L
a
b
Pundit Lab
+
1x, 10x, 100x, AUTO
1x, 2x, 5x, 10x, 20x, 50x,
100x,
200x, 500x, 1000x, AUTO
-
U
n
i
t
s
P
u
n
d
i
t
L
a
b
Pundit Lab
+
ft / m
ft / m, MPa, N/mm2, psi, kg/cm2
-
T
r
a
n
s
m
i
s
s
i
o
n
p
u
l
s
e
C
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s
/
b
u
r
s
t
-
Date and time (Pundit
Lab
+
)
Set time stamp.
Compressive strength
curve (Pundit Lab
+
)
C
u
r
v
e
s
d
e
fi
n
e
d
i
n
P
u
n
d
i
t
L
i
n
k
.
E
n
t
e
r
a
r
e
b
o
u
n
d
v
a
l
u
e
for SONREB curves.
Automatic Gain and V
oltage Setting
The excitation voltage and the receiver gain can both be set to automatic. In this mode the
Pundit Lab finds the optimum combination of the two parameters for a stable measurement.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
7
Rx Gain 200x, 500x, 1000x
This feature is available in Pundit Lab
+
only and replaces the need for an external amplifier (325
40 059) when using long cables or exponential transducers. When such high gain stages are
selected it is highly recommended to use manual triggering with the waveform display.
Pulse Width
The pulse width is automatically set to the optimum value for the selected transducer frequency
and typically requires no adjustment. For certain applications, it may however be adjusted if
desired. (Refer to ASTM D 2845
- Standard T
est Method for Laboratory Determination of Pulse
V
elocities and Ultrasonic Elastic Constants of Rock.)
It also allows non-standard transducers up to 500 kHz to be used with Pundit Lab:
Pulse width “p” in microseconds (µs) to be entered here is calculated from the formula
p = 1'000/(2*f) , wher
e f
= transducer frequency in
kHz
If a non standard value is set manually it is indicated
by an asterisk.
Continuous/Burst
T
ransmission
Continuous transmission continues transmitting until the “Stop” button is pressed.
Burst transmission sends out packets of pulses until a stable reading is obtained
then stops
automatically.
Correction Factor
Pulse velocity measurements are affected by several factors. These are well described in BS
1881 : Part 203 and it is recommended that the user refers to this document. Two key factors
are the moisture content of the concrete and the temperature. The table below shows the
correction factor that should be keyed in based on the recommendations made in the above
standard.
T
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
D
r
y
c
o
n
c
r
e
t
e
W
e
t
c
o
n
c
r
e
t
e
1
0
°
C
–
3
0
°
C
1
.
0
(
N
o
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
)
1
.
0
(
N
o
c
o
r
r
e
c
t
i
o
n
)
6
0
°
C
1
.
0
5
1
.
0
4
4
0
°
C
1
.
0
2
1
.
0
2
0
°
C
0
.
9
9
0
.
9
9
-
4
°
C
0
.
9
8
0
.
9
2
Units (Pundit Lab
+
only)
Selecting units opens a second screen where
the user may select a compressive strength unit
in addition to the imperial or metric units.
Date and Time (Pundit Lab
+
only)
Used to provide measurements with a time
stamp.
Use the left and right keys to move between
settings. Use the up and down keys to adjust
the settings. Press enter to save, or cancel to
return without saving.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
8
4. Viewing the Waveform
While carrying out the measurements described in the following chapter it is possible to view
the received waveform. Pundit Lab offers three possibilities to look at the waveform.
Oscilloscope
Connect an oscilloscope to the connector on the rear panel. A typical waveform will look like
this:
Both the trigger pulse and the
received waveform are displayed.
Pundit Link - PC
The waveform may also be
viewed on a PC or Laptop co
nnected via the USB port. Please refer
to the Pundit Link operating instructions for details (chapter 9).
On the instrument
The waveform may be directly viewed on the instrument. See next chapter for operating de-
tails.
Rx Waveform
Trigger pulse

© 2013 by Proceq SA
9
5. Measuring with Pundit Lab
The Pundit Lab can be used for several applications including the following:
•
Pulse velocity measurement
•
Path length measurement
•
Uniformity assessment
•
Surface velocity measurement
•
Crack depth measurement
•
Estimating the dynamic elastic modulus of samples (with the shear wave transducers)
•
Pundit Lab
+
only. Estimating compressive strength using pulse velocity alone or in combi-
nation with a rebound hammer
Transducer arrangement
Three transducer arrangements are commonly used.
Wherever possible use the direct arrangement as this ensures the maximum signal transmis-
sion between the transducers. The semi-direct arrangement is less sensitive than the direct,
but more sensitive than the indirect arrangement. The path length is the distance between the
centers of
each transducer.
The indirect method is particularly useful for determining crack depth, surface quality or in the
case when only one surface is accessible.
5.1. Preparation
Basic preparations are common to each application. The distance (path length) between the
transducers should be measured as accurately as possible. It is very important to ensure ad-
equate acoustic coupling of the transducers to the surface under test. A thin layer of couplant
should be applied to the transducer and the test surface. In some cases it may be necessary
to prepare the surface by smoothing it.
For compound measurements and uniformity testing a test grid should be drawn out on the
surface.
Rebars affect the ultrasonic measurements as the signal will
travel faster through the rebar than
through the concrete. The location of rebars should be determined using a rebar locator such
as Proceq's Profoscope and ultrasonic tests should be positioned so as to avoid them. BS
1881 Part 203 gives information on the effect of rebars on the expected results.
The standard measuring procedure is:
•
Apply the couplant.
•
Position the transducers.
•
Perform the measurement.
•
Reposition the transducers (compound measurements only).
•
Save the result.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
10
5.2. Basic Measurements
Basic measurements consist of a single
measurement without the need to reposition the transducers.
There are two basic measurements, depending on which parameter is known, either the path length
or the pulse
velocity
.
Set path
length
Set pulse
velocity
Continuous/Burst
transmission
Stop/Start
Measurement
Saving Measurements
At the end of a
measurement the test
result can be saved.
Save into a file defined
by an ID number.
Do not save and return
to the previous screen.
Review List (Pundit Lab
+
only)
From the main menu, clicking on the system information key (See getting started) brings up a sub
menu:
Select this to key to display the system
information.
Select this key to go the review list which
allows previous measurements to be viewed.
An asterisk beside the pulse velocity or the
distance indicates that this is the parameter
that was calculated.
1st row : Measurement ( e.g. 4 of 16) / Time stamp
2nd row: Measurement I
D / Temperatur
e
3rd row: Frequency / Voltage / Gain / Correction factor / Rebound value (SONREB only)
4th row: T
ransmission time /
Distance
5th row: Pulse velocity / Compressive strength / Conversion curve

© 2013 by Proceq SA
11
5.3. Basic Measurement – Pulse Velocity
In order to measure the pulse velocity it is necessary to measure the path length between the
two transducers.
Select
“Basic Measurements”
Select parameter setting “path
length”
Enter the path length
Start the measurement
The display shows:
- Transmission time
- Measured pulse velocity
- Received signal level *
Stop the measurement
(Not necessary in burst mode)
Save the result or:
Adjust the gain settings.
(See Chapter 3) or:
Start a new measurement
* Best results are obtained when the received signal level is around 75%. Use the automatic
gain and voltage settings (See Chapter 3) for optimized performance.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
12
5.4. Basic Measurement – Waveform Display
Select “Basic
Measurements”
Start the measurement
Select “Waveform”
Adjust as required
(See below)
Cancel to return to
standard display
Waveform Controls
Y
<
>
V
ertical
zoom
X < >
Horizontal zoom
t
-
+
Manual
trigger
adjustment
 Stop/Start
Note 1: Rx gain may need reducing for vertical zoom to have a noticeable effect.
Note 2: Once adjusted, trigger point does not reset automatical
ly unless a new measurement is started
in the menu “Start the measurement”
Note 3: The waveform is not saved, only the transmission time.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
13
5.5. Basic Measurement – Path Length
If the pulse velocity of the material under test is known, it is possible to measure the path length
between the transducers. The procedure is exactly the same as for measuring pulse velocity ex-
cept that in this case the known pulse velocity is entered.
Select
“Basic Measurements”
Select parameter setting
“pulse velocity”
Enter the pulse velocity
Start the measurement
The display shows:
- Transmission time
- Measured path length
- Received signal level
Stop the measurement
(Not necessary in burst mode)
Save the result or:
Adjust the gain settings.
(See Chapter 3) or:
Start a new measurement

© 2013 by Proceq SA
14
5.6. Basic Measurement – Compressive Strength (Pundit Lab
+
only)
Prior to carrying out this measurement, a conversion curve must be created in PunditLink and
uploaded to the instrument. Up to five curves may be stored on the instrument. Select the
appropriate curve and set the desired compressive strength unit. (See chapter 3 “System Set-
tings”.) Carry out a pulse velocity measurement as described above (5.3).
While the measurement is being carried out, or
when the measurement has completed, clicking
on the up or down keys switches between pulse
velocity and compressive strength indication.
SONREB Method
This method for measuring compressive strength combines the ultrasonic measurement with
a rebound hammer measurement.
The format of the
curve is: Compr
essive Strength
f
ck
= aV
b
S
c
Where:
a, b and c are constants
V is the ultrasonic pulse velocity in m/s
S is the rebound value.
Many examples of SONREB curves can be found in the literature
In the settings menu (Chapter 3) the rebound value should be entered before carrying out the
measurement. In this case the rebound value entered is saved along with the rest of the mea-
surement data.
A rebound value of 83.1 has been enter
ed here
and saved with the measurement data.
i
Note:
The rebound value may be a Q-value (SilverSchmidt) or an R-value (Origi-
nal Schmidt). This is for the user to define, but it is always displayed in the
review list as “R for rebound value”.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
15
5.7. Compound Measurement – Surface Velocity
Select “Compound Measurements”
Select "Surface Velocity"
Select parameter setting “b”.
Measure and enter the distance “b”
T
ransducers in first position
– Start
“t1” is measured. Stable reading
indicated by a tick
Receiver to 2nd position - Start
“t2” is measured. Stable reading is
indicated by a tick and result screen
is displayed.
The display shows:
- “t1”
- “t2”
- Surface velocity
Save the result or press start to
repeat the measurement.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
16
5.8. Compound Measurement – Perpendicular Crack Depth
Select “Compound Measurements”
Select “Crack Depth”
Select parameter setting “b”.
Measure and enter the distance “b”
T
ransducers in first position
– Start
“t1” is measured. Stable reading
indicated by a tick
T
ransducers in 2nd positio
n - Start
“t2” is measured. Stable reading is
indicated by a tick and result screen
is displayed.
The display shows:
- “t1”
- “t2”
- Crack Depth
Save the result or press start to
repeat the measurement.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
17
5.9. Minimum Dimensions
Minimum dimensions are recommended for accurate test results.
Minimum path length
100 mm for concrete with maximum aggregate size of 20 mm or less.
150 mm for concrete with maximum aggregate size between 20 mm and 40 mm.
Minimum lateral dimensions of the sample
This is dependent on the transmission wavelength and the pulse velocity. The minimum path
length should be equal to or greater than the transmissio
n wavelength, or a severe reduction in
the pulse velocity may be detected. The following table taken from BS 1881: Part 203 shows
the minimum recommended lateral dimensions for the test object.
T
x F
r
e
q
u
e
n
c
y
k
H
z
P
u
l
se
v
e
l
o
c
i
ty
3500 m/s
Pulse velocity
4000 m/s
Pulse velocity
4500 m/s
Minimum Lateral Dimensions
of T
est Object
2
4
1
4
6
m
m
1
6
7
m
m
1
8
8
m
m
5
4
6
5
m
m
7
4
m
m
8
3
m
m
1
5
0
2
3
m
m
2
7
m
m
3
0
m
m
5.10. Transducer Selection Guide
Generally, lower frequencies allow more depth of penetration. Higher frequencies allow better
resolution in the measurements.
The inhomogeneities in concrete influence the propagation of an ultrasound pulse. This influ-
ence can be significantly
reduced by choosing the frequency, f, such that the wave length,
λ
, is
at least twice as large as the aggregate size.
λ
is given by:
λ
= c/f,
where c is the pulse velocity (speed of sound) in concrete. The table below shows typical ag-
gregate sizes and the
corresponding maximum recommended f
requency
, respectively:
c
(
m
/
s
) 3
5
0
0
4
0
0
0
4
5
0
0
aggregate
size (mm)
8
1
6
3
2
8
1
6
3
2
8
1
6
3
2
f
m
a
x
(
k
H
z
)
2
1
9
1
0
9
5
5
2
5
0
1
2
5
6
3
2
8
1
1
4
1
7
0
5.11. 250 kHz Shear Wave Transducers
When measurements with the 250 kHz shear wave transducers are performed, it is crucial to
use the special shear wave coupling paste, otherwise shear waves cannot be properly trans-
mitted into the object under test. The shear wave coupling paste is a non-toxic, water soluble
organic substance of very
high viscosity.
Furthermore, we highly recommend using Pundit Link’s waveform display in order to manually
locate the onset of the shear wave echo. Since the latter is always preceded by a relatively
weak longitudinal echo (see Figure below), the transit time determined by Pundit Lab, would
correspond to the longitudinal instead of the shear wave.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
18
Required steps before measurements can be
performed
1.
Put
a
small
amount
of
shear
wave
coupling
gel
on
the
transducers.
2.
Firmly pr
ess
the
transducers
on
either
side
of the
25
µs
calibration r
od
(Part
No
710
10
028). Make sure that the coupling gel is properly distributed and that no air is trapped
between the transducer and the calibration rod.
3.
Connect
the
transducers
to
Pundit
Lab.
4.
Select
the
250
kHz
transducer
from
the
list of
supported
transducers
(see
Pundit
Lab
manual chapter 3 for more details).
5.
Zero
the
instrument
as
described
in
the
Pundit
Lab
manual
chapter
2.1.
Performing measurements with the 250 kHz shear wave transducers.
Typical echo signal obtained, with an experimental setup.
The first echo arrives at approximately 25.4 µs and corresponds to the weak longitudinal
wave. After 50.6 µs the much stronger shear wave echo appears in the signal.
5.12. Transducer Holder Accessory
This accessory is particularly useful for
compound measurements. (See chapter 5)
The individual transducer holders may be
detached and used separately helping to
reduce the physical strain when carrying
out extensive measurements.

© 2013 by Proceq SA
19
6. Technical Specifications
Transit time Measurement
R
a
n
g
e
0
.
1
–
9
9
9
9
µ
s
A
u
t
o
r
a
n
g
i
n
g
.
R
e
s
o
l
u
t
i
o
n
0
.
1
µ
s
Display
79 x 21 mm passive matrix OLED
Transmitter
Optimized energizing pulse 125 V, 250 V, 350 V, 500 V, AUTO
Receiver
Selectable gain steps
Pundit Lab
1x, 10x, 100x, AUTO
Selectable gain steps
Pundit Lab
+
1x, 2x, 5x, 10x, 20x, 50x,
100x, 200x, 500x, 1000x, AUTO
B
a
n
d
w
i
d
t
h
2
0
k
H
z
–
5
0
0
k
H
z
Memory
Non volatile, > 500 measured values
R
e
g
i
o
n
a
l
S
e
t
t
i
n
g
s
M
e
t
r
i
c
a
n
d
i
m
p
e
r
i
a
l
u
n
i
t
s
s
u
p
p
o
r
t
e
d
Power Supply
B
a
t
t
e
r
y
4
x
A
A
b
a
t
t
e
r
i
e
s
(
>
2
0
h
o
u
r
s
c
o
n
t
i
n
u
o
u
s
u
s
e
)
M
a
i
n
s
:
5
v
,
<
5
0
0
m
A
v
i
a
U
S
B
C
h
a
r
g
e
r
P
C
5
v
,
<
5
0
0
m
A
d
i
r
e
c
t
l
y
v
i
a
U
S
B
c
a
b
l
e
Mechanical
D
i
m
e
n
s
i
o
n
s
1
7
2
x
5
5
x
2
2
0
m
m
W
e
i
g
h
t
1
.
3
k
g
(
i
n
c
l
.
b
a
t
t
e
r
i
e
s
)
Environmental conditions
O
p
e
r
a
t
i
n
g
t
e
m
p
e
r
a
t
u
r
e
-
1
0
°
t
o
6
0
°
C
(
0
°
t
o
1
4
0
°
F
)
H
u
m
i
d
i
t
y
<
9
5
%
R
H
,
n
o
n
c
o
n
d
e
n
s
i
n
g