Ricoh B121 User manual

B121/B122/B123
SERVICE MANUAL
001874MIU
RICOH GROUP COMPANIES

B121/B122/B123
SERVICE MANUAL
RICOH GROUP COMPANIES
®
®

B121/B122/B123
SERVICE MANUAL
001874MIU

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interest of Ricoh Corporation and its member companies.
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f
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r
affiliation with Ricoh products.
2004 RICOH Corporation. All rights reserved.

The Service Manual contains information
regarding service techniques, procedures,
p
rocesses and spare parts of office equipmen
t
distributed by Ricoh Corporation. Users of this
manual should be either service trained o
r
certified by successfully completing a Ricoh
Technical Training Program.
Untrained and uncertified users utilizin
g
information contained in this service manual to
repair or modify Ricoh equipment risk persona
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injury, damage to property or loss of warrant
y
p
rotection.
Ricoh Corporation
WARNING

LEGEND
PRODUCT CODE COMPANY
GESTETNER LANIER RICOH SAVIN
B121 DSm 615 LD115 Aficio 2015 4015
B122 DSm 618 LD118 Aficio 2018 4018
B123 DSm 618d LD118d Aficio 2018d 4018d
DOCUMENTATION HISTORY
REV. NO. DATE COMMENTS
* 2/04 Original Printing

SM i B121/B122/B123
B121/B122/B123
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INSTALLATION
1. INSTALLATION............................................................................ 1-1
1.1 INSTALLATION REQUIREMENTS ...........................................................1-1
1.1.1 ENVIRONMENT ...............................................................................1-1
1.1.2 MACHINE LEVEL .............................................................................1-2
1.1.3 MINIMUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS...............................................1-3
1.1.4 POWER REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................1-3
1.2 COPIER INSTALLATION ..........................................................................1-4
1.2.1 POWER SOCKETS FOR PERIPHERALS .......................................1-4
1.2.2 ACCESSORY CHECK......................................................................1-4
1.2.3 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ........................................................1-5
1.3 PLATEN COVER INSTALLATION ............................................................1-8
1.3.1 ACCESSORY CHECK......................................................................1-8
1.3.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ........................................................1-8
1.4 ARDF INSTALLATION ..............................................................................1-9
1.4.1 ACCESSORY CHECK......................................................................1-9
1.4.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ........................................................1-9
1.5 ADF INSTALLATION...............................................................................1-12
1.5.1 ACCESSORY CHECK....................................................................1-12
1.5.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ......................................................1-12
1.6 TWO-TRAY PAPER TRAY UNIT INSTALLATION ..................................1-15
1.6.1 ACCESSORY CHECK....................................................................1-15
1.6.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ......................................................1-15
1.7 ONE-TRAY PAPER TRAY UNIT INSTALLATION...................................1-19
1.7.1 ACCESSORY CHECK....................................................................1-19
1.7.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ......................................................1-19
1.8 ONE-BIN TRAY INSTALLATION.............................................................1-22
1.8.1 ACCESSORY CHECK....................................................................1-22
1.8.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ......................................................1-22
1.9 ANTI-CONDENSATION HEATER INSTALLATION ................................1-25
1.10 TRAY HEATERS ...................................................................................1-26
1.10.1 UPPER TRAY HEATER ...............................................................1-26
1.10.2 LOWER TRAY HEATER (TWO-TRAY MODEL ONLY)................1-27
1.10.3 TRAY HEATERS FOR THE OPTIONAL PAPER FEED UNITS ...1-28
1.11 KEY COUNTER INSTALLATION ..........................................................1-31
1.12 MFP EXPANSION .................................................................................1-33
1.12.1 ACCESSORY CHECK..................................................................1-34
1.12.2 INSTALLING EXPANSION COMPONENT...................................1-35
Step 1–Controller Box.........................................................................1-35
Step 2–Printer/Scanner.......................................................................1-36
Step 3–PostScript ...............................................................................1-36

B121/B122/B123 ii SM
Step 4–Fax .........................................................................................1-37
Step 5–Reassembling.........................................................................1-37
1.12.3 INSTALLING PANELS AND KEYS...............................................1-37
Step 6–Panel ......................................................................................1-37
Step 7–Printer/Scanner Keys..............................................................1-38
Step 8–Fax Keys ................................................................................1-38
Step 9–Printer/Scanner and Fax Keys................................................1-39
1.12.4 SETTINGS....................................................................................1-40
Step 10–MFP Settings and Time Settings ..........................................1-40
Step 11–Fax Settings..........................................................................1-40
1.13 IEEE1284/IEEE1394 INTERFACE ........................................................1-41
1.13.1 ACCESSORY CHECK..................................................................1-42
1.13.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ....................................................1-42
UP Mode Settings for Wireless LAN ...................................................1-44
SP Mode Settings for IEEE 802.11b Wireless LAN ............................1-45
1.14 BLUETOOTH.........................................................................................1-46
1.14.1 ACCESSORY CHECK..................................................................1-46
1.14.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ....................................................1-46
PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE
2. PREVENTIVE MAINTENANCE.................................................... 2-1
2.1 PM TABLES ..............................................................................................2-1
Optics....................................................................................................2-1
Drum Area ............................................................................................2-1
Paper Feed ...........................................................................................2-1
Fusing Unit............................................................................................2-2
ADF/ARDF............................................................................................2-2
Paper Tray Unit.....................................................................................2-2
2.2 HOW TO RESET THE PM COUNTER......................................................2-3
REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT
3. REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT ........................................ 3-1
3.1 GENERAL CAUTIONS..............................................................................3-1
3.1.1 PCU (PHOTOCONDUCTOR UNIT) .................................................3-1
3.1.2 TRANSFER ROLLER .......................................................................3-1
3.1.3 SCANNER UNIT...............................................................................3-1
3.1.4 LASER UNIT ....................................................................................3-2
3.1.5 FUSING UNIT...................................................................................3-2
3.1.6 PAPER FEED...................................................................................3-2
3.1.7 IMPORTANT ....................................................................................3-2
3.2 SPECIAL TOOLS AND LUBRICANTS ......................................................3-3
3.3 EXTERIOR COVERS & OPERATION PANEL ..........................................3-4
3.3.1 REAR COVER..................................................................................3-4
3.3.2 REAR LOWER COVER (TWO-TRAY MODELS ONLY)...................3-4
3.3.3 COPY TRAY.....................................................................................3-5

SM iii B121/B122/B123
3.3.4 UPPER COVERS .............................................................................3-5
3.3.5 LEFT COVER ...................................................................................3-6
3.3.6 FRONT COVER................................................................................3-6
3.3.7 FRONT RIGHT COVER ...................................................................3-7
3.3.8 RIGHT REAR COVER......................................................................3-7
3.3.9 RIGHT DOOR (B121/B122)/DUPLEX UNIT (B123) .........................3-8
3.3.10 BY-PASS TRAY..............................................................................3-9
3.3.11 LEFT LOWER COVER (TWO-TRAY MODELS ONLY)................3-10
3.3.12 RIGHT LOWER COVER (TWO-TRAY MODELS ONLY) .............3-10
3.3.13 PLATEN COVER SENSOR..........................................................3-10
3.4 SCANNER UNIT......................................................................................3-11
3.4.1 EXPOSURE GLASS/DF EXPOSURE GLASS ...............................3-11
Exposure Glass ..................................................................................3-11
DF Exposure Glass.............................................................................3-11
3.4.2 LENS BLOCK .................................................................................3-12
3.4.3 LAMP STABILIZER BOARD AND EXPOSURE LAMP...................3-12
3.4.4 ORIGINAL WIDTH/LENGTH SENSOR ..........................................3-13
Sensor Positions.................................................................................3-13
3.4.5 SCANNER MOTOR........................................................................3-14
3.4.6 SCANNER HOME POSITION SENSOR ........................................3-14
3.4.7 ADJUSTING SCANNER POSITIONS ............................................3-15
Overview.............................................................................................3-15
Adjusting the First Scanner Contact Points.........................................3-16
Adjusting the Second Scanner Contact Points ...................................3-17
3.5 LASER UNIT ...........................................................................................3-18
3.5.1 LOCATION OF CAUTION DECAL .................................................3-18
3.5.2 TONER SHIELD GLASS ................................................................3-19
3.5.3 LASER UNIT ..................................................................................3-19
3.5.4 LD UNIT..........................................................................................3-20
3.5.5 POLYGONAL MIRROR MOTOR....................................................3-20
3.5.6 LASER UNIT ALIGNMENT ADJUSTMENT....................................3-21
3.6 PCU SECTION ........................................................................................3-22
3.6.1 PCU ................................................................................................3-22
3.6.2 PICK-OFF PAWLS AND TONER DENSITY SENSOR...................3-22
3.6.3 OPC DRUM ....................................................................................3-23
3.6.4 CHARGE ROLLER AND CLEANING BRUSH................................3-24
3.6.5 CLEANING BLADE.........................................................................3-24
3.6.6 DEVELOPER..................................................................................3-25
3.6.7 AFTER REPLACEMENT OR ADJUSTMENT.................................3-26
3.7 TONER SUPPLY MOTOR.......................................................................3-27
3.8 PAPER FEED SECTION.........................................................................3-27
3.8.1 PAPER FEED ROLLER..................................................................3-27
3.8.2 FRICTION PAD ..............................................................................3-27
3.8.3 PAPER END SENSOR...................................................................3-28
3.8.4 EXIT SENSOR ...............................................................................3-28
Non-duplex Models.............................................................................3-28
Duplex Models ....................................................................................3-28
3.8.5 BY-PASS FEED ROLLER AND PAPER END SENSOR ................3-29
3.8.6 REGISTRATION ROLLER .............................................................3-30

B121/B122/B123 iv SM
3.8.7 BY-PASS PAPER SIZE SWITCH ...................................................3-31
3.8.8 REGISTRATION CLUTCH .............................................................3-31
3.8.9 REGISTRATION SENSOR.............................................................3-32
3.8.10 UPPER PAPER FEED CLUTCH AND BY-PASS FEED CLUTCH3-32
3.8.11 RELAY CLUTCH ..........................................................................3-33
3.8.12 RELAY SENSOR..........................................................................3-33
3.8.13 LOWER PAPER FEED CLUTCH (TWO-TRAY MODELS ONLY) 3-33
3.8.14 VERTICAL TRANSPORT SENSOR
(TWO-TRAY MODELS ONLY) .....................................................3-34
3.8.15 PAPER SIZE SWITCH .................................................................3-34
3.9 IMAGE TRANSFER.................................................................................3-35
3.9.1 IMAGE TRANSFER ROLLER ........................................................3-35
3.9.2 IMAGE DENSITY SENSOR ...........................................................3-35
3.10 FUSING.................................................................................................3-36
3.10.1 FUSING UNIT...............................................................................3-36
3.10.2 THERMISTOR..............................................................................3-36
3.10.3 FUSING LAMPS...........................................................................3-37
3.10.4 HOT ROLLER STRIPPER PAWLS ..............................................3-37
3.10.5 HOT ROLLER...............................................................................3-38
3.10.6 THERMOSTAT.............................................................................3-38
3.10.7 PRESSURE ROLLER AND BUSHINGS ......................................3-39
3.10.8 NIP BAND WIDTH ADJUSTMENT ...............................................3-41
3.10.9 CLEANING ROLLER ....................................................................3-41
3.11 DUPLEX UNIT (DUPLEX MODELS ONLY) ..........................................3-42
3.11.1 DUPLEX EXIT SENSOR ..............................................................3-42
3.11.2 DUPLEX ENTRANCE SENSOR...................................................3-42
3.11.3 DUPLEX INVERTER SENSOR ....................................................3-43
3.11.4 DUPLEX TRANSPORT MOTOR..................................................3-44
3.11.5 DUPLEX INVERTER MOTOR......................................................3-44
3.11.6 DUPLEX CONTROL BOARD .......................................................3-44
3.12 OTHER REPLACEMENTS....................................................................3-45
3.12.1 QUENCHING LAMP.....................................................................3-45
3.12.2 HIGH-VOLTAGE POWER SUPPLY BOARD ...............................3-45
3.12.3 BICU (BASE-ENGINE IMAGE CONTROL UNIT) .........................3-46
3.12.4 MAIN MOTOR ..............................................................................3-46
3.12.5 REAR EXHAUST FAN (B123 ONLY) ...........................................3-47
3.12.6 LEFT EXHAUST FAN...................................................................3-47
3.12.7 PSU (POWER SUPPLY UNIT) .....................................................3-47
3.12.8 GEARBOX....................................................................................3-48
Replacement Procedure .....................................................................3-48
Gear Arrangement in the Gearbox......................................................3-50
3.13 COPY ADJUSTMENTS: PRINTING/SCANNING ..................................3-51
3.13.1 PRINTING ....................................................................................3-51
Registration - Leading Edge/Side-to-Side...........................................3-51
Blank Margin.......................................................................................3-52
Main Scan Magnification.....................................................................3-52
3.13.2 SCANNING...................................................................................3-53
Registration: Platen Mode...................................................................3-53
Magnification.......................................................................................3-53

SM v B121/B122/B123
Standard White Density Adjustment ...................................................3-53
3.13.3 ADF IMAGE ADJUSTMENT.........................................................3-54
Registration and Blank Margin............................................................3-55
Sub-scan Magnification.......................................................................3-55
TROUBLESHOOTING
4. TROUBLESHOOTING ................................................................. 4-1
4.1 SERVICE CALL CONDITIONS .................................................................4-1
4.1.1 SUMMARY .......................................................................................4-1
4.1.2 SC CODE DESCRIPTIONS .............................................................4-2
4.2 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT DEFECTS ................................................4-12
4.2.1 SENSORS ......................................................................................4-12
4.2.2 SWITCHES.....................................................................................4-14
4.3 BLOWN FUSE CONDITIONS .................................................................4-14
4.4 LED DISPLAY .........................................................................................4-15
4.4.1 BICU ...............................................................................................4-15
SERVICE TABLES
5. SERVICE TABLES....................................................................... 5-1
5.1 SERVICE PROGRAM MODE....................................................................5-1
5.1.1 USING SP MODE.............................................................................5-1
Starting SP Mode..................................................................................5-1
Starting SSP Mode ...............................................................................5-2
Selecting Programs...............................................................................5-2
Specifying Values .................................................................................5-2
Activating Copy Mode ...........................................................................5-2
Quitting Programs/Ending (S)SP Mode ................................................5-2
5.1.2 SP MODE TABLES–BASIC..............................................................5-3
SP1-XXX (Feed) ...................................................................................5-3
SP2-XXX (Drum)...................................................................................5-6
SP4-XXX (Scanner) ............................................................................5-11
SP5-XXX (Mode) ................................................................................5-16
SP6-XXX (Peripherals) .......................................................................5-19
SP7-XXX (Data Log)...........................................................................5-20
SP8-XXX (History) ..............................................................................5-24
5.1.3 SP MODE TABLES–MFP...............................................................5-27
SP1-XXX (Feed) .................................................................................5-27
SP2-XXX (Drum).................................................................................5-30
SP4-XXX (Scanner) ............................................................................5-34
SP5-XXX (Mode) ................................................................................5-41
SP6-XXX (Peripherals) .......................................................................5-54
SP7-XXX (Data Log)...........................................................................5-55
SP8-XXX (History) ..............................................................................5-60
SP9-XXX (Etc.) ...................................................................................5-71
5.1.4 ADJUSTING REGISTRATION AND MAGNIFICATION..................5-73

B121/B122/B123 vi SM
5.1.5 ID SENSOR ERROR ANALYSIS (SP2-221) ..................................5-74
5.1.6 DISPLAY APS DATA (SP4-301-1) .................................................5-75
Sensor Positions.................................................................................5-75
Reading the Data................................................................................5-75
5.1.7 MEMORY CLEAR...........................................................................5-76
Basic Machine and MFP Machine.......................................................5-76
Exceptions ..........................................................................................5-76
With Flash Memory Card (Basic Machine Only) .................................5-77
Without Flash Memory Card ...............................................................5-77
5.1.8 INPUT CHECK (SP5-803) ..............................................................5-78
Conducting an Input Check.................................................................5-78
Input Check Table...............................................................................5-78
5.1.9 OUTPUT CHECK (SP5-804) ..........................................................5-80
Conducting an Output Check..............................................................5-80
Output Check Table ............................................................................5-80
5.1.10 SERIAL NUMBER INPUT (SP5-811) ...........................................5-81
Specifying Characters.........................................................................5-81
Serial Number and NVRAM ................................................................5-81
5.1.11 NVRAM DATA UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD (SP5-824/825) ................5-82
Overview.............................................................................................5-82
NVRAM Upload (SP5-824-1) ..............................................................5-82
NVRAM Download (SP5-825-1) .........................................................5-83
5.1.12 FIRMWARE UPDATE PROCEDURE FOR BASIC MACHINES...5-84
5.1.13 TEST PATTERN PRINT (SP5-902-1)...........................................5-85
Executing Test Pattern Printing ..........................................................5-85
Test Patterns ......................................................................................5-85
5.1.14 COUNTER–EACH PAPER JAM (SP7-504) .................................5-86
5.1.15 SMC PRINT (SP5-990).................................................................5-87
5.1.16 ORIGINAL JAM HISTORY DISPLAY (SP7-508) ..........................5-88
Viewing the Copy Jam History ............................................................5-88
Jam History Code ...............................................................................5-88
5.1.17 ADF APS SENSOR OUTPUT DISPLAY (SP6-901) .....................5-89
Sensor Positions.................................................................................5-89
Reading Data......................................................................................5-89
5.2 FIRMWARE UPDATE PROCEDURE FOR MFP MACHINES.................5-90
5.2.1 BEFORE YOU BEGIN… ................................................................5-90
5.2.2. SD CARD PREPARATION.............................................................5-91
5.2.3 FIRMWARE UPDATE PROCEDURE FOR MFP MACHINES........5-92
5.2.4 NVRAM DATA UPLOAD/DOWNLOAD ..........................................5-96
Uploading Content of NVRAM to an SD card .....................................5-96
Downloading an SD Card to NVRAM..................................................5-96
DETAILED DESCRIPTIONS
6. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS ....................................... 6-1
6.1 OVERVIEW ...............................................................................................6-1
6.1.1 COMPONENT LAYOUT ...................................................................6-1
6.1.2 PAPER PATH...................................................................................6-3
Rev. 10/2004

SM vii B121/B122/B123
6.2 BOARD STRUCTURE...............................................................................6-5
6.2.1 BLOCK DIAGRAM............................................................................6-5
1. BICU (Base Engine and Image Control Unit)......................................6-6
2. SBU (Sensor Board Unit)....................................................................6-6
6.3 COPY PROCESS OVERVIEW..................................................................6-7
6.4 SCANNING................................................................................................6-9
6.4.1 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................6-9
Lamp Stabilizer Fuse ............................................................................6-9
6.4.2 SCANNER DRIVE ..........................................................................6-10
6.4.3 ORIGINAL SIZE DETECTION IN PLATEN MODE.........................6-11
6.5 IMAGE PROCESSING ............................................................................6-13
6.5.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................6-13
6.5.2 SBU (SENSOR BOARD UNIT).......................................................6-14
6.5.3 IPU (IMAGE PROCESSING UNIT).................................................6-15
Overview.............................................................................................6-15
Image Processing Modes ...................................................................6-16
Image Processing Path.......................................................................6-17
Original Modes....................................................................................6-18
SP Modes for Each Image Processing Step .......................................6-18
Auto Shading ......................................................................................6-20
White Line Erase.................................................................................6-21
Black Line Erase.................................................................................6-21
Auto image density (ADS)...................................................................6-22
Scanner Gamma (γ) Correction ..........................................................6-23
Main Scan Magnification.....................................................................6-24
Mirroring for ADF Mode ......................................................................6-24
Filtering ...............................................................................................6-25
ID Gamma (γ) Correction ....................................................................6-26
Gradation Processing .........................................................................6-27
6.5.4 VIDEO CONTROL UNIT (VCU)......................................................6-28
Fine Character and Image (FCI) .........................................................6-28
Printer Gamma Correction ..................................................................6-28
6.6 LASER EXPOSURE................................................................................6-29
6.6.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................6-29
6.6.2 AUTO POWER CONTROL (APC)..................................................6-30
6.6.3 LD SAFETY SWITCH .....................................................................6-31
6.7 PHOTOCONDUCTOR UNIT (PCU) ........................................................6-32
6.7.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................6-32
6.7.2 DRIVE.............................................................................................6-33
6.8 DRUM CHARGE .....................................................................................6-34
6.8.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................6-34
6.8.2 CHARGE ROLLER VOLTAGE CORRECTION ..............................6-35
Correction for Environmental Conditions ............................................6-35
6.8.3 ID SENSOR PATTERN PRODUCTION TIMING............................6-36
6.8.4 DRUM CHARGE ROLLER CLEANING ..........................................6-37
6.9 DEVELOPMENT .....................................................................................6-38
6.9.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................6-38
6.9.2 DRIVE.............................................................................................6-39
6.9.3 DEVELOPER MIXING ....................................................................6-39

B121/B122/B123 viii SM
6.9.4 DEVELOPMENT BIAS ...................................................................6-40
6.9.5 TONER SUPPLY............................................................................6-41
Toner Bottle Replenishment Mechanism ............................................6-41
Toner Supply Mechanism ...................................................................6-42
6.9.6 TONER DENSITY CONTROL ........................................................6-43
Overview.............................................................................................6-43
Toner Density Sensor Initial Setting....................................................6-45
Toner Concentration Measurement ....................................................6-45
Vsp/Vsg Detection ..............................................................................6-45
Toner Supply Reference Voltage (Vref) Determination.......................6-45
Toner Supply Determination ...............................................................6-45
Toner Supply Motor On Time Determinations.....................................6-46
6.9.7 TONER SUPPLY IN ABNORMAL SENSOR CONDITIONS...........6-47
ID Sensor............................................................................................6-47
TD Sensor...........................................................................................6-47
6.9.8 TONER NEAR END/END DETECTION AND RECOVERY............6-48
Toner Near End Detection ..................................................................6-48
Toner Near End Recovery ..................................................................6-48
Toner End Detection ...........................................................................6-48
Toner End Recovery ...........................................................................6-48
6.10 DRUM CLEANING AND TONER RECYCLING.....................................6-49
6.10.1 DRUM CLEANING........................................................................6-49
6.10.2 TONER RECYCLING ...................................................................6-49
6.11 PAPER FEED........................................................................................6-50
6.11.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................6-50
6.11.2 PAPER FEED DRIVE MECHANISM ............................................6-51
6.11.3 PAPER FEED AND SEPARATION MECHANISM........................6-51
6.11.4 PAPER LIFT MECHANISM ..........................................................6-52
6.11.5 PAPER END DETECTION ...........................................................6-52
6.11.6 PAPER SIZE DETECTION...........................................................6-53
Paper Tray ..........................................................................................6-53
By-pass Tray.......................................................................................6-54
6.11.7 SIDE FENCES..............................................................................6-55
6.11.8 PAPER REGISTRATION..............................................................6-55
6.12 IMAGE TRANSFER AND PAPER SEPARATION .................................6-56
6.12.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................6-56
6.12.2 IMAGE TRANSFER CURRENT TIMING......................................6-57
6.12.3 TRANSFER ROLLER CLEANING................................................6-58
6.12.4 PAPER SEPARATION MECHANISM...........................................6-58
6.13 IMAGE FUSING AND PAPER EXIT......................................................6-59
6.13.1 OVERVIEW ..................................................................................6-59
6.13.2 FUSING UNIT DRIVE AND RELEASE MECHANISM ..................6-60
Fusing Unit Drive ................................................................................6-60
Drive Release Mechanism ..................................................................6-60
Contact/Release Control.....................................................................6-60
Drive Release Solenoid ......................................................................6-61
6.13.3 FUSING ENTRANCE GUIDE SHIFT............................................6-62
6.13.4 PRESSURE ROLLER...................................................................6-62
6.13.5 FUSING TEMPERATURE CONTROL..........................................6-63