Ricoh IS450S User manual

HS2P
(Machine Code: G407/G408/G410/G411)
Service Manual
Issued on 22nd December 1998
Ricoh Co., Ltd

IMPORTANT SAFETY NOTICES
1. Before disassembling or assembling parts of the scanner and peripherals,
make sure that the scanner power cord is unplugged.
2. The wall outlet should be near the scanner and easily accessible.
3. The output voltage of the PSU (Power Supply Unit) can be either 100 ~ 120
Vac or 220 ~ 240 Vac, without any adjustment. Make sure that the above
voltage is used.
4. The power cord should be an approved type, in accordance with the
regulations for the country in which the scanner is used.
5. The use of cables other than the shield I/O cables or equivalent specified will
invalidate the certification of this scanner and may cause interference levels
which exceed the limits established for this equipment.
Maintenance Information
The user’s manual explains how to use and maintain the scanner. Before
performing the maintenance, read the user’s manual.
Warning concerning copyright
Many documents are copyrighted. Such documents may not be reproduced by
scanning or in any other form without the express permission of the copyright
holder.
Notice
The contents of this manual are subject to change without notice.

i
TABLE OF CONTENTS
1. OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION ........................................1-1
1.1 SPECIFICATIONS.....................................................................................1-1
1.1.1 MAIN BODY......................................................................................1-1
1.1.2 ENDORSER .....................................................................................1-2
1.2 COMPONENT LAYOUT............................................................................1-3
1.2.1 FRONT VIEW ...................................................................................1-3
1.2.2 REAR VIEW......................................................................................1-4
1.2.3 ADF ..................................................................................................1-5
1.3 DRIVE LAYOUT ........................................................................................1-6
1.3.1 SCANNER........................................................................................1-6
1.3.2 ADF ..................................................................................................1-7
1.4 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT.....................................................1-8
1.4.1 SCANNER........................................................................................1-8
1.4.2 ADF ..................................................................................................1-9
2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS.......................................2-1
2.1 INITIALIZATION ........................................................................................2-1
2.2 SCANNER MECHANISMS........................................................................2-3
2.2.1 BOOK MODE....................................................................................2-3
2.2.2 ADF MODE.......................................................................................2-7
2.3 PAPER MISFEED DETECTION..............................................................2-14
2.4 IMAGE PROCESSING............................................................................2-16
2.4.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................2-16
2.4.2 SBU ................................................................................................2-17
2.4.3 IPU (IMAGE PROCESSING UNIT).................................................2-18
2.5 REVERSE SIDE SCANNING..................................................................2-21
2.5.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................2-21
2.5.2 CIS (CONTACT IMAGE SENSOR) UNIT.......................................2-22
2.5.3 IMAGE SCANNING........................................................................2-23
2.6 ENDORSER UNIT...................................................................................2-24
2.6.1 OVERVIEW ....................................................................................2-24
2.6.2 ENDORSER UNIT..........................................................................2-25
2.7 LOW POWER MODE..............................................................................2-26
2.8 MAIN PCBs AND THEIR FUNCTIONS ...................................................2-27
2.8.1 BOARD STRUCTURE....................................................................2-27
2.8.2 SCU (SCANNER CONTROL UNIT) ...............................................2-28
2.8.3 IOB (INPUT/OUTPUT BOARD)......................................................2-29
2.8.4 ADU (ADF DRIVE UNIT) ................................................................2-30

ii
3. INSTALLATION...........................................................................3-1
3.1 ENVIRONMENT........................................................................................3-1
3.1.1 PRECAUTIONS................................................................................3-1
3.1.2 ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS ...................................................3-1
3.1.3 MACHINE LEVEL.............................................................................3-1
3.1.4 MINIMUM SPACE REQUIREMENTS...............................................3-1
3.1.5 POWER REQUIREMENTS ..............................................................3-2
3.2 SCANNER INSTALLATION.......................................................................3-2
3.3 IPU UNIT INSTALLATION.........................................................................3-2
3.4 ENDORSER UNIT INSTALLATION...........................................................3-3
3.4.1 ACCESSORY CHECK......................................................................3-3
3.4.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ........................................................3-4
3.4.3 STAMP DENSITY ADJUSTMENT PROCEDURE............................3-6
3.5 RED LAMP UNIT INSTALLATION.............................................................3-7
3.5.1 ACCESSORY CHECK......................................................................3-7
3.5.2 INSTALLATION PROCEDURE ........................................................3-8
4. SERVICE LEVEL FUNCTIONS ...................................................4-1
4.1 DIP SWITCH SETTINGS...........................................................................4-1
4.2 LEDs/TEST POINTS .................................................................................4-6
4.2.1 LEDs.................................................................................................4-6
4.2.2 TEST POINTS..................................................................................4-6
4.3 SPECIAL TOOLS ......................................................................................4-6
5. REPLACEMENT AND ADJUSTMENT........................................5-1
5.1 COVERS ...................................................................................................5-1
5.1.1 ADF EXTERIOR...............................................................................5-1
5.1.2 ADF COVER.....................................................................................5-2
5.1.3 SCANNER EXTERIOR/OPERATION PANEL..................................5-3
5.2 ADF AND UPPER SIDE............................................................................5-4
5.2.1 DOCUMENT SENSOR.....................................................................5-4
5.2.2 SEPARATION UNIT .........................................................................5-4
5.2.3 DOCUMENT TABLE ASSEMBLY ....................................................5-5
5.2.4 CIS....................................................................................................5-5
5.2.5 SCANNING GUIDE PLATE..............................................................5-6
5.2.6 FEED SENSOR................................................................................5-6
5.2.7 READ SENSOR................................................................................5-7
5.2.8 FEED-OUT SENSOR .......................................................................5-7
5.2.9 PAPER TRANSPORT DRUM...........................................................5-8
5.3 ADF AND RIGHT SIDE .............................................................................5-9
5.3.1 PAPER FEED MOTOR.....................................................................5-9
5.3.2 EDU..................................................................................................5-9
5.3.3 ENDORSER SOLENOID................................................................5-10
5.3.4 RELAY SENSOR............................................................................5-10
5.4 ADF AND LEFT SIDE..............................................................................5-11
5.4.1 ADU/PAPER TRANSPORT MOTOR..............................................5-11

iii
5.4.2 DOCUMENT TABLE POSITION SENSOR.....................................5-11
5.4.3 PICK-UP CLUTCH/DOCUMENT TABLE LIFT CLUTCH................5-12
5.5 SCANNER...............................................................................................5-13
5.5.1 EXPOSURE GLASS.......................................................................5-13
5.5.2 EXPOSURE LAMP.........................................................................5-14
5.5.3 SBU/LAMP STABILIZER/SCANNER MOTOR/PSU.......................5-15
5.5.4 IOB .................................................................................................5-16
5.5.5 SOP................................................................................................5-17
5.5.6 HOME POSITION SENSOR...........................................................5-17
5.5.7 ADF INTERLOCK SWITCH............................................................5-18
5.5.8 SCANNER WIRE............................................................................5-19
5.6 PCB.........................................................................................................5-22
5.6.1 SCU/RCU/IPU ................................................................................5-22
6. TROUBLESHOOTING.................................................................6-1
6.1 SELF-DIAGNOSTICS................................................................................6-1
6.2 CHECK ITEMS..........................................................................................6-1
6.2.1 ITEMS CHECKED DURING INITIALIZATION..................................6-1
6.3 ERROR INDICATION................................................................................6-2
6.3.1 USER LEVEL ERROR INDICATION................................................6-2
6.3.2 TECHNICIAN LEVEL ERROR INDICATION....................................6-2
6.4 TROUBLESHOOTING PROCEDURES ....................................................6-3
6.4.1 USER-VISIBLE ERROR CONDITIONS............................................6-3
6.4.2 SERVICE CALL ERRORS (SYSTEM ERRORS) .............................6-8
6.5 INDICATION WHEN A CONNECTOR IS OUT OF POSITION................6-14
6.5.1 SCANNER......................................................................................6-14
6.5.2 ADF ................................................................................................6-15
6.6 BLOWN FUSE CODITIONS....................................................................6-16
7. OPTION.......................................................................................7-1
7.1 IPU (IMAGE PROCESSING UNIT)............................................................7-1
7.1.1 OVERVIEW ......................................................................................7-1
7.2 IMAGE PROCESSING PATH....................................................................7-2

22 December 1998 SPECIFICATIONS
1-1
Overall
Information
1. OVERALL MACHINE INFORMATION
1.1 SPECIFICATIONS
1.1.1 MAIN BODY
Scanning method: Flat-bed with ADF
Book scan: Horizontal: Max. 298 mm [11.7"]
Vertical: Max. 432 mm [17.0"]
ADF: Document size:
Width: 69 ~ 298 mm [2.7" ~ 11.7"]
Length: 120 ~ 2,000 mm [4.7" ~ 78.5"]
All pages in a document must be the
same width
Document weight: 41 ~ 128 g/m2[11 ~ 34 lb.]
ADF capacity:
150 sheets (64 g/m2[20 lb.])
110 sheets (105 g/m2[24 lb.]/A4, A5, LT, HLT)
80 sheets (105 g/m2[24 lb.]/A3, DLT)
Stack height must be less than 15 mm [0.6"]
Scanning resolution: Simplex mode:
Main scan: 100 ~ 800 dpi (in 1 dpi steps)
Sub scan: 100 ~ 800 dpi (in 1 dpi steps)
Duplex mode:
Main scan: 100 ~ 600 dpi (in 100 dpi steps)
Sub scan: 100 ~ 600 dpi (in 100 dpi steps)
Grayscales: 8 bits/pixel
Initialization time: About 15 seconds
Scanning speed: 0.65 s/200 dpi (A4, binary picture mode)
Scanning throughput: Simplex mode: 55 ppm/200 dpi
(A4, binary picture mode)
Duplex mode: 86 ipm/200 dpi
(A4, binary picture mode)
(Counted from the second page)
Interface: SCSI-2
Power: 1) 102 to 138 V ac (45 to 65 Hz)
2) 187 to 276 V ac (45 to 65 Hz)
Power consumption
(without all possible options): Simplex model Standby: 50 W Max. Scanning: 90 W Max.
Low power mode: 12 W Max.
Duplex model Standby: 80 W Max.
Scanning: 120 W Max.
Low power mode: 12 W Max.

SPECIFICATIONS 22 December 1998
1-2
Operating environment: Temperature: 10 to 32°C [50 to 90°F]
Humidity: 20 to 80% RH
Weight: Simplex Model: Less than 25 kg [55.1 lb.]
Duplex Model: Less than 26 kg [57.3 lb.]
(Add 1 kg [2.2 lb.] when the Endorser is installed.)
Dimensions (W x D x H): 470 x 677 x 278 mm [18.5" x 26.7" x 10.9"]
1.1.2 ENDORSER
Number of printable characters: 19 characters (max)
Character set: 43 characters
0123456789#./-:,’AB ····Z
Character size: 1.6 (W) x 2.8 (H) mm
Character pitch: 2.4 mm ±20%
Printable lines: 1 line (main scan direction)
Inking: Ink roll type
Ink refill: Ink roll exchange
Ink color: Purple
Print position: a: 7 ±4 mm
b: 0 ±5 mm
Document
front side
Document Feed Direction
a
b
G411V506.WMF

22 December 1998 COMPONENT LAYOUT
1-3
Overall
Information
1.2 COMPONENT LAYOUT
1.2.1 FRONT VIEW
No. Name Function
1Platen cover Covers the document and serves as a neutral background for documents placed on the main
exposure glass.
2ADF exposure cover Covers the scanner and closes the ADF exposure
cover interlock switch. Also contains an exposure glass.
3Scale Used for positioning a document when placing it on the
exposure glass.
4Scanner indicator lamps The green and red lights indicate the condition of the
scanner.
5 Power switch Turns the power on and off.
6Main exposure glass A document to be scanned in book mode is placed face
down on this glass.
G411V500.WMF
1
2
3
5
4
6

COMPONENT LAYOUT 22 December 1998
1-4
1.2.2 REAR VIEW
No. Name Function
7 Reset switch If this is pressed, the machine is reset.
8DIP switches Used to select various scanning modes and test
modes.
9Interface for reverse side scanning
(Duplex model only)
Interface for the video signal during reverse side
scanning.
10 SCSI connectors For connecting the SCSI cables.
11 SCSI ID rotary switch Used to select the SCSI ID and to select diagnostic tests. Note that positions 8 and 9 are interpreted as
SCSI ID 7.
12 Power plug inlet For connecting the power cord.
13 ADF cover Open this cover to clear paper jammed at the input
side.
G411V501.WMF
13
101112 789

22 December 1998 COMPONENT LAYOUT
1-5
Overall
Information
1.2.3 ADF
No. Name Function
14 ADF Automatically feeds multi-page documents into the
scanner.
15 Document table Documents to be scanned using the ADF are placed
here.
16 Document guides Used to properly align the documents placed in the
input tray.
17 Exit table Receives documents fed by the ADF after scanning.
18 Exit table extension This holds the documents output from the ADF; it can
be extended to support long documents.
19 Endorser cover Open this cover to clean the endorser or replace the
ink.
20 Document support wire If long documents are placed in the input tray, this helps
to feed them correctly.
G411V502.WMF
15
14
16
17
19
18
20

DRIVE LAYOUT 22 December 1998
1-6
1.3 DRIVE LAYOUT
1.3.1 SCANNER
No. Name Function
1First scanner Moves the exposure lamp along the document and sends the light reflected from the document to the 2nd
scanner by means of a mirror.
2Second scanner Moves to keep the distance between the exposure lamp and the CCD constant, and sends light reflected from
the 1st scanner to the CCD.
3 Scanner drive wires Transmit motor power to the 1st and 2nd scanners.
4 Wire springs Tighten the scanner drive wires.
5 Motor belt Transmits motor power to the scanner drive wires.
6 Scanner motor Drives the scanners.
7 Pulleys Hold the scanner drive wires.
G411V503.WMF
7
7
7
4
6
23
5
7
4
1

22 December 1998 DRIVE LAYOUT
1-7
Overall
Information
1.3.2 ADF
No. Name Function
8 Feed roller Feeds the top page of the original into the ADF.
9Pick-up roller Picks up and transports the top page of the original on
the document table.
10 Separation roller Stops the lower pages of the original while allowing the
top one to pass.
11 White roller
(Duplex model only) Allows the machine to correct for variations in the white level of the CIS.
12 Feed-out rollers Feed the scanned original onto the exit table.
13 Paper transport drum Transports the original to the scanning position.
14 Paper transport rollers Hold the original against the paper transport drum.
G411V507.WMF
11
12
10
9
13
14 8

ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT 22 December 1998
1-8
1.4 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1.4.1 SCANNER
No. Name Function
1Home position sensor Detects whether the first scanner is at the home
position.
2 SCU Controls the overall scanner function.
3 Lamp Stabilizer Provides ac power to the exposure lamp.
4SBU Contains the CCD, and outputs a video signal to the
SCU.
5 Scanner Motor Drives the scanners.
6 SOP This contains the scanner indicator lamps.
7 PSU Provides dc voltages to the system.
8 IOB Controls the mechanical parts of the scanner.
9IPU Board (Option) Performs automatic text/image separation, dynamic
threshold, section area, and document size detection.
10 RCU
(Duplex Model only) Outputs a video signal of the reverse side of the original to the SCU.
11 Exposure lamp Illuminates the original for exposure.
G411V504.WMF
6
7
5
4
32
1
8
9
10
11

22 December 1998 ELECTRICAL COMPONENT LAYOUT
1-9
Overall
Information
1.4.2 ADF
No. Name Function
12 ADF interlock switch Detects whether the ADF cover and platen cover are
open or closed; cuts the power supply to the machine.
13 Paper transport motor Drives the paper transport drum.
14 Feed sensor Detects when a document is just before the feeding
position.
15 Read sensor Synchronizes the original exposure timing.
16 Paper feed motor This drives the pick-up and feed rollers.
17 CIS (Duplex model only) Contains the CCDs and LEDs that scan the reverse
side of the original.
18 EDU (Option) Controls the mechanical parts of the endorser.
19 Endorser solenoid
(Option) Moves the paper holding plate to hold the original at the endorser’s printing position.
20 Relay sensor Checks for original misfeeds.
21 Feed-out sensor Detects when a document is at the feed-out position.
22 Document sensor Detects when a document is placed on the document
table.
23 ADU Controls the mechanical parts of the ADF.
24 Document table position
sensor Detects if the document table is at the feed position or not.
25 Pick-up clutch Controls pick-up roller rotation.
26 Document table lift
clutch Switches on to lift the document table up or down.
G411V505.WMF
19
18
17
16
15
14
13
26
20
21
22
23
24
25
12

22 December 1998 INITIALIZATION
2-1
Detailed
Descriptions
2. DETAILED SECTION DESCRIPTIONS
2.1 INITIALIZATION
Power on
Is the memory OK? User Level: System error
Service Level: Memory error
Initialize the I/O port, E
2
PROM,
IPU, and memory controller
Yes
Turn on the lamp
Is the
home position check
OK? Home position error
Scan the white plate
Lamp error
Has the
initialization procedure been
tried three times?
Are the
ADF or the document feeder
cover closed? ADF open error
Is any
one of the feed, read, or feed-
out sensors on? Paper jam
Is there
any paper on the document
table?
Is the document
table working properly? Document table error
Detects document
Initialize the scanner motor
Yes
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
11
12
13
14
Yes
No
No
No
No
No
Yes
No No
Adjust the black level
Endorser motor turns on for 0.1s
10
Yes
Yes
Were there any
shading, or lamp, errors?
Is the
white level within specified
value?
User Level: System error
Service Level: Memory error
Use the default value of the white
and black levels
Yes
No
No
READY
Yes Yes
G411D503.WMF

INITIALIZATION 22 December 1998
2-2
During power-up initialization, the scanner performs the following steps (refer to the
flow chart on the previous page).
1. Tests the ROM checksum and makes a RAM read/write test. If the CPU cannot
test these, the CPU determines that a memory error has occurred.
2. Initializes the I/O port, E2PROM, and gate arrays (IPU and memory controller).
3. Initializes the scanner motor driver.
4. Checks the home position sensor signal timing while moving the scanners. If
the CPU does not detect a signal change within the specified period, it
determines that a home position error has occurred.
5. Adjusts the difference between the even and odd black levels and total black
level.
6. Turns the exposure lamp on.
7. Adjusts the white level, and checks the peak level of the auto gain control. If the
CPU cannot adjust them to the specified levels, the CPU determines that a
lamp error has occurred.
8. If the black level or the white level cannot be adjusted properly during the
above initialization process, the scanner retries the initialization up to three
times. If the CPU detects an abnormal condition at the third time (step 14), the
CPU stores the default values of the black and white levels into the NVRAM on
the SCU.
9. Checks the ADF interlock switch signal. If the CPU detects that the switch is
open, it determines that an ADF open error has occurred.
10. When the endorser unit has been installed, the endorser motor turns on for 0.1
second.
11. Checks the signals from the feed, read, and feed-out sensors. If any of them
are on, the CPU determines that there is a paper jam.
12. Checks the document sensor signal. If the CPU detects a document on the
document table, check #13 is not made until the document is removed.
13. Checks the document table position sensor signal timing while lifting and
lowering the document table.
14. See step 8.

22 December 1998 SCANNER MECHANISMS
2-3
Detailed
Descriptions
2.2 SCANNER MECHANISMS
2.2.1 BOOK MODE
Overview
The exposure lamp (a xenon lamp in this model) [A] illuminates the original. The
image is reflected onto a CCD (charge coupled device) [B] via the 1st, 2nd, and 3rd
mirrors, and through the lens [C].
The 1st scanner [D] consists of the exposure lamp, a reflector [E], and the 1st
mirror [F].
The exposure lamp is energized by an ac supply to avoid uneven light intensity
while the 1st scanner moves in the sub scan direction (down the page). The entire
exposure lamp surface is frosted to ensure even exposure in the main scan
direction (across the page).
The light reflected by the reflector is of almost equal intensity in all directions, to
reduce shadows on pasted originals.
G411D521.WMF
[F] [D]
[B][C][A][E]

SCANNER MECHANISMS 22 December 1998
2-4
Scanner Drive
The scanner drive motor [A] (a stepper motor) drives the 1st and 2nd scanners [B,
C] through the timing belt [D], scanner drive pulley [E], scanner drive shaft [F], and
two scanner wires [G].
The IOB board drives the scanner drive motor. The scanning speed depends on
the scanning resolution. The returning speed depends on the distance from the
home position sensor.
G411D522.WMF
[D]
[B]
[F]
[A]
[C]
[G]
[G]
[E]

22 December 1998 SCANNER MECHANISMS
2-5
Detailed
Descriptions
Basic Scanning Procedure
When the scan command is received from the host computer, the scanner starts
scanning as explained in the following steps.
Initialization
The scanner checks the home position, scanner cover, and memory. If an error is
detected, the scanner motor will stop.
The scanner scans the white plate [A] on the underside of the ADF exposure cover
to perform the shading function.
Image Scanning
The scanner starts to scan the image area at the designated position [B]. The
scanner stops after scanning the designated image area [C]. The arrows indicate
that the scan start position and image area depend on the settings input by the
user.
Scanner Reversing
After the image has been scanned, the scanners return to the home position [D].
The scanners are stopped when the first scanner activates the home position
sensor [E]. If the scanner home position sensor is not activated within a certain
time, a home position sensor error will occur.
G411D524.WMF
[D]
[G]
[A]
[F]
[B]
[E] [C]

SCANNER MECHANISMS 22 December 1998
2-6
Optional Steps (Optional IPU Board)
Size Detection
If selected, this is done after the ‘Initialization’ step.
1) Main Scan Direction (Document Width)
The first scanner moves to the book mode standard position ([F] on the previous
page). Then, the scanner scans 5 mm from the book mode standard position.
The scanner determines the document width in the main scan direction from the
output signal level. The edge of the document is detected by the difference
between the level of the document data and the background signal which is
provided by the silver plate [G] attached to the platen cover across the main scan.
If there is a gap at the leading edge, such as a tear (or a black stripe), extending
more than 1 mm across the paper and more than 5 mm down the paper, the
machine cannot detect the document width past this gap. In this case, an error
message may appear, and scanning is impossible. . Disable this feature to allow
the machine to scan this document.
2) Sub Scan Direction (Document Length)
The scanner detects the document size only in the main scan direction, and the
scanner driver determines that the document length is the same as for a standard
paper size of the same width.
NOTE: The scanner always assumes the paper is in a lengthwise orientation (i.e.,
the main scan is the short side). Also, in USA models, if Letter width is
detected, the paper is always assumed to be Letter size (this means that
the last few inches of a Legal-size original will not be scanned).
Read Size Command
If selected, this is done after the ‘Initialization’ step.
1) Read Size Command
If the scanner receives the Read Size command in book mode, it detects the size
in the main scan direction as described above.
The scanner sends the width data to the host computer.
After detecting the document size, the scanner scans the detected area.
Abort Command
This can occur at any time during the basic scanning procedure.
If the Abort command is received during scanning, the scanner motor is stopped.
Then the scanner returns to the home position ([D] in the previous diagram).
If this command is received while the scanner is reversing or checking the home
position, the operation is not interrupted.