RioOutdoors 4P-SH User manual

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Installation Instructions
4P-SH
4x4 Surface Mount Single Header Raftered Pergola Kit
Pergola Kits
WARNING: If the information in these instructions is not followed exactly, weakening or failure of the erected
structure may result causing property damage, personal injury, or loss of life.
All brackets designed and sold by RioOutdoors.com are to be used for building pergolas only and are not to be used for
other structure construction purposes.
•
Thoughtfully engineered
Brackets eliminate all wood-
joinery skills requirements.
•Skills required: footing &
post install, drilling pilot
holes and driving lag
screws into lumber.
•Easy lift and place U-
channels eliminate need
for lifting equipment.
Super-easy assembly
work.
•Self-aligning design
squares up structure
automatically.
•Estimated Assembly
Time is less than 1 hour
(after posts are
installed).
Figure 1: Items included in the kit, (

 ).
Items not included in this kit: wood, tools, some hardware.

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Table of Contents
1.1 SAFETY AND WARNING INFORMATION ........................3
1.2 TOOLS REQUIRED...................................................4
1.3 CONTENTS OF KIT #4P-SH ......................................5
1.4 LIST OF MATERIALS THAT YOU WILL SUPPLY,OR ARE
RECOMMENDED................................................6
1.5 POST-IN-GROUND SYSTEM.......................................7
1.6 SIDE ELEVATION DIAGRAM..................................... 10
1.7 POST-TOP SINGLE HEADER BRACKET INSTALLATION ..... 11
1.8 HEADERS PREPARATION........................................ 14
1.9 HEADERS INSTALLATION ....................................... 17
1.10 INSTALLING THE RAFTERS ...................................... 20
2.1 CONDITIONS ...................................................... 24
2.2 EXCLUSIONS....................................................... 24
2.3 LIMITATIONS OF LIABILITY ..................................... 25
2.4 HOW TO OBTAIN WARRANTY SERVICE ..................... 25
Proper pilot hole diameter and hole depth for various lag screws and wood types
Lag Screw Type
Wood Type
Pilot hole drill diameter and hole depth
¼” X 1-1/4” Lag Screw
McMasterCarr.com SKU 92351A546
Soft Wood 3/32” drill bit diam., 1-1/4” depth
Hard Wood 3/16” drill bit diam., 1-1/4” depth
3/8” X 3” Lag Screw
McMasterCarr.com SKU 92351A636
Soft Wood 11/64” drill bit diam., 3” depth
Hard Wood ¼” drill bit diam., 3” depth
A properly sized pilot hole must be drilled before you attempt to drive lag screws into any pergola lumber member.
See Table, below. Driving lag screws into lumber, without first drilling a pilot hole, can prevent the lag screw from
driving fully into the wood or can lead to crack formation while driving the lag screw in, or later, as the wood dries
naturally. This can result in a weakened pergola structure.

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GENERAL INFORMATION
1.1 SAFETY AND WARNING INFORMATION
1.1.1 Building Permit & Inspection Requirements
We recommend that you consult with your local building permit office and obtain advice and any required building permits and
inspection approvals from the local building inspection department or the local authority over building codes.
1.1.2 Other Cautions
CAUTION: Adhere to all safety requirements. Wear safety glasses/goggles when working. Wear safety gloves
when handling brackets, hardware, and lumber. Wear hearing protection when using a circular saw, miter
saw, table saw, or hammer drill.
INSTALLER: Leave this manual with the consumer. CONSUMER: Retain this manual for future reference.

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1.2 TOOLS REQUIRED
Listed below, are common tools required for pergola projects. These tools are not included in this kit. Your pergola project may
not require all tools. Select and acquire the tools for your project from the “Required for” column in this table.
Description
Tool Purpose
Required for
Reference Image
Tape
Measure
Measure and verify
lengths. All pergola types
Framing
Level Verify Level/Plumb All pergola types
Hammer
Drill
Drill holes in concrete
pads or concrete
footing for securing
floor anchor brackets.
Drill pilot holes for lag
screws.
All pergola types
Ratchet
Socket
Driver
Drive lag screws into
Pergola lumber
members.
All pergola types
7/16” Hex
Socket
Drive ¼” X 1-1/4” Hex
Hd. lag screws. All pergola types
9/16” Hex
Socket
Drive 3/8” X 3” Hex Hd.
lag screws.
Raftered pergola (single,
dual, quad headers)
3/32” Drill
Bit
Drill pilot holes for ¼”
lag screws in soft
wood.
All pergola types
11/64” Drill
Bit
Drill pilot holes for 3/8”
lag screws in soft
wood.
Raftered pergola (single,
dual, quad headers)
½” X 4”
Masonry
Drill Bit
Drill ½” X 2” deep holes
in concrete pads or
concrete footings.
Surface Mount styled
pergola
#2 Phillips
Screwdriver
Bit
Attaching pergola
rafter ties to rafters
and headers.
Raftered pergola (single,
dual, quad headers)
Circular
Saw/Miter
Saw
Cut headers to length;
cut rafters to length. All pergola types
Jig Saw
Cut rafter tail designs.
Raftered pergolas
Image not available.
Crescent
Wrench
Tighten down nut on
concrete anchors. FLOATING Pergolas Image not available.
Hammer Various. All pergola types.

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1.3 CONTENTS OF KIT # 4P-SH
The contents of this kit are shown in the table, below. Before you begin your project, take an inventory of all items that you
received from us. If any items are missing, contact us directly via email at [e-mail]. Include your name and
shipping address and your order number, if available. We will respond within 24 hours with a resolution to your problem.
Item SKU #, Description
Item Qty
Item Image
Post-Top Single Header Bracket
SKU# 4SH 4
Rafter Tie Bracket
SKU# 68RT 18
¼ x 1-1/4” SS Lag Screw
McMasterCarr.com SKU 92351A546 128
3/8 x 3” SS Lag Screw
McMasterCarr.com SKU 92351A636 8

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1.4 LIST OF MATERIALS THAT YOU WILL SUPPLY, OR ARE RECOMMENDED
This is the list of required materials which are not included in this kit. You will acquire these items locally for your project. Use
this table to help you calculate your total project budget.
Item Description Item Qty
Item
Cost
($)
Total
Item
Cost
($)
Item Image
4x4 Post Lumber
(You determine
length)
4
2x6 or 2x8 Header
Lumber
(12 ft. max 2x6, 16
ft. max 2x8)
2
2x6 or 2x8 Rafter
Lumber
(You determine
length)
16” centers. 9
for 12 ft.
header, 11 for
16 ft headers.
Tape, for marking
drill bit depth 2” NA
Grand Total Cost ($)
NA

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1.5 POST-IN-GROUND SYSTEM
•What is a Post-in-Ground anchoring system?
As the term indicates, Post-in Ground, means that the vertical posts for a pergola are inserted deep into concrete footings and
anchored in that way. The depth of the footing and the length of the post required to be embedded into the footing is
determined by the maximum depth of the frost line for a particular area. The diameter of the footing is determined by the
weight each post applies to the footing. If you add a swing or hammock, you must consider the additional weight. Consult your
local building codes to determine the required footing depth and diameter. If you fail to follow local guidelines and create a
footing that is too shallow, it can lead to the post and footing heaving upward when the ground freezes during the winter. This
can permanently damage the Pergola and render it unsafe for use.

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•Study the posts layout requirements.
First, study the posts layout requirements. Spend some time planning, yourself, so you are fully familiar with the final size you
desire for your poergola.Determine the exact location for each pergola post based on your pergola size. We have designed our
pergola systems to eliminate the need to cut any 4x4 post or header members. Plan accordingly to minimize your work
requiremens.
Mark each post location using wood stakes or bright colored spray paint. Remeasure and verify the proper location for each post.

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•Call 811.
811 is the national call-before-you-dig phone number. Anyone
who plans to dig should call 811 or go to their state 811
center's website before digging to request that the
approximate location of buried utilities be marked with paint
or flags so that you don't unintentionally dig into an
underground utility line.
Consult with your local building permit office and obtain any
required building permits and formal information related to
required footing depth and diameter for your locality.
•Install the Post-in-Ground footing system.
1. Excavate the required hole diameter and depth. Dig
down an additional 6” in depth.
2. Fill the bottom 6” with loose gravel. The loose gravel
will help keep water from pooling at the bottom of
the post and will prevent rotting of the post bottom.
3. Set each post on top of the gravel. Level each post.
Support the post using cross 2x4 members or other
means.
4. Use a laser level to see if the post heights vary
among all posts. All posts top should be on the same
plane. If a post is too low, add more gravel under the
post to lift the post up. If a post is too high, remove
some gravel and lower the post.
5. Once all posts are level and all posts’ top surfaces
are on the same plane, pour the concrete around the
post.
6. Work in 6” incremental depths. Tap concrete with the tip of
a trowel to remove air bubbles. Work upward until you
reach ground level or 1” below ground level, depending on
your desired final finish appearance. You may stop 1” below
the surface so you can over fill with some dirt and plant
grass around the post or you may fill all the way up to
ground level.
7. At this point, create downward tapered profile moving away
from the post in all directions on the concrete top surface.
This taper will help water flow away from the post.
8. Wait 7 days for the concrete footing to cure before
proceeding with the remaining construction work. If quick-
setting concrete is used, cure times may be shorter; read
the information on the concrete bag or ask your concrete supplier.

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1.6 SIDE ELEVATION DIAGRAM
Based on the height of the post above ground level, the diagram below provides the side elevation profile for this pergola
system.
Post Height
Above Ground
Dim
A Dim B
96
96
92 5/8
108
108
104 5/8
120
120
116 5/8
132
132
128 5/8
144
144
140 5/8
Dim A, above, is the height of the post above ground level. Dim B is the inner ceiling height of the pergola. Dim B is measured to
the bottom surface of the header member.

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1.7 POST-TOP SINGLE HEADER BRACKET INSTALLATION
1. Slide one Post-Top Single Header Bracket over the 4x4 post top after aligning the header receiver u-channel in the
proper direction. Let gravity work and pull the bracket all the way down on top of the post.
2. Identify the three 5/16” holes which are on the top surface and on the vertical surface on the opposite side of the U-
channel in the bracket.

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3. Wrap a piece of electrical tape around the drill bit, spaced 1-1/4” from the drill bit tip. This will act as a hole depth
indicator when you drill each pilot hole. Pilot holes should be drilled at least 1-1/4” deep. A little bit deeper is
acceptable but do not drill less than the required 1-1/4” depth.
4. Drill 3/32” X 1-1/4” deep pilot holes at the center of the three 5/16” Holes. Locate pilot holes at the center of each
5/16” hole.

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5. Drive one ¼ x 1-1/4” SS Hex Lag Screw through each 5/16” hole into the pilot holes you drilled in step 4, using a 7/16”
Socket and Rachet driver. Tighten down each screw.
6. Repeat steps 1 through 5 for each post-top single header bracket.

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1.8 HEADERS PREPARATION
We recommend a maximum header length of 12 feet for 2x6 headers and 16 feet for 2x8 headers. The recommended rafter
lengths are 12 feet for 2x6 rafters and 16 feet for 2x8 rafters. We further recommend that you allow for 18” of overhang
beyond the posts on each side for the headers and 18” overhang beyond the headers on each side for the rafters.
1.8.1 Header and Rafter Tail Designs Cutting
Visit www.https://riooutdoors.com/rafter-tail-designs to see our collection of Rafter Tail designs. Based on your cosmetic
preference and skill, select a rafter tail design shape that you plan to cut yourself or you plan to outsource the design cutting.
You may have your own design that you wish to apply to the rafter tails. The possibilities for rafter tail designs are endless. A
minor change in rafter tail detail can add a dramatic flair to your pergola design. Be creative.
1.8.2 Rafter Tie Brackets Installation
After you determine the lengths for your headers, it is time to prepare the header to install the rafter tie brackets. We have
designed the rafter tie brackets to be auto aligning and simple to locate precisely. Follow these steps for easy rafter tie
placement:
1. On the ground, place headers with the top edge of headers facing upward. Butt two headers together and align their ends
flush.
2. Clamp headers together using a C-clamp or other vice.
3. Measure and find the center along the header length. Mark a line at the center point on both header top surfaces.
The rafters may be spaced apart 12” or 16”. 12” rafter spacings will shield sunlight longer in the morning as the sun rises in the
sky and earlier in the afternoon as the sun starts to sink in the sky as compared to using 16” spacings. Here, we assume that you
selected 16” spacings for the rafters. Adjust the mark location if you choose 12” rafter spacings.
4. Measure outward 16 inches, incrementally, and mark a line at each 16” point out from center until you reach the end of the
header on each side. Alternatively, you may wish to use 12” centers if you want the sun light shaded for longer periods.
5. Separate the two headers by removing the clamp.

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6. Place one rafter tie bracket on top of a header, as shown below. See the “Right View,” below, and make certain the Rafter
Tie Bracket is properly oriented towards the inside area of the pergola. Look through the rectangle slot in the Rafter Tie.
Slide the Rafter Tie until you can see the pencil mark line you marked on the header top surface in the rectangle slot.
7. Drill 3/32” pilot holes in the center of the 5/16” holes in the Rafter Tie brackets. Two 5/16” holes exist on each side of the
Rafter Tie Bracket.

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8. Using a 7/16” Socket and Ratchet Driver, drive a ¼” x 1-1/4” Lag Screw through the two holes on each side of the Rafter to
secure the rafter tie to the header.
9. Repeat steps 7 and 8 for all rafter ties on both headers.

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1.9 HEADERS INSTALLATION
1. Lift and place one header with rafter ties in the U-channels on two adjacent post-top brackets.
2. Center the header between the two posts by measuring the overhangs and moving the header until the overhang
lengths on both sides are equal.
3. Locate the two 5/16” holes, one on each wing extension of the post-top single header bracket. Drill 3/32” X 1-1/4”
deep pilot holes at the center of the two 5/16” Holes. Locate pilot holes at the center of each 5/16” hole.

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4. Drive one ¼ x 1-1/4” SS Hex Lag Screw through each 5/16” hole into the pilot holes you drilled in step 3, using a
7/16” Socket and Rachet driver. Tighten down each screw.
5. Repeat steps 1- 2 for the second header and steps 3-4 for the remaining 3 post-top single header brackets.
6. Prepare an 11/64” drill bit to drill a pilot hole for 3/8” X 3” Lag Screws. Wrap tape around the drill bit shaft 3” from
the end of the drill bit. While drilling the pilot hole, the tape will indicate when you have reached the required
depth.

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7. Locate two 7/16” holes on the decorated face of the post top single header bracket. Drill an 11/64th X 3” deep
pilot hole in the center of each 7/16” hole. The pilot hole will go through the header and into the 4x4 post. Drill at
least 3” deep or a little bit deeper, not shallower.
8. Drive one 3/8” x 3” SS lag screw using a 9/16” socket and ratchet through the header and into the post through
the pilot holes you drilled. Tighten all screws.

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1.10 INSTALLING THE RAFTERS
1. Lift and place one rafter on a matching pair of rafter tie brackets. Measure the rafter overhang on each side of the
pergola and center the rafter.
2. Drill 3/32” x 1-1/4” deep pilot holes in center of two holes in the Rafter Tie bracket faces on both sides of the
rafter.