Siemens Sinumerik 840d sl Owner's manual



SINUMERIK

SINUMERIK 840D sl/828D

Job planning

Programming Manual

Validfor

Controlsystem

SINUMERIK840Dsl/840DEsl

SINUMERIK828D

SoftwareVersion

CNC-Software2.7CNCsoftwareversion2.7

02/2011

6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

Preface

Flexible NC programming 1

File and Program Management 2

Protection zones 3

Special Motion Commands 4

Coordinate transformation

(FRAMES) 5

Transformations 6

Tool offsets 7

Path traversing behavior 8

Axis couplings 9

Motion synchronous actions 10

Oscillation 11

Punching and nibbling 12

Grinding 13

Additional functions 14

User stock removal programs 15

Programming cycles externally 16

Tables 17

Appendix A

Legal information- Warning notice system

Legal information

Warning notice system

This manual contains notices you have to observe in order to ensure your personal safety, as well as to prevent

damage to property. The notices referring to your personal safety are highlighted in the manual by a safety alert

symbol, notices referring only to property damage have no safety alert symbol. These notices shown below are

graded according to the degree of danger.

If more than one degree of danger is present, the warning notice representing the highest degree of danger will be

used. A notice warning of injury to persons with a safety alert symbol may also include a warning relating to property

damage.

Qualified Personnel

The product/system described in this documentation may be operated only by personnel qualified for the specific

task in accordance with the relevant documentation for the specific task, in particular its warning notices and safety

instructions. Qualified personnel are those who, based on their training and experience, are capable of identifying

risks and avoiding potential hazards when working with these products/systems.

Proper use of Siemens products

Note the following:

Trademarks

All names identified by ® are registered trademarks of the SiemensAG. The remaining trademarks in this

publication may be trademarks whose use by third parties for their own purposes could violate the rights of the

owner.

Disclaimer of Liability

We have reviewed the contents of this publication to ensure consistency with the hardware and software described.

Since variance cannot be precluded entirely, we cannot guarantee full consistency. However, the information in this

publication is reviewed regularly and any necessary corrections are included in subsequent editions.

DANGER

indicates that death or severe personal injury will result if proper precautions are not taken.

WARNING

indicates that death or severe personal injury may result if proper precautions are not taken.

CAUTION

with a safety alert symbol, indicates that minor personal injury can result if proper precautions are not taken.

CAUTION

without a safety alert symbol, indicates that property damage can result if proper precautions are not taken.

NOTICE

indicates that an unintended result or situation can occur if the corresponding information is not taken into account.

WARNING

Siemens products may only be used for the applications described in the catalog and in the relevant technical

documentation. If products and components from other manufacturers are used, these must be recommended or

approved by Siemens. Proper transport, storage, installation, assembly, commissioning, operation and

maintenance are required to ensure that the products operate safely and without any problems. The permissible

ambient conditions must be adhered to. The information in the relevant documentation must be observed.

Siemens AG

Industry Sector

Postfach 48 48

90026 NÜRNBERG

GERMANY

order number:6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

Ⓟ 12.2010

Technical data subject to change

Job planning

Programming Manual 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0 3

Preface

SINUMERIK documentation

The SINUMERIK documentation is organized in the following categories:

• General documentation

• User documentation

• Manufacturer/service documentation

Additional information

You can find information on the following topics at www.siemens.com/motioncontrol/docu:

• Ordering documentation/overview of documentation

• Additional links to download documents

• Using documentation online (find and search in manuals/information)

Please send any questions about the technical documentation (e.g. suggestions for

improvement, corrections) to the following address:

docu.motioncontrol@siemens.com

My Documentation Manager (MDM)

Under the following link you will find information to individually compile OEM-specific machine

documentation based on the Siemens content:

www.siemens.com/mdm

Training

For information about the range of training courses, refer under:

• www.siemens.com/sitrain

SITRAIN - Siemens training for products, systems and solutions in automation technology

• www.siemens.com/sinutrain

SinuTrain - training software for SINUMERIK

FAQs

You can find Frequently Asked Questions in the Service&Support pages under Product

Support. http://support.automation.siemens.com

Preface

Job planning

4Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

SINUMERIK

You can find information on SINUMERIK under the following link:

www.siemens.com/sinumerik

Target group

This publication is intended for:

• Programmers

• Project engineers

Benefits

With the programming manual, the target group can develop, write, test, and debug programs

and software user interfaces.

Standard scope

This Programming Guide describes the functionality afforded by standard functions.

Extensions or changes made by the machine tool manufacturer are documented by the

machine tool manufacturer.

Other functions not described in this documentation might be executable in the control. This

does not, however, represent an obligation to supply such functions with a new control or

when servicing.

Further, for the sake of simplicity, this documentation does not contain all detailed information

about all types of the product and cannot cover every conceivable case of installation,

operation or maintenance.

Technical Support

You will find telephone numbers for other countries for technical support in the Internet under

http://www.siemens.com/automation/service&support

Preface

Job planning

Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0 5

Information on structure and contents

"Fundamentals" and "Advanced" Programming Manual

The description of the NC programming is divided into two manuals:

1. Fundamentals

This "Fundamentals" Programming Manual is intended for use by skilled machine

operators with the appropriate expertise in drilling, milling and turning operations. Simple

programming examples are used to explain the commands and statements which are also

defined according to DIN 66025.

2. Job planning

The Programming Manual "Advanced" is intended for use by technicians with in-depth,

comprehensive programming knowledge. By virtue of a special programming language,

the SINUMERIK control enables the user to program complex workpiece programs (e.g.

for free-form surfaces, channel coordination, ...) and makes programming of complicated

operations easy for technologists.

Availability of the described NC language elements

All NC language elements described in the manual are available for the SINUMERIK 840Dsl.

The availability regarding SINUMERIK828D can be found in table"Operations: Availability for

SINUMERIK 828D [Page 877]" of the "".

Preface

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6Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

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Programming Manual 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0 7

Table of contents

Preface.........................................................................................................................................................3

1 Flexible NC programming .........................................................................................................................17

1.1 Variables.................................................................................................................................... 17

1.1.1 General information about variables .......................................................................................... 17

1.1.2 System variables ....................................................................................................................... 18

1.1.3 Predefined user variables: Arithmetic parameters (R) ............................................................... 21

1.1.4 Predefined user variables: Link variables .................................................................................. 23

1.1.5 Definition of user variables (DEF) .............................................................................................. 25

1.1.6 Redefinition of system variables, user variables, and NC language commands (REDEF) ....... 31

1.1.7 Attribute: Initialization value ....................................................................................................... 34

1.1.8 Attribute: Limit values (LLI, ULI) ................................................................................................ 37

1.1.9 Attribute: Physical unit (PHU) .................................................................................................... 39

1.1.10 Attribute: Access rights (APR, APW, APRP, APWP, APRB, APWB) ........................................ 41

1.1.11 Overview of definable and redefinable attributes ...................................................................... 46

1.1.12 Definition and initialization of array variables (DEF, SET, REP) ............................................... 47

1.1.13 Definition and initialization of array variables (DEF, SET, REP): Further Information .............. 52

1.1.14 Data types ................................................................................................................................. 55

1.2 Indirect programming................................................................................................................. 56

1.2.1 Indirectly programming addresses ............................................................................................ 56

1.2.2 Indirectly programming G codes ................................................................................................ 59

1.2.3 Indirectly programming position attributes (BP) ......................................................................... 60

1.2.4 Indirectly programming part program lines (EXECSTRING) ..................................................... 63

1.3 Arithmetic functions ................................................................................................................... 64

1.4 Comparison and logic operations .............................................................................................. 67

1.5 Precision correction on comparison errors (TRUNC) ................................................................ 69

1.6 Variable minimum, maximum and range (MINVAL, MAXVAL and BOUND)............................. 71

1.7 Priority of the operations............................................................................................................ 73

1.8 Possible type conversions ......................................................................................................... 74

1.9 String operations ....................................................................................................................... 75

1.9.1 Type conversion to STRING (AXSTRING) ................................................................................ 76

1.9.2 Type conversion from STRING (NUMBER, ISNUMBER, AXNAME) ........................................ 77

1.9.3 Concatenation of strings (<<) .................................................................................................... 78

1.9.4 Conversion to lower/upper case letters (TOLOWER, TOUPPER) ............................................ 79

1.9.5 Determine length of string (STRLEN) ........................................................................................ 80

1.9.6 Search for character/string in the string (INDEX, RINDEX, MINDEX, MATCH) ........................ 81

1.9.7 Selection of a substring (SUBSTR) ........................................................................................... 82

1.9.8 Selection of a single character (STRINGVAR, STRINGFELD) ................................................. 83

1.9.9 Formatting a string (SPRINT) .................................................................................................... 84

1.10 Program jumps and branches ................................................................................................... 93

1.10.1 Return jump to the start of the program (GOTOS) .................................................................... 93

1.10.2 Program jumps to jump markers (GOTOB, GOTOF, GOTO, GOTOC) .................................... 94

1.10.3 Program branch (CASE ... OF ... DEFAULT ...) ........................................................................ 97

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1.11 Repeat program section (REPEAT, REPEATB, ENDLABEL, P)............................................... 99

1.12 Check structures...................................................................................................................... 106

1.12.1 Program loop with alternative (IF, ELSE, ENDIF) .................................................................... 107

1.12.2 Continuous program loop (LOOP, ENDLOOP) ....................................................................... 109

1.12.3 Count loop (FOR ... TO ..., ENDFOR) .....................................................................................110

1.12.4 Program loop with condition at start of loop (WHILE, ENDWHILE) ......................................... 112

1.12.5 Program loop with condition at the end of the loop (REPEAT, UNTIL) ................................... 113

1.12.6 Program example with nested check structures ...................................................................... 114

1.13 Program coordination (INIT, START, WAITM, WAITMC, WAITE, SETM, CLEARM) ............. 115

1.14 Interrupt routine (ASUB) .......................................................................................................... 120

1.14.1 Function of an interrupt routine ................................................................................................ 120

1.14.2 Creating an interrupt routine .................................................................................................... 121

1.14.3 Assign and start interrupt routine (SETINT, PRIO, BLSYNC) ................................................. 122

1.14.4 Deactivating/reactivating the assignment of an interrupt routine (DISABLE, ENABLE) .......... 124

1.14.5 Delete assignment of interrupt routine (CLRINT) .................................................................... 125

1.14.6 Fast retraction from the contour (SETINT LIFTFAST, ALF) .................................................... 126

1.14.7 Traversing direction for fast retraction from the contour .......................................................... 128

1.14.8 Motion sequence for interrupt routines .................................................................................... 131

1.15 Axis replacement, spindle replacement (RELEASE, GET, GETD).......................................... 132

1.16 Transfer axis to another channel (AXTOCHAN)...................................................................... 137

1.17 Activate machine data (NEWCONF) ....................................................................................... 139

1.18 Write file (WRITE).................................................................................................................... 140

1.19 Delete file (DELETE) ............................................................................................................... 146

1.20 Read lines in the file (READ)................................................................................................... 148

1.21 Check for presence of file (ISFILE).......................................................................................... 152

1.22 Read out file information (FILEDATE, FILETIME, FILESIZE, FILESTAT, FILEINFO) ............ 154

1.23 Checksum calculation using an array (CHECKSUM).............................................................. 158

1.24 Roundup (ROUNDUP)............................................................................................................. 160

1.25 Subprogram technique ............................................................................................................ 161

1.25.1 General information ................................................................................................................. 161

1.25.1.1 Subprogram ............................................................................................................................. 161

1.25.1.2 Subprogram names ................................................................................................................. 162

1.25.1.3 Nesting of subprograms ........................................................................................................... 163

1.25.1.4 Search path ............................................................................................................................. 164

1.25.1.5 Formal and actual parameters ................................................................................................. 165

1.25.1.6 Parameter transfer ................................................................................................................... 166

1.25.2 Definition of a subprogram ....................................................................................................... 168

1.25.2.1 Subprogram without parameter transfer .................................................................................. 168

1.25.2.2 Subprogram with call-by-value parameter transfer (PROC) .................................................... 169

1.25.2.3 Subprogram with call-by-reference parameter transfer (PROC, VAR) .................................... 170

1.25.2.4 Save modal G functions (SAVE) .............................................................................................. 172

1.25.2.5 Suppress single block execution (SBLOF, SBLON) ................................................................ 173

1.25.2.6 Suppress current block display (DISPLOF, DISPLON, ACTBLOCNO) ................................... 179

1.25.2.7 Identifying subprograms with preparation (PREPRO) ............................................................. 183

1.25.2.8 Subprogram return M17 ........................................................................................................... 184

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1.25.2.9 RET subprogram return ........................................................................................................... 185

1.25.2.10Parameterizable subprogram return jump (RET ...) ................................................................ 186

1.25.3 Subprogram call ...................................................................................................................... 193

1.25.3.1 Subprogram call without parameter transfer ........................................................................... 193

1.25.3.2 Subprogram call with parameter transfer (EXTERN) .............................................................. 195

1.25.3.3 Number of program repetitions (P) .......................................................................................... 197

1.25.3.4 Modal subprogram call (MCALL) ............................................................................................. 199

1.25.3.5 Indirect subprogram call (CALL) .............................................................................................. 201

1.25.3.6 Indirect subprogram call with specification of the calling program part

(CALL BLOCK ... TO ...) .......................................................................................................... 202

1.25.3.7 Indirect call of a program programmed in ISO language (ISOCALL) ...................................... 203

1.25.3.8 Calling subroutine with path specification and parameters (PCALL) ....................................... 205

1.25.3.9 Extend search path for subprogram calls (CALLPATH) .......................................................... 206

1.25.3.10Execute external subroutine (EXTCALL) ................................................................................. 208

1.25.4 Cycles ...................................................................................................................................... 212

1.25.4.1 Parameterizing user cycles ..................................................................................................... 212

1.26 Macro technique (DEFINE ... AS)............................................................................................ 216

2 File and Program Management ...............................................................................................................219

2.1 Program memory..................................................................................................................... 219

2.2 Working memory (CHANDATA, COMPLETE, INITIAL) .......................................................... 224

2.3 Structuring instruction in step editor (SEFORM) ..................................................................... 227

3 Protection zones .....................................................................................................................................229

3.1 Definition of the protection zones (CPROTDEF, NPROTDEF) ............................................... 229

3.2 Activating/deactivating protection zones (CPROT, NPROT)................................................... 233

3.3 Checking for protection zone violation, working area limitation and software limits

(CALCPOSI) ............................................................................................................................ 237

4 Special Motion Commands .....................................................................................................................245

4.1 Approaching coded positions (CAC, CIC, CDC, CACP, CACN) ............................................. 245

4.2 Spline interpolation (ASPLINE, BSPLINE, CSPLINE, BAUTO, BNAT, BTAN, EAUTO, ENAT,

ETAN, PW, SD, PL)................................................................................................................. 246

4.3 Spline grouping (SPLINEPATH).............................................................................................. 257

4.4 NC block compression (COMPON, COMPCURV, COMPCAD, COMPOF)............................ 259

4.5 Polynomial interpolation (POLY, POLYPATH, PO, PL)........................................................... 262

4.6 Settable path reference (SPATH, UPATH).............................................................................. 268

4.7 Measurements with touch trigger probe (MEAS, MEAW) ....................................................... 271

4.8 Extended measuring function (MEASA, MEAWA, MEAC) (option)......................................... 274

4.9 Special functions for OEM users (OMA1 ... OMA5, OEMIPO1, OEMIPO2, G810 ... G829) ... 283

4.10 Feed reduction with corner deceleration (FENDNORM, G62, G621)...................................... 284

4.11 Programmed end-of-motion criterion (FINEA, COARSEA, IPOENDA, IPOBRKA,

ADISPOSA) ............................................................................................................................. 285

4.12 Programmable servo parameter set (SCPARA)...................................................................... 288

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5 Coordinate transformation (FRAMES) ....................................................................................................289

5.1 Coordinate transformation via frame variables........................................................................ 289

5.1.1 Predefined frame variable ($P_BFRAME, $P_IFRAME, $P_PFRAME, $P_ACTFRAME) ...... 291

5.2 Frame variables / assigning values to frames ......................................................................... 297

5.2.1 Assigning direct values (axis value, angle, scale) ................................................................... 297

5.2.2 Reading and changing frame components (TR, FI, RT, SC, MI) ............................................. 300

5.2.3 Linking complete frames .......................................................................................................... 301

5.2.4 Defining new frames (DEF FRAME) ........................................................................................ 303

5.3 Coarse and fine offsets (CFINE, CTRANS)............................................................................. 304

5.4 External zero offset.................................................................................................................. 306

5.5 Preset offset (PRESETON) ..................................................................................................... 307

5.6 Frame calculation from three measuring points in space (MEAFRAME) ................................ 309

5.7 NCU global frames ................................................................................................................. 313

5.7.1 Channel-specific frames ($P_CHBFR, $P_UBFR) .................................................................. 314

5.7.2 Frames active in the channel ................................................................................................... 315

6 Transformations ......................................................................................................................................321

6.1 General programming of transformation types ........................................................................ 321

6.1.1 Orientation movements for transformations ............................................................................. 324

6.1.2 Overview of orientation transformation TRAORI ..................................................................... 327

6.2 Three, four and five axis transformation (TRAORI) ................................................................. 329

6.2.1 General relationships of universal tool head ............................................................................ 329

6.2.2 Three, four and five axis transformation (TRAORI) ................................................................. 332

6.2.3 Variants of orientation programming and initial setting (ORIRESET) ...................................... 334

6.2.4 Programming of the tool orientation (A..., B..., C..., LEAD, TILT) ............................................ 335

6.2.5 Face milling (3D-milling A4, B4, C4, A5, B5, C5) .................................................................... 342

6.2.6 Orientation axis reference (ORIWKS, ORIMKS) ..................................................................... 344

6.2.7 Programming orientation axes (ORIAXES, ORIVECT, ORIEULER, ORIRPY, ORIRPY2,

ORIVIRT1, ORIVIRT2) ............................................................................................................ 346

6.2.8 Orientation programming along the peripheral surface of a taper (ORIPLANE, ORICONCW,

ORICONCCW, ORICONTO, ORICONIO) ............................................................................... 348

6.2.9 Specification of orientation for two contact points (ORICURVE, PO[XH]=, PO[YH]=,

PO[ZH]=) ................................................................................................................................. 352

6.3 Orientation polynomials (PO[angle], PO[coordinate]).............................................................. 354

6.4 Rotations of the tool orientation (ORIROTA, ORIROTR, ORIROTT, ORIROTC, THETA) ...... 356

6.5 Orientations relative to the path............................................................................................... 359

6.5.1 Orientation types relative to the path ....................................................................................... 359

6.5.2 Rotation of the tool orientation relative to the path (ORIPATH, ORIPATHS,

angle of rotation) ...................................................................................................................... 361

6.5.3 Interpolation of the tool rotation relative to the path (ORIROTC, THETA) ............................... 362

6.5.4 Smoothing of orientation characteristic (ORIPATHS A8=, B8=, C8=) ..................................... 364

6.6 Compression of the orientation (COMPON, COMPCURV, COMPCAD)................................. 366

6.7 Smoothing the orientation characteristic (ORISON, ORISOF) ................................................ 369

6.8 Kinematic transformation......................................................................................................... 371

6.8.1 Milling on turned parts (TRANSMIT) ........................................................................................ 371

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6.8.2 Cylinder surface transformation (TRACYL) ............................................................................. 375

6.8.3 Inclined axis (TRAANG) .......................................................................................................... 383

6.8.4 Inclined axis programming (G05, G07) .................................................................................... 386

6.9 Cartesian PTP travel ............................................................................................................... 388

6.9.1 PTP for TRANSMIT ................................................................................................................. 393

6.10 Constraints when selecting a transformation........................................................................... 397

6.11 Deselect transformation (TRAFOOF) ...................................................................................... 398

6.12 Chained transformations (TRACON, TRAFOOF).................................................................... 399

7 Tool offsets .............................................................................................................................................401

7.1 Offset memory ......................................................................................................................... 401

7.2 Additive offsets ........................................................................................................................ 404

7.2.1 Selecting additive offsets (DL) ................................................................................................. 404

7.2.2 Specify wear and setup values ($TC_SCPxy[t,d], $TC_ECPxy[t,d]) ....................................... 406

7.2.3 Delete additive offsets (DELDL) .............................................................................................. 407

7.3 Special handling of tool offsets................................................................................................ 408

7.3.1 Mirroring of tool lengths ........................................................................................................... 410

7.3.2 Wear sign evaluation ............................................................................................................... 411

7.3.3 Coordinate system of the active machining operation (TOWSTD, TOWMCS, TOWWCS,

TOWBCS, TOWTCS, TOWKCS) ............................................................................................ 412

7.3.4 Tool length and plane change ................................................................................................. 415

7.4 Online tool offset (PUTFTOCF, FCTDEF, PUTFTOC, FTOCON, FTOCOF).......................... 416

7.5 Activate 3D tool offsets (CUT3DC..., CUT3DF...).................................................................... 421

7.5.1 Activating 3D tool offsets (CUT3DC, CUT3DF, CUT3DFS, CUT3DFF, ISD) .......................... 421

7.5.2 3D tool offset peripheral milling, face milling ........................................................................... 423

7.5.3 3D tool offset Tool shapes and tool data for face milling ......................................................... 425

7.5.4 3D tool offset Compensation on the path, path curvature, insertion depth (CUT3DC, ISD) .... 426

7.5.5 3D tool offset Inside/outside corners and intersection procedure (G450/G451) ...................... 429

7.5.6 3D tool offset 3D circumferential milling with limitation surfaces ............................................. 430

7.5.7 3D tool offset Taking into consideration a limitation surface (CUT3DCC, CUT3DCCD) ......... 431

7.6 Tool orientation (ORIC, ORID, OSOF, OSC, OSS, OSSE, ORIS, OSD, OST)....................... 435

7.7 Free assignment of D numbers, cutting edge numbers........................................................... 441

7.7.1 Free assignment of D numbers, cutting edge numbers (CE address) .................................... 441

7.7.2 Free assignment of D numbers: Checking D numbers (CHKDNO) ......................................... 441

7.7.3 Free assignment of D numbers: Rename D numbers (GETDNO, SETDNO) ......................... 442

7.7.4 Free assignment of D numbers: Determine T number to the specified D number

(GETACTTD) ........................................................................................................................... 443

7.7.5 Free assignment of D numbers: Invalidate D numbers (DZERO) ........................................... 444

7.8 Tool holder kinematics............................................................................................................. 445

7.9 Tool length compensation for orientable toolholders (TCARR, TCOABS, TCOFR, TCOFRX,

TCOFRY, TCOFRZ) ................................................................................................................ 451

7.10 Online tool length compensation (TOFFON, TOFFOF)........................................................... 454

7.11 Cutting data modification for tools that can be rotated (CUTMOD) ......................................... 457

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8 Path traversing behavior .........................................................................................................................463

8.1 Tangential control (TANG, TANGON, TANGOF, TLIFT, TANGDEL)...................................... 463

8.2 Feedrate response (FNORM, FLIN, FCUB, FPO)................................................................... 470

8.3 Program sequence with preprocessing memory (STOPFIFO, STARTFIFO, FIFOCTRL,

STOPRE)................................................................................................................................. 475

8.4 Conditionally interruptible program sections (DELAYFSTON, DELAYFSTOF)....................... 478

8.5 Preventing program position for SERUPRO (IPTRLOCK, IPTRUNLOCK) ............................. 483

8.6 Repositioning to a contour (REPOSA, REPOSL, REPOSQ, REPOSQA, REPOSH,

REPOSHA, DISR, DISPR, RMI, RMB, RME, RMN)................................................................ 486

8.7 Influencing the motion control.................................................................................................. 495

8.7.1 Percentage jerk correction (JERKLIM) .................................................................................... 495

8.7.2 Percentage velocity correction (VELOLIM) .............................................................................. 496

8.7.3 Program example for JERKLIM and VELOLIM ....................................................................... 499

8.8 Programmable contour/orientation tolerance (CTOL, OTOL, ATOL) ...................................... 500

8.9 Tolerance for G0 motion (STOLF)........................................................................................... 504

9 Axis couplings .........................................................................................................................................507

9.1 Coupled motion (TRAILON, TRAILOF) ................................................................................... 507

9.2 Curve tables (CTAB)................................................................................................................ 511

9.2.1 Define curve tables (CTABDEF, CATBEND) ........................................................................... 512

9.2.2 Check for presence of curve table (CTABEXISTS) ................................................................. 518

9.2.3 Delete curve tables (CTABDEL) .............................................................................................. 519

9.2.4 Locking curve tables to prevent deletion and overwriting (CTABLOCK, CTABUNLOCK) ....... 520

9.2.5 Curve tables: Determine table properties (CTABID, CTABISLOCK, CTABMEMTYP,

CTABPERIOD) ........................................................................................................................ 521

9.2.6 Read curve table values (CTABTSV, CTABTEV, CTABTSP, CTABTEP, CTABSSV, CTABSEV,

CTAB, CTABINV, CTABTMIN, CTABTMAX) .......................................................................... 523

9.2.7 Curve tables: Check use of resources (CTABNO, CTABNOMEM, CTABFNO, CTABSEGID,

CTABSEG, CTABFSEG, CTABMSEG, CTABPOLID, CTABPOL, CTABFPOL, CTABMPOL) 528

9.3 Axial leading value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF).................................................................. 530

9.4 Electronic gear (EG) ................................................................................................................ 536

9.4.1 Defining an electronic gear (EGDEF) ......................................................................................536

9.4.2 Switch-in the electronic gearbox (EGON, EGONSYN, EGONSYNE) ..................................... 538

9.4.3 Switching-in the electronic gearbox (EGOFS, EGOFC) .......................................................... 541

9.4.4 Deleting the definition of an electronic gear (EGDEL) ............................................................. 542

9.4.5 Rotational feedrate (G95) / electronic gear (FPR) ................................................................... 542

9.5 Synchronous spindle ............................................................................................................... 543

9.5.1 Synchronous spindle: Programming (COUPDEF, COUPDEL, COUPON, COUPONC,

COUPOF, COUPOFS, COUPRES, WAITC) ........................................................................... 544

9.6 Master/slave group (MASLDEF, MASLDEL, MASLON, MASLOF, MASLOFS)...................... 555

10 Motion synchronous actions ....................................................................................................................559

10.1 Basics ...................................................................................................................................... 559

10.1.1 Area of validity and machining sequence (ID, IDS) ................................................................. 561

10.1.2 Cyclically checking the condition (WHEN, WHENEVER, FROM, EVERY) ............................. 563

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10.1.3 Actions (DO) ............................................................................................................................ 565

10.2 Operators for conditions and actions....................................................................................... 566

10.3 Main run variables for synchronized actions ........................................................................... 568

10.3.1 System variables ..................................................................................................................... 568

10.3.2 Implicit type conversion ........................................................................................................... 570

10.3.3 GUD variables ......................................................................................................................... 571

10.3.4 Default axis identifier (NO_AXIS) ............................................................................................ 573

10.3.5 Synchronized action marker ($AC_MARKER[n]) .................................................................... 574

10.3.6 Synchronized action parameters ($AC_PARAM[n]) ................................................................ 575

10.3.7 Arithmetic parameter ($R[n]) ................................................................................................... 575

10.3.8 Read and write NC machine and NC setting data ................................................................... 576

10.3.9 Timer variable ($AC_Timer[n]) ................................................................................................ 578

10.3.10 FIFO variables ($AC_FIFO1[n] ... $AC_FIFO10[n]) ................................................................. 579

10.3.11 Information about block types in the interpolator ($AC_BLOCKTYPE,

$AC_BLOCKTYPEINFO, $AC_SPLITBLOCK) ....................................................................... 581

10.4 Actions in synchronized actions .............................................................................................. 584

10.4.1 Overview of possible actions in synchronized actions ............................................................. 584

10.4.2 Output of auxiliary functions .................................................................................................... 586

10.4.3 Set read-in disable (RDISABLE) ............................................................................................. 587

10.4.4 Cancel preprocessing stop (STOPREOF) ............................................................................... 588

10.4.5 Delete distance-to-go (DELDTG) ............................................................................................ 589

10.4.6 Polynomial definition (FCTDEF) .............................................................................................. 591

10.4.7 Synchronized function (SYNFCT) ........................................................................................... 594

10.4.8 Closed-loop clearance control with limited correction ($AA_OFF_MODE) .............................. 597

10.4.9 Online tool offset (FTOC) ........................................................................................................ 600

10.4.10 Online tool length compensation ($AA_TOFF) ........................................................................ 603

10.4.11 Positioning movements ........................................................................................................... 605

10.4.12 Position axis (POS) ................................................................................................................. 606

10.4.13 Position in specified reference range (POSRANGE) ............................................................... 608

10.4.14 Start/stop axis (MOV) .............................................................................................................. 609

10.4.15 Axis replacement (RELEASE, GET) ........................................................................................610

10.4.16 Axial feed (FA) ......................................................................................................................... 614

10.4.17 Software limit switch ................................................................................................................ 614

10.4.18 Axis coordination ..................................................................................................................... 615

10.4.19 Set actual values (PRESETON) .............................................................................................. 616

10.4.20 Withdrawing the enable for the axis container rotation (AXCTSWEC) .................................... 617

10.4.21 Spindle motions ....................................................................................................................... 620

10.4.22 Coupled motion (TRAILON, TRAILOF) ................................................................................... 621

10.4.23 Leading value coupling (LEADON, LEADOF) ......................................................................... 623

10.4.24 Measuring (MEAWA, MEAC) .................................................................................................. 626

10.4.25 Initialization of array variables (SET, REP) ............................................................................. 627

10.4.26 Set/delete wait markers (SETM, CLEARM) ............................................................................. 628

10.4.27 Fault responses (SETAL) ........................................................................................................ 629

10.4.28 Travel to fixed stop (FXS, FXST, FXSW, FOCON, FOCOF) ................................................... 630

10.4.29 Determining the path tangent in synchronized actions ............................................................ 632

10.4.30 Determining the current override ............................................................................................. 633

10.4.31 Time use evaluation of synchronized actions .......................................................................... 634

10.5 Technology cycles ................................................................................................................... 636

10.5.1 Context variable ($P_TECCYCLE) ..........................................................................................639

10.5.2 Call-by-value parameters ........................................................................................................ 640

Table of contents

Job planning

Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

10.5.3 Default parameter initialization ................................................................................................ 640

10.5.4 Control processing of technology cycles (ICYCOF, ICYCON) ................................................ 641

10.5.5 Cascading technology cycles .................................................................................................. 642

10.5.6 Technology cycles in non-modal synchronized actions ........................................................... 642

10.5.7 Check structures (IF) ............................................................................................................... 643

10.5.8 Jump instructions (GOTO, GOTOF, GOTOB) ......................................................................... 643

10.5.9 Lock, unlock, reset (LOCK, UNLOCK, RESET) ....................................................................... 644

10.6 Delete synchronized action (CANCEL).................................................................................... 646

10.7 Control behavior in specific operating states........................................................................... 647

11 Oscillation ................................................................................................................................................651

11.1 Asynchronous oscillation (OS, OSP1, OSP2, OST1, OST2, OSCTRL, OSNSC, OSE, OSB) 651

11.2 Oscillation controlled by synchronized actions (OSCILL)........................................................ 657

12 Punching and nibbling .............................................................................................................................665

12.1 Activation, deactivation............................................................................................................ 665

12.1.1 Punching and nibbling on or off (SPOF, SON, PON, SONS, PONS, PDELAYON,

PDELAYOF, PUNCHACC) ...................................................................................................... 665

12.2 Automatic path segmentation .................................................................................................. 670

12.2.1 Path segmentation for path axes ............................................................................................. 673

12.2.2 Path segmentation for single axes ........................................................................................... 675

13 Grinding ...................................................................................................................................................677

13.1 Grinding-specific tool monitoring in the part program (TMON, TMOF).................................... 677

14 Additional functions .................................................................................................................................679

14.1 Axis functions (AXNAME, AX, SPI, AXTOSPI, ISAXIS, AXSTRING, MODAXVAL)................ 679

14.2 Replaceable geometry axes (GEOAX).................................................................................... 682

14.3 Axis container (AXCTSWE, AXCTSWED, AXCTSWEC) ........................................................ 687

14.4 Wait for valid axis position (WAITENC) ................................................................................... 693

14.5 Check scope of NC language present (STRINGIS)................................................................. 695

14.6 Function call ISVAR and read machine data array index ........................................................ 699

14.7 Learn compensation characteristics (QECLRNON, QECLRNOF) .......................................... 701

14.8 Interactively call the window from the part program (MMC) .................................................... 703

14.9 Program runtime/part counter.................................................................................................. 704

14.9.1 Program runtime/part counter (overview) ................................................................................ 704

14.9.2 Program runtime ...................................................................................................................... 705

14.9.3 Workpiece counter ................................................................................................................... 709

14.10 Output to an external device/file (EXTOPEN, WRITE, EXTCLOSE)....................................... 710

14.11 Alarms (SETAL)....................................................................................................................... 719

14.12 Drive-integrated extended stop and retract (ESR)................................................................... 721

14.12.1 Configuring drive-integrated stopping (ESRS) ......................................................................... 721

14.12.2 Configuring drive-integrated retraction (ESRS) ....................................................................... 722

Job planning

Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0 15

Table of contents

15 User stock removal programs .................................................................................................................725

15.1 Supporting functions for stock removal ................................................................................... 725

15.2 Generate contour table (CONTPRON).................................................................................... 726

15.3 Generate coded contour table (CONTDCON)......................................................................... 732

15.4 Determine point of intersection between two contour elements (INTERSEC) ........................ 736

15.5 Execute the contour elements of a table block-by-block (EXECTAB) ..................................... 738

15.6 Calculate circle data (CALCDAT) ............................................................................................ 739

15.7 Deactivate contour preparation (EXECUTE) ........................................................................... 741

16 Programming cycles externally ...............................................................................................................743

16.1 Technology cycles ................................................................................................................... 743

16.1.1 Introduction .............................................................................................................................. 743

16.1.2 Drilling, centering - CYCLE81 .................................................................................................. 745

16.1.3 Drilling, counterboring - CYCLE82 .......................................................................................... 746

16.1.4 Reaming - CYCLE85 ............................................................................................................... 747

16.1.5 Deep-hole drilling - CYCLE83 ................................................................................................. 748

16.1.6 Boring - CYCLE86 ................................................................................................................... 750

16.1.7 Tapping without compensating chuck - CYCLE84 .................................................................. 751

16.1.8 Tapping with compensating chuck - CYCLE840 ..................................................................... 754

16.1.9 Thread milling - CYCLE78 ....................................................................................................... 756

16.1.10 Freely programmable positions - CYCLE802 .......................................................................... 758

16.1.11 Row of holes - HOLES1 .......................................................................................................... 760

16.1.12 Grid or frame - CYCLE801 ...................................................................................................... 761

16.1.13 Circle of holes - HOLES2 ........................................................................................................ 762

16.1.14 Face milling - CYCLE61 .......................................................................................................... 763

16.1.15 Milling a rectangular pocket - POCKET3 .................................................................................765

16.1.16 Milling a circular pocket - POCKET4 ....................................................................................... 768

16.1.17 Rectangular spigot milling - CYCLE76 .................................................................................... 770

16.1.18 Circular spigot milling - CYCLE77 ........................................................................................... 772

16.1.19 Multiple-edge - CYCLE79 ........................................................................................................ 774

16.1.20 Longitudinal slot - SLOT1 ........................................................................................................ 776

16.1.21 Circumferential slot - SLOT2 ................................................................................................... 779

16.1.22 Mill open slot - CYCLE899 ...................................................................................................... 781

16.1.23 Elongated hole - LONGHOLE ................................................................................................. 783

16.1.24 Thread milling - CYCLE70 ....................................................................................................... 785

16.1.25 Engraving cycle - CYCLE60 .................................................................................................... 787

16.1.26 Contour call - CYCLE62 .......................................................................................................... 790

16.1.27 Path milling - CYCLE72 ........................................................................................................... 791

16.1.28 Predrilling a contour pocket - CYCLE64 .................................................................................. 794

16.1.29 Milling a contour pocket - CYCLE63 ........................................................................................ 796

16.1.30 Stock removal - CYCLE951 ..................................................................................................... 798

16.1.31 Groove - CYCLE930 ................................................................................................................ 801

16.1.32 Undercut forms - CYCLE940 ................................................................................................... 804

16.1.33 Thread turning - CYCLE99 ...................................................................................................... 807

16.1.34 Thread chain - CYCLE98 ........................................................................................................ 810

16.1.35 Cut-off - CYCLE92 ................................................................................................................... 813

16.1.36 Contour grooving - CYCLE952 ................................................................................................ 815

16.1.37 Swiveling - CYCLE800 ............................................................................................................ 819

16.1.38 High Speed Settings - CYCLE832 ........................................................................................... 822

Job planning

Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

16.1.39 High speed cutting (HSC) - CYCLE_HSC ............................................................................... 823

17 Tables .....................................................................................................................................................825

17.1 Operations ............................................................................................................................... 825

17.2 Operations: Availability for SINUMERIK 828D ........................................................................ 877

17.3 Currently set language in the HMI ........................................................................................... 899

A Appendix .................................................................................................................................................901

A.1 List of abbreviations................................................................................................................. 901

A.2 Overview.................................................................................................................................. 906

Glossary...................................................................................................................................................909

Job planning

Programming Manual 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0 17

Flexible NC programming

1.1 Variables

1.1.1 General information about variables

The use of variables, especially in conjunction with arithmetic functions and check structures,

enables part programs and cycles to be set up with extremely high levels of flexibility. For this

purpose the system makes three different types of variable available.

• System variables

System variables are variables with a fixed predefined meaning; they are defined in the

system and made available to the user. They are also read and written by the system

software. Example: Machine data

The meaning of a system variable is, to a large extent, predefined by the system and its

properties are fixed. However, minor modifications can be made to the properties by the

user in the form of redefinition. See "Redefinition of system variables, user variables, and

NC language commands (REDEF) [Page 31]".

• User variables

User variables are variables whose meaning is not known to the system; they are not

evaluated by the system. The meaning is defined exclusively by the user.

User variables are subdivided into:

- Predefined user variables

Predefined user variables are variables which have already been defined in the system

and whose number simply has to be parameterized by the user via specific machine

data. The user can make significant changes to the properties of these variables. See

"Redefinition of system variables, user variables, and NC language commands

(REDEF) [Page 31]".

- User-defined variables

User-defined variables are variables which are defined exclusively by the user and are

not created by the system until runtime. Their number, data type, visibility, and all other

properties are defined exclusively by the user.

See "Definition of user variables (DEF) [Page 25]".

Flexible NC programming

1.1 Variables

Job planning

18 Programming Manual, 02/2011, 6FC5398-2BP40-1BA0

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