Synrad Firestar i401 Series User manual

i401
operator’s
manual
4600 Campus Place
Mukilteo, WA 98275
1.800.SYNRAD1
tel [phone]
fax [phone]
e-mail [email protected]
web www.synrad.com
®

Firestar
®
i401
Operator’s Manual
Version 1.0
Released December 2011
Part number 900-20150-01
4600 Campus Place
Mukilteo, WA 98275
1.800.SYNRAD1
tel [phone]
fax [phone]
e-mail [email protected]
web www.synrad.com
®

table of contents
iii
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Getting Started 1
Laser Safety
Hazard information....................................................................................1
Terms..........................................................................................................................1
General hazards .........................................................................................................1
Firestar i401 label locations.......................................................................4
Agency compliance ...................................................................................5
Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) requirements.......................5
Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements ...................................6
European Union (EU) requirements.........................................................................6
Firestar i401 Declaration of Conformity ...................................................10
Introduction...............................................................................................1-2
Firestar nomenclature................................................................................................1-2
Unpacking..................................................................................................1-3
Incoming inspection..................................................................................................1-3
Packaging guidelines..................................................................................................1-3
Unpacking the i401 laser...........................................................................................1-4
Removing the lifting handles ....................................................................................1-5
Inventory....................................................................................................1-6
i401 contents description ..........................................................................................1-7
Mounting ...................................................................................................1-8
Top down mounting ..................................................................................................1-8
Bottom up mounting .................................................................................................1-9
Connecting ................................................................................................1-11
Cooling connections .................................................................................................1-11
48 V power supply connections.................................................................................1-15
Control connections..................................................................................................1-19
Other connections.....................................................................................................1-20
Operation 2
Controls and indicators .............................................................................2-2
Initial start-up ............................................................................................2-4
With a UC-2000 Controller......................................................................................2-5
Without a UC-2000 Controller ................................................................................2-7
Technical Reference 3
Technical overview....................................................................................3-2
Laser design................................................................................................................3-2
RF power supply.........................................................................................................3-4
Optical setup..............................................................................................................3-4
Controlling laser power .............................................................................3-6

table of contents
iv Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Maintenance/Troubleshooting 4
Control signals...........................................................................................................3-6
Operating modes........................................................................................................3-8
User I/O connections.................................................................................3-10
User I/O connection summary ..................................................................................3-11
Input/output signals...................................................................................................3-13
Sample I/O circuits....................................................................................................3-19
DC Power Cables.......................................................................................3-23
Firestar i401 web interface.........................................................................3-24
Web page layout ........................................................................................................3-24
Accessing the i401 web page.....................................................................................3-26
Changing the i401’s IP address..................................................................................3-27
Alternate Ethernet connection.................................................................................3-27
Integrating Firestar safety features ............................................................3-28
Keyswitch functions...................................................................................................3-28
Shutter functions.......................................................................................................3-28
Remote interlock functions.......................................................................................3-29
Firestar i401 general specifications ............................................................3-30
Firestar i401 package outline & mounting drawings.................................3-32
Firestar i401 packaging instructions ..........................................................3-34
Maintenance..............................................................................................4-2
Disabling Firestar.......................................................................................................4-2
Daily inspections .......................................................................................................4-2
Storage/shipping ........................................................................................................4-3
Cleaning optical components....................................................................................4-3
Troubleshooting .........................................................................................4-6
Introduction...............................................................................................................4-6
Operational flowchart................................................................................................4-7
Functional block diagram..........................................................................................4-8
Status LEDs................................................................................................................4-9
Laser fault indications................................................................................................4-12
Resetting faults ..........................................................................................................4-13
General laser fault conditions ...................................................................................4-15
Web interface.............................................................................................................4-18
Beam delivery optics..................................................................................................4-20
Index
Technical Reference (cont.)

table of contents
v
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
List of Figures
Figure 1 Firestar i401 hazard label and CE label locations..................4
Figure 2 European compliance mark ...................................................9
Figure 1-1 Unpacking the i401 laser.......................................................1-4
Figure 1-2 Removing the i401 lifting handles ........................................1-5
Figure 1-3 Firestar i401 shipping box contents.......................................1-6
Figure 1-4 Firestar i401 top down mounting locations...........................1-8
Figure 1-5 Firestar i401 bottom up mounting locations .........................1-9
Figure 1-6 Firestar i401 cooling connections..........................................1-14
Figure 1-7 PS-401 voltage selection access panel...................................1-15
Figure 1-8 PS-401 input section..............................................................1-16
Figure 1-9 DC power connection locations – rear view .........................1-17
Figure 1-10 DC power connection locations – side view .........................1-18
Figure 1-11 Gas purge kit assembly...........................................................1-21
Figure 1-12 Firestar i401 web page............................................................1-24
Figure 2-1 Firestar i401 front panel controls and indicators ..................2-2
Figure 2-2 Firestar i401 rear panel controls and indicators ....................2-3
Figure 3-1 Hybrid waveguide/unstable resonator design ........................3-2
Figure 3-2 Firestar i401 beam ellipticity .................................................3-3
Figure 3-3 Converting 45° linear polarization to circular polarization ..3-4
Figure 3-4 PWM Command signal waveform.........................................3-7
Figure 3-5 User I/O connector pinouts...................................................3-10
Figure 3-6 Auxiliary DC power diagram.................................................3-13
Figure 3-7 Quick Start Plug wiring diagram ...........................................3-15
Figure 3-8 Input equivalent schematic ...................................................3-16
Figure 3-9 Output equivalent schematic ................................................3-18
Figure 3-10 Customer-supplied interlock..................................................3-19
Figure 3-11 Customer-supplied interlock, negative voltage .....................3-19
Figure 3-12 PLC driven interlock signal...................................................3-20
Figure 3-13 Multiple PLC driven inputs...................................................3-20
Figure 3-14 Firestar output driving warning lamp ....................................3-21
Figure 3-15 Firestar output driving relay...................................................3-21
Figure 3-16 Firestar output driving PLC input module ............................3-22
Figure 3-17 Firestar i401 Internet interface page......................................3-24
Figure 3-18 Firestar i401 Change IP Address page...................................3-27
Figure 3-19 Firestar i401 outline & mounting dimensions.......................3-32

table of contents
vi Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
List of Figures (cont.)
Figure 3-20 Firestar i401 outline & mounting dimensions
(mounting feet removed).......................................................3-33
Figure 3-21 Firestar i401 packaging instructions ......................................3-34
Figure 4-1 Firestar i401 operational flowchart........................................4-7
Figure 4-2 Firestar i401 functional block diagram..................................4-8
Figure 4-3 Enable Java script in browser.................................................4-19
Figure 4-4 Add IP addresses to list of authorized/trusted websites .........4-19

table of contents
vii
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
List of Tables
Table 1 Class 4 safety features.............................................................8
Table 2 European Union Directives ...................................................9
Table 1-1 Firestar i401 ship kit contents ...............................................1-6
Table 1-2 Dew point temperatures.........................................................1-13
Table 1-3 AC three-phase electrical recommendations........................1-16
Table 1-4 Purge gas specifications..........................................................1-22
Table 3-1 Assist gas purity specifications...............................................3-5
Table 3-2 PWM Command signal specifications...................................3-8
Table 3-3 User I/O pin descriptions.......................................................3-11
Table 3-4 Input circuit specifications.....................................................3-16
Table 3-5 Output circuit specifications..................................................3-18
Table 3-6 Firestar i401 general specifications ........................................3-30
Table 4-1 Required cleaning materials ..................................................4-4
Table 4-2 Status signals..........................................................................4-9
Table 4-3 Effect of Remote Interlock input on operating parameters...4-10
Table 4-4 Normal operating condition..................................................4-10
Table 4-5 Quick Start Plug or interlock/shutter inputs not
connected...............................................................................4-11
Table 4-6 Interlock Open condition......................................................4-11
Table 4-7 Over Temperature fault..........................................................4-11
Table 4-8 Shutter Open condition ........................................................4-12
Table 4-9 No-Strike condition...............................................................4-12
Table 4-10 Laser fault codes.....................................................................4-13

viii Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Trademark/copyright information
SYNRAD and Firestar are registered trademarks of SYNRAD, Inc.
All other trademarks or registered trademarks are the property of their respective owners.
© 2011 by SYNRAD, Inc.
All rights reserved.

ix
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Warranty information
This is to certify that Firestar®i401 lasers are guaranteed by SYNRAD, Inc. to be free of all defects in
materials and workmanship for a period of one year from the date of purchase. This warranty does not ap-
ply to any defect caused by negligence, misuse (including environmental factors), accident, alteration, or
improper maintenance. We request that you examine each shipment within 10 days of receipt and inform
SYNRAD, Inc. of any shortage or damage. If no discrepancies are reported, SYNRAD shall assume the
shipment was delivered complete and defect-free.
If, within one year from the date of purchase, any part of the Firestar i401 laser should fail to oper-
ate, contact the SYNRAD Customer Service department at 1.800.SYNRAD1 (outside the U.S. call
1.425.349.3500) and report the problem. When calling for support, please be prepared to provide the date
of purchase, model number and serial number of the unit, and a brief description of the problem. When
returning a unit for service, a Return Authorization (RA) number is required; this number must be clearly
marked on the outside of the shipping container in order for the unit to be properly processed. If replace-
ment parts are sent to you, then you are required to send the failed parts back to SYNRAD for evaluation
unless otherwise instructed.
If your Firestar i401 laser fails within the first 45 days after purchase, SYNRAD, Inc. will pay all shipping
charges to and from SYNRAD when shipped as specified by SYNRAD Customer Service. After the first 45
days, SYNRAD will continue to pay for the costs of shipping the repaired unit or replacement parts back
to the customer from SYNRAD. The customer, however, will be responsible for shipping charges incurred
when sending the failed unit or parts back to SYNRAD or a SYNRAD Authorized Distributor. In order to
maintain your product warranty and to ensure the safe and efficient operation of your Firestar i401 laser,
only authorized SYNRAD replacement parts can be used. This warranty is void if any parts other than
those provided by SYNRAD, Inc. are used.
SYNRAD, Inc. and SYNRAD Authorized Distributors have the sole authority to make warranty state-
ments regarding SYNRAD products. SYNRAD, Inc. and its Authorized Distributors neither assumes nor
authorizes any representative or other person to assume for us any other warranties in connection with the
sale, service, or shipment of our products. SYNRAD, Inc. reserves the right to make changes and improve-
ments in the design of our products at any time without incurring any obligation to make equivalent
changes in products previously manufactured or shipped. Buyer agrees to hold SYNRAD harmless from
any and all damages, costs, and expenses relating to any claim arising from the design, manufacture, or use
of the product, or arising from a claim that such product furnished Buyer by SYNRAD, or the use thereof,
infringes upon any Patent, foreign or domestic.

xSynrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Contact information
Worldwide headquarters
SYNRAD’s worldwide headquarters are located north of Seattle in Mukilteo, Washington, U.S.A. Our
mailing address is: SYNRAD, Inc.
4600 Campus Place
Mukilteo, WA 98275
U.S.A.
Phone us at: 1.800.SYNRAD1 (1.800.796.7231)
Outside the U.S.: +1.425.349.3500
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]
Sales and Applications
SYNRAD’s Regional Sales Managers work with customers to identify and develop the best CO2laser solu-
tion for a given application. Because they are familiar with you and your laser application, use them as a
first point of contact when questions arise. Regional Sales Managers also serve as the liaison between you
and our Applications Lab in processing material samples per your specifications. To speak to the Regional
Sales Manager in your area, call SYNRAD at 1.800.SYNRAD1.
Customer Service
For assistance with order or delivery status, service status, or to obtain a Return Authorization (RA) num-
ber, contact SYNRAD at 1.800.SYNRAD1 and ask to speak to a Customer Service representative.
Technical Support
SYNRAD’s Regional Sales Managers are able to answer many technical questions regarding the installa-
tion, use, troubleshooting, and maintenance of our products. In some cases, they may transfer your call to
a Laser, Marking Head, or Software Support Specialist. You may also e-mail questions to the Technical
Support Group by sending your message to [email protected] or to [email protected].
Reference materials
Your Regional Sales Manager can provide reference materials including Outline & Mounting drawings,
Operator’s Manuals, Technical Bulletins, and Application Newsletters. Most of these materials are also
available directly from SYNRAD’s web site at http://www.synrad.com.
European headquarters
For assistance in Europe, contact SYNRAD’s European subsidiary, Synrad Europe, at:
Synrad Europe
Münchener Straße 2A
D-82152 Planegg, Germany
Phone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
E-mail: [email protected]

laser safety
1
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Hazard information
Hazard information includes terms, symbols, and instructions used in this manual or on the equipment to
alert both operating and service personnel to the recommended precautions in the care, use, and handling
of Class 4 laser equipment.
Terms
Certain terms are used throughout this manual or on the equipment labels. Please familiarize yourself with
their definitions and significance.
Imminent hazards which, if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.
Potential hazards which, if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.
Potential hazards or unsafe practices which, if not avoided, may result in minor or
moderate injury.
Potential hazards or unsafe practices which, if not avoided, may result in product
damage.
Important information or recommendations concerning the subject under discussion.
Points of particular interest for more efficient or convenient equipment operation;
additional information or explanation concerning the subject under discussion.
General hazards
Following are descriptions of general hazards and unsafe practices that could result in death, severe injury,
or product damage. Specific warnings and cautions not appearing in this section are found throughout the
manual.
Danger:
Warning:
Caution:
Important Note:
Caution:
Note:
Danger
serious
personal
injury
This Class 4 laser product emits invisible infrared laser radiation in
the 10.6 µm CO2wavelength band.
Do not allow laser radiation to enter the eye by viewing direct or re-
flected laser energy. CO2laser radiation can be reflected from metallic
objects even though the surface is darkened. Direct or diffuse laser
radiation can inflict severe corneal injuries leading to permanent eye
damage or blindness. All personnel must wear eye protection suitable
for 10.6 µm CO2radiation when in the same area as an exposed laser
beam. Eyewear protects against scattered energy but is not intended
to protect against direct viewing of the beam—never look directly
into the laser output aperture or view scattered laser reflections from
metallic surfaces.
Enclose the beam path whenever possible. Exposure to direct or dif-
fuse CO2laser radiation can seriously burn human or animal tissue,
which may cause permanent damage.
This product is not intended for use in explosive, or potentially
explosive, atmospheres.

laser safety
2Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Hazard information
Warning
serious
personal
injury
U.S. customers should refer to and follow the laser safety precautions
described in the American National Standards Institute (ANSI)
Z136.1-2007 document, Safe Use of Lasers. Procedures listed in this
Standard include the appointment of a Laser Safety Officer (LSO),
operation of the product in an area of limited access by trained per-
sonnel, servicing of equipment only by trained and authorized person-
nel, and posting of signs warning of the potential hazards.
European customers should appoint a Laser Safety Officer (LSO) who
should refer to and follow the laser safety precautions described in
EN 60825-1, 2007—Safety of Laser Products.
Warning
serious
personal
injury
Materials processing with a laser can generate air contaminants such
as vapors, fumes, and/or particles that may be noxious, toxic, or
even fatal. Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) for materials being
processed should be thoroughly evaluated and the adequacy of provi-
sions for fume extraction, filtering, and venting should be carefully
considered. Review the following references for further information
on exposure criteria:
ANSI Z136.1-2007, Safe Use of Lasers, section 7.3.
U.S. Government’s Code of Federal Regulations: 29 CFR 1910,
Subpart Z.
Threshold Limit Values (TLV’s) published by the American Confer-
ence of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH).
It may be necessary to consult with local governmental agencies
regarding restrictions on the venting of processing vapors.
Warning
serious
personal
injury
The use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures
other than those specified herein may result in hazardous radiation
exposure.
Warning
serious
personal
injury
The use of aerosol dusters containing difloroethane causes “bloom-
ing”, a condition that significantly expands and scatters the laser
beam. This beam expansion can effect mode quality and/or cause
laser energy to extend beyond the confines of optical elements in
the system, possibly damaging acrylic safety shielding. Do not use air
dusters containing difloroethane in any area adjacent to CO2laser
systems because difloroethane persists for long time periods over wide
areas.

laser safety
3
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Hazard information
Firestar®i401 lasers should be installed and operated in manufacturing or laboratory facilities by trained
personnel only. Due to the considerable risks and hazards associated with the installation and operational
use of any equipment incorporating a laser, the operator must follow product warning labels and instruc-
tions to the user regarding laser safety.
To prevent exposure to direct or scattered laser radiation, follow all safety precautions specified throughout
this manual and exercise safe operating practices per ANSI Z136.1-2007 at all times when actively lasing.
Always wear safety glasses or protective goggles with side shields to reduce the risk of damage to the eyes
when operating the laser.
A CO2laser is an intense heat source and will ignite most materials under the proper conditions. Never
operate the laser in the presence of flammable or explosive materials, gases, liquids, or vapors.
The use of controls or adjustments or performance of procedures other than those specified herein may re-
sult in exposure to hazardous invisible laser radiation, damage to, or malfunction of the laser. Severe burns
will result from exposure to the laser beam.
Safe operation of the laser requires the use of an external beam block to safely block the beam from travel-
ing beyond the desired work area. Do not place your body or any combustible object in the path of the
laser beam. Use a water-cooled beam dump or power meter, or similar non-scattering, noncombustible
material as the beam block. Never use organic material or metals as the beam blocker; organic materials, in
general, are apt to combust or melt and metals act as specular reflectors which may create a serious hazard
outside the immediate work area.
Other hazards
The following hazards are typical for this product family when incorporated for intended use: (A) risk of
injury when lifting or moving the unit; (B) risk of exposure to hazardous laser energy through unauthorized
removal of access panels, doors, or protective barriers; (C) risk of exposure to hazardous laser energy and
injury due to failure of personnel to use proper eye protection and/or failure to adhere to applicable laser
safety procedures; (D) risk of exposure to hazardous or lethal voltages through unauthorized removal of
covers, doors, or access panels; (E) generation of hazardous air contaminants that may be noxious, toxic, or
even fatal.
Disposal
This product contains components that are considered hazardous industrial waste. If a situation occurs
where the laser is rendered non-functional and cannot be repaired, it may be returned to SYNRAD, Inc.
who, for a fee, will ensure adequate disassembly, recycling and/or disposal of the product.
Additional laser safety information
The SYNRAD web site (http://www.synrad.com/LaserFacts/lasersafety.html) contains an online laser
safety handbook that provides information on (1) Laser Safety Standards for OEM’s/System Integrators,
(2) Laser Safety Standards for End Users, (3) References and Sources, and (4) Assistance with Require-
ments.
In addition, the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) provides an online Technical
Manual (located at http://www.osha.gov/dts/osta/otm/otm_iii/otm_iii_6.html). Section III, Chapter 6 and
Appendix III are good resources for laser safety information.
Another excellent laser safety resource is the Laser Institute of America (LIA). Their comprehensive web
site is located at http://www.laserinstitute.org.

laser safety
4Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Firestar i401 label locations
Figure 1 Firestar i401 hazard label and CE label locations
AVOID EXPOSURE
Invisible laser radiation
is emitted from
this aperture.
Front
Top
CAUTION
CONDENSATION AND
WATER DAMAGE CAN
OCCUR IF COOLING WATER
IS BELOW DEW POINT.
SEE OPERATION MANUAL.
INVISIBLE LASER RADIATION
AVOID EYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO
DIRECT OR SCATTERED RADIATION
CLASS 4 LASER PRODUCT
EN-60825-1, 2007
1400 WATTS MAX
10200-10800 nm
AVOID EXPOSURE
Invisible laser radiation
is emitted from
this aperture.
WARNING
Do not remove water fittings!
Do not lift or pull on water fittings!
This may cause misalignment or water leaks.
If a water leak is discovered, please contact
Synrad customer service immediately.
This laser product is manufactured under
one or more of the following U.S. Patents:
4,805,182 5,065,405 6,195,379 6,603,794
4,837,772 5,215,864 6,198,758 6,614,826
5,008,894 5,602,865 6,198,759
Other U.S. and International Patents pending.
The RF Drive circuit in this laser is designed to
sense fault conditions that could damage the
laser’s electronic circuit boards. Ready (RDY) or
Shutter (SHT) LED indicator’s on the rear panel will
blink a specific sequence when a fault is detected.
If a fault occurs, remove DC power from the laser,
wait 30 seconds, and then re-apply DC power.
If these indicators continue to flash, note the sequence
of blinks and refer to the laser’s Operator’s Manual or
contact SYNRAD, Inc. as this may indicate a serious
problem in the laser’s control circuit.
OEM version
MODEL #: FSi401SB
SERIAL #: i401214110006
TESTED AT: 48V MFG: Aug 02, 2011
This laser component does not comply with standards for complete
laser products as specified by 21 CFR 1040.10 or IEC 60825-1.
SYNRAD, Inc. 4600 Campus Place, Mukilteo WA 98275 425.349.3500
INVISIBLELASER RADIATION
AVOIDEYE OR SKIN EXPOSURE TO
DIRECTOR SCATTEREDRADIAT ION
CLASS4 LASER PRODUCT
EN-60825-1,2007
1400WATTS MAX
10200-10800nm
WARNING
Donot remove water fittings!
Donot lift or pull on water fittings!
Thismay cause misalignment or water leaks.
Ifa water leak is discovered, please contact
Synradcustomer service immediately.
Thislaser product is manufactured under
oneor more of the follow ingU.S. Pa tents:
4,805,182 5,065,405 6,195,379 6,603,794
4,837,772 5,215,864 6,198,758 6,614,826
5,008,894 5,602,865 6,198,759
OtherU. S.and International Patents pending.
TheRF Drive circuit in this laser is designed to
sensefault conditions that could damage the
laser’selectronic circuit boards. Ready (RDY) or
Shutter(SHT) LED indicator’s on the rear panel will
blinka specific sequence when a fault is detected.
Ifa fault occurs, remove DC power from the laser,
wait30 seconds, and then re-apply DC power.
Ifthese indicators continue to flash, note the sequence
ofblinks and refer to the laser’s Operator’s Manual or
contactSYNRAD, Inc. as this may indicate a serious
problemin the laser’s control circuit.
MODEL#: FSi401SB
SERIAL#: i401214110006
TESTEDAT: 48V MFG: Aug02, 2011
Thislaser component does not comply with standards for complete
laserproducts as specified by 21 CFR 1040.10 or IEC 60825-1.
SYNRAD,Inc. 4600 Campus Place, MukilteoWA 98275 425.349.3500
CAUTION
CONDENSATIONAND
WATERDAMAGE CAN
OCCURIF COOLING WATER
ISBELOW DEW POINT.
SEEOPERATION MANUAL.
Rear
Lifting handles removed for clarity

laser safety
5
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Agency compliance
The Agency compliance section includes subsections:
■Center for Devices and Radiological Health (CDRH) requirements
■Federal Communications Commission (FCC) requirements
■European Union (EU) requirements
SYNRAD lasers are designed, tested, and certified to comply with certain United States (U.S.) and Eu-
ropean Union (EU) regulations. These regulations impose product performance requirements related to
electromagnetic compatibility (EMC) and product safety characteristics for industrial, scientific, and medi-
cal (ISM) equipment. The specific provisions to which systems containing Firestar i401 lasers must comply
are identified and described in the following paragraphs. Note that compliance to CDRH, FCC, and EU
requirements depends in part on the laser version selected—Keyswitch or OEM.
In the U.S., laser safety requirements are governed by the Center for Devices and Radiological Health
(CDRH) under the auspices of the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) while radiated emission
standards fall under the jurisdiction of the U.S. Federal Communications Commission (FCC). Outside the
U.S., laser safety and emissions are governed by European Union (EU) Directives and Standards.
In the matter of CE-compliant laser products, SYNRAD, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the compliance
of the system into which the product is integrated, other than to supply and/or recommend laser compo-
nents that are CE marked for compliance with applicable European Union Directives.
Because OEM laser products are intended for incorporation as components in a laser processing system,
they do not meet all of the Standards for complete laser processing systems as specified by 21 CFR, Part
1040 or EN 60825-1. SYNRAD, Inc. assumes no responsibility for the compliance of the system into
which OEM laser products are integrated.
Center for Devices and Radiological
Health (CDRH) requirements
Product features incorporated into the design of Firestar i401 lasers to comply with CDRH requirements
are integrated as panel controls or indicators, internal circuit elements, or input/output signal interfaces.
Specifically, these features include a Keyswitch (Keyswitch versions), lase and laser ready indicators, remote
interlock for power on/off, a laser aperture shutter switch, and a five-second delay between power on and
lasing. Incorporation of certain features is dependent on the laser version (Keyswitch or OEM). Table 1,
Class 4 safety features, indicates which features are available on i401 lasers, the type and description of the
feature, and if the feature is required by CDRH regulations.
OEM models
Firestar i401 OEM lasers are OEM products intended for incorporation as components in laser processing
systems. As supplied by SYNRAD, these lasers do not meet the requirements of 21 CFR, Subchapter J
without additional safeguards. In the U.S., the Buyer of these OEM laser components is solely responsible
for the assurance that the laser processing system sold to an end user complies with all laser safety require-
ments before the actual sale of the system. Under CDRH regulations, the Buyer must submit a report to
the CDRH prior to shipping the system. In jurisdictions outside the U.S., it is the sole responsibility of the
Buyer of these OEM components to ensure that they meet all applicable local laser safety requirements. In
cases where the Buyer is also the end-user of the OEM laser product, the Buyer/end-user must integrate the
laser so that it complies with all applicable laser safety standards as set forth above.

laser safety
6Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Agency compliance
Federal Communications Commis-
sion (FCC) requirements
The United States Communication Act of 1934 vested the Federal Communications Commission (FCC)
with the authority to regulate equipment that emits electromagnetic radiation in the radio frequency spec-
trum. The purpose of the Communication Act is to prevent harmful electromagnetic interference (EMI)
from affecting authorized radio communication services. The FCC regulations that govern industrial,
scientific, and medical (ISM) equipment are fully described in 47 CFR, Part 18, Subpart C.
SYNRAD’s Firestar i401 lasers have been tested and found to comply by demonstrating performance
characteristics that have met or exceeded the requirements of 47 CFR, Part 18, Radiated and Conducted
Emissions.
FCC information to the user
NOTE: The following FCC information to the user is provided to comply with the requirements of 47
CFR, Part 18, Section 213.
Interference Potential
In our testing, SYNRAD, Inc. has not discovered any significant electrical interference trace-
able to Firestar i401 lasers.
System Maintenance
Ensure that all exterior covers are properly fastened in position.
Measures to Correct Interference
If you suspect that your Firestar laser interferes with other equipment, take the following steps
to minimize this interference:
1 Use shielded cables to and from the equipment that is experiencing interference prob-
lems.
2 Ensure that the Firestar laser is properly grounded to the same electrical potential as the
equipment or system it is connected to.
FCC caution to the user
The Federal Communications Commission warns the user that changes or modifications of the unit not
expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to operate the
equipment.
European Union (EU) requirements
RoHS compliance
SYNRAD Firestar i401 lasers meet the requirements of the European Parliament and Council Directive
2002/95/EC on the Restriction of the Use of Certain Hazardous Substances in Electrical and Electronic
Equipment, as amended by Decision 2005/618/EC establishing maximum concentration values for certain
hazardous substances in electrical and electronic equipment.

laser safety
7
Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Agency compliance
Laser safety standards
Under the Low Voltage Directive, 2006/95/EC, the European Norm (EN) document EN 60825-1 was de-
veloped to protect persons from laser radiation by imposing requirements upon manufacturers of laser prod-
ucts to provide an indication of laser radiation; to classify laser products according to the degree of hazard;
to require both user and manufacturer to establish procedures so that proper precautions are adopted; to
ensure adequate warning of the hazards associated with accessible radiation through signs, labels, and
instructions; to improve control of laser radiation through protective features; and to provide safe usage of
laser products by specifying user control measures. Table 1, Class 4 safety features, summarizes Firestar i401
product features, indicating the type and description of features and whether those features are required by
European Union regulations.
OEM models
Firestar i401 OEM lasers are OEM products intended for incorporation as components in
laser processing systems. As supplied by SYNRAD, these lasers do not meet the requirements
of EN 60825-1 without additional safeguards. European Union Directives state that “OEM
laser products which are sold to other manufacturers for use as components of any system for
subsequent sale are not subject to this Standard, since the final product will itself be subject
to the Standard.” This means that Buyers of OEM laser components are solely responsible for
the assurance that the laser processing system sold to an end-user complies with all laser safety
requirements before the actual sale of the system. Note that when an OEM laser component is
incorporated into another device or system, the entire machinery installation may be required
to conform to EN 60825-1; EN 60204-1:2006, Safety of Machinery; the Machinery Directive,
2006/42/EC; and/or any other applicable Standards. In cases where the Buyer is also the end-
user of the OEM laser product, the Buyer/end-user must integrate the laser so that it complies
with all applicable laser safety standards as set forth above.
Electromagnetic interference standards
The European Union’s Electromagnetic Compatibility (EMC) Directive, 2004/108/EC, is the sole Direc-
tive developed to address electromagnetic interference (EMI) issues in electronic equipment. In particular,
the Directive calls out European Norm (EN) documents that define the emission and immunity standards
for specific product categories. For Firestar i401 lasers, EN 61000-6-4 defines radiated and conducted RF
emission limits while EN 61000-6-2 defines immunity requirements for industrial environments.
SYNRAD’s Firestar i401 lasers have demonstrated performance characteristics that have met or exceeded
the requirements of EMC Directive 2004/108/EC.

laser safety
8Synrad Firestar i401 operator’s manual
Agency compliance
Table 1 Class 4 safety features
Required by:
Feature Location / Description CDRH EN60825-1
Keyswitch1Rear panel control Yes Yes
On/Off/Reset Keyswitch controls power to laser electronics.
Key cannot be removed from switch in the “On” position.
Shutter Laser control Yes Yes
function Functions as a beam attenuator to disable RF driver/laser output
when closed.
Shutter Rear panel indicator (Blue) No No
indicator Illuminates blue to indicate shutter is open.
Ready Rear panel indicator (Yellow) Yes Yes
indicator Indicates that laser has power applied and is capable of lasing.
Lase Rear panel indicator (Red) Yes Yes
indicator Indicates that Firestar is actively lasing. Lase LED illuminates when
the duty cycle of the Command signal is long enough to produce
laser output.
Five second Firestar circuit element Yes No
delay Disables RF driver/laser output for five seconds after Keyswitch is
turned to “On” or remote reset/start pulse is applied when Key-
switch is in “On” position.
Power fail Firestar circuit element Yes Yes
lockout1Disables RF driver/laser output if input power is removed then later
reapplied (AC power failure or remote interlock actuation) while
Keyswitch is in “On” position.
Remote Rear panel connection Yes Yes
Interlock Disables RF driver/laser output when a remote interlock switch on
an equipment door or panel is opened.
Remote Rear panel indicator (Green/Red) No No
Interlock Illuminates green when Remote Interlock circuitry is closed.
indicator Illuminates red when interlock circuitry is open.
Over Firestar circuit element No No
temperature Temperature shutdown occurs if temperature of the laser tube
protection rises above safe operating limits.
Temp Rear panel indicator (Green/Red) No No
indicator Illuminates green when laser temperature is within operating limits,
changing to red when thermal limits are exceeded.
Warning Firestar exterior Yes Yes
labels Labels attached to various external housing locations to
warn personnel of potential laser hazards.
1 Not available on i401 OEM lasers