Telewave 44 User manual

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

MODEL

44

BROADBAND

RF

WATT

METER

USER

OPERATION

MANUAL

;,.,

;c

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

TELEWAVE,

INC

.

Operation

Manual 7034

Revision

A,

February,

1979

j!a!~/1/ep

~/..

13/1979

611

MODEL

44

BROAD

BAND

RF

WATT

METER

DESCRIPTION

AND

OPERATION

CONTENTS

1.

GENERAL

2.

PHYSICAL

DESCRIPTION

3.

FUNCTIONAL

DESCRIPTION

4. SPECIFICATIONS

.

....

-

~TELEWAVE

J7

g

REV

•

FWD

.,

'

.OFF

so. !I

150•

soo·

..

-

Model 44

Broad

Band

RF

Watt

Meter

©

TE

L

EWAVE.

INC.,

1979

PRINTED

IN

U.S

.

A.

(1

15}

'¼t

-'f-f'd[)

PAGE

3

5

7

9

Page 1

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

5.

6.

7.

CONTENTS

OPERATION

Unpacking

RF

Connections

Incident

Power

Measurements

Reflected

Power

Measurement

VSWR

Calculation

True

Power

At

Load

Calculation

Directivity

Error

Ins

ertion

Error

MAINTENANCE

Warranty

Service

Calibration

Replaceable

Parts

REFERENCE

•

••

I

Page 2

PAGE

10

11

12

13

14

15

17

18

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

1.

GENERAL

1.01 This

manual

provides

the

physical

and

functional

description

and

operating

theory

necessary

for

effective

use

of

the

Telewave,

Inc.,

Model

44

Broad

Band

Radio

Frequency

(RF)

Watt Meter. Figure 1-1 illustrates

the

Model

44

RF

Watt Meter.

Its

features

include:

• Does

not

require

inserts,

• Does

not

require

bandswitching,

• Displays five

power

ranges,

• Meas1ues 1

to

500

Watts,

• Provides 5 Watts full scale,

•

Frequency

range

is

20

to

1000

MH

z,

• Measures

incident

and

reflected

power,

•

Optionally

available

with

type

Nor

UHF

connectors,

• Lightweight, rugged

and

easy

to

carry.

1.02

The

instrument

integrates

two

broad-band

directional

couplers

for

measuring i

ncident

and

reflected

power,

detectors,

ranging,

calibration

and

display. This wi

de

band

and

dynamic

range

instrument

does

not

require

inserts

or

band

switching.

1.03 A

20

µA

taut

band

meter

movement

is used

to

display

l,he

measured

power

providing

the

measurement

accuracy

necessary

to

tune

low

power

portable

transmitters.

1.04

The

user

is

provided

with

a

convenient,

easy

to

read,

vo

ltage

standing

wave

ratio

(VSWR)

chart

on

the

rear

of

the

instrument

for

determining

VSWR from

the

measured

incident

and

reflected

powe

r levels.

1

.05

A die-cast

metal

case

houses

the

instrument

for

rugged

field use.

The

Model

44

is ideally

suited

for

mobile,

marine

and

aircraft

applications

as well as

base

stations.

Page

3

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

Page 4

I

=

¾:TELEWAVE

J I

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-----------

JI~

F WD

11

,

-----

- •

·"''

so. .

110·

~

,oo·

~

-

J

)

-

- -

Figure 2-1 - Model

44

Broad

Band

RF

Watt

Meter

-

Controls

and

Indicators

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

2. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION

2.01

The

physical details

of

the

Model

44

Broad

Band

RF

Watt

Meter

are

illustrated

in

Figure

2-1

and

the

functions

of

these

elements

are

tabulated

for

the

user

in

Table

2-1.

2.02

The

instrument

is designed

for

rugged field use

and

is

housed

in

a die-cast

metal

case

with

a l

eather

carrying

strap.

Measurement

circuits

in

the

watt

meter

draw

a few

microwatts

from

the

user's

rf

source

to

power

the

instrument

making

it

unnecessary

to

supply

ac

power

or

batteries. A carrying case (Model

TC44)

is

furnished

opt

ionally.

Table 2-1 -Model

44

Broad Band

RF

Watt Meter -

Controls and Indicators

Key Element

1 In

put

Connector

2

Output

Connector

3 Mode

Switch

Function

Provides a

connection

to

the

RF

source,

e.g.,

RF

power

amplifier

or

transmitter.

Mates

with

a

type

N

connector.

Provides a

connection

to

the

RF

load,

e.g.,

antenna

or

dumm

y

load.

Mates

with

a

type

N

connecto

r.

(1)

OFF

-Provides

protection

to

meter

during

instrument

transit.

(2)

FWD -

(Forward)

- Displays

the

incident

power.

(3)

REV

-(Reverse) -Displays

the

reflected

power.

4

Power

Range Displays five

RF

power

ranges.

Page

5

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7034

K

ey

5

6

7

8

Table 2-1 -

Mod

el

44

Broad Band

RF

Watt

Meter

-

Controls

and

Indic

ators

(Continued)

El

ement

Func

t

ion

RF

Range Provides range sensitivity for

the

display.

Switch

Identification

Provides

the

user

with

the

model

and

Label serial

number

of

the

instrument.

VSWR

Chart

Provides

the

user with

information

for

determining

the

VSWR from

the

mea-

sured

incident

and

reflected power.

Carrying Provided

for

transporting

the

instrument.

Strap

Page 6

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

703

4

3. FUNC

TIONAL

DES

CR

IPTI

ON

3.01

The

Model

44

RF

Watt

Meter

is

made

up

of

two

major

sections.

Refer

to

the

schematic

diagram in

Figu

re 3-1

for

this

description.

(a) A D

ual

RF

Directional

Coup

l

er

with

directivity

of

greater

than

25

dB.

(b) A

voltmeter

circuit.

Five ranges are

provided.

3.

02

The

50

Ohm

coaxial

Dual

Directional

Coupler,

Al ,

samples a small

amount

of

the

power

delivered

to

the

rf

load,

the

incident

power.

A small

amount

of

the

power

reflected

from

the

rf

load is also

sampled.

The

coupler

also

incorporates

two

rf

detectors

which deliver

de

output

voltages

proportional

to

the

sampled

rf

power.

3.03

The

Mode

Switch,

Sl,

determines

which

of

these

voltages is displayed

on

the

voltmeter,

Ml.

The

RF

Power Range

Switch,

S2,

selects

the

appropriate

range

and

calibration

resistors

for

the

power

to

be

measured.

Each

range is

provided

with

an

adjustable

potentiometer

for

range

calibration.

3.04 Meter,

Ml,

is provided with five scales which

correspond

to

the

RF

Power

Range

Switch

positions

.

The

lower

third

of

the

meter

scale

is

shaded

red,

alerting

the

user

to

switch

to

a

lower

power

range for

fu

ll

instrument

accu

r

acy.

An OFF

position is provided

on

the

Mode

Switch,

S1,

whi

ch

shunts

out

the

meter

movement

. This provides

dampening

for

the

sensitive

meter

when

the

instrument

is being

transported.

Page 7

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7034

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www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

4.

SPECIFICAT

IO

NS

4.01

Table 4-1 will provide

the

user

with

tabulated

specifi-

cations

for

the

Telewave

Model

44

Broad

Band

RF

Watt

Meter. These are

provided

to

assist

the

user

in

formulating

the

applications,

acceptance

criteria

and

for

periodic

recalibration

of

this

instrument.

Minor

deviations

from

these

specifications

which

do

not

affect

the

performance

of

the

Model

44

Watt

Meter

are

excluded

from

the

warranty

.

Table 4-1 - Model

44

Broad Band

RF

Watt

Meter Specifications

Par

ameter

Frequency

Range

Accuracy,

20

to

100

MHz

100

to

512

MHz

512

to

1000

MHz

Power

Ranges

Primary Line

Impedance

VSWR

RF

Connectors

Standard

Optional

Dimensions

Height

Width

Depth

Weight

Characteristic

20

to

1000

MHz.

±6

per

cent

with Figure 7-1 curve.

±5

percent.

±6

per

cent.

5,

15

,

50,

150

and

500

Watts.

50

Ohms

nominal

.

1.1

maximum

.

Type

N.

Type

UHF.

These

connectors

r

educe

the

frequency

accuracy

in

the

512

to

100

0 MHz range.

16.83

cm

(6-5/8

in.)

10.16

cm

(4

in.)

8.26

cm

(3-1/4

in.)

1.36

kg

(3

lbs.)

Pag

e 9

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

5. OPERATION

Unpacking

5.01

After

the

Model

44

RF

Watt

Meter

arrives,

examine

the

shipping

containe

r

for

visible loss

or

damage. Carefully

unpack

the

watt

meter

and

examine

the

exterior

fo

r damage.

IM

PORTANT

The

Mod

el

44

RF

Wall

Meter

is

caref11/ly t

ested,

inspect

ed

and

packed

before

leav

in

g

rh1•

Tel

ewave

factory.

Claims

for

loss

or

damage

sus

tained

ill

transit

should

be

made

upon

the

carrier,

NOT

TO

Telewave

In

c.,

as

follows:

( I }

Visible

!,oss

or

Damage

-A

ny

evidence

11111

st

be

noted

Oil

rhe

freighr

bill

or

express

delivery

sh

eet.

The

form

required

to

f

il

e

such

a claim

will

be

supplied

by

the

carrier.

(2)

Concealed

loss

or

Damage

-

Thi

s

damage

does

1101

becom

e

eviden

t

until

after

rhe

wa

tt

meter

is

unpacked.

When

th

e

damage

is

di

scovered

,

make

a

written

req

u

est

for

i11sp

ec

1ion by

th

e c

arri

er's

agent

w

ithin

fif

t

een

days

of

the

deliver

y elate.

File

a

clai

m wi

th

e carri<'r.

RF Con

nection

s

5.02

The

following

procedure

will

as

s

ist

the

user

in

prepara-

tion

for

making

an

rf

power

measur

e

ment.

Refer

to

Figure 2-

1.

Step

Procedure

1 Remove

the

rf

power

from

the transmission line.

10

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7034

Step

Procedure

2

Set

the

RF

Range

Switch

to

the

500

Watt position.

3

Connect

the

RF

Source

to

the

Model

44

input

connector.

4

Connect

the

RF

Load

to

the

Model

44

output

connector.

Incident Power Measurement

5.03

The

following

procedure

will assist

the

user in

makjng

an

incident

or

forward

power

measurement.

Refer

to

Figure 2-1.

Step

Procedure

1

Set

the

Mode Switch

to

the

FWD

position.

2 Apply

rf

power

to

the

transmission line.

3 Move

the

RF

Range

Switch

to

a

lower

range

if

necessary

to

obtain

a

reading

in

the

upper

two-thirds

of

the

scale.

4

Note

the

meter

reading.

Apply

a

Correction

Factor

if

the

frequency

is

from

25

MHz

to

100

MHz.

Refer

to

Figure 7-1.

Reflected Power

Me

as

urement

5.04

The

following

procedure

will assist

the

user

in

making

a r

eflecte

d

or

reverse

power

measurement.

Page 11

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

Step

Procedure

1

Set

the

Mode

Switch

to

the

REV

position.

2

Same

procedure

as

Step

2

of

5.03.

3

Same proc(>dure

as

Step

3

of

5.03.

VSWR Calculation

5.05

The

following

procedure

will assist

the

user

in

df'ter-

mining

the

Voltage

Standing

Wave Ratio.

Step

Procedure

1

Perform

the

procedures

outlined

in

5.03

and

5.04.

Record

the

true

incident

and

reflected

power.

2

Refer

to

the

VSWR

Chart

on

the

rear

of

the

instru-

ment

or

Figure 7-2.

Apply

the

reading,

Step

1 above,

to

the

chart.

3

The

VSWR is read

from

the

nearest,

sloping

line.

£?or

higher

accuracy,

calculate

the

VSWR

by

this

formula:

l+

V:

BEY

(Watts}

f~

O

(Watts)

VSWR = p

BEY

(Watts)

1 - p

FWD

(Watts)

Page 12

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

True Power

at

loa

d Calcul

at

ion

5.06

The

following

procedure

will assist

the

user

in

deter-

mining

the

actual

power

delivered

to

the

load.

S

tep

Procedure

1 P

erform

the

procedures

outlined

in

5.03

and

5.04.

Record

the

true

incident

and

reflected

power

.

2

Subtract

the

reflected

power

from

the

incident

power.

This

difference

is

the

true

power

at

the

load.

D

irec

tivity Error

5.07 Directivity

error

results

from

the

effect

of

imperfect

directivity in

the

Dual Directional Coupler. Directivity

is

the

ability

of

the

coupler

to

sense

power

flowing

in

one

direction

and

be insensitive

to

any

power

which

may

be

flowing in

the

reverse

direction.

T

he

directivity

error

is

included within

the

specified

instrument

accuracy

of

±5%.

In

sertion

Er

ro

r

5.08

When

the

rf

load

and

rf

source

are

well

matched,

any

error

contributed

by

inserting

the

Model 44

RF

Watt Meter is negligible.

At

VSWR's

of

over

1.5

and

at

frequencies

above

100

MHz,

the

transmission line

length

becomes critical. Since

the

impedance

on

either

side

of

1/2 wavelength

is

identical,

a length

of

coaxial cable

can

be

added

to

the

Model

44

to

equal

1/2

wavelength,

thus

elimi-

nating

any

error

due

to

the

width

of

the

watt

meter.

5.09

The

chart

shown

in Figure 7-3

shows

the

length

of

RG-8/U

cable

and

connectors

vs.

frequency

which

must

be

added

when

the

user prepares a cable.

The

following

should

be

considered

when

cutting

the

cable.

Page

13

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

(a)

lf

type

UHF-259

connecto

rs

are

used,

the

cable length

is

measured

from

tip

to

tip

of

the

center

of

the

plugs.

(b)

If

type

N

connectors

ar

e used,

the

cable

length is

measured

from

end

to

end

of

the

oute

r

conductor

of

connectors.

6.

MA

INTENANCE

6.01 The Model

44

RF

Watt

Meter

is designed

with

high-

reliability

components

and

operates

on

low

de

pow

er

levels.

It

can

be

e

xp

ected

to

operate

at

peak

performance

for

long

intervals. A

periodic

cali

bration

check

conducted

by

an

rf

standards

laboratory

is

rec

ommen

ded

at

least

once

a year.

Warra

nty

Service

6.02

It

is

intended

that

the

Model

44

be

maintain

ed

on

a

unit-replacement

basis

during

the

warranty.

Fau

l

ty

units

should

be

returned

to:

Manager, Customer Serv

ice

TELEWAVE, INC.

2166

Old

Middlefie

ld

Way

Mount

ain

Vi

ew, California

94040

(415)

968-44

00

6.03 When

mat

erial

is

returned

to

Te

lewave,

the

following

info

rma

tion

will

expedite

repair

and

return

if

it

is

included:

(a)

The

Model

44

serial

number.

Refer

to

Figure 2-1

and

Table

2-1

fo

r

ID

plate

lo

cat

ion.

I

nclude

the

date

of

purchase

and

the

Purchase

Order

Number

if

known.

(b) A

brief

statement

of

the

problem.

Page

14

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

(c)

The

name

and

telephone

number

of

the

individual

most

familiar

with

the

problem.

Calibration

6.04

Adjustments

to

calibration

should

be

performed

by

a

rf

calibration

l

aborato

ry. Calibration

should

be

made

at

a frequency

of

250

MHz

when

possible. If

it

is necessary

to

perform

the

calibration

at

a

frequency

below

100

MHz,

consult

Figure 7-1

for

the

correction

factor.

6.05

The

calibr

ation

potentiometers

are

located

on

a

pc

assembly inside

the

instrument.

Refer

to

Figure 2-1.

--

Figure 6-1 - Calibra

tion

Potentiom

eters

and

Parts L

oca

tion

MP3

R1

R15

R3

R7

R11

Al

Page 15

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

Vanabl

e

RF

So

urce

Low

Pass

F1Jtc,

ln

•Lme

Power

Aeforeoce

Model

44

Under

Cal1brat

,on

Figure 6-2 -Calibration

Equipment

Set-up

RF

load

Remove

the

four

bumper

screws from

the

rear

panel. Remove

the

rear

panel. Figure 6-1 illustrates

the

calibration

poten-

tiometer

locations.

(a) Forward R 1 - 5 Watt range,

R 3 -

15

Watt range,

R 7 -

50

Watt range,

Rll

-

150

Watt range,

R15

-

500

Watt range.

(b)

Reverse R 2 - 5 Watt range,

R 6 -

15

Wattrange,

Rl0

-

50

Watt range,

R14

-

150

Watt range,

R19

-

500

Watt range.

6.06

Refer

to

Figure 6-2,

the

Calibration

Equipment

Require-

ments.

Perform

the

calib

ration

as follows:

Step Procedure

1

Set

the

rf

source

to

250

MHz.

2

Set

the

watt

meter

Mode Switch

to

FWD position.

3

Set

the

watt

meter

RF

Range Switch

to

5 Watts.

4

Set

the

rf

source

to

5 Watts

out.

5 Adjust

Rl

until

the

watt

meter

reads 5 Watts.

6 Reverse

the

watt

meter

rf

connections

in

the

rf

line.

Page

16

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7034

Step

Procedure

7

Set

the

watt

meter

Mode Switch

to

REV

position.

8 Adjust

R2

until

the

watt

meter

reads

5 Watts.

9 Reverse

the

watt

meter

rf

connections

in

the

rf

line.

10

Set

the

watt

meter

Mode Switch

to

the

FWD position.

11 R

epeat

Steps 1

thro

ugh

10

for

the

15

,

50,

150

and

50

0 Watt ranges.

12

Reinstall

the

rear

panel

and

bumper

screws.

Replaceable Parts

6.

07

Table 6-1

tabulates

t

he

replaceable parts

which

the

user

might

expect

to

replace

during

the

in

st

rumen

t lifetime.

Table 6-1 -Model

44

RF Watt Meter -Replaceable Parts List

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Page 17

www.SteamPoweredRadio.Com

7034

7.

REFERENCE

7.

01

Part

7 c

on

tains

ad

ditional

information

on

t

he

Mo

del

44

RF

Watt

Me

t

er

whi

ch

the u

se

r may need to r

efe

r

to

pe

rio

di

cally.

7.02 Figure 7-1 will

furn

ish

th

e us

er

with

a

watt

me

te

r

corr

ect

ion

factor

for

power

measurements below

100

MHz. For ex

ampl

e:

Fre

qu

ency

= 95 MHz,

Ind

icated Power =

27

5 Wa

tts,

Corr

ect

ion

Fact

or for

95

MH

z=

+4%,

A

ctual

P

owe

r = (

275

W) + (9.

00

W)

=

284

Watts.

•40

_ ,

,_,__

--

•

35

'--

_,__

I

+30 -I -

I

-

--

>--

-

\

,_,_

_

\

--

115

\

_ , -

-\

--

•

10

'1,

...

~

-

.....

-,--

--

25

50

75 100

125

FreQuencv

. MHl

Figur

e 7-1 - Model

44

RF

Watt

Meter

Cali

bratio

n

Char

t

For

F

requencie

s

Belo

w

150

MHz

Page 18

1

50

TELEWAVE 44 User manual

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