
EM-3
ENGINEMECHANICALDescription
The1 PZengineisanin-line5-cylinderengine
withthecylindersnumbered1 -2-3-4-5from
thefront.Thisengine'sinjectionorderis
1-2-4-5-3.
The1 HZand1HD-Tenginesareanin-line
6-cylinderenginewiththecylindersnumbered
1-2-3-4-5-6fromthefront.Thisengine's
injectionorderis1 -4-2-6-3-5.
Thecrankshaftissupportedby6 (1PZ)or7 (1HZ
and1HD-T)bearingsontheinsideofthecrank-
case.Thesebearingsaremadeofaluminumalloy.
Thecrankshaftisintegratedwith10weights(1PZ)
or12weights(1HZand1HD-T)whicharecast
alongwithitforbalancing.Oilholesarebuiltinto
thecrankshaftforsupplyingoiltotheconnecting
rods,bearingsandothercomponents.
Thecrankshaftbearingcapisofladderframe
constructionandisincorporatedintothecrank
case.
Thecylinderheadismadeofcastironwitha
crossflowtypeintakeandexhaustlayout.The
combustionchambersareswirlchambertypefor
the1 PZand1 HZenginesanddirectinjectiontype
forthe1 HD-Tengine.Thecamshaftjournalpartof
thecylinderheadhascamshaftcapsmadeofalu-
minumalloyandismadeofcastirononthecylinder
headside.Thecamshaftjournalhasnobearings
(withtheexceptionoftheNo.1journal).
The1 HZand1 HD-Tengineshasdual-typeex-
haustmanifolds.
Exhaustandintakevalvesareequippedwith
irregularpitchspringswhicharecapableoffollow-
ingthevalvesevenathighenginespeeds.
Thecamshaftisdrivenbythetimingbelt.The
camshaftjournalissupportedat6 places(1PZ)or
7places(1HZand1HD-T).Lubricationofthe
camshaftjournalandcamisaccomplishedbyoil
beingsuppliedthroughtheoilerportintheNo.6
(1PZ)orNo.7(1HZand1 HD-T)ofthecamshaft
journal.
Adjustmentofthevalveclearanceisdoneby
meansofanoutershimtypesystem,inwhichvalve
adjustingshimsarelocatedabovethevalvelifters.
Thispermitsreplacementoftheshimswithout
removalofthecamshaft.
Pistonsaremadeofhighlytemperature-resistant
aluminumalloy.Asthe1 HD-Tengineisthedirect
injectiontype,a deepcombustionchamberhas
beenprovided.TheNo.1pistonringgroovehas
beenstrengthenedusinga fiberreinforcedmetal.
Pistonpinsarethefull-floatingtype,withthe
pinsfastenedtoneithertheconnectingrodsnorthe
pistonboss,butwitha snapringsfittedtoboth
endsofthepintopreventthepinfromslippingout.
TheNo.1compressionringismadeofsteeland
theNo.2compressionringismadeofcastiron.The
oilringismadeofsteel.Theouterdiameterofeach
pistonringisslightlylargerthanthediameterofthe
pistonandtheflexibilityoftheringsallowsthemto
hugthecylinderwallswhentheyaremountedon
thepiston.CompressionringsNo.1andNo.2work
topreventtheleakageofgasfromthecylinderand
theoilringworkstoscrapeoiloffthecylinderwalls
topreventitfromenteringthecombustioncham-
ber.
Thecylinderblockismadeofcastiron.Ithas5
cylinders(1PZ)or6 cylinders(1HZand1HD-T)
whichareapproximately1.7timesthelengthofthe
pistonstroke.Thetopofthecylindersisclosedoff
bythecylinderheadandthelowerendofthe
cylindersbecomesthecrankcase,inwhichthe
crankshaftisinstalled.Inaddition,thecylinder
blockcontainsa waterjacket,throughwhichcool-
antispumpedtocoolthecylinders.
Plasticregiontighteningboltsareusedforthe
cylinderheadbolts,crankshaftbearingcapbolts
andconnectingrodcapbolts.
Theoilpanisboltedontothebottomofthe
crankshaftbearingcapwithboltsandnuts.Theoil
panisanoilreservoirmadeofpressedsteelsheet.