Turner Designs TD-700 User manual

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 1
TD-700
Laboratory
Fluorometer
Operating
Manual
Dated:5/8/2002
Version2.0
PartNumber7000-998

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 1
TD-700
Laboratory
Fluorometer
Operating
Manual
Dated:5/8/2002
Version2.0
PartNumber7000-998

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 2
TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer
OperatingManual
Table of Contents
I. Introduction 5
A. Description
B. InspectionandSetup
C. GeneralPrecautions
D. DefinitionofSymbols
II. Hardware Overview 7
A. TD-700QuickViewDiagram
B. TD-700Controls
III. Optical Filter Installation and Removal 9
IV. Lamp Installation and Removal 11
A. TheMercuryVaporLamp
B. TheQuartzHalogenLamp
V. Instrument Parameters (Firmware) 13
A. Power-upScreen
B. HOMEScreen
C. Setup/CalibrationScreen
D. SetupScreens
E. CalibrationScreens
F. FirmwareFlowChart
VI. Calibration Overview 18
A. WhyCalibrate?
B. WhentoCalibrate
C. TD-700CalibrationOptions
VII. Calibration: Simple Mode 20
VIII. Calibration: Multi-Optional Mode - Raw Fluorescence 22
IX. Calibration: Multi-Optional Mode - Direct Concentration 24
A. ToCalibrate
B. HowSampleConcentrationsWillBeCalculated
C. ToViewtheLastCalibration
D. ToAborttheCalibration
X. Reading Samples 28
A. ReadingSamples
B. ResettingBlanktoZero
C. DataStream

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 3
APPENDICES
APPENDIX 1 - Before Calibration or Reading Samples 30
A. MaterialsNeeded
B. WhenHandlingSamples
C. LinearRangeand"Quenching"
Figure1:Linearity,CalibrationCurve,andQuenching
D. TemperatureConsiderations
E. PositioningSamples
F. DataQuality
APPENDIX 2 - The Calibration Printout 33
A. PrintoutCapabilitywithaPrinterorComputer
B. SampleReadingwithaPrinterorComputer
C. CalibrationPrintoutUsingtheDirectConcentrationCalibration
Procedure
D. CalibrationPrintoutintheMulti-OptionalRawFluorescenceCalibration
E. CalibrationPrintoutUsingtheSimpleMode
APPENDIX3-Alarms&Diagnostics 36
A. AlarmScreen
B. DiagnosticScreens
APPENDIX4-Troubleshooting 38
APPENDIX 5 - Data Collection 39
APPENDIX 6 - Sample and Cuvette Adapters 40
A. InstallingandRemovingSampleAdapters
B. MinicellAdapter
APPENDIX7-Glossary 42
APPENDIX8-ErrorMessages and Notes 45
A. InvalidInput
B. Error1
C. Notes 1 and 2
D. Error3
E. Error4
F. Error5
G. Error6
H. HomeScreenDisplays:OVER,orNegative(-)Numbers
I. BlankLevelError
APPENDIX 9 - Maintenance, Warranty, & Service 47
A. Maintenance
B. Warranty
C. ObtainingService
APPENDIX10- Specifications & Features 49
APPENDIX11- Principles of Fluorescence 51
APPENDIX12-Instructionsfor Usingthe SolidStandard 53

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 4
NOTES

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 5
I. Introduction
A. Description
TheTD-700Fluorometerisacompact,laboratoryfluorometerdesignedfor
discretesamplemeasurementofvariousfluorescentmaterials,including
chlorophyll,rhodamine,fluorescein,histamine,vitamins,andotherfluores-
centcompounds.Whenproperlycalibrated,TD-700willelectronicallyset
theoptimalsensitivity andrangeforyoursamples, andwillreadoutthe
actualconcentrationofthecompoundwhenintheDirectConcentration
mode. The TD-700 can be set up to detect the specific compound you
want to measure simply by changing the lamp and optical filters.
B. Inspection and Setup
Uponreceivingyourfluorometer,pleaseinspectitcarefullyandmakesure
all accessories are present (refer to the packing list shipped with the
instrument).
To get started (Refer to the Quick View Diagram, page 7):
1. Locate the instrument on a flat surfacewith the back of the instrument
wellventilated(atleastthreeinchesfromawall).
2. Open the sample chamber lid located on the top of the unit.
3. RemovetheFilterCylinderbygraspingtheinsiderimofthecylinder
andpullingup.
4. Installthecorrectopticalfiltersforyourapplication.SeeSectionIIIfor
details.
5. Checkthat the correct lamp is installedfor your primary application.
SeeSection IV for details.
6. Check to see that the sample adaptor is the correct one for your
needs.RefertoAppendix6foradetailedexplanationofTD-700
SampleAdaptors.
7. Reinsert the Filter Cylinder, lining up either the A, B, C or D applica-
tionindicatorsonthecylinderwiththesilveralignment mark on the
insiderimofthesamplechamber.Replacethesampleadaptormaking
sure that the adaptor is properly seated in the filter cylinder, and close
thesamplechamberlid.
8. Plug in the unit.Be sure to use only the Turner Designs power
supply provided with your instrument. It is critical to use the power
supplyprovidedbyTurnerDesignstomeetEMIrequirements.
9. Turnonthepower switch (rear of unit) and allow the unittowarmupfor
thecountdownperiod(600 seconds; 10 minutes).
NOTE:Foroptimalinstrumentstability,leavetheinstrumentturnedon.
TD-700 Front View
TD-700 Side View
FilterCylinder
Assembly
TD-700 Top View

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 6
C. General Precautions
Donotleavetheinstrumentreading"OVER"foranextendedperiodoftime
(severalminutes).Instrumentinstabilitycanresult.
If you are using the quartz halogen lamp, do not touch the bulb. It may be
hot. Also, oils from your hand will affect the lamp's transmission.
Whenusingsolventsorotherchemicals,pleaserefertotheappropriate
MaterialSafetyDataSheet(MSDS)forinformationregardinghandling.
When using potentially hazardous chemicals, please use closed-cap test
tubeswhenever possible and limit exposure.Ifclosed cap test tubesare
notavailable,Parafilm™shouldbeusedtopreventthespillageofvolatileor
otherpotentiallyhazardouschemicals.
Chemicalsshould be usedin accordance withlocal regulations andused
inawellventilatedarea.
Do not defeat the lamp interlock switch. UV light may cause permanent
damage to your eyes.
D. Definition of Symbols
DirectCurrent.12voltsD.C.
Easilytouchedhighertemperatureparts.
Caution.Readinstructionmanualandrefertowarningtext.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 7
TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer
TD-700FilterCylinderand
13 mm Sample
Adapter
25 mm Round Sample
Adapter 10 mm Square Cuvette Adapter
II. Hardware Overview
A. TD-700 Quick View Diagram
AlignmentMark AlignmentMark
SampleAdapter
FilterCylinder
SilverAlignmentMark
SampleChamber
Display
Keypad

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 8
TD-700 Front View
4
TD-700FilterCylinderAssembly
5
TD-700 Sample Adapters
13 mm, 25 mm, and 10 mm
6
8
7
9
TD-700 with Halogen Lamp
Rear View
10 TD-700 with Mercury Vapor
Lamp - Rear View
10
B. TD-700 Controls
1. Display — Shows the screens and readout for samples. It is lit
continuouslywhentheunitisoperating.Exceptduring calibration, the
contrast of the display can be adjusted on any screen by pressing the
up or down arrow keys.
2. Keypad —The keypad is used toenter new values andtomove
throughthesoftwarescreens.
3. Sample Chamber — Samples are placed inside the chamber for
reading.IthousestheFilterCylinderandthecuvetteadaptor.
4. Filter Cylinder—TheFilterCylinderhasopeningsforvariousoptical
filtercombinations. Itcanbe removedbygrasping theinsiderim ofthe
cylinderand pulling it straightup.
5. Sample Adapters—Adaptersareavailable forvarioustest tubeor
cuvette sizes. The sizes used with the TD-700 are: 25 mm round, 13
mmround, 10mmsquare, or100µlminicell.
6. Lamp Access Panel— To access the lamp, remove the panel by
pulling on the two black quick-release latches on the lamp access
panel.Thelampprovidesexcitationlightatwavelengthsspecifictothe
compoundtobemeasured.
7. Power Switch — ON/OFF switch.
8. RS-232SerialPortConnection —RS-232(DB9femalefromtheTD-
700)serialportforconnectingtoacomputerorprinter.
9. Power Plug Socket— The power supply connects into the rear panel
oftheinstrument.
10. DrainPlug—TheTD-700isequippedwithanon-removableplug
(locatedunderneaththe instrument)fordrainageif thereisaspillin the
samplecompartment.
11. Lamp Viewport — The mercury vapor lamp access panel has a lamp
viewportthatallowstheusertoobserve whether the lamp is lit without
openingthedoor.
3
1
2
6
8
7
9
11

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 9
TD-700 Side View
TD-700FilterCylinderAssembly
FilterCylinder
Assembly
III. Optical Filter Installation and Removal
TheTD-700Fluorometermusthavetwodifferentopticalfilterstooperate
correctly:anexcitationfilterandanemissionfilter.TD-700filtersareone-
inchdiameter,round,coloredglassorhighly-reflectiveglass.Thefiltersare
mountedintheFilterCylinderusingflexiblerubbero-rings.TheFilter
Cylinderisaccessedthrough the samplechamber.TheCylindercanhold
fourdifferentexcitation/emissionfiltercombinations,andislabeledonone
rim,“A” and “B”; andlabeled on the oppositerim, “C” and “D”. Eachof
these letters identifies a filter application set. Once the filter sets are
installedproperlyinthecylinder,changingfromoneapplicationtoanother
requiresasimplerepositioningofthecylinderandpossibly a lamp change.
ToremoveorinstallopticalfiltersintheFilterCylinder:
a. Removeanytesttubesorcuvettesandsampleadaptorsfromthe
instrument.Then,grasptheFilterCylinderbytherim and pull straight
up and out of the unit.
b. Locatethefilters(excitationandemissionfilters)fortheapplication
youwant to run. Filters aremarked on their rimwithan identification
number.
c. TheFilterCylinderhaseightopeningsforfourdifferentfiltersets.For
example,theopenings forfiltersetAare marked“A/EX”and“A/EM”;
filter set B is marked “B/EX” and “B/EM”. Select the A, B, C, or D
positions to install the filters.
d. Findtheopeningsforthefilter setyouwanttoremove.Forexample, if
youwant to install thefilters in position B, thenremove any filters from
theB/EX andB/EMopenings. Toremovea filter,takeout theflexible
rubber o-ring holding the filter in place. Use a tool such as a plastic
pen cap or plastic-nosed forceps to do this. Be careful not to scratch
thesurfaceof the filter.Placeyourhandover theopeningandtiltthe
cylinder so the filter drops out into your hand.Be careful, the filters
are glass and may break if dropped.
e. Locatethe excitation filter to beinstalled.Handle the filter onthe
edgessoastoavoidleavingfingerprintsonthefilter,orwipeoffthe
filterbeforeinstalling.Ifthefilterhasonesidethatis“mirrored”or
highlyreflective,itshouldbeinstalled sothemirroredside faces
outwardfromthecylinder(towardthelamp).Insertit(mirroredside
out, if any) in the opening marked with the set letter/”EX”. Push the
filter in so it rests flush with the back of the opening. Then reinsert the
o-ring and press it in until it is flush against the filter.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 10
f. Locate the emission filter to be installed. Handle the filter at the edges
soastoavoidleavingfingerprintsonthefilter,orwipeoffthefilter
beforeinstalling.Ifthefilterhas onesidethatis“mirrored”orhighly
reflective, itshouldbeinstalledsothe mirroredsidefacestoward the
insideofthecylinder(towardthesample).Insertit(mirrored side in, if
any)intheopening marked with the appropriate set letter/”EM”. Push
the filter in so it rests flush with the back of the opening. Then reinsert
the o-ring and press in with your plastic pen cap until it is flush against
thefilter.
g. Position the Filter Cylinder in the sample chamber so that the align-
ment mark for the filter set you are using is aligned with the silver
alignmentmarkon theinsiderimofthesample chamber.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 11
IV. Lamp Installation and Removal
TherearetwotypesoflampsavailablefortheTD-700:theMercuryVapor
andtheQuartzHalogen
A. The Mercury Vapor Lamp
Thelowpressuremercuryvaporlampcomesinvarioustypesdepending
ontheapplicationofinterest.Theaveragelifeofamercuryvaporlampis
8000hours.Thelampcan be checked without removingthelampaccess
panelbyviewing throughthelampview port.Ifthelampaccesspanelis
removed,thepowertothemercurylampwillbecutoff.Thissafetyfeature
will prevent the user from being exposed to U.V. light.Do not defeat the
interlock switch. U.V. light may cause permanent damage to your
eyes.
Check the lamp view port if:
1. Theinstrumentis notresponding,eventhoughthe unitispluggedin
and the power is on.
2. Thereadingsareverylow,unstable,ordrifting.
Note: Afterreplacingalamp,youmustalwaysrecalibrate.
To replace the mercury vapor lamp:
1. Unplugtheinstrumentandremovethelampaccesspanelbypulling
on the two black quick-release latches on the rear panel of the instru-
ment.
2. Beforereplacing a lamp, make surethe current lamp isfullyseated in
both the upper and lower lamp sockets.Be cautious when remov-
ing the lamp. It may be hot.
3. Toremove thelamp,grasp itcarefullyand turnitabout 90degrees
until the prongs line up with the slots on the lamp sockets. Slide it out.
NOTE:Toavoid breakingthelampwhen replacingit,makesureit is
fully seated! At the bottom lamp socket, a metal spring exerts pres-
sureagainst the lamp; be surethisspring is not preventingproper
seatingbeforetwistinglampintoplace.
4. To install a new lamp, line up the lamp prongs with the slots on the
lamp sockets, push the lamp in and turn it about 90 degrees so it is
firmly seated. Make sure both end caps are properly seated or the
lampwillnotwork!
5. Replace the lamp access panel and push in the black quick-release
latches to snap the panel in place.
6. Turn on the power. Check the lamp view port to ensure the lamp is lit.
Also make sure the fan is operating. If the fan is not operating, check
theconnectorplug.
Quick-release
latches
Lamp View Port
TD-700 with Mercury Vapor
Lamp - Rear View

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 12
TD-700 with Halogen Lamp
Rear View
Quick-release
latches B. The Quartz Halogen Lamp
Theaveragehalogenlamplifeis2000hours.
Check the lamp if:
1. Theinstrumentis notresponding,eventhoughthe unitispluggedin
and the power is on
2. Thereadingsareverylow,unstable,ordrifting.
To replace the quartz halogen lamp:
1. Turnofftheinstrumentandremovethelampaccesspanelbypulling
on the two black quick-release latches on the rear panel of the instru-
ment.
2. Unplug the power jack that connects the lamp panel assembly to the
instrument.Thelampaccesspanelshouldnowpullfreeoftheinstru-
ment.
3. DO NOT TOUCH THE LAMP BULB with an ungloved hand; the
bulb may be hot, and/or the oils from your hand will affect the
lamp's transmittance and cause incorrect readings. If the bulb is
burned out, grab the bulb with a tissue and pull it out of the assembly.
Using the same tissue, insert a new bulb (orientation does not matter).
4. Plug the power jack back into the main instrument and replace the
lamp access panel. Push in the black quick-release latches to snap
thepanelin place.
5. Turn on the power. Check to ensure the lamp is lit by viewing it
throughthefanopening.Also make sure the fan isoperating.Ifthefan
is not operating, check the connector plug.
6. Youmustrecalibrateifyoureplacethelamp.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 13
C.Setup/CalibrationScreen
1. Setup
2.Calibration
XXX ppm
<ENT>-Setup &Cal
B.HOMEScreen
TURNERDESIGNS
T7-1B10/96 600
A. Power-up Screen
V. Instrument Parameters (Firmware)
InstrumentparametersaresetthroughtheTD-700firmwareinterface.
Firmware screens are called up using the keypad. To see how thescreens
fittogether,seethe firmware flowchart on pages 16 &17.Fordetailsabout
alarms and instrument diagnostics, see Appendix 3, Section A, and
Section B.
A. Power-up Screen
When the unit is first turned on, a screen appears showing the title,
softwareversion,anda600-second(10-minute)countdown.Oncethe600-
secondcountdownexpires,theHOMEscreenwillappear.Thecountdown
allowstheinstrumenttowarmupadequatelybeforemeasurementsbegin.
For optimal stability and accuracy, it is recommended that you allow the
instrumenttocompletethe countdown period.Forbestresults,leavethe
instrumentturnedoninyourlaboratory.
If you wish to bypass the countdown period, press <H>, <ESC>, or
<ENT>. From the HOME screen, press <9> to return to the Power-up
screen.
B. HOME Screen
Afterthecountdownperiod,theHOME screen is displayed. The HOME
screen is where samples are read and data is sent to the printer or
computer. Press <H> to return to this screen from any screen (except
duringcalibration).
FromtheHOMEscreen, several functions can be accessed.
- Press <D> to send data to a printer or computer.
-Press<*>toDiscreteSampleAverage(SeeSection X for details).
- Press <0> to Autozero or blank the instrument (See Section X for
details).
- Press <8> for Diagnostic Screens.
- Press <7> for Data Stream.
C. Setup/Calibration Screen
TheSetup/Calibration screen,accessedfrom theHOMEscreen by
pressing <ENT>, is a screen where the user selects either to go to the
calibrationsequenceortorevieworchangethesetupparameters.The
user may also press <D> from this screen to send the current calibration
informationtoaprinterorcomputer.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 14 D. Setup Screen
Thisscreenisusedto choose the calibration procedurefortheTD-700.
-Simple,Multi-OptionalRawFluorescence,Multi-OptionalDirect
Concentration. Thisscreenwill have 1of3looksdepending uponhowthe
instrumentis currentlyconfigured. (Seefigure totheleft).
To access the Setup Screen, from the Home screen press <ENT> then
<1>. Press the appropriate number to access the setup parameters.
1.Mode. Thisparameter allows the userto choose between Simple&
Multi-Optionalcalibrationmodes. (SeeSection V Eformoredetails).
2.Cal Procedure. Thisparameterallowsthe user to choose between Raw
FluorescenceandDirectConcentrationcalibrationprocedures(See
Section V E for more details.
3.Units. Used onlyinMulti-Optional-DirectConcentration mode only.
This is to choose which units your standards and samples are
measuredin.
For all 3 of these parameters, use the <-> key to toggle between choices.
When you have your choice selected, press <ESC> or <H>.
E. Calibration Screens
Theinstrumentwill initiate the calibration process when <2>ofthekeypad
ispressedfromthe"Setup/Calibration"Screen. Thefirmwarewillguide
theuserthroughtheprocess. Dependinguponthecalibrationmodeand
procedure chosen in the Setup screens, the steps will be different. (See
firmware flowchart on pages 16 & 17). Here is a description of the 3
differentcalibrationprocedures.
Simple:Onepointcalibration
This calibration allows you to use one standard (or sample) and no
blanks.Theinstrumentgivesthestandardarelativevalueof500ona
scaleof0-1000. The instrumentusesapreprogrammedabsolute
zero as the 0 point.
Multi-Optional/Rawfluorescence:twopointcalibration
(standard+blank)
This calibration allows you to use one standard and the option to blank
subtract.Theusercanspecifythemagnitudeinrelativefluorescence
units for the standard (on a scale of 0-1000). As an example, if you
expectyourstandard is ~75% of the fullrangefor the application (see
applicationnotesonour website for ranges), then call the standard
750RFUs.
MultiOptional/DirectConcentration:Multipointcalibration
(up to 5 standards + blank)
This calibration allows you to use up to 5 different standards plus a
blank for the calibration. You can choose the units of your standards,
anddefinethemagnitudeofthemaximumreadablelevel. Intheend,
the output can be in direct concentration so no further calculations are
needed.
1.Mode
2.CalProcedure
Raw Fluorescence
1.Mode
Simple Mode
1. Mode 3. Units
2.CalProcedure
DirectConcentration

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 15
NOTES

TURNER DESIGNS
T7-1B 10/96 600
XXX (units)
<ENT> Setup &Cal
Sen%: XXX
Raw: XXX.XX
1. Mode
Blank?
1. Yes 9. No
TURNER DESIGNS
T7-1B 10/96 600
Data Rate (sec)
<1> 2 5 10 30 60
Data Stream?
<Yes> No
Oper: XXX Hrs
Pwr Level: 100%
1. Setup
2. Calibration
<ENT>
<Simple>
Multi-Optional
<Raw Fluor.>
Direct Conc.
ppb <ppm> ug/l
ppt ug/ml ng/ml
BLK XXX (units)
<ENT> -Setup &Cal
DLY XXX (units)
<ENT> -Setup &Cal
AVE XXX (units)
<ENT> -Setup &Cal
END XXX (units)
<ENT> -Setup &Cal
1. Mode 3. Units
2. Cal Procedure
1. Mode
2. Cal Procedure
Simple Mode Direct conc.
Mode
Raw Fluor.
Mode
1
2
3
K
0
7
8
9
Use the "<->" button on the
keypad to toggle between options
The option in brackets is the
selected option
1
Power up Screen
Countdown from 600
Home Screen
Use this screen to choose
between the Simple mode
and the other 2 modes
Use this screen to choose
between Raw Fluor. and
direct conc. modes
Use this screen to choose
units to be displayed on the
home screen
Press <ENT> to see
Press <ENT> then <D> to see
Return to home
screen

Read & Subtract
Blank?1=Yes 9=No
Insert Typical
Sample <ENT>
SETTING Sens
Send Factor: XX
Sensitivity Set
Sens Factor: XX
Sample = XXX
<ENT>
Printing Cal
Report, pls wait
Set Sample = XXX
1. OK 9. Change
Insert Blank
and press <ENT>
Simple Mode Raw Fluor.
Mode Direct conc. Mode
Sample = XXX
New = <ENT>
Insert Typical
Sample <ENT>
SETTING Sens
Send Factor: XX
Sensitivity Set
Sens Factor: XX
Sample = XXX
<ENT>
Press <0> when
value stable XXX
Reading Blank Wait
Blank = XXX
Printing Cal
Report, pls wait
Enter highest
conc Std first
Max conc: XXX.X
New = <ENT>
Hi conc: XXX.X
New = <ENT>
Number of Stds
(1-5) = X <ENT>
Max range: XXXX
1. OK 9. Change
Hi Std Conc: XXX.X
1. OK 9. Change
Insert Hi Std
and press < K >
SETTING Sens
Send Factor: XX
Sensitivity Set
Sens Factor: XX
Reading Hi StdWAIT
#X Std Conc. XXX.X
1. OK 9. Change
#X conc: XXX.X
New: <ENT>
Insert #X Std
and press < K >
Reading: #X std
WAIT
Insert Blank
and press <ENT>
Press <0> when
value stable XXX
Reading Blank WAIT
Printing Cal
Report, pls wait
Calibration
Complete
2
Press <ENT> to see
Press <0> to see
Press <1> to see

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 18 VI. Calibration Overview
A. Why Calibrate?
TheTD-700calibrationproceduressettheinstrument'ssamplerange,
(concentrationrange)andsensitivitybasedonachosenfluorescent
standardorsample.Inaddition,calibrationintheDirectConcentration
mode assigns a digital value to a known standard so that subsequent
standardsor samples can beeasily referenced to the original. For ex-
ample,duringDirectConcentrationcalibrationyoucanassignavalueof
500 to a sample and know with certain confidence that a sample that
reads 250 contains half as much analyte as the original sample (assuming
that the blank reads zero).
B. When to Calibrate
·Forgreatestaccuracy,calibratebeforerunninganewbatchof
samples.
·Recalibrateiftheambienttemperaturechangesby+/-5°C.
·Recalibrateafterchanginglamps,filters,cuvettesizes,ortheanalyte
youaremeasuring.
·Verifytheneedto calibrate by reading a stable, known concentration
standardimmediatelyaftercalibrationandagaineveryfewhoursto
seeifreadingshavechangedsignificantly.Recalibratewhenthe
accuracybecomesunacceptablefor your study.
C. TD-700 Calibration Options
TherearethreecalibrationproceduresavailableontheTD-700:
·SimpleMode-RawFluorescenceCalibration
·Multi-OptionalMode-RawFluorescenceCalibration
·Multi-OptionalMode-DirectConcentrationCalibration
1. Simple Mode Calibration: In the Simple Mode calibration procedure
the instrument range is automatically set based on the typical
standard or sample chosen. You cannot manually adjust the
instrumentrangewhencalibratinginthis mode. The chosen sample
will be automatically set to 50% of the maximum value that can be
accurately read by the instrument, (500 out of 1000). Also, there is no
optiontoreadandsubtracta blank during this calibration procedure.
2. Multi-OptionalRawFluorescenceMode:In theMulti-Optional
ModeRawFluorescencecalibrationyoumaymanuallyadjustthe
instrumentrangebychangingthedefaultsamplevalueof500to
anothernumberfrom100to950. If youassignavaluehigherthan500
to your chosen sample, you will decrease the maximum sample
concentrationthat can beread and increasethe instrument’s
sensitivityandresolution. Ifyouassign a value lower than 500, you
willincreasethemaximumconcentrationthatcanbereadand
decreasetheinstrument’ssensitivityandresolution.
Note:Calibrationdatawillbe
storedevenafterpowertothe
instrumentisturnedoff.
Notethataseparatecalibration
isstoredforeachofthethree
modes. For example, if you
calibrate in the Simple Mode,
thiscalibrationremainsin
effectuntilyourecalibratein
the Simple Mode. If you
calibrateintheMulti-Optional
Mode-DirectConcentration,
thiswill notchange the
calibration in the Simple
Mode. Similarly, a calibration
in the Multi-Optional Mode -
DirectConcentrationwillnot
affectacalibration inthe
Multi-OptionalMode-Raw
Fluorescence.
Thus,ineffect,theTD-700can
storethreeseparate
calibrationsatthesametime,
onefor each mode.This also
meansthatwhenyouchange
modes, as each mode is a
separatefunction,youmust
calibrateinthe mode you want
touse.

TD-700 Laboratory Fluorometer Operating Manual
Page 19
3. DirectConcentrationCalibration: DirectConcentrationCalibration,
onlyavailableintheMulti-OptionalMode,isamulti-pointcalibrationin
whichup to five standardsand a blank are read. Thesoftware uses
these points to set the optimal instrument range and sensitivity, and to
calculatethedirectconcentrationofunknowns.Inamulti-point
calibration,theinstrumentgeneratesacalibrationcurveforsuperior
accuracy. TheTD-700willdisplay the actualconcentrationofyour
samples. The display units are user-selectable and chosen in the
setupmenu.
Note: Fluorescencemeasurements are affected byfactors such as
temperature,linearity,andinstrumentdrift. Beforecalibratingor
runningsamplesforthefirsttime,werecommendreviewingAppendix
1.