Victron energy BlueSolar MPPT 100/15 User manual

Manual
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Manuel
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Manual
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Appendix
BlueSolar charge controller MPPT 100/15

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
1 General Description
1.1 Ultra fast MPPT tracking
Especially in case of a clouded sky, when light intensity is changing continuously, a fast
MPPT algorithm will improve energy harvest by up to 30% compared to PWM charge
controllers and by up to 10% compared to slower MPPT controllers.
1.2 Load output
Over-discharge of the battery can be prevented by connecting all loads to the load
output. The load output will disconnect the load when the battery has been discharged
to a pre-set voltage.
Alternatively, an intelligent battery management algorithm can be chosen: see Battery
Life.
The load output is short circuit proof.
Some loads (especially inverters) can best be connected directly to the battery, and the
inverter remote control connected to the load output. A special interface cable may be
needed, please see section 3.6.
1.3 Battery Life: intelligent battery management
When a solar charge controller is not able to recharge the battery to its full capacity
within one day, the result is often that the battery will continually be cycled between a
‘partially charged’ state and the ‘end of discharge’ state. This mode of operation (no
regular full recharge) will destroy a lead-acid battery within weeks or months.
The Battery Life algorithm will monitor the state of charge of the battery and, if needed,
day by day slightly increase the load disconnect level (i.e. disconnect the load earlier)
until the harvested solar energy is sufficient to recharge the battery to nearly the full
100%. From that point onwards the load disconnect level will be modulated so that a
nearly 100% recharge is achieved about once every week.
1.4 Internal temperature sensor
Compensates absorption and float charge voltages for temperature.

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1.5 Automatic battery voltage recognition
The MPPT 100/15 will automatically adjust itself to a 12V or a 24V system.
1.6 Three step charging
The BlueSolar MPPT Charge Controller is configured for a three step charging process:
Bulk – Absorption – Float.
1.6.1. Bulk stage
During this stage the Controller delivers as much charge current as possible to rapidly
recharge the batteries. When the battery voltage reaches the absorption voltage setting, the
Controller activates the next stage (absorption).
1.6.2. Absorption stage
During this stage, the Controller switches to the constant voltage mode, where the
absorption voltage is applied to the battery. When the charge current decreases to the float
transition current setting, the battery is fully charged and the Controller switches to the float
stage.
1.6.3. Float stage
During this stage, the float voltage is applied to the battery to maintain it in a fully charged
state.
1.7 Real-time data display options
1.7.1. Apple and Android smartphones, tablets and other devices
VE.Direct Bluetooth Smart dongle needed: see our website.
1.7.2 ColorControl panel
VE.Direct cable needed.

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
2 Safety instructions
● It is advised to read this manual carefully before the product is installed and put into
use.
● This product is designed and tested in accordance with international standards. The
equipment should be used for the designated application only.
● Install the product in a heatproof environment. Ensure therefore that there are no
chemicals, plastic parts, curtains or other textiles, etc. in the immediate vicinity of
the equipment.
● Ensure that the equipment is used under the correct operating conditions. Never
operate it in a wet environment.
● Never use the product at sites where gas or dust explosions could occur.
● Ensure that there is always sufficient free space around the product for ventilation.
● Refer to the specifications provided by the manufacturer of the battery to ensure
that the battery is suitable for use with this product. The battery manufacturer's
safety instructions should always be observed.
● Protect the solar modules from direct light during installation, e.g. cover them.
● Never touch uninsulated cable ends.
● Use only insulated tools.
● Connections must always be made in the sequence described in section 3.5.
● The installer of the product must provide a means for cable strain relief to prevent
the transmission of stress to the connections.
●In addition to this manual, the system operation or service manual must include a
battery maintance manual applicable to the type of batteries used.
Danger of explosion from sparking
Danger of electric shock

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3. Installation
3.1. General
● Mount vertically on a non-flammable surface, with the power terminals facing
downwards.
● Mount close to the battery, but never directly above the battery (in order to prevent
damage due to gassing of the battery).
● Use cables with a diameter of 6mm². The recommended maximum length of the cable
is 5m, in order to restrict cable loss.
(if the cables to the PV panels must be longer than 5m, increase cross section or use
parallel cables and install a junction box next to the controller and connect with a
short 6mm² cable to the controller).
● 20A battery fuse: replacable fuse in the controller, next to the battery terminals.
● Grounding: if grounding is required,use one grounding point only. Never ground
both the minus of the solar array and the minus of the battery.
3.2. PV configuration
The controller will operate only if the PV voltage exceeds battery voltage (Vbat).
● PV voltage must exceed Vbat + 5V for the controller to start. Thereafter minimum
PV voltage is Vbat + 1V.
● Maximum open circuit PV voltage: 100V.
The controller can be used with any PV configuration that satisfies the three above
mentioned conditions.
For example:
12V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels
● Minimum number of cells in series: 36 (12V panel).
● Recommended number of cells for highest controller efficiency: 72
(2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 144 cells 4x 12V panel in series).
24V battery and mono- or polycristalline panels
● Minimum number of cells in series: 72
(2x 12V panel in series or 1x 24V panel).
● Maximum: 144 cells (4x 12V panel in series).
Note: at low temperatures the open circuit voltage of a 144 cell solar array may exceed
100V, depending on local conditions and cell specifications. In that case the number of cells
in series must be reduced.

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
3.3. Configuration of the controller (see figure 1 and 2)
There is a 4-pin connector available to select one of the three battery control options:
3.3.1. No bridge: BatteryLife algorithm (see 1.2.2.)
3.3.2. Bridge between pin 1 and pin 2: conventional (see 1.2.1.)
Low voltage load disconnect: 11,1V or 22,2V
Automatic load reconnect: 13,1V or 26,2V
3.3.3. Bridge between pin 2 and pin 3: conventional (see 1.2.1.)
Low voltage load disconnect: 11,8V or 23,6V
Automatic load reconnect: 14V or 28V
3.4 LEDs
Green LED: indicates which load output control algorithm has been chosen.
On: one of the two conventional load output control algorithms (see Fig 2)
Blinking: BatteryLife load output control algorithm (see Fig 2)
Yellow LED: signals charge sequence
Off: no power from PV array (or PV array connected with reverse polarity)
Blinking fast: bulk charge (battery in partially charged state)
Blinking slow: absorption charge (battery charged to 80% or more)
On: float charge (battery fully charged)
3.5 Cable connection sequence (see figure 3)
First: connect the cables to the load, but ensure that all loads are switched off.
Second: connect the battery (this will allow the controller to recognize system voltage).
Third: connect the solar array (when connected with reverse polarity, the controller will heat
up but will not charge the battery).
The system is now ready for use.
3.6 Connecting an inverter
The load output can be used to supply DC loads and simultaneously to control an inverter.
The Victron inverters model Phoenix 12/800, 24/800, 12/1200 and 24/1200 can be
controlled by connecting the left side connection of the inverter remote control directly to the
solar charger load output (see figure 4).
For the Victron inverters model Phoenix 12/180, 24/180, 12/350, 24/350, the Phoenix
Inverter C models and the MultiPlus C models an interface cable is needed (MPPT 70/15 to
inverter remote on-off cable, article number ASS030550100, see figure 5).

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3.7 Battery charging information
The charge controller starts a new charge cycle every morning, when the sun starts shining.
The maximum duration of the absorption period is determined by the battery voltage
measured just before the solar charger starts up in the morning:
Battery voltage Vb (@start-up) Maximum absorption time
Vb < 23,8V 6h
23,8V < Vb < 24,4V 4h
24,4V < Vb < 25,2V 2h
Vb > 25,2V 1h
(divide voltages by 2 for a 12V system)
If the absorption period is interrupted due to a cloud or due to a power hungry load, the
absorption process will resume when absorption voltage is reached again later that day,
until the absorption period has been completed.
The absorption period also ends when the output current of the solar charger drops to less
than 1 Amp, not because of low solar array output but because the battery is fully charged
(tail current cut off).
This algorithm prevents over charge of the battery due to daily absorption charging when
the system operates without load or with a small load.
3.8 VE.Direct communication port
Several parameters can be customized (VE.Direct to USB cable, ASS030530000, and a
computer needed). See the data communication white paper on our website.
The required software can be downloaded from
http://www.victronenergy.nl/support-and-downloads/software/
The charge controller can be connected the to a Color Control panel, BPP000300100R, with
a VE.Direct to VE.Direct cable.

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EN NL FR DE ES SE Appendix
4. Troubleshooting
Problem
Possible cause
Solution
Charger does not
function
Reversed PV connection
Connect PV correctly
No fuse inserted
Insert 20A fuse
Blown fuse
Reversed battery connection
1. Connect battery correctly
2. Replace fuse
The battery is not
fully charged
A bad battery connection
Check battery connection
Cable losses too high
Use cables with larger cross
section
Large ambient temperature
difference between charger
and battery (Tambient_chrg >
Tambient_batt)
Make sure that ambient
conditions are equal for charger
and battery
Only for a 24V system:
wrong system voltage
chosen (12V instead of 24V)
by the charge controller
Disconnect PV and battery, after
making sure that the battery
voltage is at least >19V,
reconnect properly
The battery is
being
overcharged
A battery cell is defect
Replace battery
Large ambient temperature
difference between charger
and battery (Tambient_chrg <
Tambient_batt)
Make sure that ambient
conditions are equal for charger
and battery
Load output does
not become active
Maximum current limit
exceeded
Make sure that the output
current does not exceed 15A
DC load in combination with
capacitive load (e.g.
inverter) applied
Disconnect DC load during start-
up of the capacitive load
Disconnect AC load from the
inverter, or connect inverter as
explained in section 3.6
Short-circuit
Check for short-circuit in the
load connection

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5 Specifications
BlueSolar charge controller MPPT 100/15
Battery voltage
12/24 V Auto Select
Maximum battery current 15A
Nominal PV power, 12V 1a,b) 220W
Nominal PV power, 24V 1a,b)
440W
Max. PV short circuit current 2)
20A
Automatic load disconnect
Yes, maximum load 15A
Maximum PV open circuit voltage
100V
Peak efficiency
98%
Self consumption 10mA
Charge voltage 'absorption'
14,4V / 28,8V
(adjustable)
Charge voltage 'float'
13,8V / 27,6V
(adjustable)
Charge algorithm
multi-stage adaptive
Temperature compensation
-16mV / °C resp. -32mV / °C
Continuous/peak load current
15A / 50A
Low voltage load disconnect
11,1V / 22,2V or 11,8V / 23,6V
or BatteryLife algorithm
Low voltage load reconnect
13,1V / 26,2V or 14V / 28V
or BatteryLife algorithm
Protection
Battery reverse polarity (fuse)
Output short circuit / Over temperature
Operating temperature -30 to +60°C (full rated output up to 40°C)
Humidity
100%, non-condensing
Maximum altitude
2000m
Environmental condition
Indoor, unconditioned
Pollution degree
PD3
Data communication port
VE.Direct
See the data communication white paper on our website
ENCLOSURE
Colour
Blue (RAL 5012)
Power terminals
6mm² / AWG10
Protection category
IP43 (electronic components)
IP22 (connection area)
Weight
0,4kg
Dimensions (h x w x d)
100 x 113 x 47mm
STANDARDS
Safety EN/IEC 62109
1a) If more PV power is connected, the controller will limit input power
1b) PV voltage must exceed Vbat + 5V for the controller to start.
Thereafter minimum PV voltage is Vbat + 1V.
2) A PV array with a higher short circuit current may damage the controller.