Volvo EC15E User manual

EC15E, EC18E, ECR18E, EC20E
EC15E, EC18E, ECR18E, EC20E
PUB 20051662-A 2018.09 English
English
Operator’s Manual
Operator’s Manual
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ADVERTENCIA: Respirar los gases del escape de
motores a diésel le expone a químicos conocidos por el
Estado de California como causantes de cáncer y defectos
de nacimiento u otros daños reproductivos.
• Siempre encienda y opere el motor en un área bien
ventilada.
• Si es en un área cerrada, ventile el orificio del escape
hacia el exterior.
• No modifique ni altere el sistema de escape.
• No encienda el motor, excepto cuando sea necesario.
Para mayor información visite
www.P65warnings.ca.gov/diesel.
WARNING: Breathing diesel engine exhaust exposes you
to chemicals known to the State of California to cause cancer
and birth defects or other reproductive harm.
• Always start and operate the engine in a well-ventilated
area.
• If in an enclosed area, vent the exhaust to the outside.
• Do not modify or tamper with the exhaust system.
• Do not idle the engine except as necessary.
For more information go to www.P65warnings.ca.gov/diesel.
WARNING: Operating, servicing and maintaining a
passenger vehicle or offroad vehicle can expose you to
chemicals including engine exhaust, carbon monoxide,
phthalates, and lead, which are known to the State of
California to cause cancer and birth defects or other
reproductive harm. To minimize exposure, avoid breathing
exhaust, do not idle the engine except as necessary,
service your vehicle in a well-ventilated area and wear
gloves or wash your hands frequently when servicing your
vehicle. For more information go to
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/passenger-vehicle.
ADVERTENCIA: Operar, dar servicio y mantenimiento a
un vehículo de pasajeros o vehículo todo terreno puede
exponerle a químicos incluyendo gases del escape,
monóxido de carbono, ftalatos y plomo, los cuales son
conocidos por el Estado de California como causantes de
cáncer y defectos de nacimiento u otros daños reproductivos.
Para minimizar la exposición, evite respirar los gases del
escape, no encienda el motor excepto si es necesario, dé
servicio a su vehículo en un área bien ventilada y utilice
guantes o lave sus manos frecuentemente cuando dé
servicio a su vehículo. Para mayor información visite
www.P65Warnings.ca.gov/passenger-vehicle.
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Foreword
This operator's manual is intended as a guide for the correct
use and maintenance of the machine. Read this manual
carefully before you start and move the machine or before you
carry out any preventive maintenance.
Keep this manual in the lockable storage compartment so that
it is always available for easy reference. Replace it
immediately if it is lost.
The operator's manual describes the applications for which the
machine was primarily designed. It has been written to be valid
on all markets. Therefore, please ignore any sections which
do not relate to your machine or to the work that you do with
your machine.
NOTE!
If the manual covers more than one machine, the information
relates to all machines unless otherwise specified.
When designing this machine, much time has been invested
in achieving the best possible efficiency and safety. But
accidents do happen, and most of them can be attributed to
human error. A safety-conscious person and a well-
maintained machine make up a reliable, powerful, and
profitable combination. Therefore, read the safety instructions
and follow them.
We constantly strive to develop and improve the efficiency of
our products by making changes to their design. We reserve
the right to make design modifications to the products even
after they have been delivered. Also, we reserve the right to
change data and equipment, as well as the service and
maintenance instructions, without prior notice.
OPERATOR'S MANUAL
Table of contents
Presentation
Instrument panels
Other controls
Operating instructions
Operating techniques
Safety when servicing
Maintenance
Specifications
Alphabetical index
EC15E/EC18E/EC20E/ECR18E
Ref. No. 20051662-A
The original language is English. Original instructions.
2018.09
Copyright © 2018, Volvo Construction Equipment. All rights reserved.

Safety regulations
The machine operator is responsible for being aware of and
complying with the relevant, legally prescribed, national and
regional safety instructions. The safety instructions in this
operator's manual are applicable only in cases where no
legislated safety instructions are in force.
DANGER
The safety symbol combined with this signal word indicates a
hazardous situation which, if not avoided,
will result in death
or serious injury.
Danger is limited to the most extreme
situations.
WARNING
The safety symbol combined with this signal word indicates a
hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
death
or serious injury
.
CAUTION
The safety symbol combined with this signal word indicates a
hazardous situation which, if not avoided, could result in
moderate or minor injury .
NOTICE
Indicates a potentially hazardous situation which may result in
machine damage.
NOTE!
Used in order to refer to installation, operating, or maintenance
information which is important but not danger-related.
Get to know the capacity and limits of your machine!
2Foreword

Identification numbers
Enter the identification number of machine and machine parts. This number must be
specified when contacting the manufacturer to order spare parts. Positions and
explanation of the PIN plates, see page
20 .
Manufacturer: Volvo Construction Equipment sas
rue Pierre Pingon
BP 01303 Belley Cedex
France
PIN (Product Identification Number) of
machine:
Engine:
Foreword
Identification numbers 3

Table of contents
Foreword ................................................ 1
Identification numbers ..................................... 3
Presentation ........................................... 9
Machine view ................................................ 14
CE-marking, EMC-directive .......................... 15
Communication equipment, installation ........ 18
Safety components ....................................... 19
Product plates ............................................... 20
Information and warning decals .................... 21
USA federal clean air act .............................. 27
Instrument panels ................................. 30
Instrument panel, left .................................... 31
Display unit ................................................... 34
Instrument panel, right .................................. 38
Other controls ....................................... 45
Controls ........................................................ 45
ROPS ............................................................ 54
Operator comfort ........................................... 56
Operating instructions ........................... 64
Safety rules when operating ......................... 68
Measures before operating ........................... 73
Starting engine .............................................. 74
Stopping ........................................................ 78
Parking .......................................................... 79
Retrieving and towing ................................... 82
Attachments, alternative lowering ................. 83
Transporting machine ................................... 85
Table of contents
5

Operating techniques ........................... 91
Eco driving .................................................... 92
Whole-body vibrations .................................. 93
Rules for digging ........................................... 95
Working within dangerous areas .................. 96
Attachments ................................................ 106
Attachments, connecting and
disconnecting .............................................. 108
Attachment brackets ................................... 109
Hydraulic attachment bracket ..................... 112
Pressure release ......................................... 114
Buckets ....................................................... 115
Offset boom ................................................ 116
Special hydraulics ....................................... 118
Hammer ...................................................... 119
Hose rupture valves .................................... 125
Tracks ......................................................... 126
Lifting objects .............................................. 127
Signalling diagram ...................................... 132
Safety when servicing ......................... 135
Service position .......................................... 136
Before service, read .................................... 137
Entering, leaving and climbing the machine 140
Fire prevention ............................................ 141
Handling hazardous materials .................... 144
Handling line, tubes and hoses ................... 147
Maintenance ....................................... 148
Lubrication and service chart ...................... 151
Maintenance service, every 10 hours ......... 157
Maintenance service, every 50 hours ......... 160
Maintenance service, every 250 hours ....... 161
Maintenance service, every 500 hours ....... 163
Maintenance service, every 1000 hours ..... 165
Maintenance service, when required .......... 166
6Table of contents

Specifications ..................................... 179
Recommended lubricants ........................... 179
Fuel system ................................................ 184
Service capacities and change intervals ..... 190
Engine ......................................................... 191
Electrical system ......................................... 192
Cab ............................................................. 195
Hydraulic system ........................................ 197
Specifications .............................................. 198
Machine weights ......................................... 199
Ground pressure ......................................... 200
Dimensions ................................................. 201
Working ranges ........................................... 204
Digging forces ............................................. 206
Lifting capacities ......................................... 207
Hammer ...................................................... 227
Service history ............................................ 228
Alphabetical index .............................. 233
Table of contents
7

Presentation
V1200431
Intended use
The machine is intended to be used under normal
conditions for the applications described in this
manual. If it is used for other purposes or in
potentially dangerous environments, for example
explosive atmosphere, flammable environment or
areas with dust containing asbestos and so on,
special safety regulations must be followed and the
machine be equipped for such use. Contact the
manufacturer / dealer for further information.
Environmental requirements
Be aware of the environment when operating and
during service and maintenance of the machine.
Always follow local and national environmental
legislation applicable to all handling of the machine.
Engine
The Volvo engine is a 3-cylinder D0.9A type diesel
engine with water cooling.
Electrical system
The machine might have six electronic units:
- I-ECU (Display/instrument control unit)
- A-ECU (Immobiliser system, anti-theft, optional)
Presentation
9

- K-ECU (Immobiliser system, anti-theft key pad,
optional)
- W-ECU (CareTrack control unit, optional)
- W-ECU 2 (Track unit, optional)
The display unit shows information, e.g machine
status, control lamps, gauges, settings and
information/warning lights.
To select various functions there are two instrument
panels with switches and controls. Activation and
control of the excavating functions is mostly done
with the buttons on the control levers.
Most of the relays and fuses are grouped in the
electrical box under the cover on the left side of the
machine, close to the battery disconnect switch.
Cab
The cab is approved as a protective structure
according to the following standards:
- TOPS (Tip-Over Protective Structure), ISO
12117 / EN13531
- ROPS (Roll Over Protective Structure), ISO 3471
- OPG (Operator Protective Guard) Level 1 on top,
ISO 10262
The OPG level 2 is an option.
These tests are based on the heaviest machine
weight configuration, unless otherwise stated.
If any part of the cab’s protective structure is
affected by plastic deformation or rupture, the cab
shall be immediately replaced.
If the machine is equipped with a cab, i.e. with side
windows and side door, it will have heating and
ventilation. The rear window can be broken with an
emergency hammer and used as an emergency
exit.
Never carry out any unauthorised alterations to the
cab without first, through a dealer, having discussed
the alteration with personnel at the Volvo
Construction Equipment Engineering Department.
This department will decide whether the alteration
may cause the TOPS-, ROPS- and OPG-approval
to become void.
10 Presentation

Hydraulic system
Closed circuit hydraulic load-sensing system,
allowing full independence of the individual
movements.
Equipment
The machine can be provided with different types
of optional equipment, depending on the
requirements of different markets. Examples of
such equipment are attachment quick coupler and
hydraulic breaker.
Modifications
Modifications of this machine, including the use of
unauthorized attachments, accessories, units, or
parts, may affect the machine's integrity (condition)
and/or the machine's ability to function in the way
for which it is designed. Persons or organizations
performing unauthorized modifications assume all
responsibility for consequences that arise due to
modifications or can be attributed to modifications,
including damaging affect to the machine.
No modifications of any kind may be performed on
this product unless each specific modification first
has been approved in writing by Volvo Construction
Equipment. Volvo Construction Equipment
reserves the right to reject all warranty claims that
have arisen due to or can be traced to unauthorized
modifications.
Unauthorised modifications on the upperframe can
have an influence on the ROPS protection system
which is intended to secure the driver in case of an
accident.
Modifications may be considered to be officially
approved, if at least one of the following conditions
has been met:
1 The attachment, the accessory, the unit, or the
part has been manufactured or distributed by
Volvo Construction Equipment and has been
installed according to the factory-approved
method described in a publication available from
Volvo Construction Equipment; or
2 The modification has been approved in writing
by the Engineering Department for the relevant
product line at Volvo Construction Equipment.
Presentation
11

Travel system
The travel motion is accomplished through the main
chassis via two rubber tracks. The tracks for
EC18E, ECR18E and EC20E are each driven by a
two speed travel motor. The tracks for EC15E are
each driven by a one speed travel motor.
Slewing system
The slewing ring is driven by a hydraulic motor,
which is protected against excess pressure by high
pressure relief valves.
Anti-theft device
(optional equipment)
An installed anti-theft device makes it more difficult
to steal the machine. Volvo CE supplies anti-theft
devices as optional equipment. If your machine is
not yet equipped with one, check the possibilities of
having such a device installed by a qualified service
technician.
CareTrack
(optional equipment)
The machine may be equipped with CareTrack, a
telematics system developed by Volvo
Construction Equipment.
The system stores machine data, e.g. machine
position, operating hours, daily usage hours, that
can be sent by wireless transmission to a computer.
The service history can be reviewed on a secure
website and service reminders can be sent both by
email and on a mobile phone. Part changes can be
planned for specific wear parts and reminders can
be send when the changes are due.
The geofence and timefence functionality gives the
opportunity to decide in which geographical
boundaries and at which times the machine must
operate. An alarm can be send by email or to a
mobile phone if it breaks those rules.
CareTrack makes it easier to plan for service and
reduces costly downtime.
It also allows the customer to restrict the operating
area of the machine, by using virtual fences. This
helps to eliminate unauthorized machine use and
theft. CareTrack is available in different versions,
12 Presentation

depending on the required information level. For
further information contact a Volvo Construction
Equipment dealer.
The CareTrack system transmits data, in the same
way a mobile phone does, with a maximum output
rate of 10 W. The transmitter is always on and the
operator cannot switch it off.
Local precautions and restrictions applicable to
mobile phones, for example safety distance, also
apply to the CareTrack system.
Tool kit
(optional equipment)
The tool kit is located under the seat and consists
of following tools:
1 2
3
4
5
V1139940
Tools of the tool kit
1 Wrench with different sizes of nuts
2 Grease gun (3) with cartridge (4) and extension (5)
Presentation
13

Machine view
V1200432
1
2
3
4 5 7
6
9
8
10111214
15
13
1 Bucket 9 Travel motor
2 Bucket cylinder 10 Undercarriage
3 Dipper arm 11 Tracks
4 Dipper arm cylinder 12 Superstructure
5 Boom 13 Boom offset cylinder
6 Boom cylinder 14 Dozer blade
7 Working lights 15 Dozer blade cylinder
8 Rear hood (Engine hood)
14 Presentation Machine view

CE-marking, EMC-directive
CE marking
(Declaration of Conformity : Only applies to
machines marketed within the EU/EEA.)
This machine is CE marked. This means that when
delivered the machine meets the applicable
"Essential Health and Safety Requirements", which
are given in the EU Machinery Safety Directive,
2006/42/EC.
Any person carrying out changes that affect the
safety of the machine, is also responsible for the
same.
As proof that the requirements are met, the
machine is supplied with an EU Declaration of
Conformity, issued by Volvo CE for each separate
machine. This EU declaration also covers
attachments manufactured by Volvo CE. The
documentation is a valuable document, which
should be kept safe and retained for at least ten
years. The document should always accompany
the machine when it is sold.
If the machine is used for other purposes or with
other attachments than described in this manual,
safety must at all times and in each separate case
be maintained. The person carrying out such action
is also responsible for the action which, in some
cases, may require a new CE marking and the issue
of a new EU Declaration of Conformity.
V1067840
Presentation
CE-marking, EMC-directive 15

EU EMC Directive
The electronic equipment of the machine may in
some cases cause interference to other electronic
equipment, or suffer from external electromagnetic
interference, which may constitute safety risks.
The EU EMC directive about "Electromagnetic
compatibility", 2014/30/EU, provides a general
description of what demands can be made on the
machine out of a safety point of view, where
permitted limits have been determined and given
according to international standards.
A machine or device which meets the requirements
should be CE marked. Our machines have been
tested particularly for electromagnetic interference.
The CE marking of the machine and the declaration
of conformity also cover the EMC directive.
If other electronic equipment is fitted to this
machine, the equipment must be CE marked and
tested on the machine with regard to
electromagnetic interference.
16 Presentation CE-marking, EMC-directive

EU conformity certificate
We, the manufacturer
Volvo Construction Equipment sas
Rue Pierre Pingon
BP 01303 Belley Cedex
France
The technical documentation is maintained by:
Mr. Frédéric Broizat, Volvo Construction
Equipment, Belley France
declare that the following equipment
Excavator
Model Serial
Number Output Representative Sound Power
Level (LWA)
Guaranteed
Sound Power
Level (LWA)
Year of
CE-
Marking
EC15E
11.8 kW 93 dB(A) 93 dB(A)
EC18E
ECR18E
EC20E
complies with the following relevant directives:
- EC Directive "Machinery" 2006/42/EU
- EC Directive "Noise Emission" 2000/14/EU
- EC Directive "EMC" 2014/30/EU
- As well as EC Directive "Low Voltage"
2014/35/EU for electric heating / electric
generator
Applied harmonized standards especially:
- EN 474-1 and EN 474-5
- The EN and ISO Standards specified under
Chapter 2 of EN 474-1 and EN 474-5
The assessment of conformity method used to
determine the guaranteed sound power level
complies with Article 14 item 3 of Directive 2000/14/
EU.
Certified European institute, Cofrac 1-0606,
LNE – France 1, rue Gaston Boissier 75724 Paris
Cédex 15
Belley, <dd.mm.yyyy>
<N. N.>
General Manager
Volvo Construction Equipment sas
Presentation
CE-marking, EMC-directive 17

Communication equipment,
installation
NOTICE
All installation of optional electronic communication
equipment must be performed by trained
professionals and in accordance with the Volvo
Construction Equipment instructions.
Protection against electromagnetic interference
This machine has been tested according to EU's
directive 2014/30/EC that regulates
electromagnetic interference. Therefore, it is very
important that all non-approved electronic
accessories, such as communication equipment,
are tested before they are installed and used, since
they may interfere with the machine's electronic
system.
Guidelines for installing aerial
The guide lines listed below must be followed
during installation:
The position of the aerial must be selected to
provide satisfactory adaptation to the surrounding
area.
The aerial downlead must be of the coaxial cable
type. Make sure that the cable is undamaged, that
the screen is not split at the ends and that it
thoroughly surrounds the contact sheaths and
has good galvanic contact with the same.
The surface between the mounting bracket for the
aerial and the point of attachment must be free
from dirt and oxide. Apply corrosion protection to
the surfaces after installation so that good
galvanic contact is maintained.
Take care to separate cables that may cause
interference from those which may suffer
interference. Cables that may cause interference
are voltage feed cables and the aerial cable to the
communication equipment. Cables that may
suffer from interference are connecting cables for
the electronics of the machine. Install cables as
close as possible to plate surfaces which are
connected to ground (earthed), as these have a
screening effect.
18 Presentation Communication equipment, installation