Waterite BLACKMAXX RB8 User manual

RB8 BLACKMAXX™
Advanced Reverse Osmosis System
OPERATOR’S MANUAL
BLACKMAXX™ RB8 COMPACT MUNICIPAL RO SYSTEMS
THIS MANUAL IS TO BE LEFT WITH THE OWNER OF THE EQUIPMENT FOR
REFERENCE PURPOSES AND TECHNICAL GUIDANCE. IT IS STRONGLY
RECOMMENDED THAT QUALIFIED DEALER SERVICE PERSONNEL BE CONTACTED
IN THE EVENT OF AN UNKNOWN INTERRUPTION OF SERVICE OR APPARENT
PRODUCT MALFUNCTION. AN ANNUAL PREVENTATIVE MAINTENANCE
INSPECTION BY A WATER PROFESSIONAL IS RECOMMENDED TO ENSURE
TROUBLE-FREE AND CONTINUOUS OPERATION.
www.waterite.com
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Congratulations!
Thank you for purchasing a Waterite RB8 Series Reverse Osmosis
System. It will provide years of reliable service if properly installed,
operated and maintained. Please read this entire manual before
attempting installation and operation.
Section 1. Frequently Asked Questions
Before getting started, take the time to familiarize yourself with your new Waterite system by
reading some FAQs listed below. Call us or ask your dealer if you have any other questions
about your system’s operation.
Q: How does the BlackMaxx™ RB8 Reverse Osmosis System differ from an ordinary water
filter?
Ordinary water filters use a screen to separate only particles of dirt and sediment from the raw water
source. Reverse osmosis employs a semi-permeable membrane that removes not only particles
but also a very high percentage of dissolved contaminants, molecule by molecule, from your raw
water. Your system will deliver pure, refined water consistently to the designated storage tank or
water distribution equipment.
Q: What is the membrane and how does it work?
The membrane element consists of several thin layers or sheets of film that are bonded together
and rolled in a spiral configuration around a plastic tube. As the raw water passes across the surface
of the membrane, only pure water molecules are allowed to pass through and collect in the tube,
while all other mineral and contaminant molecules are rejected and washed from the surface of the
membrane to the drain.
Q: What processes does the BlackMaxx™ RB8 RO system use?
RB8 systems use two stages of treatment to produce high-purity product water. The feed water first
flows through a 5-micron polypropylene filter used to reduce suspended particles. The second stage
is the reverse osmosis membrane(s) that separates most dissolved contaminants from the water
molecules. These standard processes will probably be augmented with additional pre/post treatment
processes, depending on your raw water source.
Q: Will reverse osmosis remove sodium chloride and other salts from the water?
Yes. Reverse osmosis was originally developed to make drinking water from seawater. Your system
is equipped with a membrane that will be very effective in reducing sodium levels normally found in
ground water or softened water. RB8 BlackMaxx™ systems are not designed for use on
seawater.
Q: Does reverse osmosis remove bacteria? Cryptosporidium? Viruses?
Reverse osmosis membranes will virtually eliminate most chemicals, bacteria, viruses and parasites
such as Cryptosporidium from the water. Where these conditions exist, pre-filters and other system
components located before the membrane will become contaminated from exposure to them. Cross
contamination of the entire system may occur when the membrane or filters are changed or
disturbed.

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!
THIS REVERSE OSMOSIS WATER SYSTEM IS DESIGNED ONLY TO IMPROVE AESTHETIC
PROPERTIES AND IS NOT DESIGNED TO ACT AS A PRIMARY BARRIER TO WATERBORNE
MICROBIOLOGICAL OR TOXIC CHEMICAL CONTAMINATION. WHERE THESE CONDITIONS
MAY EXIST CONSULT A WATER PROFESSIONAL TO ENSURE SUFFICIENT RAW WATER
PRE-TREATMENT AND DISINFECTION.
Q: What other contaminants does reverse osmosis remove?
The combined filtering and RO processes in your system will remove more than 98% of many organic
compounds, including THMS (chloroforms), DBCP, lindane, TCE (trichloroethylene), PCE
(tetrachloroethylene), carbon tetrachloride and chlorine. Very conservatively, a TFC membrane will
remove the following percentages of contaminants: Barium 97%, Potassium 92%, Bicarbonate 94%,
Radium 97%, Cadmium 97%, Selenium 97%, Calcium 97%, Silicates 96%, Chromium 92%, Silver
85%, Copper 97%, Sodium 92%, Detergents 97%, Strontium 97%, Fluoride 90%, Sulphates 97%,
Lead 97%, PCBS 97%, Magnesium 97%, Insecticides 97%, Nickel 97%, Herbicides 97%, Nitrates
80%, Total Dissolved Solids 97%.
Q: Where is the system installed?
Each application will require access to the feed water source, electrical power and a drain for the
wastewater to be routed to. The system should be protected from the elements and at all times
protected from freezing. If the system is used to provide water to a critical piece of equipment, you
may consider protection from power surges and lightning strikes.
Q: What factors affect the quantity and the quality of the water produced?
1. Pressure: The greater the RO system pressure, the greater the water quantity that will be
produced by the membrane. Your BlackMaxx™ RB8 unit has been equipped with ultra- low
energy membrane(s) that are designed to operate at a minimum system pressure of 100 psi.
(7.0 kg/cm²) and a maximum of 250 psi depending on the model (17.6kg/cm²). Do not
attempt to operate your system at pressures exceeding your systems designed maximum,
as damage to the systems piping, membranes may result.
2. Temperature: Production increases with temperature, standard ratings established at 25°C.
Never operate the system from the hot water line or with water exceeding 30°C, as this will
damage the membrane and internal components. For short periods of time during cleaning
a temperature not exceeding 35°C may be used
3. Membrane type: BlackMaxx™ RB8 systems use premium quality TFC (Thin Film Composite)
membranes, specifically chosen for general commercial applications. Please contact your
dealer or Waterite for information on special application or nanofiltration membranes.
4. TDS: The higher the Total Dissolved Solids in the raw water, the lower the rate of output of
product water and the lower the system overall recovery rate.
Q: How much water does the BlackMaxx™ RB8 system produce?
All BlackMaxx™ RB8 systems use membranes nominally rated for 10,000 GPD. Actual output will
be dependent upon the factors explained above. In optimal applications (low feed water TDS, feed
water >=25°C, you may expect 9500-10000 USG from each membrane to be available over 24
hours.
Q: Can the amount of total water produced be increased?
Once the system has been set for optimal operation, the overall water available for consumption
over a set period of time will be increased by increasing the storage capacity. This will increase the
time available for the unit to produce water in off-peak hours (instead of standing idle), and more
storage capacity to be available in peak hours when water usage may exceed production capacity,
for short intervals.

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Q: What is the standard warranty with the BlackMaxx™ RB8 system?
Every BlackMaxx™ RB8 system comes with a standard one-year limited warranty on all parts and
shop repair labour, freight excluded. See section 5 in this manual for details on components with
limited warranty coverage.
Q: What is the maintenance schedule for the BlackMaxx™ RB8 system?
A good rule of thumb is to replace the pre-filters every 2 weeks in commercial applications. Consider
changing them weekly (or daily) when in continuous use or when used with untreated water sources.
Dependent upon feed water quality, your membrane(s) should have a life expectancy of 3-5 years.
More severe water conditions (iron, hardness) may shorten this significantly; soft water sources may
allow a membrane life of up to 8 years. See Section 5.
Q: When should the membrane(s) be cleaned or changed?
If you notice gradually decreasing production from your system, differing taste to your drinking water
or water analysis indicate a rising TDS, it probably means that your membrane(s) are deteriorating
and are losing effectiveness. You may purchase a pocket or full-featured TDS meter from your
dealer - this is the best way to gauge your RO’s operation.
Where the RO is used as a pre-treatment for a process requiring water to exact standards, you
should adopt a regular ongoing sampling and testing procedure to ensure compliance, as product
water will vary with the quality of the RO feed water. The RB8 systems are equipped with online,
continuous reading TDS monitors on the permeate, feed water lines. These are highly accurate
instruments that have 4-20ma outputs for recording and alarm purposes. Calibration of the sensors
should be done twice a year.
Membrane cleaning is a site-specific operation. Depending on the raw water quality, every 3 months
is a good starting point. If the membranes are not losing production, or TDS is rising, this time frame
can be increased. In industrial applications, the membranes should be cleaned at least every 3
months.
Section 2. Designing your installation
Your reverse osmosis system is designed to operate with feed water quality parameters that fall in
a specific range. The lifespan of the membranes and the ability of the system to produce water in
the required volume will depend largely on the feed water that is delivered to the system.
Step 1. Start with a thorough water analysis
Every successful installation begins with a full analysis of the raw water source. Testing should
measure the following:
Total Hardness: This measures the calcium and magnesium hardness in the water.
Hardness in excess of 6 grains/gallon (103 mg/l) must be pre-treated by softening or
feeding an anti-scalant. Failure to do so will cause premature failure of the membrane
through non-organic mineral scaling.
Total Iron: Iron is another common membrane foulant. Found in many water supplies,
it's particularly prevalent in supplies drawn from wells. In its ferrous state (Fe+2), it's
soluble. However, when it's oxidized to its ferric state (Fe+3), it's insoluble and forms a
precipitate. Concentrations in excess of .05 ppm must be pre-treated with an iron remover
(concentrations > 2 ppm) or combination softener*(for iron concentrations < 2 ppm);
otherwise premature membrane and system equipment failure through iron deposit
fouling will result.

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Manganese: Manganese is a commonly occurring mineral found in ground water.
Manganese will leave black, scaly deposits and will eventually foul membranes in
concentrations greater than .05 ppm. Manganese must be treated with a manganese
greensand filter, regenerated with potassium permanganate.
*When softeners are used for iron reduction, be sure to fit your softener with a resin bed
cleaner to assist in the flushing of iron deposits from the resin bed during backwashing
and regeneration.
Hydrogen Sulphide: Most commonly, hydrogen sulphide is known for its “rotten egg”
odour. In addition to having an objectionable odour, it is highly corrosive and will damage
plumbing and equipment. At lower concentrations (< 1 ppm) it can be removed with an
air injection (Paterson type) iron removal system. At levels exceeding 1 ppm it will need
to be treated with a potassium permanganate regenerated, manganese greensand filter.
Nitrates: The presence of nitrates in the water is usually an indicator for other problems
with the water source. Nitrates are a by-product of the decomposition of organic material
that may include sewage or run-off from septic systems. Surface runoff containing
fertilizers will also be high in nitrates. The source of the nitrates should be found and
eliminated – feed water should be treated with nitrate-selective ion exchange resins to
reduce nitrates to < 5 mg/l.
Tannins and Lignin: These are organic materials that are often contained in surface
water and shallow well water. Their origin is the natural decomposition of plant matter
and tree barks, leaving a brown colour ranging from a pale yellow to dark amber. Feed
water tannins must be pre-treated to levels < .5 mg/l to avoid membrane fouling. This is
usually achieved through the use of organic scavenging ion exchange resin (polystyrene
or polyacrylic), regenerated with salt.
Chlorine: Feed water should be essentially free of chlorine (< .1 ppm), as TFC
membranes are easily damaged by chronic chlorine exposure. This is an important
consideration when municipal water is used as the feed water source. Pre-treatment by
carbon filtration is very effective for chlorine reduction – carbon eventually becomes
exhausted and must be replaced to ensure continuous filtration. If stabilized chlorine is
present, size your carbon filter 2 to 3 times larger than for unstabilized chlorine to ensure
removal. Consider installing a post-carbon filter test port for ease of sampling.
Organic and microbiological activity: Raw water sources, particularly surface water,
often contain algae and naturally occurring bacteria. Ground water may contain sulphur
or iron reducing bacteria or may be contaminated with other more dangerous strains of
coliforms or E. coli. These must be treated to avoid contamination or fouling of the pre-
treatment systems or membrane element(s).
pH: Most membrane manufacturers recommend a pH range between 3.0 and 11.0 for
the membrane element. We recommend that the system operate at between 5.5 and
9.5, to minimize the effects of extremely acidic or scale-forming water at either ends of
the range. Extremes in pH will be harder on your system, either causing premature
corrosion on metallic parts or scaling internal components upstream from the membrane,
and likely the membrane itself. Keep in mind that reverse osmosis lowers the pH of the
feed water, by up to 1.5, depending on the water chemistry. This will be a consideration
for the end use of product water and for the vessels and plumbing system that will be
used to store and control it.

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Turbidity: This is the term describes suspended particulate in the raw water. Low-level
turbidity (.5NTU) is treated by the sediment cartridges that your RO system has been
equipped with. Reduction of turbidity is necessary to avoid fouling your membrane and
damaging your drive pump. Make sure that your pre-filters are changed regularly and
that quality Excelpure 5-micron cartridges are used as replacements. The SDI (silt
density index) on feed water reaching the membrane must be kept < 5 to assure long
membrane life.
Other contaminants that can affect performance
Barium, Calcium, Potassium, Magnesium, Sodium, Ammonium, Strontium, Bromide,
Chloride, Fluoride, Bicarbonate, Sulphate, Phosphate, Silica, Total Alkalinity, Total
Dissolved Solids, Temperature and Silt Density Index (SDI)
Consult your local Waterite Inc. dealer once testing and system requirements have been determined.
They can help you to properly size your system for current demands and future expansion.
Step 2. Plan your pre-treatment strategy
Pre-treating feed water can lengthen the life of membrane elements, improve the quality of the water
produced and reduce the amount of maintenance and cleaning a system requires.
The importance of feed water conditions is evident when you examine how crossflow membranes
work. In simple terms, a crossflow filtration system separates an influent stream into two effluent
streams - the permeate and the concentrate. Permeate is the portion of the fluid that has passed
through the semi-permeable membrane. The concentrate stream, contains constituents that have
been rejected by the membrane.
An inherent advantage of crossflow filtration is its ability to continuously operate in a self-cleaning
mode. It's self-cleaning because suspended solids and rejected solutes are constantly swept away
from the membrane surface. Membrane fouling occurs when materials from the feed stream collect
on or near the membrane surface and restrict water permeation. Fouling may occur as layers of
deposition on the surface of the membrane (cake fouling), a hardened layer on the membrane
surface (scale), particle insertion into the pore channel or entrance (pore blockage), or chemical
attachment of particles to the membrane (adsorption).
You will note that many of the prescribed treatments for various raw water conditions will be effective
in treating more than one problem. Where multiple pre-treatment requirements are necessary,
consult with a water treatment professional to design a pre-treatment system, that will meet your
necessary needs, most economically.

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Use the pre-treatment summary below to prescribe the necessary pre-treatment where your water
analysis indicates parameters outside of the recommended range:
Pre-Treatment Summary Chart
Recommended
Feed Water
Range
Potential
Effect Pre-Treatment Solution Waterite Models
TDS
< 3000 ppm
Reduced production rate
Increased salt passage Replace water source Call your dealer
T. Hardness
< 6 grains/gal
(103 mg/l)
Scaling of membrane surface
Reduced production rate
Automatic Softener
Anti-Scalant Feed
System
A Series
Fusion²
Magnum
RS Series
Contact
Your
Waterite
Dealer
Total Iron
< .05 ppm
Reduced production rate
Fouling of membrane surface
Iron deposits in equipment
Iron Remover (> 5 ppm)
Softener (levels < 5 ppm)
Paterson
I.R.
Premier
Magnum
Tannins
< .5 ppm
Reduced production rate
Fouling of membrane surface
Softener with organic
scavenger resin
A Series
Fusion²
RS series
Magnum
Chlorine
< .1 ppm
Permanent membrane
damage
Increased salt passage
Carbon Filter
CF Series
Excelclear
Carbon
pH
5.5 – 9.5
Internal corrosion
Lime scaling in equipment
Plumbing damage
Replace water source
Adjust pH
Call your
dealer
Organic or
Microbiological
Activity
0
Reduced production rate
Fouling of membrane surface
Sliming of pre-treatment
equipment, odour
UV Disinfection followed
by 1-micron filtration
Well chlorination
Excelight
UV
Systems
WellPro
Manganese
<. 05 ppm
Reduced production rate
Fouling of membrane surface
Manganese Greensand
Filter
MG Series
MT Series
Hydrogen
Sulphide
0
“Rotten egg” odour
Internal corrosion
Iron Remover (<1 ppm)
Manganese Greensand
Filter (> 1 ppm)
Paterson
I.R.
MG Series
Turbidity
SDI < 5.0
Reduced production rate
Plugging of membrane
Rotary vane pump damage
Multimedia Filter
Pre-treatment cartridges
MF Series
Excelpure

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!
TEST THAT THE PRE-TREATMENT SYSTEM IS DELIVERING RO FEED WATER TO
NECESSARY SPECIFICATIONS BEFORE PLUMBING THE RO SYSTEM ONLINE.
!
ALWAYS ALLOW NEW SOFTENING SYSTEMS INSTALLED TO PRE-TREAT AN RO SYSTEM
TO START ON THE BACKWASH/REGENERATION/RINSE CYCLE. OPERATE THE SOFTENER
OFF-LINE UNTIL WATER RUNS CLEAR BEFORE USING IT TO PROVIDE RO FEED WATER.
THIS PROCEDURE ALSO APPLIES TO NEW RESIN BED INSTALLATIONS. COLOUR THROW
FROM NEW RESIN BEDS MAY DAMAGE OR FOUL RO MEMBRANES.
!
WATERITE DOES NOT RECOMMEND THE USE OF A GRANULAR CARBON CARTRIDGE IN
THE PRE-TREATMENT FILTER HOUSINGS SUPPLIED, FOR THE PRIMARY REDUCTION OF
CHLORINE. IT WILL REQUIRE REPLACEMENT TOO OFTEN, LIMIT FLOW RATES AND
LIKELY LEAD TO CHLORINE BREAKTHROUGH TO THE MEMBRANE ELEMENT. WE
RECOMMEND THAT THIS HOUSING BE RESERVED FOR 5-MICRON OR 1-MICRON
SEDIMENT CARTRIDGES, FOR THE REDUCTION OF SUSPENDED PARTICULATE.
Step 3. Plan your water system
1. Using a pressure storage tank and pressure switch
Nominal rates of water production for BlackMaxx™ RB8 systems are, at maximum (feed water
@<500 TDS and 25 degrees Celsius recovery maximum 15%/membrane pH 7.5):
RB820K 20000GPD 13.8 USGPM 52.2 LPM 0.9 L/s 75.7 M3/d
RB830K 30000GPD 20.8 USGPM 78.7 LPM 1.3L/s 113.3 M3/d
RB840K 40000GPD 27.7 USGPM 104.4 LPM 1.6 L/s 151.4 M3/d
RB860K 60000GPD 41.5 USGPM 156.6 LPM 2.51L/s 227.1 M3/d
RB880K 80000GPD 55.4USGPM 209 LPM 3.3 L/s 302.8 M3/d
RB8100K 100000GPD 69.4 USGPM 262.7 LPM 4.4 L/s 378.5 M3/d
RB8120K 120000GPD 83.3 USGPM 315.3 LPM 5.3 L/s 454.2 M3/d
RB8150K 150000GPD 104.2 USGPM 394.4 LPM 6.6 L/s 587.8 M3/d
RB8180K 180000GPD 125 USGPM 473.2 LPM 7.9 L/s 681.3 M3/d
RB8210K 210000GPD 145.8 USGPM 551.9 LPM 9.9 L/s 794.9 M3/d
RB8240K 240000GPD 166.6 USGPM 630.6 LPM 10.5 L/s 908.4 M3/d
For many commercial, industrial or municipal requirements, this rate of production will be insufficient
in periods of peak usage, though over 24 hours the necessary production will be produced. It will
be necessary for you to provide product water storage in a non-pressurized tank from which you
may re-pressurize the water for delivery to your equipment or plumbing system. Sizing of the tank
is at the discretion of the end user; however, it should be sized to minimize the starting of the system
at less than 2 times per hour. See appendix for Membrane Temperature Correction Factors.
!
IF THE SYSTEM IS CONNECTED DIRECTLY TO A PRESSURE TANK, MAKE SURE THAT A
CHECK VALVE IS INSTALLED ON THE PRODUCT WATER LINE BETWEEN THE MACHINE
OUTLET AND THE PLUMBING SYSTEM PRESSURE SWITCH, TO ELIMINATE
BACKPRESSURE ON THE MEMBRANE(S). FAILURE TO DO SO WILL CAUSE PERMANENT
DAMAGE TO THE RO MEMBRANE(S).

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2. Directly plumbing unit into a production process
The BlackMaxx™ RB8 RO is designed to run on a signal(s) from a level-sensing device(s). There
are 2 inputs on the control board (120 VAC) that will start/stop the RO, on either low/high level.
It can be configured to run in a process line, provided the unit will not be starting and stopping
frequently. If the process requires the system to start more than 2 times per hour then a buffer
tank, with a 20-minute minimum storage capacity, should be employed. See next section.
3. Using an atmospheric pressure (non-pressurized) storage tank and float switch
The BlackMaxx™ RB8 RO is designed to run on a signal from a level-sensing device(s) (120 VAC
contact). The device is required to be normally open in the high-level (off) position to shut down
the system in the Auto Run Mode. The level controls must be wired into the control box according to
the supplied wiring diagram. NOTE: When the system is run in manual mode the level control
device is by-passed.
Ensure the storage tank selected is large enough to provide adequate water for your peak demand
period. Keep in mind that atmospheric water storage vessels are subject to contamination by
airborne bacteria – they should include a lid, be sanitized before use and periodically disinfected.
The RO product water will have no chlorine residual and will be subject to contamination at all stages
in the plumbing system. Consider inline UV disinfection, as an option for all water being pumped
from the storage tank into the plumbing system if post-RO chemical disinfection is not being used.
If the permeate is to remain in the tank for a period of more than 1 day without a disinfection residual
being added, a recirculation loop with a UV disinfection or an in-tank UV unit is recommended.
Consult your Waterite dealer for UV system sizing.
Ensure the permeate inlet fitting to a non-pressurized storage tank is placed above the maximum
water level and overflow in the tank. This provides an air gap between the RO system and the stored
permeate water. Should the stored water become contaminated for any reason, no cross
contamination can occur back to the RB8 system.
Consult your Waterite dealer for information and availability on a wide variety of water system
components including storage tanks, rep-pressurization pumps, bulkheads, tube, pipe fittings,
pressure switches, fittings, UV disinfection systems and float valves.
Section 3. Installation
!
INSPECT THE UNIT UPON ITS ARRIVAL FOR ANY DAMAGE THAT MAY HAVE OCCURRED
DURING SHIPPING. ALL RB8 UNITS ARE FACTORY TESTED FOR ELECTRICAL & SYSTEM
INTEGRITY PRIOR TO SHIPPING.
Your system includes:
The main RO/filter assembly frame comes fully assembled with pre-filter(s), booster pump,
membrane housing(s), flow controls, pressure gauges, electrical cabinet, piping, actuated
ball valves and flow meters.
2 to 24 membrane elements, depending on unit purchased, in a sealed plastic bag and 1-2
or 5-micron polypropylene sediment cartridge;
One owner’s package including your owner’s Manual, warranty certificate, and electrical
drawings. All major components manufacturer manuals have been included with this
RB8 operation manual in your package. Please take the time to familiarize yourself
with the individual components prior to starting the system.

10
3.1. Selecting the system location
Position the unit with the clearance shown in Figure 1. The clearance is necessary for removal of
the membranes, and maintenance. The frame must be installed level.
Figure 1
3.2 Electrical connections
All RB8 systems are field certified for electrical compliance. Consult local electrical codes for the
electrical disconnect requirements.
The RB8 system use a dual voltage configuration to minimize power consumption. The system
controls are run on a 120 vac 1 amp and the following are ratings for the motors at 230/208 vac 3
phase. (Other voltages are available.)
SERVICE AMPS @ SAFETY
208/230 VAC 3PH FACTOR HP
RB820K 13.2 / 12 1.15 5
RB830K 13.2 / 12 1.15 5
RB840K 19 / 17.2 1.15 7.5
RB860K 25.6/23.4 1.15 7.5
RB880K 25.6/23.4 1.15 7.5
RB8100K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
RB8120K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
RB8150K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
RB8180K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
RB8210K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
RB8240K 25.6/23.4 1.15 15
.

11
Figure 2a. Electrical Cabinet Internal
Figure 2b.
External
Electrical Cabinet
Motor power
(3 PH)
disconnect
Motor
starter
Flush valve
relay
Field
connection
terminals
120vac/24vdc
Transformer
Main control
board 120vac
120 vac
control
power
Manual
flush
HMI
Conductivity
monitor
On/Off
Switch

12
All electrical connections are to be made by qualified personnel, adhering to the local
electrical codes. It is recommended that a fused disconnect switch be placed near the unit, for
safety purposes. All motors are thermally protected.
The level controls should be connected through the cabinet using a liquid tight strain relief connector.
This is recommended for all field connections. See the electrical diagram supplied with the unit for
field and power connections.
3.3 Install the feed water supply connection
Plumbing connections
Connection sizes of the waterlines for the BlackMaxx™ RB8 are as follows:
Model Inlet Waste Permeate (2x)
RB820K 2.0” Fnpt 1.25” Fnpt 1” Fnpt
RB830K 2.0” Fnpt 1.25” Fnpt 1” Fnpt
RB840K 2.0” Fnpt 1.25” Fnpt 1” Fnpt
RB860K 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt 1.25” Fnpt
RB880K 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt 1.25” Fnpt
RB8100K 2.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt
RB8120K 2.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt
RB8150K 2.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt
RB8180K 2.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt 1.5” Fnpt
RB8210K 3.0” Fnpt 3.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt
RB8240K 3.0” Fnpt 3.0” Fnpt 2.0” Fnpt
3.4 Installing the inlet line
DO NOT USE BLACK IRON PIPE TO CONNECT TO A
REVERSE OSMOSIS SYSTEM
1. Inspect the cold-water supply line and the condition of the pipe. Ensure that the supply pipe
is in good overall condition and is capable of delivering the system’s necessary feed water
flow rate. See below for specified feed water flow rate requirements.
2. Turn the water supply line to your plumbing OFF.
Plumb a connection from the water supply line, ensuring that the feed line is at least 1.5”
(RB820K-RB840K) and 2.0” (RB860K-180K) ,3” in diameter (200K-240K). Install a shut off
valve on the connection, so that the RO system can by isolated from the main water supply.
Note above the size of your systems inlet connection to your RO. We recommend that you
also install a pipe union/flange near the RO unit to allow easy disconnection should it be
required for maintenance.
3. You may now turn the water supply to the plumbing system ON. Check for leaks around the
RO connection. Correct any leaks, if necessary.
Make sure the feed water source is a reliable one and will constantly deliver feed water
between 40 and 60 psi, at the required flow rates for your system. In the Auto-run mode, your
system has been equipped with an emergency low pressure shut-off, in the event that the
line pressure to your inlet falls below 30 psi. The unit will restart once the pressure rises
above the pre-set pressure. However, if the pressure falls below again, it will shut down and
an alarm will be initiated, which can only be manually reset by turning the system Off / On on
the HMI controller. This will keep the drive pump from running dry and damage occurring to
its internal components.

13
Minimum required inlet flow rates
Based on a 50% recovery rate on water <1000 TDS @ 25 degrees Celsius
RB820K 27.6 USGPM 104 LPM 1.7 L/sec
RB830K 41.0 USGPM 156 LPM 2.6 L/sec
RB840K 55.5 USGPM 210 LPM 3.5 L/sec
RB860K 83.3 USGPM 315 LPM 5.3 L/sec
RB880K 111USGPM 420 LPM 7.0 L/sec
RB8100K 139 USGPM 525 LPM 8.7 L/sec
RB8120K 166 USGPM 630 LPM 10.5 L/sec
RB8150K 208 USGPM 787 LPM 13.1 L/sec
RB8180K 250 USGPM 946 LPM 15.7 L/sec
RB8210K 291 USGPM 1100 LPM 18.3 L/sec
RB8240K 333 USGPM 1260 LPM 21.0 L/sec
Note: These are maximum flow requirements on full flow parameters.
Inlet feed rates will vary with projected system recovery rates. Use the following formula to
size flow-rates according to your specifications:
% Recovery Rate = Flow rate of Permeate (Product Flow)
Flow rate of Permeate + Flow rate of Waste
Note: These units are equipped with a system flush may require a larger volume of water for a
brief period of time. Contact factory for system information.
Figure 4. Unit component identification
Fig. 3a Front view
Feed Ball
Valve
Pressure Gauges
5 Micron
Pre-Filter
Low
Pressure
Switch
Re-Cycle Valve
Flow Meters
Feed Inlet
Feed Water
TDS Probe
Electrical/
Control
Panel
Membrane
Housings
High
Pressure
Switch
System
Pump
Membrane Insertion
Direction

14
!
ALWAYS MAINTAIN OR INSTALL A 2” AIR GAP ON ALL DRAIN LINES TO
PREVENT SEWAGE BACK SIPHONAGE.
Fig. 3b Back view
3.5 Installing the drain line
A line size equal to or larger than your system’s drain line should be used. Attach the drain
line to the waste connection on the back of your RB8. Position the drain line over the drain
and secure it in place. Do not elevate the drain line over 10 feet above the unit. If connection
to a sewer line is necessary, check the local code or a plumbing professional for guidance
and the required parts. Usually a trap with a 2” air gap will suffice.
3.6 Installing the permeate lines
Connect to the permeate-out line, located on the back upper left of the frame. A Line size
equal to or larger than your system’s permeate line should be used. Hard plumbing is
recommended with either a 304/316 Stainless Steel or PVC line. DO NOT USE BLACK
IRON PIPE TO CONNECT PERMEATE LINE OR FEEDWATER LINE TO SYSTEM.
Connect the permeate Low TDS line, either to your process or to a storage tank, ensuring
that a 2” air gap is maintained between the outlet of the line and the tanks overflow level.
When connecting directly to a process line, a SST backflow preventer should be included. If
a height of more than 10 ft is required to connect to the process or storage, a check valve
should be placed between the permeate connection and the process/storage, to prevent
excess back pressure on the permeate core of the membranes.
Auto Flush Valve
CIP Outlet
Waste Control Valve
CIP Inlet
Permeate Flow Sensor
Permeate Control Valve
Permeate Hi TDS
Divert Connection
Permeate Low TDS To
Storage Connection
Waste Connection
Waste Flow Sensor
Permeate Sample Port
Permeate TDS Sensor

15
3.7 Installing the filter cartridges and membrane(s)
3.7.1 Cartridge filter
Ensure the inlet valve is closed and the
system isn’t under pressure.
Remove the drain plug located on the front
bottom of the filter housing.
Replace the plug once the housing is empty.
Remove the filter-housing cap by turning the
clamp handle counter-clockwise. Once the
clamp is released, remove the clamp and
filter cap.
Pull the cartridge out by using the handle on
the cartridge alignment plate.
Unscrew the cartridge alignment plate from
the cartridge and dispose of the spent
cartridge.
Remove all protective wrapping from a new
filter cartridge. A potable silicon lubricant
should be used on the sealing edges of the
cartridge to ensure the gasket does not tear
during seating. Attach the cartridge
alignment plate and insert the sediment filter
cartridge over the discharge tube at the
bottom of the housing. Ensure the filter is
inserted all the way down to the bottom.
The housing is sealed with an o-ring - ensure this sealing ring is properly seated and has no
cracks or cuts, prior to re-assembly. Align the cap and reattach the clamp. Tighten the clamp
handle. (See figure 4)
3.7.2 Membrane installation
Note: When installing or removing membranes, wear clean rubber gloves that have been
washed in anti-bacterial solution to sterilize them. This can help to prevent any bacteria from
contaminating the membranes’ product core. (See Figure 5 for membrane housing assembly)
•Disconnect the power and turn off the feed water to the unit
•Disconnect the permeate line attached to the membrane housing’s end cap at the
union(s) provided.
•Remove the end cap from the membrane housing by loosening the 3 cap screws and
removing the SST retaining ring(s). It is best to remove both end caps at either end of
the housings.
•Once the end caps are removed, take out the thrust cage and gasket. Thrust cages are
at the opposite end of the housing feed, in order to prevent telescoping of the membrane
under pressure.
•Remove the membrane element from its carton, ensuring the membrane element doesn’t
come in contact with the floor or any other dirty surface. Record the serial numbers and
the housing number that this membrane will be used in.
•Stand the membrane element on its end with the brine seal at the bottom. Open the end
of the protective bag surrounding the membrane element. Lightly lubricate the brine seal
and all o-rings located on the membrane product adapters (attached to end caps) with a
good quality, silicone o-ring lubricant. DO NOT USE PETROLEUM-BASED
LUBRICANTS.
•Ensure the brine seal is facing toward the inlet end of the housing. (This is indicated by
the direction of flow label on the housing). See Figure 3a.
Fig. 4 Cartridge Housing
Clamp
Handle
Cartridge
Alignment
Plate
5 Micron
Cartridge
Discharge
Tube
Cap
O-Ring

16
•Insert the end of the element with the protective bag opened into the membrane housing.
Remove the bag as you insert the membrane into the housing. Gently push on the
membrane end while slowly twisting until the membrane is completely inside the housing.
•Repeat this process for all membranes.
•Now inspect all gaskets and seals for wear, tears, or nicks. Replace were necessary.
•Insert the thrust cage into the housing at the outlet end of the direction of flow for each
membrane.
•On the outlet ends, install the end cap ensuring the product adapter inserts inside the
membrane product core. Once the cap is in place, insert the retaining ring in the groove
on the housing.
•On the inlet ends, start by pushing on the membrane end to ensure it is fully seated on
the product adapter, and is against the thrust cone on the outlet end. Install the end cap
ensuring the product adapter inserts inside the membrane product core. Once the cap is
in place, insert the retaining ring in the groove on the housing.
•Re-assemble the permeate lines. Ensure the gaskets, are in good repair. Replace if
necessary.
•Turn power and water back on. Start unit. Fix any leaks.
3.7.3 Membrane removal
•To remove the membrane from the housing, remove the end cap as in above procedure,
remove the spacer cage and gently push/pull the membrane out of the housing body.
After extended us, you may need to lightly grip the ribs on the end of the membrane with
pliers to free it from the housing. DO NOT GRAB THE PRODUCT CORE.
•With each disassembly, always check the end cap gasket, o-rings and the membrane
brine seal to make sure that they are in good condition and are secure in their seating
grooves. While the housing is disassembled, clean all components thoroughly to remove
any excess debris or scaling.
•Load clean or new membranes as described in section 3.7.2.
Figure 5. 8040 FRP Membrane Housing
!
YOUR MEMBRANES HAVE BEEN SHIPPED WITH AN ANTI-BACTERIAL PRESERVATIVE.
OPERATE THE SYSTEM FOR 1-2 HOUR(S) AT STANDARD SETTINGS BEFORE BRINGING
THE SYSTEM ONLINE TO ASSURE MEMBRANE HAS BEEN COMPLETELY FLUSHED. DO
NOT USE WATER PRODUCED DURING THIS RUN-IN PERIOD.
Section 4: System Set-Up
Cap screw
Endcap seal
Endcap
Permeate
adaptor
Membrane
Thrust
cone
Brine
seal
Permeate
adaptor
O-Ring

17
!
ALL ELECTRICAL CONNECTIONS TO THE SYSTEM SHOULD MEET LOCAL CODE AND
DONE BY A QUALIFIED ELECTRICIAN.
Final set-up of your RO system will be dependent upon the TDS of your feed water. Make sure that
you specify the TDS of your feed water at the time the unit is ordered.
4.1 Initial start up and flushing of the system
•Turn on the feed water valve to the system and check the connection for leaks. Do not
proceed further until all leaks are fixed. The available inlet (raw) line pressure should now
register on the pre-filter pressure gauge. 60 psi is optimal.
•Turn on the 120-vac power. The control HMI and the flow meters will turn on. Press the on/off
button on the controller for 2 seconds to disable the RO control system.
Do not turn on the pump power at this stage.
•Fully open the recycle and waste control valves. See fig 3a & 3b
•Open the auto-flush valve by moving the lever to manual (Fig. 6) and turning the handle 90
degrees as indicated by the positioning indicator on top of the valve actuator.
•Move the lever on the permeate valve from
“auto” to “manual” and turn the valve 90
degrees counter-clockwise so that the
permeate Hi TDS divert port is open.
•Move the lever of the feed inlet valve to the
manual position. Slowly turn the valve until you
hear water flowing. Do not fully open the valve
at this point.
•Allow the feed water to fill slowly into the
system. This process will expedite the air
removal from the RO system.
•Once the water starts to run out of the system
to drain, close the auto-flush valve by turning
the knob in the opposite direction. Once the
indicator is back in the original position,let the
system run to drain for 2 minutes with the
waste valve fully open.
•The reject flow meter should be registering the flow to drain.
•Close the waste control valve. This will allow the feed pressure to rise and force more air
from the system. Water should be exiting the system through the permeate divert port only.
•The permeate flow meter should be registering a flow at this point.
•Check the system for leaks. If there are turn off the feed water flow and repair. Repeat above
process until all leaks are repaired.
A note on recovery rates
Your BlackMaxx™ RB8 is designed to operate at a recovery rate (percentage of product water to
total water used) at maximum of 70% for feed water of <1000 TDS, and 40-66% for feed water with
TDS ranging from 1000 to 2000. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPERATE THE SYSTEM AT HIGHER
RECOVERY RATES UNLESS APPROVED BY FACTORY, AS THIS WILL CAUSE PREMATURE
MEMBRANE FAILURE OR INTERNAL SCALING AND EQUIPMENT FAILURE.
You may wish to operate your system at lower recovery rates where your dealer has identified water
conditions that may stress your membrane or where recommended pre-treatment feed water
Manual knob
Position
indicator
Electrical boot
Manual/Auto
selector
Figure 6

18
conditions are not met. You may do so, though this must be accomplished by a combination of
increasing the flow of concentrate to waste and reducing the recirculation valve flow. This, done in
balance, will maintain the overall system pressure. Simply open the concentrate valve to the desired
flow rate and close the recirculation valve until the nominal pressure registers. Using the formula:
% Recovery Rate = Flow rate of Permeate (Product Flow)
Flow rate of Permeate + Flow rate of Waste
Adjust the concentrate and waste valves until the appropriate balance is met. Once the new balance
has been established you may wish to note the valves position
Section 5: System Maintenance
5.1 Changing pre-filter cartridges
The pre-filter cartridge should be changed, as a rule of thumb, at least every month, weekly in heavy
use applications. It is critical that this be done to ensure that pre-treatment cartridge allow necessary
flow and that suspended particulate is removed from the feed water.
To change the cartridge, turn off the system’s power and as a safety precaution, close the water
supply to the unit. Repeat Step 3.7.1 from the installation instructions above. Thoroughly flush and
clean the filter housings while they are disassembled. Always use Waterite factory cartridges as
replacements.
5.2 Monitoring your system performance
Your system will be operating at its peak performance after about 48 to 72 hours of operation. You
should develop a daily log to track line pressure, system pressure, feed water TDS, permeate TDS,
permeate flow rate and waste flow rate. This will allow you to see any developing performance
trends or alert you to system changes that will require you to intervene. It will also be helpful for
your dealer or Waterite technical personnel to have this information available to help troubleshoot
your system, should it become necessary. The table provided in Section 9 of this manual will help
you get started.
5.3 Cleaning your membrane elements
As your membranes begin to age, they will gradually lose some output performance. This is normal
and may result in an overall permeate flow loss of 5% after about 1 year. Your membranes may
also eventually begin to lose production due to organic fouling or mineral scaling in their interior.
Symptoms of this may be continuously falling production rates or elevated TDS levels in the product
water. DO NOT ATTEMPT TO OPERATE THE SYSTEM ABOVE SPECIFIED PRESSURES TO
COMPENSATE FOR OUTPUT LOSS – THIS WILL ONLY ACCELERATE THE PERFORMANCE
LOSS AND MEMBRANE ELEMENT DEGREDATION.
Total Dissolved Solids may be measured by a professional or by use of a simple hand-held TDS
monitor. These are available from your dealer. On critical application, a laboratory analysis should
be done on a regular basis.
Pocket TDS meter
(Waterite P/N CD600)
The membrane element life will range from 1 to 5 years, depending on the quality of the raw water.
See (section 3.7.3) for membrane removal and installation instructions.

19
Waterite carries a complete line of membrane cleaning agents, as well as a Clean-in-Place (CIP)
system designed for easy cleaning of the membrane elements, without removing them from the
housings. Contact your local representative or call Waterite for pricing and availability. Your RB8
system is already pre-plumbed for a CIP connection. (Figure 3b on page 14)
pH and permeate water
The permeate water from a RO system generally has a lower pH than the feed water. This is caused
by the processes removal of particles within the elements. It is strongly recommended that a pH
balancing system be put in place to bring the pH back up to a neutral setting between 7.0 and 7.5.
Consult with your water specialist or call Waterite for pH adjustment options and equipment.
5.4 A Word on your warranty
Keep your bill of sale and your warranty certificate, included in this kit. This is needed to claim any
parts or repair service during the warranty period. Read the document completely for warranty claim
instructions.
Your RB8 BlackMaxx™ system comes with a limited one-year warranty covering materials and
workmanship for one year from date of commissioning, subject to user’s compliance with these
maintenance and operating instructions. Membranes are excluded by the warranty and the seller’s
responsibility is limited to any warranty carried by the original equipment manufacturer (OEM). It is
the purchaser’s responsibility to immediately notify Waterite in the event that defects are detected.
Seller shall not be liable for any special, incidental or consequential damages and will at its option
repair or replace any defective components. Warranty excludes o-rings, membranes, pre-filter
cartridges, freight charges, labour to remove or re-install equipment, use with feed water in excess
of 2000 TDS, use of feed water that does not meet recommended conditions or with system
alterations made without a written approval from Waterite.

20
Section 6: Trouble Shooting Guide
Problem Possible Cause Solution
System will not start Disconnect in off position.Turn on.
System inlet pressure is too low. Reset alarm-Adjust feed
pressure.
Low or declining Water supply valve closed. Open valve.
permeate production Raw water TDS too high. Consult dealer – May
need pre-treatment.
Pre-treatment cartridges plugged. Replace cartridges.
Membranes fouling/fouled. Fast flush system. Clean
or replace membrane.
Membrane brine seal reversed. Install seal correctly.
Low operating pressure. See “Low System
Pressure”.
Feed water content has changed. Analyse/Review pre-
treatment.
Product line(s) bypassed/closed. Open Valve(s).
Water temperature has changed.
Leaking joints Flanges not seated properly. Loosen flange and
reseat gasket prior
to tightening.
Replace gasket.
Threaded fittings leaking. Disassemble/remove
old Teflon tape/apply
new tape/re-assemble.
Pre-filter housing leaking. Tighten clamp handle
Remove cap and
Inspect o-rings for cuts
or crimps. Replace as
necessary.
Membrane housing leaking. Remove retaining ring &
adjust gaskets and
reassemble.
Low system pressure Clogged pre-filter or fouled pre-treatment. Replace pre-filter
Cartridges/backwash
pre-treatment.
Low feed water pressure. Check feed water
source for restrictions.
Inlet Valve closed. Check valve position
Drive pump malfunctioning. Call dealer.
Malfunctioning pressure gauge. Replace gauge.
High system pressure Plugged or restricted concentrate. Adjust valves.
and/or recirculation valves. Clean or replace valves.
Product line bypassed/closed. Open Valve(s).
Malfunctioning pressure gauge. Replace gauge.
Permeate TDS rising Inaccurate TDS sensor. Calibrate/replace.
O-rings on product adapters Check and replace
cut or damaged. damaged o-rings.