Yamaha CS-30 User manual

SYNTHESIZER CS-3O
We thank you vety much fttr your purchaseof our YAMAHA synthesizer CS-30. The CS-30
is a full-fledged synthesizer
incorporating a sequencer
that has beenclevelopecl
basetl
on YAMAHA's
superior technology and rich experiencecultivated over the years with YAMAHA Electone Orsans
and by giving full ploy to the latest in IC technology.
The svnthe<izer,
unlike other musical instruments,
has no fixecl sourul oJ' its own. How,eyer.
it has the capacity o.l' producing, with practically unlimitetl freetlom new sounds that no otlter
instrument can produce. The new sounds
that you havecreatecl
))ourseu'
with the CS_30,
will no
doubt direct you along a path that will leaclvou into a new worlcl of music.
The CS-30is a lull-.fledgedsynthesizer
equipped with 2 systems
o.f VCO, VCF ancl VCA as x,ell
as 3 EGs and a built-in sequencer.
To makeJull useo.l'such
functions ond to tliscoveroriginal soutttls
that aretrniquely yours, we urge
),ou to read the contents
of this Owner's
Manualcarefullv.
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Full
attention
shouldbe
paid
tothefollowing points
prior
to operation.
Place
of installation
When installing
the synthesizer.
such
places
asthose
subjected to direct sunshine,
or dusty or highly
humid places
should be avoided. Furthermore,
in
no case
should it be installed
close
to fire,
or heat-
generating
objects
such as a power amplifier,
as it
may not only cause
disorders
and cabinet
deforma-
tion but may alsolead
to a f
ire disaster.
Cleaning
When cleaning
the set,.do not wipe the panel.
or
keyboard
with a thinner-type
liquid,
or spray
of the
same-type
liquid, as it will cause
discoloration,
or
stains.
Always wipe it with a soft and dry piece
of cloth.
Connection
Connections
suchas to amplifiers
should be carried
out properly with full care.Erroneous
connections
will lead
to disorders
of the synthesizer
and ampli-
fier.
VOLUME
The application
of anexcessive
input
to the
amplif
ier
may causedamage
of the amplif
ier
or speakers.
For
this reason,
careful
consideration
mustbe
given
wnen
settingthevolume.
CONTENTS PAGE
CHABACTERISTIC
POINTS
OF
SYNTHESIZEBS 4
C0NNECT|0N.... 6
BASICSETTING 7
FUNCTIONS
KEYBOARD/PITCH 8
vc01/vc02 I
vcFl/vcFz .....10
vcAl/vcAz .....11
TRfGGER/EG... ......12
EG/EFFECT ......13
sEouENcER ..... 14
EXTEBNAL .... .. 15
OPERATION
SEOUENCE ... 16
TROUBLESHOOTING ...... 2O
BLOCKDIAGBAM ,.. 21
souND
MEMo ..... 22
SPECTFfCATT0NS ....23
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CHARACTER
ISTIC
POINTS
OF SYNTH ES IZERS
The function of the synthesizeris to electrically
synthesize
and control the threeelementsof sound,
thatis,interval,
toneandvolume
as
well
asthetimewise
changefrom the instant
a soundis generated
to the
point it fades
away.
The intervalis controlledby the VCO, toneby the
VCF, volume
by the VCA andthe timewise variation
of soundby the EG. "VC" in VCO.
VCF andVCA
standsfor "voltage-controlled".
Now. let us consider
what kind of function thisvoltage
controlhasin the
synthesizer.The drawing at the right is the block
diagramshowingthebasic
compositionof a synthesizer.
KEYBOARD
CIBCUIT
This circuit generates
the key's voltage(KEY
VOLT) that correspondsto the interval,
and the
signal
voltage
(TRIGGER) that indicates
that the
key isbeingdepressed.AlthoughtheTRIGGERwill
become
"o" volt when the fingeris released
from
the key. the KEY VOLT that indicatestheinterval
will be memorizedby the SAMPLEAND HOLD
(S/H)
circuituntil thenext
key isdepressed.
The drawingat the right showsthe relationship
betweenthe key's intervalandKEY VOLT voltage
together
with the waveformsof theTRIGGERand
KEY VOLT signalsmi (E) + do (C) + sol
(G)
are
depressed.
VCO (Voltage controloscillator)
The VCO makes
a soundsourceof a frequency
that correspondsto the KEY VOLT of the key-
boardcircuit.It oscillatessimultaneouslysuchsound
sourcewaveforms as saw-tooth waves
and square
waves
that have a great numberof harmonics
and
sine waves of a single
frequency.Although the
oscillator
frequencycorresponds
lineally
to theKEY
VOLT value.if the oscillatorshouldbe controlled
while addingan AC voltage suchas
low frequency
oscillator
(LFO) to the KEY VOLT voltage,it will
be possible
to modulatethe key intervalwith the
LFO,or thelike.The
function
of addingthis
voltage
is carriedout by an adder.Regardingthis voltage
value
that is used to control
theVCO,it ispossible
to freely control the VCO's oscillating
frequency
in accordance with the voltage
value
sincea syn-
thetic voltageformedby several
AC waveformsis
used
instead
of a fixed DC voltage.
The drawingat the right showsa caseof VCO
control in which the sine wavesof the LFO is
added
to the KEY VOLT. Needlessto say, it is
also
possible
to add an EG voltagein place of, or
simultaneously
with, the LFO.
VCF (Voltage
controlled
filter)
The VCF, whichis the heart
of the synthesrzer,
KEYBOARDFOLIOW
KEY VOLT
VOLTAGE
KEYON
. KEYOFF
KEYON
PI
TCH
VCOOUT

t.
creates
the toneby changing
theharmonic
structure
by cutting,
or emphasizing,
with thefilter a part
of
theharmonics
of VCO-produced
sound
source
having
a large
number
of harmonics.
The VCF creates
the toneby changing
the cut-
off frequency
(existing
on the borderline
between
the passage
and shield-off
sections)
by controlling
the voltage.
To eliminate
any harmonics
structure
deviation(KEYBOARD FOLLOW) caused
by the
difference
in intervals.
it is designed
so that the
cut-off frequency
will shift alongwith the shift in
the interval,
by adding
the KEY VOLT voltage
of
the keyboard
circuit to the DC voltagegenerated
with theuse
of the
control.The
tone
canbe
rendered
with a timewise
variation
by adding
to these
con-
trol voltages a voltage
suchasthat of the LFO, or
EG, that changes
with time as in the case
of the
VCO.
The drawing
at the right illustrates
the mode
in
which
thecut-off
frequency
of theLPF
is
controlled
by the EG.
VCA (Voltage c0ntrolledamplifier)
The VCA is an amplifierblock whose amplifica-
tion degreeis variedby the controlvoltage.
The drawing
at the right showsa casein which
thearnplificationdegreeof theamplifieriscontrolled
by the EG voltage
to give a timewise
variation
(envelope)
to the volume,from thepointthesound
startsup to the point it fades away.Naturally,as
in the casesof the VCO and VCF, it is possible
to add a voltage suchasof the LFO to the EG
voltageand use
the resultingvoltage as
VCA's con-
trol voltage.
EG (Envelope
Generator)
The
EGhasthefunction
of producing
the
voltage
curve that indicates
the condition in which the
sound
changes
in order
to renderthe sound
with a
timewise
variation.Given a signalto initiate the
start and end of the envelopeby the TRIGGER
voltageof the keyboardcircuit,the EG generates
signals
that will be usedas the controlsignals
for
theVCO.
VCF.VCA.etc.
ln addition
to the elements
described
above,the
synthesizer
has such elements
as the LFO (low
frequencyoscillator)
that functions to givea peri-
odical
variation.andcontrols
to enhance
theeffects
of the performance.But in any case,
the fact re-
mains the samethat something
is controlled
by
changing
the voltage.
In this
way,sinceallcontrolsin a synthesizerare
effectedby usingthe voltage
value
as a medium,
the synthesizer
is capableof producing
various
variationsof sounds
with ease.
CUTOFFFRO.
- ....-
KEY
VOLT
AIVlPLITUDE
ffiilryMffi
KEY-ON KEY_OFF ON OFF ON
Diffcrcncc in cnvclopc uavctbrms causcdby
triggcr rvavcforms.

CONNECTION
@@
II
aïRTGGER-_-ll_EXTERNALI
le @ll
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vI
VOLÏ-
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OUT
@
IN
v
i
FOOT
lc0NTFottEEl
tl
l@l
t__J
@@
1+2 2
O
I
I ru*
m@
I
I
*
AC Outlet
sïio
1
@
I
a-sE0uENcER-_)
| OuT ouT I
t@ @l
t--rsï llqt
Amplifier
Use
OUTPUT tcrmrnal
"1+2" rvhenusing
a singleamplifier,
and
both "l " and "2" rvhen
using
trvoamplifiers.
For dctailson terminals
@ anct
@, scc
Page
15.
For details on termi-
nal @ of scqucnccr
output, see Page
15.
StereoAmplifier
fu'sr ann
F o Ù F F
F OFFCF
@
rowen
cono
Connectthe power
cord pluginto anAC outlet.
@
ounur
Theseareoutputterminals.
"1" and
"2" will feed
out outputsrespectively
of VCA-1
andVCA-2.
while
*l + 2" will feed
out anoutputwherein
VCA-I and
VCA-2
aremixed.
. Switchover
canbe
effected
among
the
voltage
levels
to be fed out.
. The amplifierto be connected
to the synthesizer
shouldhaveasflat
as
possible
frequencyresponse.
@
roor
coNTRoLTER
Thisis a FOOTVOLUMEterminal
(volume
con-
trol).
@
seouerucen
This is to be usedwhen the set is to be played
through
the sequencer
of CS-30,with anothersyn-
thesizerhaving
KEY VOLT andTRIGGER
terminals
connected
to this set. For further details.
please
referto Page
15.
@
reY
vorr& @ rnrccen
By connecting
the set with anothersynthesizer
havingKEY VOLT and TRIGGER terminals,
this
set can be usedas a multiple-systemsynthesizer.
SeePageI5 for further details.
@
rxrenrunl
By connecting an electric guitar, or an electric
piano to this terminal, a synthesizereffect can be
givento the sound source.For further details,
please
refer to Page15.
a Connectionsshould be carriedout carefullvas an
erroneous connection will become the cause of
troublesof the synthesizerand amplifier.
. Never apply an excessive
input (5V, or more) to
the KEY VOLT's lN terminalas
it will cause
trouble
to ge-nerate in the synthesizer.

BASIC SETTING
The .func'tions
oJ'the respective
controls and switches
will be describecl
in the section starting
Jiom Page
8. Here we shall merell, refer to how basic setting is carried out when souncls
are to be
produced experimentally to check the synthesizer,or amplifier.
This is J'or the casein which the saw-tooth waves
( X / o/ VCO-I areJèd out Jrom OL:TP(IT I
and the square \\taves
( lL ) of VCO-2Jiom OL/TPLIT2 in their original form. OUTPUT I + 2
will Jeedout a wavefctrm
wherein the two are mixed.
Iztrn 20>tr F.<
18
.vt-Lt9
i:_i j..t rt.: : l
Setting is carried
out by checking
the controls
and
switchesfrom 1 to 21.
Once the controls
and switches
are set in the state
of basic
setting,
soundswill be produced
no matter
how other controls
and switches
mav be set. How-
ever,
to acquire
a better understanding
of the func-
BLOCKDIAGRAM
tions of eachsection,we suggestthat you setthem
asshown in the diagram.
o When sounds cannot be produced for some un-
known reason.
the setting
should be brought back
to the basicsettinq.
/ar, LËVIL
.!-t'1
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(nn
srû
KBD
KBDlSEO
VCÛ-1
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thi
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;t
,!
tr^{l
i tru-r i
li
LFÛII,J
t* ûu1
el !t :f
i rc-z
i i EG-3
|
titl
llï --I:-"Y--
lr,EEà{t l ,-,-.
i9v*xln*
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4l
to n.ol
iltli1lI
la ta'a{t'
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ts
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FUNCTIONS
KEYBOA RD/PITCH
ffiïffirffir$'Tl
trIilffiIfrtr
i'lril
o KEYB0ARD
The CS-30
is a monotone
synthesizerthat covers
3-l/2 octaves
with its 44 keys. When2, or more,
keysare depressed
simultaneously,
priority will be
given
to the key of the higher,or highestinterval.
(Priority to highersound)
P
OWE R
OUTPUT
@
vot-umr
Thiscontrol
isusedto controltheoverall
volume
of CS-30. Thecontrol
ontheamplifiersideshouldbe
fixedto anoptimum
position.
@
enlnuce
Used to control the volume balancebetween
VCA-l and VCA-2in theCS-30 whichhas
2systems
Of thEVCO.VCF ANd VCA.
@
rxorurs
This is an output terminalfor the headphones.
@
rowrn
This is the power
switch.
When
POWER
indicator
willilluminate.
T
turnedON, the
c)TUNE
Usedfor adjusting
the intervals.
VCO-l andVCO-
2 will change in the same manner.
. lt takes
roughly
30
minutes
for the
synthesizer's
inter-
valsto stabilize.Accordingly, when tuning is to be
carried out, power should be switchedon approxi-
mately
30 minutes
prior to tuning.
@
orrurur
Usedfor adjustingthe intervals
of VCO-I alone.
The intervalof VCO-2will remain
unchanqed.
@rc
selecron
Effectsswitchover
of envelope
generator(EG).
@
ecDEPTH
Usedwhen
modulatingtheVCOwith theenvelope
generator:
adjusts
the depth.
P ITCH
,:{' 1,,i.,..
_,_J_

FUNcIoNS VCO1 /VCOZ
I
f.
@
rrer
As stated
earlier,
the keyboard
covers3-1/2
octaveswith its 44 keys. By making useof this
FEET Switch,the sound
range
to be covered
can
be shifted
asshownin the diagram.
. VCOI: Covers
2' - 64'
o VCO2: Covers4' - 128'
@pw
Adjusts
the pulse width of the squarewave
out-
put of VCO.(50%
- 9A)i)
@PWM
Changestlie pulse
width at intervals
equivalent
to LFO'speriod.
(90 ! (Y/(,
at MAX)
@
moouunoN
FUNcnoN
Used
for switchingovertheway in whichVCO
nrodulation
is to be applied.
PW: Pulse
Width
Symmetric rect-
angular
wave
. At S/H, soundswhoseintervalsvary in
manner
will be fed out.
. At EXT, the intervalswill be variedby
Input.
an irregular
theexternal
@nnoouunoN
DEPTH
Modulates
the VCO usins the oeriod of LFO.
@luoo
vcoz
VCOI willbemodulatedbv theoutDutof VCO2.
@seo/rso
Thisswitchis to be positioned to theKBD side
fbr keyboardperformances and to the SEQ side
for autornatic
pertbrmances
by the sequencer.
PWM:PulseWidth Modulator
ffi_f
jt__tfl_rfu
It changcs
in thc order
of
e*@-@o o
K!:Y-
*ûÂt{t
*îeI
FEET
2FEET
arrrr** __*"",* -*"-"-i-
:,--a-_-.- I
SFEET
IOTLL I
32
rFE-**-" "
-
b+T Lr I
zerrr"i-*
1rVCOl
VCO2
lr
I

FUNcrtoNS
VCF I /V CF 2
;
c}
..ti,
:,
@
rrurur/lrvel
These
are input changeoverswitches
anda con-
trol for the VCF.
. No controlisprovided
for the VCF-2
side.
@
cur
oFF
FBo
Adjusts
the cut off frequencyof the VCF.
@
nesorunrucr
Adjusts the resonance
in the neighborhood
of
the VCF cut off frequencv.
@
reoFoLLow
It is designed
so that the cut off frequency
of
the VCF will shift, following the intervals
of the
keys. This is the control usedfor adjusting
the
following
properties.
l
..1 l,
tTÛIN Fû
IN
MODFUNCTION
Selects
waveform
of LFOwithwhichVCFis
tobe
modulated.
MOD
DEPTH
Adjusts
modulationdegree.
EG
SELECTOR
Selects
envelope
generator.
EG
OEPTH
Adjusts
thewayinwhichEGis
to beapplied.
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