Yamaha Dx21 User manual

DIGITAL

PROGRAMMABLE

ALGORITHM

SYNTHESIZER

DX21

SERVICE

MANUAL

■

CONTENTS

IMPORTANT

NOTICE.

1

SPECIFICATIONS.

1

PANEL

LAYOUT.

2

TEST

PROGRAMS.3/4

BASIC

CIRCUIT

OPERATIONS.

5

TABLE

OF

1C

FUNCTIONS.

6

MIDI

DATA

FORMAT.7

~

17

CIRCUIT

BOARDS

.18~21

BLOCK

DIAGRAM

.

22

PARTS

LIST

OVERALL

ASSEMBLY

.23/24

KEYBOARD

ASSEMBLY.

25

LCD

ASSEMBLY

&

WHEEL

ASSEMBLY.

26

CIRCUIT

BOARDS

&

ELECTRICAL

PARTS

.27~29

OVERALL

CIRCUIT

DIAGRAM.

30

006667

NIPPON

GAKKI

CO.,

LTD.

HAMAMATSU,

JAPAN

2.93K-403

(HI

®

Printed

in

Japan

’85.6.

DX21

IMPORTANT

NOTICE

This

manual

has

been

provided

for

the

use

of

authorized

Yamaha

Retailers

and

their

service

personnel.

It

has

been

assumed

that

basic

service

procedures

inherent

to

the

industry,

and

more

specifically

Yamaha

Products,

are

already

known

and

understood

by

the

users,

and

have

therefore

not

been

restated.

WARNING:

Failure

to

follow

appropriate

service

and

safety

procedures

when

servicing

this

product

may

result

in

personal

injury,

destruction

of

expensive

components

and

failure

of

the

product

to

perform

as

specified.

For

these

reasons,

we

advise

all

Yamaha

product

owners

that

all

service

required

should

be

performed

by

an

authorized

Yamaha

Retailer

or

the

appointed

service

representative.

IMPORTANT:

The

presentation

or

sale

of

this

manual

to

any

individual

or

firm

does

not

constitute

authorization,

certification,

recognition

of

any

applicable

technical

capabilities,

or

establish

a

principle-agent

relationship

of

any

form.

The

data

provided

is

believed

to

be

accurate

and

applicable

to

the

unit(s)

indicated

on

the

cover.

The

research,

engineering,

and

service

departments

of

Yamaha

are

continually

striving

to

improve

Yamaha

products.

Modifications

are,

therefore,

inevitable

and

changes

in

specification

are

subject

to

change

without

notice

or

obligation

to

retrofit.

Should

any

discrepancy

appear

to

exist,

please

contact

the

distributor’s

Service

Division.

WARNING:

Static

discharges

can

destroy

expensive

components.

Discharge

any

static

electricity

your

body

may

have

accumulated

by

grounding

yourself

to

the

ground

buss

in

the

unit

(heavy

gauge

black

wires

connect

to

this

buss).

IMPORTANT:

Turn

the

unit

OFF

during

disassembly

and

parts

replacement.

Recheck

all_

work

before

you

apply

power

to

the

unit.

■

SPECIFICATIONS

Keyboard

.

61

keys,

Ci

~

C6

Sound

Source

.

FM

Tone

Generator:

4

operators

x

2

(A,B),

8

Algorithms

Simultaneous

Note

Output

Polyphonic:

8

notes

(SINGLE),

4

notes

(DUAL),

4

+

4

notes

(SPLIT)

Monophonic:

1

note

(SINGLE,

DUAL),

1

+

1

note

(SPLIT)

Internal

Memory

.

128

ROM

voice

memory

32

RAM

voice

memory

32

RAM

performance

memory

Controls

.

PITCH

BEND

WHEEL,

MODULATION

WHEEL,

VOLUME,

BALANCE,

DATA

ENTRY

Display

.

LCD

(16

characters

x

2

tines)

Connecting

Terminals

.

OUTPUT

MIX/A,

OUTPUT

B,

PHONES,

CASSETTE

Control

Terminals

.

FOOTSWITCH

(SUSTAIN,

PORTAMENTO),

FOOT

CONTROLLER

(VOLUME),

MIDI

(IN,

OUT,

THRU)

Dimensions/Weight

.

909

(W)

x

82

(H)

x

270

(D)

mm

(35.8"

x

3.2"

x

10.6")

8

kg

(17.6

lbs)

Power

Requirements

.

U.S.

&

Canadian

Models:

120

V,

50/60

Hz

General

Models:

220

~

240

V,

50

Hz

Power

Consumption

.

7

W

Standard

Accessories

.

Music

Stand,

Cassette

Cable

Optional

Accessories

1

FC7

Foot

Controller,

FC4

or

FC5

Footswitch,

BC1

Breath

Controller,

LC-21S

or

SC-21

Carrying

Case,

LG-21

Stand,

MIDI-03

or

MIDI-15

MIDI

Cable

•

Control

Panel

DX21

■

TEST

PROGRAMS

NOTE:__

When

the

test

program

is

executed,

data

in

the

performance

memory

will

be

initialized.

Please

write

down

the

data

to

the

performance

data

table

before

executing

the

program.

BEFORE

ENTERING

THE

TEST

MODE

OF

THE

DX21,

IT

IS

RECOMMENDED

THAT

YOU

READ

THROUGH

THE

TEST

PROGRAM

PROCEDURES.

.

TEST

2

REQUIRES

THE

CONNECTION

OF

EXTER¬

NAL

DEVICES

AND

IT

MAY

HELP

TO

MAKE

THE

CONNECTIONS

AND

ADJUSTMENTS

OF

THIS

TEST

PRIOR

TO

ENTERING

THE

TEST

MODE.

Test

Mode

Entry

Procedure

To

enter

the

internal

test

mode

of

the

DX21,

turn

the

power

switch

on

while

depressing

the

voice

buttons

I

1

l

a

nd

[

2

|

o

n

the

side

A.

Release

buttons

j

1

|

a

nd

|

2

|

o

nce

characters

are

displayed

on

the

LCD.

The

unit

will

then

display

the

ROM

version

message

and

auto¬

matically

go

to

the

first

test

or

check.

TEST

1:

ROM

version

message

and

level

check

After

initiating

the

Test

Mode,

the

unit

displays

the

message

shown

below.

VI.

s

05-rVlar—85

Check

Level

The

first

line

of

the

LCD

display

indicates

the

ROM

version

number

(VI.

2)

and

the

date

of

that

version.

The

second

line

of

the

display

indicates

that

the

unit

is

in

the

Level

Verification

Mode.

Sine

waves

of

440Hz

are

output

from

each

output

jack

when

the

volume

is

at

its

maximum

level.

The

table

shown

below

has

the

necessary

information

to

check

or

verify

each

output

level.

Output

Jack

Level

Load

OUT

A,

B

—22dBm

10K

PHONES

R,

L

—13dBm

47

Before

proceeding

to

the

TEST

2,

please

read

the

instructions

of

that

test.

After

reviewing

the

test

procedure,

depress

the

1

+

1

button

to

initiate

the

test.

TEST

2:

Check

of

RAM,

MIDI

I/O,

and

Cassette

I

nterface

Before

initiating

this

test

make

the

following

connec¬

tions

as

indicated

below:

1.

Connect

MIDI

IN

and

OUT

with

a

MIDI

cable.

2.

Connect

the

cassette

OUT

jack

to

the

input

of

an

amplifier

and

connect

the

output

of

the

amplifier

to

the

cassette

IN

jack.

SPECIAL

INSTRUCTIONS:

*A

mixer

or

stereo

cassette

deck

can

be

used

as

this

amplifier

stage.

This

amplifier

is

essentially

inserted

in

the

cassette

OUT

and

IN

path.

The

mixer

or

stereo

cassette

deck

(in

the

REC/

PAUSE

mode)

must

be

adjusted

to

have

a

gain

of

approximately

10dB.

This

gain

adjustment

should

be

made

before

entering

the

Test

Mode.

To

make

this

gain

adjustment

access

the

CASSETTE

SAVE

function

of

the

DX21

and

initiate

the

SAVE

function

by

depressing

the

|

+1

1

button

twice.

The

Voice

information

of

the

DX21

is

then

transmitted

from

the

Cassette

OUT

jack

and

has

an

approximate

level

of

—28dB.

Therefore,

connect

a

level

meter

to

the

output

of

the

amplifier

stage

and

adjust

the

output

level

to

approximately

—18dB

(a

10dB

gain).

Now

the

amplifier

gain

is

adjusted

to

perform

the

Cassette

OUT/IN

test.

When

you

initiate

TEST

2

by

depressing

the

|

+1

|

button,

this

test

automatically

executes

the

RAM,

MIDI

I/O,

and

cassette

OUT/IN

interface

checks.

If

no

ERRORS

are

detected

then

the

test

routine

auto¬

matically

sequences

to

TEST

3,

the

LCD

Test.

If

the

RAM

is

bad

the

LCD

display

will

indicate

which

1C

is

bad,

providing

that

the

malfunctioning

RAM

1C

does

not

cause

a

system

operation

problem.

If

there

is

a

malfunction

of

the

MIDI

OUTPUT

or

INPUT,

the

LCD

display

indicates

ERROR

MIDI!

Also,

it

should

be

noted

that

if

the

MIDI

test

was

checked

by

another

technician

the

correct

MIDI

data

may

already

be

stored

in

the

MIDI

BUFFER.

There¬

fore,

if

you

initiate

the

MIDI

test

with

no

MIDI

cable

plugged

in

it

will

still

pass

the

test

with

no

ERROR.

You

can

CLEAR

the

MIDI

buffer

by

connect

the

cable

and

play

the

keyboard

in

the

normal

operating

mode.

This

procedure

will

store

different

MIDI

data

into

the

MIDI

BUFFER.

If

the

cassette

OUTPUT,

INPUT

or

the

inserted

amplifier

stage

malfunctions,

the

LCD

display

will

indicate

ERROR

CASS.!

TEST

3:

LCD

Check

This

test

checks

the

LCD

display.

All

dots

on

the

LCD

should

flash.

Verify

that

each

dot

flashes.

Before

proceeding

on

to

TEST

4,

the

A/D

and

foot-

switch

test,

connect

the

BC-1,

FC-7,

and

two

FC-4s

to

all

BREATH,

VOLUME,

SUSTAIN,

and

PORTA¬

MENTO

jacks.

Then

depress

|

+1

|

for

approximately

one

second

to

proceed

to

TEST

4.

DX21

TEST

4:

A/D

and

Footswitch

check

For

this

test

you

operate

the

controls

as

indicated

by

the

LCD

display.

Once

the

control

is

operated

throughout

its

range

LCD

display

will

indicate

the

that

to

be

checked.

If

a

control

or

controller

is

malfunctioning

then

the

test

will

not

advance

to

the

It

should

also

be

noted

that

all

controls

and

controllers

must

be

checked

for

the

Test

Routine

continue

on

to

the

This

test

checks

the

following

controls

and

controllers

listed

below:

1.

The

PITCH

BEND

control

2.

The

MOD.

WHEEL

control

3.

The

DATA

ENTRY

control

4.

The

FOOT

VOL.

controller

5.

The

BREATH

controller

6.

The

SUSTAIN

footswitch

7.

The

PORTAMENTO

footswitch

The

test

routine

automatically

increments

to

the

TEST

5,

once

all

checks

have

been

completed.

TEST

5:

Keyboard

check

Test

5

checks

the

keyboard

contacts.

The

LCD

dis¬

plays

the

keys

to

be

depressed

and

once

the

key

is

depressed

and

released

the

LCD

will

indicate

the

to

be

depressed.

No

error

message

occurs

when

a

key

contact

is

bad

or

a

key

is

depressed

in

error.

Once

all

key

contacts

have

been

verified

by

depressing

and

releasing

the

appropriate

keys,

the

Test

Routine

advances

to

TEST

6,

the

Panel

Switch

check.

TEST

6:

Panel

Switch

check

For

this

test,

press

the

switch

indicated

by

the

LCD

display.

The

numbering

order

of

the

panel

switch

sequence

is

shown

below.

After

the

panel

switch

test

has

been

completed,

the

test

routine

automatically

exits

the

Test

Mode

and

the

unit

returns

to

its

normal

operating

mode.

4

DX21

■

BASIC

CIRCUIT

OPERATIONS

1.

The

Main

Clock

Circuit

The

clock

generation

circuit

for

the

CPU

and

soud

generation,

generates

a

signal

having

a

frequency

of

7.15909MHz.

The

signal

of

7.15090MHz

is

applied

to

the

EXTAL

of

the

CPU,

and

divided

by

a

factor

of

4

inside

the

CPU

to

create

the

system

clock.

A

signal

having

a

frequency

of

3.58MHz

is

used

for

sound

generation.

2.

The

Sub-Clock

Circuit

This

clock

circuit

generates

a

signal

of

500kHz

for

A/D

conversion

and

the

MIDI

clock.

The

500kHz

clock

signals

are

applied

to

22

of

the

CPU,

which

in

turn

is

divided

by

a

factor

of

16

inside

the

CPU

to

create

the

31.25kHz

MIDI

clock.

3.

The

Reset

Circuit

A

reset

signal

is

generated

an

RC

network

and

Schmitt

Trigger

invertor

1C.

A

reset

1C

is

used

to

short

any

remaining

voltage

of

the

10

microfarad

charging

capacitor

to

ground

on

power-up.

Then

the

reset

1C

goes

to

a

high

impedance

state

to

allow

the

capacitor

to

charge

via

a

resistor

con¬

nected

to

the

+5V

supply.

Therefore,

initially

the

reset

signal

is

a

logic

"LOW"

level

until

the

capacitor

reaches

the

threshold

of

the

Schmitt

Trigger

Invertor

ICs

and

then

the

reset

signal

switches

to

a

"HIGH"

logic

level.

The

reset

signal

is

also

fed

to

two

transistors.

One

transistor

controls

the

Battery

Back-Up

circuit

and

the

other

control

the

CHIP

SELECT

2

signal

for

the

RAM

ICs.

The

CHIP

SELECT

2

or

CE2

signals

disables

the

RAM

ICs

so

they

will

not

be

selected.

This

eliminates

the

possibility

of

the

RAM

ICs

being

accessed

and

accidentally

written

to.

4.

The

CPU,

ROM

and

RAM

•

The

CPU

with

clock

input

of

7.15909MHz,

operates

with

a

system

clock

of

approximately

1.8MHz.

The

access

time

for

the

ROM,

RAM,

and

other

components

connected

to

the

bus

must

be

faster

as

the

read/write

pulse

width

is

approximately

260nS.

•

The

ROM

is

allocated

from

addresses

$8000

to

$FFFF

of

the

memory,

with

$8000

to

$A480

being

the

area

for

the

128

voice

data,

and

$A480

to

$FFFD

being

the

program

area.

The

use

of

two

128K

bytes

ROM

is

possible.

In

this

case,

jumper

*1

is

moved

to

*2,

and

IC36

is

installed.

•

The

RAM

is

allocated

from

addresses

$1000

to

$27

FF

of

the

memory

with

the

area

from

$1000

to

$

191F

used

as

the

voice

memory

area,

and

the

area

from

$1920

and

above

is

used

for

the

various

stacks

and

registers.

Furthermore,

the

entire

area

is

memory

backed

up

by

a

battery

to

enable

the

memory

to

be

retained

after

the

power

is

turned

off.

5.

The

Address

Map

The

CPU

addresses

are

as

follows:

$00

$1F

Internal

CPU

registers

and

ports

$20

A/D

output

port

$22

A/D

start

$24

OPM

$26

LCD

$28,$29

CHORU5

ON-OFF

$40

~

$FF

RAM

in

CPU

$1000

~$27EF

RAM

$8000~$FFFF

ROM

6.

The

A/D

Circuit

The

A/D

circuit

uses

an

8

bit

8

channel

ADC

1C.

Five

of

the

eight

input

channels

are

used.

When

a

channel

number

and

start

pulse

are

received

from

CPU,

conversion

is

performed

for

that

channel.

The

CPU

is

notified

of

the

completed

conversion

when

it

receives

the

EOC

signal

from

the

ADC

1C.

The

CPU

outputs

the

OE

signal

after

detection

of

EOC,

and

data

is

fetched

from

the

data

bus.

7.

The

Sound

Generation

Circuit

This

circuit

consists

of

4

function

operator

with

8

note

capability.

The

FM

tone

generator

or

operator

and

the

DAC,

generate

the

FM

tones

based

on

data

from

the

CPU.

There

are

two

channels

for

audio

output,

and

different

voices

are

possible

on

each

channel.

8.

The

Chorus

Circuit

This

is

a

phase

modulation

circuit

with

a

128

stage

BBD.

The

effect

is

turned

on/off

by

the

CPU.

9.

The

HP

Circuit

This

is

an

amplification

circuit

for

the

headphones

which

allows

use

of

headphones

having

an

im¬

pedance

of

8

to

150

ohms.

10.

The

Switch

Scan

Circuit

The

switch

scan

circuit

is

connected

directly

to

the

CPU

and

is

capable

of

scanning

128

(8

x

16)

switches.

With

the

DX21,

61

Keyboard

switches

and

42

panel

switches

are

scanned,

for

a

total

of

103

switches.

11.

The

MIDI

circuit

The

MIDI

circuit

is

connected

directly

to

the

CPU

and

has

IN,

OUT,

and

THRU

OUT

terminals,

and

meets

MIDI

standards

VI.

0.

12.

The

Cassette

Interface

Circuit

The

cassette

interface

circuit

connected

is

also

directly

to

the

CPU

and

runs

the

cassette

I/O

at

a

rate

of

1200

baud

which

is

controlled

by

the

CPU

software.

5

DX21

■

TABLE

OF

1C

FUNCTIONS

YM2164

OPP

1

Name

I/O

____________----—

Function

Remarks

Vss

-

GND

'

.I.

IRQ

1RQ

output

port

mm

7c

1

"L"

reset

input

(Active

Low)

Ao

1

Internal

register

selection

signal

input

WT

1

Data

write

request

input

from

CPU

RD

1

Data

read

request

input

from

CPU

•

CS

1

Chip

selection

input

CTl

0

Filter

characteristics

switch

or

control

signal

output

for

voice

synthesizing

CJ2

0

"

D„

I/O

3-state

data

bus

I/O

port

Vss

-

GND

0,

I/O

Bgfli

t

r

3-state

data

I/O

port

■

|fl||B

d

7

I/O

J

SH2

0

T

rnimmi

SHI

0

J

Signal

output

for

L/R

separation

21

So

0

Sound

generation

serial

data

(L/R)

22

Vcc

-

Power

+5V

01

0

Clock

output

for

DAC

synchronization

0M

1

CPU

master

clock

input

for

synchronization

with

CPU

YM3012

DAC

No.

Name

I/O

Remarks

1

Vcc

-

+5V

2

CLOCK

1

Timing

clock

input

for

synchronization

with

OPP

3

GND

-

Digital

GND

IIIIII

DATA

1

Voice

serial

data

input

SAM

1

Data

input

for

sampling

(for

L/R

separation)

6

SAM

2

1

(

"

)

ICL

1

Initial

clear

input

§$0$%

GND

-

Analog

GND

CH

1

0

CHI

(L

ch)

analog

signal

output

WMMii$.

CH

2

0

CH2

(R

ch)

COM

1

L/R

Separation

input

To

BUF

0

DAC

Analog

output

pll

j

Mid.

Point

1

Reference

voltage

input

of

analog

signal

W&MA

BC

0

Bias

compensation

15

RB

0

1/2

Vcc

bias

regulator

output

16

GND

-

6

DX21

■

MIDI

DATA

FORMAT

1.

Transmission

Conditions

ACTIVE

SENSING

NOTE

OFF

NOTE

ON

SUSTAIN

SWITCH

PITCH

BENDER

MODULATION

WHEEL

BREATH

CONTROL

DATA

ENTRY

SLIDER

VOLUME

PORTAMENTO

SWITCH

PROGRAM

CHANGE

PARAMETER

CHANGE

I

VOICE

BULK

32

VOICE

BULK

$FO,

$43,

$On,

$04

2.

Transmission

Data

All

MIDI

data

is

transmitted

when

the

MIDI

ON/OFF

function

is

ON.

The

MIDI

transmission

channel

is

determined

by

the

setting

of

the

MIDI

TRNS

CH

function.

2-1.

CHANNEL

INFORMATION

2-1-1.

Channel

Voice

Message

(1)

Key

Off

Status

lOOOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Note

no.

Okkkkkkk

k=36(C1)

~

96(C6)

Velocity

01000000

DX21

(2)

Key

On

Status

1OOOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Note

no.

Okkkkkkk

k=36(C1)

~

96(C6)

Velocity

01000000

Control

Change

Status

1011nnnn

n=channel

no.

Control

no.

Occccccc

Control

code

Ovvvvvvv

a)

Transmitted

whether

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON

or

OFF

Control

no.

Control

code.

C=64:

Sustain

sw.

V=0:OFF

(

127:ON

b)

Transmitted

when

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON

Control

No.

C=1:

modulation

wheel

C=2:

breath

control

C=6:

data

entry

slider

C=7:

foot

volume

C=65:

portamento

sw.

Control

code

V=0~127

V=0:OFF,

127:ON

(4)

Program

Change

Status

llOOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Program

no.

Oppppppp

p=0~31

This

data

is

transmitted

when

a

voice

selector

is

pressed

during

the

play

mode,

when

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON

and

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

OFF.

Also

transmitted

when

a

performance

selector

is

pressed

in

the

performance

mode.

(5)

Pitch

Bend

Status

IllOnnnn

Code(LSB)

Ouuuuuuu

Code

(MSB)

Ovvvvvvv

The

transmitted

data

is

as

follows:

MSB

00000000

01000000

01111111

LSB

00000000

01111110

n=channel

no.

Lowest

value

Center

value

Highest

value

2-2.

SYSTEM

INFORMATION

2-2-1.

System

Real-time

Message

Active

sensing

Status

11111110

Transmitted

once

approximately

every

200

milliseconds

2-2-2.

System

Exclusive

Message

Trasnmitted

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON

8

DX21

(1)

Parameter

Change

Status

11110000

ID

no.

01000011

Substatus/ch.

no.

0001nnnn

n=channel

no.

Parameter

group

no.

00010010

Perameter

no.

Oppppppp

Data

Oddddddd

EOX

11110111

This

data

is

transmitted

when

voice

or

function

parameters

are

changed

in

the

EDIT

or

FUNCTION

modes.

The

voice

parameters

transmitted

are

those

given

in

voice

parameter

table

5-2,

and

the

function

parameters

transmitted

are

shown

in

function

parameter

table

5-3.

(2)

1

Voice

Bulk

Data

Status

11110000

ID

no.

01000011

Substatus/ch.

no.

OOOOnnnn

n=channei

no.

Format

no.

00000011

Byte

count

00000000

Byte

count

01011101

Data

Oddddddd

j

1

93

bytes

Oddddddd

Checksum

Oeeeeeee

EOX

11110111

The

data

for

one

voice

is

transmitted

when

a

voice

selector

is

pressed

in

the

PLAY

SINGLE

mode.

Data

in

the

voice

edit

buffer

is

transmitted

when

a

format

no.

f=3

dump

request

is

received.

The

transmitted

data

is

showm

in

voice

parameter

table

5-2.

The

checksum

is

the

lowest

7

bits

of

the

two's

complement

sum

of

all

data

bytes

(the

same

applies

below).

(3)

32

Voice

Bluk

Data

Status

11110000

ID

no.

01000011

Substatus/ch.

no.

OOOOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Format

no.

00000100

Byte

count

00100000

Byte

count

00000000

Data

Oddddddd

1

4096

bytes

Oddddddd

Checksum

Oeeeeeee

EOX

11110111

The

data

of

all

32

voices

in

RAM

memory

will

be

transmitted

if

the

YES

(or

BULK)

key

is

pressed

in

response

to

the

"MIDI

Transmit?"

display

which

appears

when

the

BULK

key

is

pressed

in

the

FUNCTION

mode.

The

data

for

all

32

voices

will

also

be

transmitted

when

a

format

no.

f=4

dump

request

is

received.

The

transmitted

data

is

shown

in

voice

data

table

5-1.

55

bytes

of

0's

are

added

to

the

73

bytes

in

this

table,

so

128

bytes

are

transmitted

for

each

voice.

4096

bytes

are

therefore

transmitted

for

all

32

voices.

9

DX21

3.

Reception

Conditions

ACTIVE

SENSING

NOTE

OFF

NOTE

ON/OFF

X

MIDI

\

RECV

CH

\

n

=0

X

-

$Bn,

$40

SUSTAIN

SWITCH

PITCH

BENDER

-$Bn,

$01

MODULATION

SLIDER

■

$Bn,

$02

BREATH

CONTROL

-$Bn,

$05

PORTAMENT

TIME

MIDI

IN

/

MIDI

\

RECV

CH

n?

-

$Bn,

$06

-$Bn,

$07

DATA

ENTRY

LEVEL

VOLUME

-$Bn,

$41

PORTAMENTO

SWITCH

PROGRAM

CHANGE

MEMORY

PROTECT

$F0,

$43,

$1n,

$08

PARAMETER

CHANGE

(SWITCH

REMOTE)

$F0,

$43,

$0n,

$04

32

VOICE

BULK

$F0,

$43,

$1n,

$12

PARAMETER

CHANGE

$F0,

$43,

$0n,

$03

I

VOICE

BULK

$F0,

$43,

$2n,

$03

I

VOICE

BULK

DUMP

REQUEST

$F0,

$43,

$2n,

$04

32

VOICE

BULK

DUMP

REQUEST

OFF

.X

MIDI

X

X—<C

RECV

CH

n?

OMNI

pON

CH

INFO

-$Bn,

$7B

$Bn,

$7F

SBn,

$7E

ALL

NOTE

OFF

MONO

MODE

POLY

MODE

lO

DX21

4.

Reception

Data

All

MIDI

data

is

received

when

the

MIDI

ON/OFF

function

is

ON.

When

a

specific

MIDNreceive

channel

has

been

selected

using

the

MIDI

RECV

CH

function,

and

the

OMNI

mode

is

OFF,

MIDI

data

will

be

received

only

on

the

specified

channel.

MIDI

data

will

be

received

on

all

channels

when

the

OMNI

mode

is

ON.

4-1.

CHANNEL

INFORMATION

4-1-1.

Channel

Voice

Message

(1)

Key

off

Status

1OOOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Note

no.

Okkkkkkk

k=0(C-2)

~

127

(G8)

Velocity

Ovvvvvvv

v

is

ignored

(2)

Key

On/Off

Status

1001nnnn

n=channel

no.

Note

no.

Okkkkkkk

k=0(C-2)

~

127(G8)

Velocity

Ovvvvvvv

v=0:

key

off

v=1

~127:

key

on

The

key

on

note

level

will

vary

according

to

the

received

velocity

value.

The

range

of

this

instrument

is

C-1

to

B6.

If

a

higher

or

lower

key

number

is

received,

it

will

be

output

within

the

range

limits.

For

example,

recieved

C7

through

B7

data

will

be

output

as

notes

in

the

C6

through

B6

range.

(3)

Control

Change

Status

1011nnnn

n=channel

no.

Control

no.

Occccccc

Control

code

Ovvvvvvv

a)

Received

whether

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON

or

OFF

Control

no.

Control

code

C=64:

Sustain

sw.

V=0:OFF,

127:ON

Control

no.

Control

code

C=1:

modulation

wheel

V'=0~127

C=2:

breath

control

V=0~127

C=5:

portamento

time

V=0~127

C=6:

data

entry

slider

V=0~127

C=7:

foot

volume

V=0~127

C=65:

portamento

sw.

V=0:OFF,

127:ON

(4)

Program

Change

Status

11OOnnnn

n=channel

no.

Program

no.

Oppppppp

Received

only

when

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON.

If

received

during

the

PLAY

or

PER¬

FORMANCE

mode

the

voice

or

performance

number

will

be

changed

accordingly.

The

lower

five

bits

of

the

program

no.

contain

the

voice

or

performance

number.

(5)

Pitch

Bend

Status

111Onnnn

n=channel

no.

Code

(LSB)

Ouuuuuuu

Code

(MSB)

Ovvvvvvv

DX21

Function

s

only

on

MSB

data:

MSB

00000000

01000000

01111111

4-1-2.

Channel

Mode

Message

Status

lOHnnnn

Occccccc

Ovvvvvvv

a)

Recived

whether

MIDI

CfH

INFO

is

ON

or

OFF

C=123

V=0

All

notes

OFF

b)

Received

only

when

MIDI

CH

INFO

is

ON

C=126

V=1

MONO

mode

ON

C=127

V=0

POLY

mode

ON

Lowest

value

Center

value

Highest

value

n=channel

no.

4-2.

SYSTEM

INFORMATION

4-2-1.

System

Real-Time

Message

Active

sensing

Status

11111110

Sensing

begins

when

this

code

is

received

once.

If

status

and

data

are

not

received

within

300

milliseconds

the

MIDI

receive

buffer

will

be

cleared

and

the

currently

output

note

will

be

turned

OFF.

4-2-2.

System

Exclusive

Message

(1)

parameter

Change

(swithch

mode)

Status

ID

no.

Substatus/ch.

no.

Parameter

group

Switch

no.

Data

EOX

11110000

01000011

0001nnnn

00001000

Ommmmmmm

Oddddddd

11110111

n=channel

no.

d=0:OFF,

1

~127:ON

All

panel

swithces

are

controlled.

The

switch

numbers

are

arranged

as

shown

in

the

illustration

below.

Receiced

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON.

1

2

DX21

(2)

P

arameter

Change

The

format

is

the

same

as

the

transmitted

parameter

change

data.

Received

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON.

Permits

changing

voice

and

function

parameters

while

the

EDIT

mode

is

active.

It

is

also

possible

to

change

modes:

PLAY,

EDIT,

etc.

The

parameter

no.

and

data

received

are

shown

in

voice

parameter

table

5-2

and

function

parameter

table

5-3.

(3)

1

Voice

Bulk

Data

Received

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON.

The

format

is

the

same

as

for

the

transmitted

1

voice

bulk

data.

The

93

voice

data

bytes

are

read

into

the

voice

edit

buffer,

replacing

the

current

voice

data.

The

93

received

data

bytes

are

shown

in

voice

parameter

table

5-2.

(4)

32

Voice

Bulk

Data

Received

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON.

The

format

is

the

same

as

for

the

transmitted

32

voice

bulk

data.

This

data

can

be

received

only

when

the

MEMOTY

PROTECT

function

is

OFF.

The

received

voice

data

is

stored

in

the

32

RAM

voice

memory

locations.

The

"MIDI

RECEIVED!!"

display

appears

to

confirm

complete

reception

of

32

voice

bulk

data.

(5)

D

u

m

p

Request

Status

ID

no.

Substatus/ch.

no.

Format

no.

EOX

11110000

01000011

001Onnnn

Offfffff

11110111

n=channel

no.

f=3,4

Received

only

when

MIDI

SYS

INFO

is

ON.

When

received

the

bulk

data

corre¬

sponding

to

the

received

format

code

will

be

dumped

via

MIDI

OUT.

f=3:

1

voice

bulk

data

f=4:

32

voice

bulk

data

1

3

DX21

5.

System

Exclusive

Data

5-1.

VOICE

DATA

(VMEM

format)

Parameter

no.

P

Parameter

•

0

ATTACK

RATE

1

DECAY

1

RATE

2

DECAY

2

RATE

3

RELEASE

RATE

4

DECAY

1

LEVEL

OF

4

5

KEYBOARD

SCALING

LEVEL

6

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

ENABLE/EG

BIAS

.

7

SENSITIVITY/KEY

VELOCITY

OUTPUT

LEVEL

8

OSCILLATOR

FREQUENCY

9

KEYBOARD

SCALING

RATE/DETUNE

1

_

10

n

i

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OP

2

19

J

20

1

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OP

3

29

_

30

1

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OP

1

39

40

LFO

SYNC/FEEDBACK

LEVEL/ALGORITHM

41

LFO

SPEED

42

LFO

DELAY

43

PITCH

MODULATION

DEPTH

44

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

DEPTH

45

PITCH

MODULATION

SENSITIVITY/AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

SENSITIVITY/LFO

WAVE

46

TRANSPOSE

47

PITCH

BEND

RANGE

48

CHORUS

SWITCH/PLAY

MODE

.'SUSTAIN

FOOT

SWITCH/PORT

AMENT

FOOT

SWITH,PORTAMENTO

49

MODE

PORTAMENTO

TIME

50

FOOT

VOLUME

51

MODULATION

WHEEL

PITCH

MODULATION

RANGE

:f*52&5

MODULATION

WHEEL

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

RANGE

53

BREATH

CONTROL

PITCH

MODULATION

RANGE

54

BREATH

CONTROL

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

RANGE

55

BREATH

CONTROL

PITCH

BIAS

RANGE

56

BREATH

CONTROL

EG

BIAS

RANGE

57

VOICE

NAME

1

66

VOICE

NAME

10

67

PITCH

EG

RATE

1

68

PITCH

EG

RATE

2

69

PITCH

EG

RATE

3

70

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

1

as?

/i

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

2

7

2

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

3

14

DX21

5-2.

VOICE

PARAMETERS

(VCED

format)

1

Parameter

no.

p

Parameter

LCD

Display

Data

Note

0

ATTACK

RATE

EG

AR

0

—

31

]

DECAY

1

RATE

EG

DIR

0

—

31

2

DECAY

2

RATE

EG

D2R

0

—

31

3

RELEASE

RATE

EG

RR

0

~

15

4

DECAY

1

LEVEL

EG

DIL

0

~

15

5

KEYBOARD

SCALING

LEVEL

SCALE

0

~99

6

KEYBOARD

SCALING

RATE

OP4

RATE

SCALE

0

~

3

7

EG

BIAS

SENSITIVITY

E

BIAS

SENS.

0-7

8

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

ENABLE

A

MOD

SENS.

0

.

1

9

KEY

VELOCITY

KEY

VELOCITY

0-7

10

OUTPUT

LEVEL

OUTPUT

LEVEL

0-99

1

OSCILLATOR

FREOUENCY

0-63

12

DETUNE

1

DETUNE

0-7

13

1

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OP2

25

26

V

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OP3

38

39

1

SAME

AS

FOR

OP4

OPI

51

52

ALGORITHM

SELECT

0-7

53

FEEDBACK

LEVEL

FEEDBACK

0~7

54

LFO

SPEED

LFO

SPEED

0~99

55

LFO

DELAY

LFO

DELAY

0~99

56

PITCK

MODULATION

DEPTH

LFO

PMD

0~99

57

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

DEPTH

LFO

AMD

0

~99

58

LFO

SYNC

LFO

SYNC

0

,

1

59

LFO

WAVE

LFO

WAVE

0~3

60

PETCH

MODULATION

SENSITIVITY

P

MOD

SENS.

0~7

61

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

SENSITIVITY

A

MOD

SENS.

0~7

62

TRANSPOSE

Middle

C

0-48

63

PLAY

MODE

POLY/MONO

Poly

Mode

0

,

1

64

PITCH

BEND

RANGE

P

Bend

Range

0-12

65

PORTAMENTO

MODE

Full

Time

Porta

0

,

1

66

PORTAMENTO

TIME

Porta

Time

0

~99

67

FOOT

VOLUME

Foot

Volume

0-99

68

SUSTAIN

FOOT

SWITCH

Foot

Sustain

0

,

I

69

PORT

AMENT

F~OOT

SWITCH

Foot

Porta

0

,

1

ffllPip

CHORUS

SWITCH

Chorus

0

,

1

MODULATION

WHEEL

PITCH

MODULATION

RANGE

MW

Pitch

0-99

MODULATION

WHEEL

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

RANGE

MW

Amplitude

0

-99

j;

■

BREATH

CONTROL

PITCH

MODULATION

RANGE

BC

Pitch

0

-99

BREATH

CONTROL

AMPLITUDE

MODULATION

RANGE

BC

Amplitude

0-99

BREATH

CONTROL

PITCH

BIAS

RANGE

BC

Pitch

Bias

0

-99

BREATH

CONTROL

EG

BIAS

RANGE

BC

EG

Bias

0-99

VOICE

NAME

1

ASCII

iMillillllllll

•-

10-99

PITCH

EG

RATE

1

PEG

RATE

1

0-99

PITCH

EG

RATE

2

PEG

RATE

2

0-99

PITCH

EG

RATE

3

PEG

RATE

3

0-99

mm

1

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

1

LEVEL

1

0

-99

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

2

LEVEL

2

0

-99

>;A

PITCH

EG

LEVEL

3

LEVEL

3

0

-99

DX21

5-3.

FUNCTION

PARAMETERS

.

_

>

;

-

_

>

Parameter

:

LL-T

■

.

HhSHkI

Note

OPERATOR

ENABLE/DISABLE

0

-

15

OPETATOR

SELECT

0

-

3

EDIT

MODE

1

—

ON

0

FUNCTION

MODE

l=ON

FUNCTION

CONTROL

0

,

1

STORE

MODE

l=ON

MEMORY

STORE

0

,

1

»s

!•

•

PLAY

DUAL

MODE

l=ON

0

,

1

PLAY

SPLIT

MODE

l=ON

0

,

1

X

PLAY

SINGLE

MODE

1

~ON

PLAY

SINGLE

0

,

1

st

DUAL

MODE

DETUNE

Dual

Detune

0

—

99

SPLIT

POINT

0

-127

MASTER

TUNE

$40

=

CENTER

Master

Tune

0

-

1-27

MIDI

SWITCH

1

=

ON

Midi

Switch

0

,

1

MIDI

CH

INFO

Midi

is

OFF!

0

,

1

St

OMNI

0

=

OFF

1

=

ON

Midi

Omni

0

,

1

St

MIDI

TRANS

CH

Midi

Trns

Ch

0

-15

MIDI

RECV

CH

0

=

OMNI

ON

Midi

Recv

Ch

0

~

16

St

"illl

MIDI

SYS

INFO

32

VOICE

BULK

DUMP

Midi

Sy

Info

Midi

Transmit?

0

1

,

1

X

8$

iiiiii

EDIT

RECALL

1

NIT

VOICE

Recall

Edit?

Init.

Voice?

0

,

1

,

1

St

;.-

f

,

'

,

'v.v,:

-'-Vi

lllilillii

-

Jill

MEMORY

PROTECT

l=ON

Mem

Protect

0

,

1

St

Jjv

’

"

J:

J

:

f

S?!

0-vJ

KEY

SHIFT

24

=

CENTER

Key

Shift

0

—

48

PITCH

BEND

MODE

l=ON

Bend

Mode

0

St

KEY

SHIFT

0

,

1

St

bbbbhi

COMPARE

PITCH

BEND

MODE

0

,

1

-

2

St

125

*

Receive

only

16

DX21

17

C

Digital

Programmable

Algorithm

Synthesiser

]

Date

:

3/9,

1985

Model

DX21

MIDI

Implementation

Chart

Version

:

1.2

Transmitted

Function

Recognised

Remarks

Basic

Channel

Default

Changed

:

1

-

16

:

1

-

16

:

1

-

:

1

-

Default

T

—-

:

3

'

1,

2

Mode

Messages

:

x

:

POLY

Altered

•

^

IK

<K

IK

!K

IK

:

x

memorised

Mote

:

36

-

96

:

0

-

127

Number

:

True

voice:

XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

:

0

-

127

-+-+-

Velocity

Mote

OM

Mote

OFF

x

9nH,v=64

x

8nH,v=64

o

v=l-127

x

After

Touch

Key’s

Ch’s

x

X

Pitch

Bender

o

0-12

semi

7

bit

resolution

Control

Change

1

o

XI

o

XI

Modulation

wheel

2

o

XI

o

XI

Breath

control

5

X

o

XI

Portamento

time

6

o

XI

X

Data

entry

knob

7

o

XI

o

XI

Foot

volume

64

o

Sustain

foot

sw

65

o

XI

o

XI

Portamento

f

sw

96

o

XI

X

Data

entry

+1

97

o

XI

X

Data

entry

-1

-+

-

+

-

:

o

0

-

31

:

o

0

-

127

:

XXXXXXXXXXXXXX

:

0-31

Prog

Change

:

True

#

-+-

X2

t

o

System

Exclusive

X2

:Voice

parameters

-

+

-

System

Song

Pos

:

x

:

x

:

Song

Sel

:

x

:

x

:

Common

Tune

:

x

:

x

:

-+-

System

:Clock

:

x

Real

Time

:Commands:

x

-

x

X

-+-

Aux

:Local

OM/OFF

:All

Motes

OFF

Mes-

:Active

Sense

sages:Reset

x

X

o

X

o

(123,126,127)

o

X

-+-

Motes:

All

MIDI

communications

are

enabled

if

MIDI

switch

is

on,

XI

=

transmit/receive

if

CH

information

switch

is

on.

12

=

transmit/receive

if

system

information

switch

is

on,

+-

Mode

1

Mode

3

OMMI

OM,

POLY

Mode

2

OMMI

OFF,

POLY

Mode

4

OMMI

OM,

MOMO

OMMI

OFF,

MOMO

o

X

Yes

Mo

■

CIRCUIT

BOARDS

•

DM

Circuit

Board

(NA8

I

4720)

I,

:

;

•;

i?%&.

&&&w

■

k

»

'

01

cod

ciapag

✓

.—.

r"vr;

'

r

I...

•-v.<r.

J

!~'v;

7

C3C

^b

r

OO

f

O.,0'!

O

i

V

,

•

AD

Circuit

Board

/U.S.

model.NA8

I

4340

Canadian

model.NA8

I

4360

Qeneral

model.

NA8

I

4350

West

Germany

&

Australian

models

.

NA

8

1

4

810

DX21

•

PCA

Circuit

Board

(NX

8

OI

6

OO)

•

PCB

Circuit

Board

(NX80

I

6

I

O)

O

2

Yamaha DX21 User manual

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