AGD 331 User manual

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PRODUCT MANUAL
©AGD Systems Limited 2016 Doc. Ref. 331 PM ISS2
331
Low Power In-Sign Radar Traffic Detector

2
INTRODUCTION
Product & technology 3
Key features 3
Product introduction 4
Typical applications 5
Product overview 5
INSTALLATION
Radar mounting 6
Radar installation - Range 7
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW
Power & communications 8-9
RADAR CHARACTERISTICS
General 10
Antenna plots 11
Frequency variants 12
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
Radar command overview 13
Command list 14-15
Output configuration string 16
RS232 output message 17
Firmware update 18
Dip switch SW2 configuration 19
Dip switch SW1 configuration 20
Rotary switch SW3 configuration 21
HELP
Troubleshooting 22-24
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Product specification 25
MANUFACTURING TEST PROCESS
Hyperion Test Equipment 26
END OF LIFE - DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS (EOL)
AGD331 radar traffic detector 27
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Safety precautions 28
Low power non-ionising radio transmission and safety 29
DISCLAIMER 32
Warranty 32
TABLE OF CONTENTS

3
INTRODUCTION
PRODUCT & TECHNOLOGY
KEY FEATURES
• Target speeds reported based upon multiple
configurable parameters
• Range to target up to 180 metres
• Speed measurement 11kph – 160kph
• Bi-directional discrimination
• Two independent FET switched outputs
• RS232 serial communications for configuration and data output
• Simple set-up option using rotary switches
• Patent pending
331
The 331 detector is a true ranging FMCW radar
designed for OEM integration into Vehicle
Actuated Sign (VAS) applications.
Operating in the 24GHz K-band, the 331 offers
accurate speed and range measurement while
discriminating between advancing and
receding traffic.
Technical advancements allow for extremely
low power consumption while maintaining
vehicle detection distances up to
180 metres.

4
INTRODUCTION
PRODUCT INTRODUCTION
The 331 radar is a ground-up development by AGD using the latest power saving radar technology. The heart of
the radar’s design is a unique pulsed, frequency modulated transceiver linked to a 32bit ARM Cortex processor.
This helps deliver market leading radar performance while maintaining extremely low power usage.
Traditional Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler radars for sign driving applications have no ranging capability.
The 331 contains filter-down technology from AGD high grade enforcement products, this furnishes the radar
with a full multi-target acquisition platform, accurate range measurement, and adjustable output rate of targets.
To the VAS designer, this simply means the system power is more efficiently managed by the ability to select the
area of interest accurately (regardless of vehicle size).
Designed to be simple to use and quickly deployed into the end users sign solution, the 331 range and low speed
can be set-up and adjusted via rotary and dip switches conveniently located on the rear of the unit. Additional
parameters are accessible via an RS232 serial interface.
Utilising the same compact form factor as the AGD 330 radar, the 331 radar offers a direct physical retrofit
solution, for those wishing to add more functionality.

5
INTRODUCTION
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Sign Activation - Speed Sign Activation - Warning
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
Power-up and output
detect LED
Power input, RS232
and switched output
connections
Expansion socket
Switch 1
(Low speed threshold)
Switch 3 (Range)
Switches 2 (DIP)
* SW1 and SW3 can only be used to set the low speed threshold and range on switched output 1

6
INSTALLATION
RADAR MOUNTING
Installation of the radar within the sign should be in
accordance with the table below which specifies the
spacing (D) of the radar module PCB assembly from the
inside front surface of the sign. These measurements
are based upon a typical polycarbonate fascia and have
been tested to provide optimum radar performance.
In the instance of different thickness front panel
materials, customers are advised to contact AGD
systems for further information and technical support.
Standard fixing of the radar module is based upon a set
of four mounting holes with the dimensions shown in
the diagram on the right.
The recommended material situated in front of a K-Band radar is 4mm thick polycarbonate.
The relatively wide beam profile of the K-band radar module ensures good detection coverage of single or dual
lane approaches with relatively little adjustment of the sign in relation to the direction of approaching targets.
Mounting of the radar within the sign is recommended at between two and five metres from the ground
(optimum 3m).
D=15mm
62mm
55mm 65mm
The radars planar antenna
should be 90
0
to the road
surface, inclines in the road
surface should be catered
for by adjusting the 331
radars mounting angle.
Front screen material thickness Recommended Spacing D Comments
0.5mm 15mm +/- 1mm Spacing for 0.5mm material is not critical
1.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
2.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
3.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
4.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm Spacing for 4mm material is not critical
5.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
6.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
Holes 4mmØ

7
INSTALLATION
RADAR INSTALLATION - RANGE
The 331 is a true ranging radar that allows the user to select at what range the radar needs to start reporting on
tracked targets.
Each target needs to return sufficient signal in order for the radar to track its range. A target returns signal
related to its Radar Cross Section (RCS) which is in part related to the reflecting area of the target. Targets that
have a larger Radar Cross Section (RCS) will return a higher signal than those with a smaller RCS.
For example: If the detection range is set at 80 metres then all targets that have enough reflective power before
this point will be tracked. Only when the target is at 80 metres will detection occur, allowing for accurate
actuation of the sign at the correct range.
Maximum
Range 180m
Dual Lane
Detection 25m
Minimum
Range 16m

8
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW
POWER & COMMUNICATIONS
Terminal Connections
Pin No. Function Power Off Power On - No Detect Power On - Detect
1 +5.5 to 15V dc - - -
2 0V dc / RS232 GND / Switched GND - - -
3 RS232 TX - - -
4 RS232 RX - - -
5 Switched Output 1 (FET1) High ΩHigh ΩLow Ω
6 Switched Output 2 (FET2) High ΩHigh ΩLow Ω
7 No function - - -
Power
The radar is powered using a DC voltage in the range
of 5.5 – 15V dc. The power is applied to terminals 1 and 2
located at the bottom of the radar.
Power consumption 15mA @12V
* Please note that terminal 2 also serves as the
RS232 GND connection and the 0V potential
for FET 1 and 2 switched outputs.
Power-Up Sequence
Upon initialisation from power-up or *REBOOT! the LED will
flash five times to indicate the radar has powered-up correctly.
FET Switched Outputs
The switched outputs are driven via Field Effect Transistors (FET) that are
biased toward 0V. All external equipment should be connected to the same 0V.
When the FET is low impedance (<25Ω), the host equipment will be at the same potential as 0V.
When the FET is high impedance (>100kΩ), this will be the same as an open switch.
The field effect transistors are rated at:
Max Voltage 15V
Max Current 50mA
*All connections should be made to the unit before applying power.
15mA
5.5 6 8 10 12 14 15
331 CURRENT
Supply voltage (v)
Supply current (mA)
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
9
8
5.5 6 8 10 12 14 15
331 CURRENT
Supply voltage (v)
Supply current (mA)
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
15mA
65mA - AGD330
FIG 1: SUPPLY CURRENT VS. SUPPLY VOLTAGE

9
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW
POWER & COMMUNICATIONS
RS232 UART Interface
A UART interface is provided that uses RS232 voltage levels on the terminal connector:
Communications can be established with the 331 Radar using MS-226 (FTDI USB-232 converter) cable assembly
(pictured) supplied separately. The wire ends should be connected as
FTDI Wire Colour 331 Terminal Connection Function
Black 2Ov
Yellow 3TXD
Orange 4RXD
DEFAULT UART SETTINGS
Parameter Setting
Baud rate 115200
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow Control (handshaking) None
Transmit Delay 0

RADAR CHARACTERISTICS
GENERAL
Radar Antenna
The antenna design is a planar patch array with the following performance:
Operating Frequency Band and Power
The radar frequency and power is as follows:
10
Parameter Specified Notes
Horizontal Beam-width 30˚ approx -3dB
Vertical Beam-width 30˚ approx -3dB
Side-lobe Suppression 16dB Minimum
E-Field Vertical Plane Polarised
Parameter Specified Notes
Centre Frequency 24.200GHz* FCC variant uses 24.125GHz
Frequency Modulation 14MHz
Power <100mW eirp
Field Strength <500mV/m @3m
Transmit Duration Time 10mS
ITU Code 13M3FXN

RADAR CHARACTERISTICS
ANTENNA PLOTS
Angle (Degrees)
11

1212
IMPORTANT
RADAR CHARACTERISTICS
FREQUENCY VARIANTS
Several versions of this product are available at frequency options which are for use in different
geographic regions related to the radio requirements of that specific jurisdiction as follows;
Frequency Variant EU Country of Use Other Countries Notes
24.200GHz UK, IE, BE, DK, ES, FI, EL, IT, NL, PT, SE, NO, FR AU,NZ,ZA,KR,TR
24.125GHz USA FCC Compliant
Variant
This table is periodically updated: if the required country is not shown please enquire on availability.
These products may not be used in the following geographic regions;
Restriction Type EU Country Other Countries
Relevant 24GHz Band not allocated
Licence Required for Use
Frequency Allocated but EIRP too high
It is important to note that this table is updated from time to time. Please contact AGD for latest
information if your intended country of use is not currently represented.
(Note: Countries are listed by their ISO 3166 2 letter code)
none currently identified

1313
IMPORTANT
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
RADAR COMMAND OVERVIEW
Commands can be used to control the operation of radar. These are sent over the RS232 UART Link.
Commands are immediately followed by an operator that indicates the required action. Not all the operators
are supported for all commands. Where an operator is used and it is not supported the radar will respond with
warning message. The table shows the commands used by the radar.
Operator Operation
=Set a parameter to a value e.g. *LS=50<CR>
?Respond with value or values
^Set default value for parameter
$Provide help on the command
!Do something e.g. *REBOOT! Reboots the radar
Command Operators
Where a command is used to enquire or set a radar parameter the radar will respond in a set way. The radar
will respond with a hash, #, followed by the command name, operator used and then the value of parameter or
parameters.
For example
*DIR=A<CR> Radar responds with #DIR=A<CR>
*DIR?<CR> Radar responds with #DIR?A<CR>
Communication Tasks
The operation of the 331 radar has been optimised as a low power device with minimal processing overhead.
It is good practice to not ‘overrun’ the communication line with repeated send commands when the radar is
operational.
Command requests to store settings are written to EEPROM each time they are sent from the host system,
repeated sending of commands will erode the lifetime capacity of the radars non-volatile memory.

14
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
COMMAND LIST
Command Suffixes Description Default Lower
Limit Upper Limit Comments
AGD -Shows detector type & version
information
N/A N/A Reports radar model and
version information
*BAUD ?
=
^
$
Baud rate for RS232 115200 9600 115200 9600 or 115200
*DEFAULTS !
$
Set all parameters to their calibrated
defaults
----
*DEFAULTSTATS !
$
Resets the number of target detections
as reported by *STATUS? command
----
*HELP ?
$
!
Displays all user commands ----
*STATUS ?
$
Reports
Firmware version /Life /Status /Since
----
*OUT1 ?
=
^
$
Controls switched output 1
Mode = detect / disabled
Lowspeed threshold = 11
high speed threshold = 160
Maximum range =180
Direction = A
*OUT1 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT1=disabled<CR>
Note: OUT1 can wstill be set
with SW1 and SW3
*OUT2 ?
=
^
$
Controls switched output 2
Mode = detect / disabled
Lowspeed threshold = 11
high speed threshold = 160
Maximum range = 180
Direction = A
*OUT2 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT2=disabled<CR>
*OUT3 ?
=
^
$
Controls RS232 output
Mode = detect / disabled
Lowspeed threshold = 11
high speed threshold = 160
Maximum range = 180
Direction = A
*OUT3 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT3=disabled<CR>
*MM ?
^
$
=
Targets reporting method
1 = Fastest Target
2 = Oldest valid tracked target
3 = Average Speed of oldest tracked
target
213
*MS ?
=
^
$
Message type
02 = *dd (10 fps)
06 = *Sddd (10 fps)
09 = *Sddd (5fps)
12 = Speed & Direction
12 02 12
*REBOOT !
$
Forces firmware to restart ----
*TEMP ?
$
Reports current temperature of radar
(few degrees above ambient)
----
*HOLDTIME ?
=
^
$
The time the Switched output is held
on after the target has left the detection
zone
Setting global to both outputs
500 10 2000 Values are in Milliseconds

15
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
COMMAND LIST CONTINUED
Command Suffixes Description Default Lower
Limit Upper Limit Comments
*LED ?
=
^
$
* LED = ON, OFF\r
Turns LED on and mimics
switched output 1
ON OFF ON Off will help lower the current
consumption
*MONITOR ?
=
^
$
Switched output 1 will produce
a constant demand if no target
is seen for the duration of the
monitor time
0072 Hours where 0 is off
*SU ?
=
^
$
Changes the radar’s speed unit
*SU = K<CR>
#SU = K
K--K = kph
M = mph
*TS ?
=
^
$
Simulates a target to test all
outputs
*TS=1<CR>
#TS=1
001FET 1 and 2 are set to a
permanent detect (low
impedance) state
RS232 streams constant
88mph / 88 kph using current
message output setting (*MS)
Note: 1 mph = 1.6093 kph

16
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
OUTPUT CONFIGURATION STRING
Using the terminal application via the RS232 it is possible to set up both switched outputs as independent
triggers by adding values to *OUT command string. The string will need a carriage return for the setting to be
committed to memory.
Prefix Bytes Value Minimum Maximum Default Notes
*Command - - - *OUT
Switched Output
-
1 3
-
Identifies which output you set
OUT 1 = FET 1
OUT 2 = FET 2
OUT 3 = RS232
Mode detect=speeding target accusation
Count=counts at dedicated range*
disabled=output disabled
Only selectable on *OUT2
- - -
Function of Switch output
Detect
Count (OUT 2 only)
Disabled
LST -7 mph
11 kph
98 mph
159 kph -Minimum speed the radar will
report on
HST -8 mph
12 kph
99 mph
160 kph -Maximum speed the radar will
report on
Maximum Range
-
40 180
-
The up to maximum a target can be
seen in metres
Direction A = Advance
R = Reccede
B = Bidirectional
- - A A / R / B
Example: *OUT1 = detect, 30, 50, 70, A <CR>
Will set output 1 to detect targets between 30 and 50 (mph or kph depending on the value of *SU) up to a range
of 70 metres when they are advancing towards the radar.
Example: *OUT1=disabled <CR>
Will disable output 1 from operation in RS232 mode. However, the output can still be set using SW1 and SW3.
*Command Switched Output Mode LST HST Maximum Range Direction

17
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
RS232 OUTPUT MESSAGE
The speed of a single target of interest can be reported using the RS232 connection. This is typically used to
display the actual speed of a target as it approaches the sign.
The *OUT3 command allows the user to filter which target to report by it’s speed, range and direction.
In the case of multiple valid targets at any one time, the *MM command allows the user to decide which target
to report:
*MM=2 (default, recommended)
report the valid target that’s been tracked for the longest period of time
e.g. a valid target travelling at 32km/hr will be reported even if a new 50km/hr target is seen
3 seconds later
*MM=3
report the average speed of the valid target that’s been tracked for the longest period of time
e.g. a valid target travelling around 32km/hr (±2km/hr) will have its average speed reported over
the duration it’s been tracked, even if a new 50km/hr target is seen 3 seconds later
*MM=1 (not recommended)
report the valid target with the fastest speed, regardless of distance from the sign or duration of
the track.
e.g. a valid target travelling at 32km/hr will no longer be reported when a new 50km/hr target is
seen 3 seconds later
The *MS command controls the format of a reported message & the rate at which they are sent (these selected
formats are backwards-compatible with the AGD330 sign-activation radar):
Command Output format
Output update rate
(Frames Per
Second)
Example -
30kph advancing target
Example -
160kph receding target
*MS=2 dd<CR> 10 30<CR> 160<CR>
*MS=6 *Sddd<CR> 10 *S030<CR> *S160<CR>
*MS=9 *Sddd<CR> 5*S030<CR> *S160<CR>
*MS=12 ddd,A<CR> 1030,A<CR> 160,R<CR>
*As the target moves through the radar beam and ceases to no longer detect, a speed of zero will be transmitted
on all message types in the format selected.

18
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
FIRMWARE UPDATE
The 331 radar is designed to be re-flashable with firmware updates. Please contact AGD technical support for
further instruction.

Switch 1
(Low speed threshold)
Switch 3 (Range)
Switch 2 (DIP)
DIP SWITCH SW2 CONFIGURATION
19
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
DIP SWITCH SW2 - FOUR POSITION
4 Position Switch Number Function
LED output
On = LED on for each detect of switched output 1
Off = No LED activation
Test mode
Activates FET 1, FET 2 outputs and reports simulated target
information over RS232
(Replicates the RS232 *TS function)
Priority vehicle to report
On = Fastest tracked target
Off = Longest tracked target
Count mode
On = Count on switched output 2
Off = Output 2 disabled
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
N.B. These switch values are ignored if SW1 and SW3 are both set to zero

Rotary
Switch
Position
Low Speed
Threshold
kph
Low Speed
Threshold
mph
11 7
36 22
50 31
53 33
71 44
Rotary
Switch
Position
Low Speed
Threshold
kph
Low Speed
Threshold
mph
80 50
96 60
106 66
124 77
RS232 mode.
Switches
inoperable
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20
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
Only switched output one
is configurable via these
switches.
Rotary switch 1 - This sets
the Low Speed Threshold
(LST) of the radar. The low
speed threshold is that speed
below which the radar will not
detect targets. Eg if the LST is
set to 55km/hr the radar will
only activate the output for
targets travelling at 55km/hr
or greater.
Ensure Rotary Switch 1 is set
to 0 for configuring via RS232.
Further adjustment to
switched output 1 and 2
outside of the designated
values are made via the
RS232 connection.
ROTARY SWITCH SW1 CONFIGURATION
Rotary Switch 1 Settings - 10 positions