AGD 331 User manual

PRODUCT MANUAL
© AGD Systems Limited 2019 Doc. Ref 331 PM ISS8
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR

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AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
INTRODUCTION
Product & technology 3
Key features 3
Typical applications 3
Product overview image 4
Product variants 4
Product overview 4
INSTALLATION
Radar mounting 5
Radar installation - range 6
SYSTEM HARDWARE OVERVIEW
Power & communications 7-8
RADAR COMMANDS & CONFIGURATION
Radar command overview 9
Command list 10-11
Output configuration string 12
RS232 output message 13
Radar count output 14
Firmware update 15
Dynamic Frame Rate 15
Dip switch SW2 configuration 16
Dip switch SW1 configuration 17
Rotary switch SW3 configuration 18
HELP
Troubleshooting 19-21
RADAR CHARACTERISTICS
General 22
Antenna plots 23
Frequency variants 24
TECHNICAL SPECIFICATIONS
Product specification 25
MANUFACTURING TEST PROCESS
Ariel Test Equipment 26
CERTIFICATION 27
END OF LIFE - DISPOSAL INSTRUCTIONS (EOL) 28
IMPORTANT SAFETY INFORMATION
Safety precautions 29
Low power non-ionising radio transmission
and safety 30
DISCLAIMER 32
Warranty 32
Contact Details 32
Setup
SIMPLE MECHANICAL SWITCH SET-UP
safer, greener, more eicient
Table of Contents

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AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
The 331 detector is a true ranging FMCW radar
designed for OEM integration into Vehicle
Actuated Sign (VAS) applications.
Operating in the 24GHz K-band, the 331 oers an
accurate speed measurement while discriminating
between advancing and receding traic.
Technical advancements allow for extremely
low power consumption while maintaining vehicle
detection distances up to 180 metres.
Introduction
PRODUCT & TECHNOLOGY
KEY FEATURES
• Target speeds reported based upon multiple configurable parameters
• Range to target up to 180 metres
• Speed measurement 11kph – 160kph
• Bi-directional discrimination
• Dynamic frame rate for further reduction in power consumption (Patent pending)
• Two independent FET switched outputs
• RS232 serial communications for configuration and data output
• Simple set-up option using rotary switches
TYPICAL APPLICATIONS
Sign Activation - Speed Sign Activation - Warning

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Introduction
PRODUCT OVERVIEW
The 331 radar is a ground-up development by AGD using the latest power saving radar technology. The heart of
the radar’s design is a unique pulsed, frequency modulated transceiver linked to a 32bit ARM Cortex processor.
This helps deliver market leading radar performance while maintaining extremely low power usage.
Traditional Continuous Wave (CW) Doppler radars for sign driving applications have no ranging capability.
The 331 contains filter-down technology from AGD enforcement products, this furnishes the radar with a full
multi-target acquisition platform, accurate range measurement, and adjustable output rate of targets. To the
VAS designer, this simply means the system power is more eiciently managed by the ability to select the area of
interest accurately (regardless of vehicle size).
Designed to be simple to use and quickly deployed into the end users sign solution, the 331 range and low speed
can be set-up and adjusted via rotary and dip switches conveniently located on the rear of the unit. Additional
parameters are accessible via an RS232 serial interface. Utilising the same compact form factor as the AGD 330
radar, the 331 radar oers a direct physical retrofit solution, for those wishing to add more functionality.
PRODUCT OVERVIEW IMAGE
Power-up and output
detect LED
Power input, RS232
and switched output
connections
Switch 1
(Low speed threshold)
Switch 3 (Range)
Switches 2 (DIP)
* SW1 and SW3 can only be used to set the low speed threshold and range on switched output 1
PRODUCT VARIANTS
Product No. Description
331-102-000 In sign radar/12V/24.2GHz/RS232/No connection cables
331-103-000 In sign radar/12V/24.125GHz/RS232/No connection cables (FCC)

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Installation
RADAR MOUNTING
Installation of the radar within the sign should be in
accordance with the table below which specifies the
spacing (D) of the radar module PCB assembly from the
inside front surface of the sign. These measurements
are based upon a typical polycarbonate fascia and have
been tested to provide optimum radar performance.
In the instance of dierent thickness front panel
materials, customers are advised to contact AGD systems
for further information and technical support.
Standard fixing of the radar module is based upon a set
of four mounting holes with the dimensions shown in
the diagram on the right.
The recommended material situated in front of the 331 is 4mm thick polycarbonate.
The relatively wide beam profile of the 331 ensures good detection coverage of single or dual lane approaches
with relatively little adjustment of the sign in relation to the direction of approaching targets.
The recommended mounting height of the radar within the sign is between 2-5 meters with the optimum
being 3 metres.
D=15mm 72mm
62mm
55mm
Holes 4mmØ
65mm
The radars planar antenna
should be 90
0
to the road
surface, inclines in the
road surface should be
catered for by adjusting
the 331 radars mounting
angle.
Front screen material thickness Recommended Spacing D Comments
0.5mm 15mm +/- 1mm Spacing for 0.5mm material is not critical
1.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
2.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
3.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
4.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm Spacing for 4mm material is not critical
5.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm
6.0mm 15mm +/- 1mm

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Installation
RADAR INSTALLATION - RANGE
The 331 is a true ranging radar that allows the user to select at what range the radar needs to start reporting on
tracked targets.
Each target needs to return suicient signal in order for the radar to track its range. A target returns signal
related to its Radar Cross Section (RCS) which is in part related to the reflecting area of the target. Targets that
have a larger RCS will return a higher signal than those with a smaller RCS.
For example: If the detection range is set at 80 metres then all targets that have enough reflective power before
this point will be tracked. Only when the target reaches 80 metres will detection occur, allowing for accurate
actuation of the sign at the correct range.
Maximum
Range 180m
Dual Lane
Detection 25m
Minimum
Range 16m

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System Hardware Overview
POWER & COMMUNICATIONS
Terminal Connections
Pin No. Function Power Off Power On - No Detect Power On - Detect
1 +5.5 to 15Vdc - - -
2 0Vdc / RS232 GND / Switched GND - - -
3 RS232 TX - - -
4 RS232 RX - - -
5 Switched Output 1 (FET1) N/O N/O N/C
6 Switched Output 2 (FET2) N/O N/O N/C
7 0Vdc / RS232 GND / Switched GND - - -
Power
The radar is powered using a DC voltage in the range
of 5.5 – 15Vdc. The power is applied to terminals 1 and 2
located at the bottom of the radar.
Power consumption whilst detecting 15mA @ 12V
Power consumption whilst not detecting with default dynamic
frame rate set 10.5mA @12V (see page 15 for further detail)
* Please note that terminal 2 and 7 also serves as the
RS232 GND connection and the 0V potential
for FET 1 and 2 switched outputs.
Power-Up Sequence
Upon initialisation from power-up or *REBOOT! the LED will
flash five times to indicate the radar has powered-up correctly.
FET Switched Outputs
The switched outputs are driven via Field Eect Transistors (FET) that are
biased toward 0V. All external equipment should be connected to the same 0V.
When the FET is low impedance (<25Ω), the host equipment will be at the same potential as 0V.
When the FET is high impedance (>100kΩ), this will be the same as an open switch.
The field eect transistors are rated at:
Max Voltage 15V
Max Current 50mA
*All connections should be made to the unit before applying power.
15mA
5.5 6 8 10 12 14 15
331 CURRENT
Supply voltage (v)
Supply current (mA)
30
28
26
24
22
20
18
16
14
12
10
9
8
5.5 6 8 10 12 14 15
331 CURRENT
Supply voltage (v)
Supply current (mA)
70
65
60
55
50
45
40
35
30
25
20
15
10
5
15mA
65mA - AGD330
FIG 1: SUPPLY CURRENT VS. SUPPLY VOLTAGE
KEY:
___
Detect
___
Non Detect (default DFR)

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System Hardware Overview
POWER & COMMUNICATIONS
RS232 UART Interface
A UART interface is provided that uses RS232 voltage levels on the terminal connector:
Default UART Settings
Communications can be established with the 331 Radar using MS-226 (FTDI USB-232 converter) cable assembly
(pictured) supplied separately. The wire ends should be connected as follows:
FTDI Wire Colour 331 Terminal Connection Function
Black 2 or 7 Ov
Yellow 3 TXD
Orange 4 RXD
Parameter Settings
Baud rate 115200
Data bits 8
Parity None
Stop bits 1
Flow control (handshaking) None
Transmit delay 0

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Radar Commands and Configuration
RADAR COMMAND OVERVIEW
Commands can be used to control the operation of radar. These are sent over the RS232 UART Link.
Commands are immediately followed by an operator that indicates the required action. Not all the operators
are supported for all commands. Where an operator is used and it is not supported the radar will respond with
warning message. The table shows the commands used by the radar.
Operator Operation
= Set a parameter to a value e.g. *LS=50<CR>
? Respond with value or values
^ Set default value for parameter
$ Provide help on the command
! Do something e.g. *REBOOT! Reboots the radar
Command Operators
Where a command is used to enquire or set a radar parameter the radar will respond in a set way. The radar
will respond with a hash, #, followed by the command name, operator used and then the value of parameter or
parameters.
For example
*DIR=A<CR> Radar responds with #DIR=A<CR>
*DIR?<CR> Radar responds with #DIR?A<CR>
Communication Tasks
The operation of the 331 radar has been optimised as a low power device with minimal processing overhead.
It is good practice to not ‘overrun’ the communication line with repeated send commands when the radar is
operational.
Command requests to store settings are written to EEPROM each time they are sent from the host system,
repeated sending of commands will erode the lifetime capacity of the radars non-volatile memory.

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Radar Commands and Configuration
COMMAND LIST
Command Suffixes Description Default Lower
Limit
Upper
Limit
Comments
AGD -Shows detector type & version
information
---Reports radar model and
version information
*BAUD ?
=
^
$
Baud rate for RS232 115200 9600 115200 9600 or 115200
*note - the customers selected
baud rate is always reported at
115200 on start up
*COUNTDIR ?
=
^
$
Enquire / set the direction of vehicle count A--A = Advancing
R = Receding
B = Bi-Directional
*DEFAULTS !
$
Set all radar parameters to their default
values
----
*DEFAULTSTATS !
$
Resets the number of target detections as
reported by *STATUS? command
----
*DFR ?
=
^
Dynamic frame rate.
When set to a value >1, if the radar does
not detect a potential target it will not
transmit again for the set number of
frames
2020 This is used to further reduce
power consumption. See
page 15.
*HELP ?
$
!
Displays all user commands ----
*HOLDTIME ?
=
^
$
The time the switched output is held on
after the target has left the detection zone
setting global to both outputs
500 10 2000 Values are in milliseconds
*LED ?
=
^
$
Enquire / set the operation of the LED on
the rear of the unit.
ON OFF ON *LED=0 turns off LED
*LED=1 turns on LED and
mimics *OUT1 on LED
Off will help lower the current
consumption
*MM ?
^
$
=
Targets reporting method
1 = Fastest target
2 = Oldest valid tracked target
3 = Average Speed of oldest tracked target
213-
*MONITOR ?
=
^
$
Switched output 1 will produce a constant
demand if no target is seen for the
duration of the monitor time
0072 Hours where 0 is off
*MS ?
=
^
$
Message type
02 = dd(10fps)
06 = *Sddd (10 fps)
09 = *Sddd (5fps)
12 = ddd,D Where D is A for advancing and
R is for receding
12 02 12 -

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Radar Commands and Configuration
COMMAND LIST CONTINUED
Command Suffixes Description Default Lower
Limit
Upper
Limit
Comments
*OUT1 ?
=
^
$
Controls switched output 1
Mode = detect / disabled
Low speed threshold
High speed threshold
Maximum range
Direction = A / R / B
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11kph
12kph
40m
-
-
-
159kph
160kph
180m
-
*OUT1 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT1=disabled<CR>
Note: OUT1 can still be set with
SW1 and SW3
*OUT2 ?
=
^
$
Controls switched output 2
Mode = detect / disabled / count
Low speed threshold
High speed threshold
Maximum range
Direction = A / R / B
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11kph
12kph
40m
-
-
-
159kph
160kph
180m
-
*OUT2 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT2 = count
*OUT2 = disabled
*OUT3 ?
=
^
$
Controls RS232 output
Mode = detect / disabled
Low speed threshold
High speed threshold
Maximum range
Direction = A / R / B
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
11kph
12kph
40m
-
-
-
159kph
160kph
180m
-
*OUT3 = detect, 11, 160, 180,
A<CR>
*OUT3 = disabled
*REBOOT !
$
Forces firmware to restart - - - -
*STATUS ?
$
Gives a detailed report showing
firmware version, run time, output
settings, hold time, baud rate and radar
temperature
----
*SU ?
=
^
$
Changes the radar’s speed unit
*SU = K<CR>
#SU = K
K - - K = kph
M = mph
*TEMP ?
$
Reports the temperature of the radar
processor in Degrees Celsius.
----
*TS ?
=
^
$
Simulates a target to test all outputs
*TS=1<CR>
#TS=1
0 0 1 FET 1 and 2 are set to a
permanent detect (low
impedance) state
RS232 streams constant
88mph / 88kph using current
message output setting (*MS)
*ZEROSPEED ?
=
^
$
Enables or disables the outputting of a
zero speed message to shut down sign
after holdtime has expired
1 0 1 *Zerospeed=0 disables the
output of 0 speed as the unit
exits detect state
*Zerospeed=1 enables the
output of 0 speed
Note: 1 mph = 1.6093 kph

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Radar Commands and Configuration
OUTPUT CONFIGURATION STRING
Using the terminal application via the RS232 it is possible to set up both switched outputs as independent
triggers by adding values to *OUT command string. The string will need a carriage return for the setting to be
committed to memory.
Prefix Bytes Value Minimum Maximum Default Notes
*Command - - - -
*OUT - followed by switched output
you require
Switched Output
-
1 3
-
Identifies which output you set
*OUT1 = FET1
*OUT2 = FET2
*OUT3 = RS232
Mode detect=speeding target
accusation
Count=counts at dedicated
range*
disabled=output disabled
*Only selectable on *OUT2
- - -
Function of Switch output
Detect
Count (*OUT 2 only)
Disabled
LST -7 mph
11 kph
98 mph
159 kph -Minimum speed the radar will
report on
HST -8 mph
12 kph
99 mph
160 kph -Maximum speed the radar will
report on
Maximum Range
-
40m 180m
-
The maximum range that the
radar will report targets.
Direction A = Advance
R = Recede
B = Bidirectional
- - A A / R / B
Example: *OUT1 = detect, 30, 50, 70, A<CR>
Will set output 1 to detect targets between 30 and 50 (mph or kph depending on the value of *SU) up to a range
of 70 metres when they are advancing towards the radar.
Example: *OUT1=disabled<CR>
Will disable FET output 1 from operation in RS232 mode. However, the output can still be set using SW1 and SW3.
Example: *OUT2=count<CR>
Will enable the count function on FET output 2 only, and will also provide a count data line in the RS232 output.
*Command Switched Output Mode LST HST Maximum Range Direction

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Radar Commands and Configuration
RS232 OUTPUT MESSAGE
The speed of a single target of interest can be reported using the RS232 connection. This is typically used to
display the actual speed of a target as it approaches the sign.
The *OUT3 command allows the user to filter which target to report by it’s speed, range and direction.
In the case of multiple valid targets at any one time, the *MM command allows the user to decide which target to
report:
*MM=2 (default, recommended)
report the valid target that’s been tracked for the longest period of time
e.g. a valid target travelling at 32kph will be reported even if a new 50kph target is seen
3 seconds later
*MM=3
report the average speed of the valid target that’s been tracked for the longest period of time
e.g. a valid target travelling around 32kph (±2kph) will have its average speed reported over the
duration it’s been tracked, even if a new 50kph target is seen 3 seconds later
*MM=1 (not recommended)
report the valid target with the fastest speed, regardless of distance from the sign or duration of the
track.
e.g. a valid target travelling at 32kph will no longer be reported when a new 50kph target is
seen 3 seconds later
The *MS command controls the format of a reported message & the rate at which they are sent (these selected
formats are backwards-compatible with the AGD330 sign-activation radar):
Command Output format
Output update
rate
(Frames Per
Second)
Example -
30kph advancing
target
Example -
160kph receding target
*MS=2 dd<CR> 10 30<CR> 160<CR>
*MS=6 *Sddd<CR> 10 *S030<CR> *S160<CR>
*MS=9 *Sddd<CR> 5 *S030<CR> *S160<CR>
*MS=12 ddd,A<CR> 10 030,A<CR> 160,R<CR>

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Radar Commands and Configuration
RADAR COUNT OUTPUT
The count functionality of the radar is available in two formats. It can be presented as a digital pulse on *OUT2
only (it cannot be configured to be output on *OUT1), and it can be viewed / read from the RS232 data string
*OUT3.
There are two ways to enable the count functionality:
Configuration using Switches
If you choose to configure the 331 using the physical switches, you would set the speed threshold you wish
to report a target travelling over, using SW1. The range could then be set using SW3. This would set-up FET 1
(*OUT1) to actuate according to your set parameters. Setting SW2 dip 4 to ‘ON’ will then activate the count
function to be output on FET 2 (*OUT2), with pulses as designated below.
*NOTE - Activating the count function using switch configuration provides counts in ‘Advancing’ mode only.
Activating ‘Receding’ or ‘Bi-directional’ count requires configuration through RS232 connection.
Configuration using RS232
SW1 and SW3 should both be set to position ‘0’, thereby enabling the RS232 commands to take precedence.
The count function can then be activated using the *OUT2=COUNT command (also detailed in the ‘Radar
Command List’)
With the ‘Count’ set, it is then possible to set the radar to count advancing, receding or bi-directional targets.
These are distinguished on the FET 2 digital output by the length of pulse and in the RS232 string with either a
*C,A<CR> for an advancing target, or *C,R<CR> for a receding target.
Vehicle Count Principle of Operation
The range at which vehicles are counted in both advancing and receding directions has been carefully tested
and calibrated and is a non adjustable value. The distance for advancing is 20 metres and the distance for
receeding is 40 metres.
FET 2 Digital Output
FET 2 in count mode will only pulse ‘ON’ once per frame to represent a vehicle count, the length of the pulse
allows the data to be extracted from the FET 2 output:
35ms ‘Pulse’ = 1 advancing target counted this frame
55ms ‘Pulse’ = 1 receding target counted this frame
75ms ‘Pulse’ = 1 advancing AND 1 receding target counted this frame
Count Accuracy
Free flow, moderate and heavy traic flow studies have returned an average accuracy of >93%.

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Radar Commands and Configuration
DYNAMIC FRAME RATE (PATENT PENDING)
Dynamic frame rate is used to reduce the power consumption of the 331 whilst no valid targets are being
detected. It does this by reducing the number of times the transmitter looks for a target per second, aer the 331
has not detected a target for 1 second. You can set the dynamic frame rate anywhere from 0 to 20 with a default
value set at 2 by entering the *DFR command. Once a target is detected the transmitter will start operating at its
standard rate (10Hz) and will continue to do so until the 331 does not detect a valid target for 1 second.
The dynamic frame rate entered could impact the distance at which a target is seen, the higher the dynamic
frame rate the longer it could take to spot another potential target. See table below
FIRMWARE UPDATE
The 331 radar is designed to be re-flashable with firmware updates. Please contact AGD technical support for
further instruction.
Dynamic Frame Rate Additional Max Delay Time
(seconds)
Typical Current Consumption
@12V (mA)
Standard Rate 0.1 15
*DFR=2 (Default) 0.2 10.5
*DFR=5 0.5 7.8
*DFR=10 1.0 6.9
*DFR=20 2.0 6.5
*DFR=20
*DFR=10
*DFR=5
*DFR=2
Standard
Rate
0 1 2 3 4
Seconds
Set Dynamic Frame Rate

Switch 1
(Low speed threshold) Switch 3 (Range)
Switch 2 (DIP)
DIP SWITCH SW2 CONFIGURATION
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Setup
SIMPLE MECHANICAL SWITCH SET-UP
Radar Commands and Configuration
DIP SWITCH SW2 - FOUR POSITION
4 Position Switch Number Function
LED output
On = LED on for each detect of switched output 1
Off = No LED activation
Test mode
Activates FET 1, FET 2 outputs and reports simulated target information
over RS232
(Replicates the RS232 *TS function)
Priority vehicle to report
On = Fastest tracked target
Off = Longest tracked target
Count mode
On = Count on switched output 2 (advancing targets only)
Off = Output 2 disabled
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
1234
ON
ON
1234
ON
1234
123 4
ON
1234
*Note - These switch values are ignored if SW1 and SW3 are both set to zero enabling RS232 configuration of settings

Rotary
Switch
Position
Low Speed
Threshold
kph
Low Speed
Threshold
mph
11 7
36 22
50 31
53 33
71 44
Rotary
Switch
Position
Low Speed
Threshold
kph
Low Speed
Threshold
mph
80 50
96 60
106 66
124 77
RS232 mode.
Switches
inoperable
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
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17
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
Setup
SIMPLE MECHANICAL SWITCH SET-UP
Radar Commands and Configuration
Only switched output one
is configurable via these
switches.
Rotary switch 1 - This sets
the Low Speed Threshold
(LST) of the radar. The low
speed threshold is that
speed below which the radar
will not detect targets. Eg if
the LST is set to 55kph the
radar will only activate the
output for targets travelling
at 55kph or greater.
Ensure Rotary Switch 1 is
set to 0 for configuring via
RS232.
Further adjustment to
switched output 1 and 2
outside of the designated
values are made via the
RS232 connection.
ROTARY SWITCH SW1 CONFIGURATION
Rotary Switch 1 Settings - 10 positions

Rotary
Switch
Position
Function
16-40 m
16-50 m
16-60 m
16-70 m
16-80 m
Rotary
Switch
Position
Function
16-90 m
16-100 m
16-120 m
16-180 m
RS-232
User Selectable
0
1
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5
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9
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1
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9
Setup
SIMPLE MECHANICAL SWITCH SET-UP
18
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
Radar Commands and Configuration
ROTARY SWITCH SW3 CONFIGURATION
Rotary Switch 3 Settings - 10 positions
The radar’s range can be easily adjusted for site specific topography
and local conditions via rotary switch three.
Only Switched output one
is configurable via these
switches.
Rotary switch 3 - Sets the
Range for a typical saloon
type target.
Ensure Rotary Switch 3 is
set to 0 for configuring via
RS232.
Further adjustment to
switched output 1 and 2
outside of the designated
values are made via the
RS232 connection.

19
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
Help
TROUBLESHOOTING
The radar has an update/frame rate of 10Hz (ie a response time of 100ms), can we not decrease the update
rate and save more power?
Yes, more power can be saved but the radar has been optimised for use on both urban and high-speed
roads. A vehicle travelling at 130kph (80mph) will produce a detection distance latency of about 4m at 10Hz
which is of the order of the user range setting intervals. However, the 331 does have a feature to decease the
frame rate (*DFR command). Dynamic frame rate reduces the power consumption of the 331 whilst no valid
targets are being detected. It does this by reducing the frequency that the transmitter looks for targets when
the 331 has not detected a valid target for longer than 1 second (see page 15).
What is the advantage of an FMCW radar over normal sign activation radars that are based on speed
detection by simple Doppler only?
An FMCW radar is a much more complicated radar architecture that allows the speed and the range of the
target to be measured. This ensures that the sign is always activated at the same target distance. It is one
of the main drawbacks with traditional low cost radars that you may have the sign activating at 140m for a
truck and only 60m for a small car. Additionally, the set activation distance is almost completely unaected
by rain and fog etc with an FMCW radar compared to a traditional Doppler radar.**
**There are some additional explanatory notes on performance invariance owing to weather.
The radar I currently use sometimes has a large delay in detection of an approaching vehicle and hence
sign-activation when a large target is receding in the adjacent carriageway. Is this improved with the 331?
The 331 radar processes many targets simultaneously so the detection distance for the oncoming vehicle
can be detected even when there are large receding targets.
Why is the ability to set a reliable sign activation distance so important?
If the detection distance is too short the driver has no response time to absorb the sign’s message. If the
detection distance is too large the sign is illuminated for a longer duration and hence more power is used
which can be critical in low power applications. You need the sign to be on for just the right duration and at
the right distance for the value of the sign message to be delivered to the driver. This distance will vary with
the site and with the sign message.
Why is the LED on the 331 flashing repeatedly or intermittently?
The operational voltage supply range for the radar is 5.5 to 15Vdc (nominal 12Vdc). It is possible, especially
in solar & battery based installations that the voltage supply level can fall outside the specified limits.
Operation of the radar is not guaranteed outside these limits and incorrect operation can be manifest in an
erratic or flashing LED state. Please check the voltage supply and reconnect the radar.

20
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
AGD 331
IN-SIGN RADAR TRAFFIC DETECTOR
TROUBLESHOOTING
The 331 radar can be re-flashed. What does this mean?
There is a development plan to include new features in the radar going forward. Customers who use a
current version of 331 will not be disadvantaged by not having access to these new features. Re-flashing
means we can email new application code that can be uploaded into the 331 radar over the RS 232 link
which will enable new functions as they are available. There is no requirement for the customer to return
the hardware to AGD for upgrade.
I have set the detection range to 100m but motorbikes are only detected at 75m, why is this?
The signal a vehicle generates is proportional to the size of its radar cross-section (reflecting area). If you set
the radar to 100m the radar will be getting signals from the cars, vans and lorries at greater distances but
not actuating the output until they are at 100m. For the motorbike, it does not generate enough signal at
the longer ranges owing to the much smaller reflecting area. There is a further explanatory note regarding
targets that have a ‘stealthy’ profile and the eect on detection range.
I have mounted the 331 radar in the sign and set the detection distance to 60m but I am only getting a
detection range of typically 30m which varies with each target?
The radar is designed to operate through a plastic screen which normally forms the front face of the sign.
This screen acts as the protective radome for the radar and guidance for the mounting is given in the
relevant section of the Manual to minimise any losses. However, in rare instances some plastics have dyes,
additives or protective films which are particularly good at attenuating the radar signals. If you have poor
range performance you should verify that the radar is operating correctly by removing the plastic from in
front of the radar to confirm whether the screen is indeed a poor match.
What is the dierence between configuring the radar using the switches and a terminal window ?
For quick configuration the radar can be set-up using the physical switches on the rear of the unit.
SW1 is used to configure the low speed threshold, SW3 the range at which the target starts being reported.
Note that SW2 becomes active if SW1 and SW3 are set to anything other than zero (zero denotes RS232
configuration). SW2 controls parameters for *OUT2, *MM, *LED and *TS commands.
The sign has been EMC tested and the radar has a CE mark. If I put the radar in the sign will that be enough
to legally put this on the market in the EU?
This is not a safe assumption to make. There are special directives and associated specifications in the EU
regarding radio devices (radar is classed as a radio device) and care should be taken on building a file for
conformity. AGD has good experience on this and can give guidance or your usual Notified Body will give you
independent advice on your required test documentation, Declaration of Conformity and product labelling etc.
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