Agilent Technologies 89410A Manual

Agilent Technologies 89410A/89441A Operator’s Guide
Agilent Technologies Part Number 89400 90038
For instruments with firmware version A.08.00
Printed in U.S.A.
Print Date: May 2000
© Hewlett Packard Company, 1993 to 2000. All rights reserved.
8600 Soper Hill Road Everett, Washington 98205 1209 U.S.A.
This software and documentation is based in part on the Fourth
Berkeley Software Distribution under license from The Regents of the
University of California. We acknowledge the following individuals and
institutions for their role in the development: The Regents of the
University of California .
Portions of the TCP/IP software are copyright Phil Karn, KA9Q.
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Advanced Test Equipment Rentals
www.atecorp.com 800-404-ATEC (2832)
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The Analyzer at a Glance
This illustration shows the Agilent 89441A Vector Signal Analyzer, which consists of
two components: the I section on top and the R section on bottom. The I section is
the Agilent 89410A; the R section is the Agilent 89431A. Note that you can order the
89431A to convert an 89410A into an 89441A (see Options and Accessories later in this
manual).
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9
1
8
2
6
3
14
11
16
18
10
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17
15
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ii

Front Panel
1A softkey’s function changes as different
menus are displayed. Its current function is
determined by the video label to its left, on the
analyzer’s screen.
2The analyzer’s screen is divided into two
main areas. The menu area, a narrow column
at the screen’s right edge, displays softkey
labels. The data area, the remaining portion of
the screen, displays traces and other data.
3The POWER switch turns the analyzer on
and off. If you have an 89441A, you must turn
on the power switches on both the top and
bottom box.
4Use a 3.5 inch flexible disk (DS,HD) in this
disk drive to save your work.
5The KEYBOARD connector allows you to
attach an optional keyboard to the analyzer.
The keyboard is most useful for writing and
editing Agilent Instrument BASIC programs.
6The SOURCE connector routes the
analyzer’s source output to your DUT. If you
have an 89441A, the Source output from the IF
section (top box) is connected to the RF
section (bottom box). If the RF section has
option AY8 (internal RF source), the SOURCE
output connector on the RFsection is a type N ;
otherwise it is a BNC.
7The EXT TRIGGER connector lets you
provide an external trigger for the analyzer.
8The PROBE POWER connectors provides
power for various Agilent active probes.
9The INPUT connector routes your test signal
or DUT output to the analyzer’s receiver. If
you have an 89441A, the INPUT on the RF
section (bottom box) is connected to the
CHANNEL 1 input on the IF section (top box).
10 Use the DISPLAY hardkeys and their
menus to select and manipulate trace data and
to select display options for that data.
11 Use the SYSTEM hardkeys and their
menus to control various system functions
(online help, plotting, presetting, and so on).
12 Use the MEASUREMENT hardkeys and
their menus to control the analyzer’s receiver
and source, and to specify other measurement
parameters.
13 The REMOTE OPERATION hardkey and
LED indicators allow you to set up and monitor
the activity of remote devices.
14 Use the MARKER hardkeys and their
menus to control marker positioning and
marker functions.
15 The knob’s primary purpose is to move a
marker along the trace. But you can also use it
to change values during numeric entry, move a
cursor during text entry, or select a hypertext
link in help topics
16 Use the Marker/Entry key to determine the
knob’s function. With the Marker indicator
illuminated the knob moves a marker along the
trace. With the Entry indicator illuminated the
knob changes numeric entry values.
17 Use the ENTRY hardkeys to change the
value of numeric parameters or to enter
numeric characters in text strings.
18 The optional CHANNEL 2 input connector
routes your test signal or DUT output to the
analyzer’s receiver. For ease of upgrading, the
CHANNEL 2 BNC connector is installed even if
option AY7 (second input channel) is not
installed.
For more details on the front panel,
display the online help topic “Front
Panel . See the chapter “Using
Online Help if you are not familiar
with using the online help index.
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iv

Saftey Summary
The following general safety precautions must be observed during all phases of
operation of this instrument. Failure to comply with these precautions or with
specific warnings elsewhere in this manual violates safety standards of design,
manufacture, and intended use of the instrument. Agilent Technologies, Inc.
assumes no liability for the customer’s failure to comply with these requirements.
GENERAL
This product is a Safety Class 1 instrument (provided with a protective earth
terminal). The protective features of this product may be impaired if it is used in
a manner not specified in the operation instructions.
All Light Emitting Diodes (LEDs) used in this product are Class 1 LEDs as per
IEC 60825 1.
ENVIRONMENTAL CONDITIONS
This instrument is intended for indoor use in an installation category II,
pollution degree 2 environment. It is designed to operate at a maximum relative
humidity of 95% and at altitudes of up to 2000 meters. Refer to the
specifications tables for the ac mains voltage requirements and ambient
operating temperature range.
BEFORE APPLYING POWER
Verify that the product is set to match the available line voltage, the correct fuse
is installed, and all safety precautions are taken. Note the instrument’s external
markings described under Safety Symbols.
GROUND THE INSTRUMENT
To minimize shock hazard, the instrument chassis and cover must be connected
to an electrical protective earth ground. The instrument must be connected to
the ac power mains through a grounded power cable, with the ground wire
firmly connected to an electrical ground (safety ground) at the power outlet.
Any interruption of the protective (grounding) conductor or disconnection of
the protective earth terminal will cause a potential shock hazard that could
result in personal injury.
v

FUSES
Only fuses with the required rated current, voltage, and specified type (normal
blow, time delay, etc.) should be used. Do not use repaired fuses or
short circuited fuse holders. To do so could cause a shock or fire hazard.
DO NOT OPERATE IN AN EXPLOSIVE ATMOSPHERE
Do not operate the instrument in the presence of flammable gases or fumes.
DO NOT REMOVE THE INSTRUMENT COVER
Operating personnel must not remove instrument covers. Component
replacement and internal adjustments must be made only by qualified service
personnel.
Instruments that appear damaged or defective should be made inoperative and
secured against unintended operation until they can be repaired by qualified
service personnel.
WARNING The WARNING sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure,
practice, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to,
could result in personal injury. Do not proceed beyond a WARNING
sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and met.
Caution The CAUTION sign denotes a hazard. It calls attention to an operating
procedure, or the like, which, if not correctly performed or adhered to, could
result in damage to or destruction of part or all of the product. Do not proceed
beyond a CAUTION sign until the indicated conditions are fully understood and
met.
vi

Safety Symbols
Warning, risk of electric shock
Caution, refer to accompanying documents
Alternating current
Both direct and alternating current
Earth (ground) terminal
Protective earth (ground) terminal
Frame or chassis terminal
erminal is at earth potential.
Standby (supply). Units with this symbol are not completely disconnected from ac mains when
this switch is off
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viii

Options and Accessories: Agilent 89410A
To determine if an option is installed, press [System Utility] [option setup]. Installed
options are also listed on the analyzer’s rear panel. To order an option to
upgrade your 89410A, order 89410U followed by the option number.
To convert your 89410A DC 10 MHz Vector Signal Analyzer to an
89441A DC 2650 MHz Vector Signal Analyzer, order an 89431A. To order an
option when converting your 89410A to an 89441A, order 89431A followed by
the option number.
IMPORTANT To convert older HP 89410A analyzers (serial numbers below 3416A00617),
contact your nearest Agilent Technologies sales and service office.
Option Description Agilent 8 410U Opt Agilent 8 430/ 8 431A Opt
Add Precision Frequency Reference AY5 —
Add Vector Modulation Analysis and Adaptive Equalization AYA AYA
Add Waterfall and Spectro ram AYB AYB
Add Di ital Video Modulation Analysis and Adaptive Equalization
(requires option AYA and UFG or UTH)
AYH AYH
Add Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE) (requires
option AYA)
B7A B7A
Add Di ital Wideband CDMA Analysis
(requires options AYA and UTH)
B73 B73
Add Di ital ARIB rev 1.0-1.2 W-CDMA Analysis (requires option
B73)
B79 B79
Add 3GPP version 3.1 W-CDMA Analysis
(requires options AYA and UTH)
080 080
Add Second 10 MHz Input Channel AY7 AY7
Extend Time Capture to 1 me asample AY9 AY9
Add 4 Me abyte Extended RAM and Additional I/O UFG (obsolete: order option UTH)
Add 20 Me abyte Extended RAM and Additional I/O UTH UTH
Add Advanced LAN Support (requires option UFG or UTH) UG7 UG7
Add A ilent Instrument BASIC 1C2 1C2
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable U.S. version 1F0 1F0
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable German version 1F1 1F1
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Spanish version 1F2 1F2
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable French version 1F3 1F3
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable U.K. version 1F4 1F4
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Italian version 1F5 1F5
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Swedish version 1F6 1F6
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continued on next page...
Option Description 8 410U Opt 8 431A Opt
Add Front Handle Kit AX3 AX3
Add Rack Flan e Kit AX4 AX4
Add Flan e and Handle Kit AX5 AX5
Add Extra Manual Set OB1 OB1
Add Extra Instrument BASIC Manuals OBU OBU
Add Service Manual OB3 OB3
Add Internal RF Source — AY8
Delete Hi h Precision Frequency Reference — AY4
Add 50 - 75 Ohm Minimum Loss Pads — 1D7
Firmware Update Kit UE2 UE2
The accessories listed in the following table are supplied with the
Agilent 89410A.
Supplied Accessories Part Number
Line Power Cable See Installation and
Verification Guide
Standard Data Format Utilities 5061-8056
A ilent Technolo ies 89410A/89441A
Operator’s Guide
(see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89410A Gettin
Started Guide
(see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89410A Installation and Verification Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89400-Series GPIB Command Reference (see title pa e in manual)
GPIB Pro rammer’s Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89400-Series GPIB Quick Reference (see title pa e in manual))
Coax BNC(m)-to-coax BNC(m) connector (with option AY5) 1250-1499
x

The accessories listed in the following table are available for the Agilent 89410A.
Available Accessories Part Number
A ilent 89411A 21.4 MHz Down Converter A ilent 89411A
89400-Series Usin Instrument BASIC A ilent 89441-90013
Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook A ilent E2083-90005
Spectrum and Network Measurements A ilent 5960-5718
Box of ten 3.5-inch double-sided, double-density disks A ilent 92192A
Active Probe A ilent 41800A
Active Probe A ilent 54701A
Active Divider Probe A ilent 1124A
Resistor Divider Probe A ilent 10020A
Differential Probe (requires A ilent 1142A) A ilent 1141A
Probe Control and Power Module A ilent 1142A
50 Ohm RF Brid e A ilent 86205A
Switch/Control Unit A ilent 3488A
Hi h-Performance Switch/Control Unit A ilent 3235A
GPIB Cable - 1 meter A ilent 10833A
GPIB Cable - 2 meter A ilent 10833B
GPIB Cable - 4 meter A ilent 10833C
GPIB Cable - 0.5 meter A ilent 10833D
HP Printer or Plotter (contact your local
Hewlett-Packard sales
representative)
xi

Options and Accessories: 89441A
To determine if an option is installed, press [System Utility] [option setup]. Installed
options are also listed on the analyzer’s rear panel. To order an option for an
Agilent 89441A analyzer, order Agilent 89441U followed by the option number.
Option Description Agilent 8 441U Option
Add Internal RF Source AY8
Add Hi h Precision Frequency Reference AYC
Add Vector Modulation Analysis and Adaptive Equalization AYA
Add Waterfall and Spectro ram AYB
Add Di ital Video Modulation Analysis and Adaptive Equalization
(requires options AYA and UFG or UTH)
AYH
Add Enh. Data rates for GSM Evol (EDGE) (requires option AYA) B7A
Add Di ital Wideband CDMA Analysis
(requires options AYA & UTH)
B73
Add Di ital ARIB 1.0-1.2 W-CDMA Analysis (requires option B73) B79
Add 3GPP v 3.1 W-CDMA Analysis (requires opts AYA & UTH) 080
Add Second 10 MHz Input Channel AY7
Extend Time Capture to 1 me asample AY9
Add 4 Me abyte Extended RAM and Additional I/O UFG (obsolete: order option UTH)
Add 20 me abyte Extended RAM and Additional I/O UTH
Add Advanced LAN Support (requires option UFG or UTH) UG7
Add A ilent Instrument BASIC 1C2
Add 50 - 75 Ohm Minimum Loss Pads 1D7
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable U.S. version 1F0
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable German version 1F1
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Spanish version 1F2
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable French version 1F3
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable U.K. version 1F4
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Italian version 1F5
Add PC-Style Keyboard and Cable Swedish version 1F6
Add Front Handle Kit AX3
Add Flan e and Handle Kit AX5
Add Extra Manual Set OB1
Add Extra Instrument BASIC Manuals OBU
Add Service Manual OB3
xii

Firmware Update Kit UE2
The accessories listed in the following table are supplied with the
Agilent 89441A.
Supplied Accessories Part Number
Line Power Cable See Installation and
Verification Guide
Rear Panel Lock Foot Kit A ilent 5062-3999
BNC Cable - 12 inch A ilent 8120-1838
2 BNC Cables - 8.5 inch HP 8120-2682
Coax BNC(m)-to-coax BNC(m) Connector (deleted with option AY4) A ilent 1250-1499
Type N-to-BNC Adapter (2 with option AY8) A ilent 1250-0780
Serial Interface Interconnect Cable A ilent 8120-6230
Interconnect Cable EMI Suppressor A ilent 9170-1521
Standard Data Format Utilities A ilent 5061-8056
A ilent 89410/89441A Operator’s Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89441A Gettin Started Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89441A Installation and Verification Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89400-Series GPIB Command Reference (see title pa e in manual)
GPIB Pro rammer’s Guide (see title pa e in manual)
A ilent Technolo ies 89400-Series GPIB Quick Reference (see title pa e in manual)
xiii

The accessories listed in the following table are available for the Agilent 89441A.
Available Accessories Part Number
A ilent 89411A 21.4 MHz Down Converter A ilent 89411A
89400-Series Usin Instrument BASIC A ilent 89441-90013
Instrument BASIC User’s Handbook A ilent E2083-90005
Spectrum and Network Measurements A ilent 5960-5718
Box of ten 3.5-inch double-sided, double-density disks A ilent 92192A
Active Probe A ilent 41800A
Active Probe A ilent 54701A
Active Divider Probe A ilent 1124A
Resistor Divider Probe A ilent 10020A
Differential Probe (requires A ilent 1142A) A ilent 1141A
Probe Control and Power Module A ilent 1142A
50 Ohm RF Brid e A ilent 86205A
Switch/Control Unit A ilent 3488A
Hi h-Performance Switch/Control Unit A ilent 3235A
GPIB Cable - 1 meter A ilent 10833A
GPIB Cable - 2 meter A ilent 10833B
GPIB Cable - 4 meter A ilent 10833C
GPIB Cable - 0.5 meter A ilent 10833D
HP Plotters and Printers (contact your local
Hewlett-Packard sales
representative)
xiv

Notation Conventions
Before you use this book, it is important to understand the types of keys on
the front panel of the analyzer and how they are denoted in this book.
Hardkeys Hardkeys are front panel buttons whose functions are always the same.
Hardkeys have a label printed directly on the key. In this book, they are printed like this:
[Hardkey].
Softkeys Softkeys are keys whose functions change with the analyzer’s current menu
selection. A softkey’s function is indicated by a video label to the left of the key (at the
edge of the analyzer’s screen). In this book, softkeys are printed like this: [softkey].
Toggle Softkeys Some softkeys toggle through multiple settings for a parameter.
Toggle softkeys have a word highlighted (of a different color) in their label. Repeated
presses of a toggle softkey changes which word is highlighted with each press of the
softkey. In this book, toggle softkey presses are shown with the requested toggle state
in bold type as follows:
“Press [key name on]” means “press the softkey [key name] until the selection on is active.”
Shift Functions In addition to their normal labels, keys with blue lettering also have a
shift function. This is similar to shift keys on an pocket calculator or the shift function
on a typewriter or computer keyboard. Using a shift function is a two step process.
First, press the blue [Shift] key (at this point, the message “shift” appears on the
display). Then press the key with the shift function you want to enable.
Shift function are printed as two key presses, like this:
[Shift] [Shift Function]
Numeric Entries Numeric values may be entered by using the numeric keys in the
lower right hand ENTRY area of the analyzer front panel. In this book values which are
to be entered from these keys are indicted only as numerals in the text, like this:
Press 50, [enter]
Ghosted Softkeys A softkey label may be shown in the menu when it is inactive. This
occurs when a softkey function is not appropriate for a particular measurement or not
available with the current analyzer configuration. To show that a softkey function is not
available, the analyzer ‘’ghosts’’ the inactive softkey label. A ghosted softkey appears
less bright than a normal softkey. Settings/values may be changed while they are
inactive. If this occurs, the new settings are effective when the configuration changes
such that the softkey function becomes active.
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xvi

In This Book
This book, “Agilent 89410A/Agilent89441A Operator’s Guide”, is designed to
advance your knowledge of the Agilent 89410A and Agilent 89441A Vector Signal
Analyzers. You should already feel somewhat comfortable with this analyzer, either
through previous use or through performing the tasks in either product’s Getting
Started Guide.” The book consists of both measurement tasks and concepts.
Measurement tasks
Measurement tasks provide step by step examples of how to perform specific tasks
with your Agilent 89410A or Agilent 89441A Vector Signal Analyzer. These tasks
may be similar to measurements you wish to make and you can modify them to meet
your own needs. Even if these tasks are not specifically related to your
measurement needs, you may find it helpful to perform the tasks anyway—they only
take a few minutes each—since they will help you become familiar with many of
your analyzer’s features.
Concepts
The concepts section provides you with a conceptual overview of the
Agilent 89410A and Agilent 89441A and their essential features. This section
assumes that you are already familiar with basic measurement concepts and is
helpful in understanding the similarities and differences between the Agilent 89400
series analyzers and other analyzers you may have used. The concepts are also
essential if you want to make the best use of the analyzer’s features.
To Learn More About the Agilent 89410A and Agilent 89441A
You may need to use other books in the Agilent 89400 series manual set. See the
“Documentation Roadmap” at the end of this book to learn what each book contains.
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xviii

TABLE OF CONTENTS
1 Demodulating an Analog Signal
To perform AM demodulation 1 2
To perform PM demodulation 1 4
To perform FM demodulation 1 6
2 Measuring Phase Noise
To measure phase noise 2 2
Special Considerations for phase noise measurements: 2 3
3 Characterizing a Transient Signal
To set up transient analysis 3 2
To analyze a transient signal with time gating 3 4
To analyze a transient signal with demodulation 3 5
4 Making On/Off Ratio Measurements
To set up time gating 4 2
To measure the on/off ratio 4 4
5 Making Statistical Power Measurements
To display CCDF 5 2
To display peak, average, and peak/average statistics 5 4
6 Creating Arbitrary Waveforms
To create a waveform using a single, measured trace 6 2
To create a waveform using multiple, measured traces 6 4
To create a short waveform using ASCII data 6 6
To create a long waveform using ASCII data 6 8
To create a contiguous waterfall or spectrogram display 6 10
To create a fixed length waterfall display 6 12
To determine number of samples and ∆t 6 14
To output the maximum number of samples 6 15
xix

7 Using Waterfall and Spectrogram Displays (Opt. AYB)
To create a test signal 7 2
To set up and scale a waterfall display 7 4
To select a trace in a waterfall display 7 6
To use markers with waterfall displays 7 8
To use buffer search in waterfall displays 7 10
To set up a spectrogram display 7 11
To enhance spectrogram displays 7 12
To use markers with spectrogram displays 7 14
To save waterfall and spectrogram displays 7 15
To recall waterfall and spectrogram displays 7 16
8 Using Digital Demodulation (Opt. AYA)
To prepare a digital demodulation measurement 8 2
To demodulate a standard format signal 8 4
To select measurement and display features 8 5
To set up pulse search 8 6
To set up sync search 8 8
To select and create stored sync patterns 8 9
To demodulate and analyze an EDGE signal 8 10
To troubleshoot an EDGE signal 8 12
To demodulate and analyze an MSK signal 8 14
To demodulate a two channel I/Q signal 8 16
9 Using Video Demodulation
(Opt. AYH)
To prepare a VSB measurement 9 2
To determine the center frequency for a VSB signal 9 4
To demodulate a VSB signal 9 6
To prepare a QAM or DVB QAM measurement 9 8
To demodulate a QAM or DVB QAM signal 9 10
To select measurement and display features 9 12
To set up sync search (QAM only) 9 13
To select and create stored sync patterns (QAM only) 9 14
To demodulate a two channel I/Q signal 9 15
xx