Agilent Technologies ESA-E Series User manual

Measurement Guide
Agilent Technologies
ESA-E Series Spectrum Analyzers
BluetoothMeasurement Personality
This manual provides documentation for the following instruments:
ESA-E Series
E4402B (9 kHz - 3.0 GHz)
E4404B (9 kHz - 6.7 GHz)
E4405B (9 kHz - 13.2 GHz)
E4407B (9 kHz - 26.5 GHz)
Manufacturing Part Number: E4402-90054
Supersedes: E4402-90014
Printed in USA
May 2001
© Copyright 2001 Agilent Technologies, Inc.

ii
Notice
The information contained in this document is subject to change without notice.
Agilent Technologies makes no warranty of any kind with regard to this material,
including but not limited to, the implied warranties of merchantability and fitness
for a particular purpose. Agilent Technologies shall not be liable for errors
contained herein or for incidental or consequential damages in connection with the
furnishing, performance, or use of this material.
Bluetoothis a trademark owned by its proprietor and used by Agilent
Technologies under license.
Warranty
This Agilent Technologies instrument product is warranted against defects in
material and workmanship for a period of three years from date of shipment.
During the warranty period, Agilent Technologies Company will, at its option,
either repair or replace products that prove to be defective.
For warranty service or repair, this product must be returned to a service facility
designated by Agilent Technologies. Buyer shall prepay shipping charges to
Agilent Technologies and Agilent Technologies shall pay shipping charges to
return the product to Buyer. However, Buyer shall pay all shipping charges, duties,
and taxes for products returned to Agilent Technologies from another country.
Agilent Technologies warrants that its software and firmware designated by
Agilent Technologies for use with an instrument will execute its programming
instructions when properly installed on that instrument. Agilent Technologies does
not warrant that the operation of the instrument, or software, or firmware will be
uninterrupted or error-free.

iii
LIMITATION OF WARRANTY
The foregoing warranty shall not apply to defects resulting from improper or
inadequate maintenance by Buyer, Buyer-supplied software or interfacing,
unauthorized modification or misuse, operation outside of the environmental
specifications for the product, or improper site preparation or maintenance.
NO OTHER WARRANTY IS EXPRESSED OR IMPLIED. AGILENT
TECHNOLOGIES SPECIFICALLY DISCLAIMS THE IMPLIED
WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A
PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
Safety Information
The following safety notes are used throughout this manual. Familiarize yourself
with these notes before operating this instrument.
WARNING Warning denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure which, if not
correctly performed or adhered to, could result in injury or loss of life. Do not
proceed beyond a warning note until the indicated conditions are fully
understood and met.
CAUTION Caution denotes a hazard. It calls attention to a procedure that, if not correctly
performed or adhered to, could result in damage to or destruction of the
instrument. Do not proceed beyond a caution sign until the indicated conditions are
fully understood and met.
WARNING This is a Safety Class 1 Product (provided with a protective earth ground
incorporated in the power cord). The mains plug shall be inserted only in a
socket outlet provided with a protected earth contact. Any interruption of the
protective conductor inside or outside of the product is likely to make the
product dangerous. Intentional interruption is prohibited.
WARNING No operator serviceable parts inside. Refer servicing to qualified personnel.
To prevent electrical shock do not remove covers.
CAUTION Always use the three-prong AC power cord supplied with this product. Failure to
ensure adequate grounding may cause product damage.

iv

Contents
v
1. Bluetooth™ Use Model
Bluetooth™ System Overview. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
2. Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Bluetooth™ Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
Hardware Availability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 7
Basic Key Use. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
Preparing to Make Measurements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
Initial Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How to Make a Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
How to Save Measurement Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 11
3. Making Bluetooth™ Measurements
Chapter Contents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 14
Making the Modulation Overview Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 15
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
Making the Output Power Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 18
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
Making the Carrier Frequency Drift Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 21
Making the Monitor Band/Channel Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 22
Results. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Making the Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 25
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 26
Making the Modulation Characteristics Measurement. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Measurement Method . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28

vi
Contents
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Making the Output Spectrum Bandwidth Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Measurement Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Measurement Method. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Making the Measurement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Results . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Troubleshooting Hints. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34

1
1Bluetooth™ Use Model

2Chapter1
Bluetooth™ Use Model
Bluetooth™ System Overview
Bluetooth™ System Overview
Bluetooth™ radios may operate as either master or slave units. The link manager
sets up the connection between master and slave units and also determines the
slave’s power saving mode. A master can be actively communicating with up to
seven slaves, while another 200+ slaves can be registered and in a
non-communicating, power-saving mode.
This area of control is defined as a piconet. A master in one piconet may be a slave
to a master from a different piconet. Similarly, multiple masters from different
piconets may control a single slave. This network of piconets is referred to as a
scatternet. Figure 1-1

Chapter 1 3
Bluetooth™ Use Model
Bluetooth™ System Overview
A Bluetooth™ channel is divided into timeslots, each 625 µs in length. In the
Time-Division Duplex (TDD) scheme used, the master transmits in
even-numbered timeslots, and the slave in odd-numbered timeslots. Voice or data
communication within piconets is transmitted in packets. Data packets may extend
over one, three, or five time slots, whereas voice packets are limited to a single
time slot. An RF hop occurs at the end of the last time slot associated with the
packet.
A packet, shown in Figure 1-2, contains an access code, header and payload. The
access code consists of a preamble, a sync word, and an optional trailer. The
header contains piconet member address and packet information. The payload
data, consisting of payload header, payload data and CRC, carries the user’s voice
or data information. The payload CRC (Cyclic Redundancy Check) is a 16-bit
field at the end of the payload that is used for a data integrity check. Depending on
the packet type, a payload starts with a 1 (DH1) or 2 (DH3/5) byte header, and
finishes with a 2 byte CRC.
Figure 1-2 Bluetooth™ General Packet Format
The link manager needs to support the Bluetooth™ test modes. These test modes
should provide key capabilities for testing Bluetooth™ devices. These capabilities
include the ability to place the device into test loopback mode and the ability to
define transmit and receive frequencies, power control, and other key parameters.

4Chapter1
Bluetooth™ Use Model
Bluetooth™ System Overview

5
2Preparing to Make Bluetooth™
Measurements
This chapter introduces the basic measurement procedure including mode setup
and changing the measurement frequency/channel.

6Chapter2
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Bluetooth™ Measurements
Bluetooth™ Measurements
The following Bluetooth™ measurements are available in Bluetooth™ mode and
described in this document:
These are referred to as one-button measurements.
When you press the key to select the measurement it becomes the active
measurement, using settings and a display unique to that measurement. Data
acquisitions automatically begin provided trigger requirements, if any, are met.
Modulation
Overview provides a quick indication of overall modulation behavior
Output
Power power measurements in the
time domain
Carrier
Frequency Drift tests the frequency drift
of the signal
Monitor
Band/Channel view specific channels or
the entire band
Initial Carrier
Frequency Tolerance tests accuracy of the
transmitter’s carrier frequency
Modulation
Characteristics frequency deviation
measurement
Output Spectrum
Bandwidth verifies the emissions bandwidth
inside the operating frequency
Adjacent Channel Power verifies the emissions power level
inside the operating range

Chapter 2 7
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Bluetooth™ Measurements
Hardware Availability
If the RF Comms hardware (Option B7E) is installed in the instrument, the
measurements will provide support for all of the hardware triggering methods
including RF Burst, External, and Free Run. Video triggering is available for the
Output Power measurement only.
If the RF Comms hardware (Option B7E) is not installed in the instrument, the
measurements cannot provide the full flexibility described in the following pages.
Triggering is limited to Free Run or External, with External being the default.
The FM demod hardware (Option 106) must be present to make the measurements.
If the FM demod hardware is not installed in the instrument, the demod
measurement softkeys:
Modulation Overview
Carrier Freq Drift
ICFT
Modulation Characteristics
will be grayed out in the Measure menu and those measurements will be
unavailable. The other measurements will still be available, although the Preamble
Burst Sync selection in the Output Power measurement will be grayed out and
unavailable.

8Chapter2
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Basic Key Use
Basic Key Use
The MODE key allows you to choose basic Spectrum Analyzer, Bluetooth™, or
additional loaded personalities. When you select a standard, the analyzer will set
measurement parameters to meet the standard requirements. If necessary, change
the global measurement settings in the analyzer based on your system using
Mode Setup.
The Channel Frequency or RF Channel keys allow you to tune the analyzer to
specific frequencies. You can do this by either setting absolute frequencies or by
setting the channel number when in the Bluetooth™ mode.
You can select a number of previously-configured standards based measurements
to help you troubleshoot a system using the Measure button. Because all
measurement situations are different, Meas Setup allows you to quickly change
some of the measurement parameters. Finally, if you need to quickly start the
measurement again, press Restart or use Restart under Meas Control.
Figure 2-1 Basic Keys

Chapter 2 9
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Preparing to Make Measurements
Preparing to Make Measurements
At initial power up, the analyzer is in spectrum analyzer (SA) mode, with the Meas
Off softkey selected in the MEASURE menu and the FREQUENCY Channel menu
displayed.
To access the Bluetooth™ measurement personality, press the MODE front panel
key and select the Bluetooth menu key.
Initial Settings
Before making a measurement, make sure the mode setup, measurement setup, and
frequency channel parameters are set to the appropriate settings. For further
information refer to the Mode Setup, Measurement Setup, and FREQUENCY
Channel sections in Chapter 5 of the ESA-E Series Spectrum Analyzers
Bluetooth™ Measurement Personality User’s Guide.
• Resetting all parameters:
To tupı˝0l4(o)9( t)-1 insmen2or10(u9(ement12()1(r-1(au9(t1(r)9(e) per)9(s)-2( ()9(i)n( ac)lu(mod))9(i)ngr 5)110(m)9(io)dmake s))9(e)t2( u)1 r 5meuuremee

10 Chapter2
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Preparing to Make Measurements
Even though the measurements are designed as one-button measurements, you
may change the default settings using various setup keys. However, changing the
default settings may produce measurement results that are outside of the
parameters of the selected standard.
Most measurements can be performed using the simple four-step procedure
outlined in the table below. Most measurements are performed using only the
primary keys listed in conjunction with a minimum of setup keys. Measurement
setup keys (Meas Setup) can be used for non-standards compliant testing. For
more information see “Initial Settings” above.
Step Primary Key Setup Keys Related Keys
1. Select and
setup mode MODE Mode Setup,
FREQUENCY Channel System
2. Select and setup
measurement MEASURE Meas Setup,
Restore Meas Defaults Meas Control,
Restart
3. Select and
setup view View/Trace Span X Scalea,
Amplitude Y Scalea, Display
Marker,
Search
4. Saving and
printing results File
Print Print Setup Save
a. Span and Amplitude are disabled for all measurements except Monitor Band/Channel

Chapter 2 11
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Preparing to Make Measurements
How to Save Measurement Results
To save measurement results, follow the process shown below. For additional
information on file management in the spectrum analyzer, refer to the ESA
Spectrum Analyzers User’s Guide.
1. Press File, Save, Type, More, Measurement Results.
2. If you want to change the file name, press Name, and use the Alpha Editor the
enter the new name. For more information on using the Alpha Editor, refer to
the ESA Spectrum Analyzers User’s Guide.
3. Press Save Now to complete the file saving process.
4. If you used the default file name and wish to save additional measurement
results, press Save. The current measurement result will be saved with the next
default file name.
5. If you have not used the default file name and wish to save additional
measurement results, repeat steps 1 through 3.

12 Chapter2
Preparing to Make Bluetooth™ Measurements
Preparing to Make Measurements

13
3Making Bluetooth™ Measurements

14 Chapter3
Making Bluetooth™ Measurements
Chapter Contents
Chapter Contents
This chapter details how to make Bluetooth™ measurements. The following
measurements are described:
o Modulation Overview on page 15.
o Output Power on page 17.
o Carrier Frequency Drift on page 20.
o Monitor Band/Channel on page 22.
o Initial Carrier Frequency Tolerance on page 25.
o Modulation Characteristics on page 27.
o Output Spectrum Bandwidth on page 30.
o Adjacent Channel Power (ACP) on page 32.