ALTAI A2 Instruction sheet

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Altai A2 WiFi Access Point/Bridge
Configuration Manual
for
Firmware Version 1.0.6.48
Version 1.1
Date: December 17, 2012

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Copyright © 2012 Altai Technologies Limited
ALL RIGHTS RESERVED.
Altai Technologies Limited
Unit 209, 2nd Floor, East Wing,
Building 17, Phase 2,
Hong Kong Science Park,
Shatin, New Territories,
Hong Kong
Telephone: [phone]
Fax: [phone]
Web: www.altaitechnologies.com
Customer Support Centre:
Email: [email protected]

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Radio Frequency Interference Requirements
This device complies with Part 15 of FCC Rules.
Operation is subject to the following conditions:
1. This device may not cause harmful interference.
2. This device must accept any interference received, including interference that may cause
undesired operation.
3. This device should not be co-located or operating in conjunction with any other antenna
or transmitter.
Interference Statement
This equipment has been tested and found to comply with the limits for a Class B digital device,
pursuant to Part 15 of the FCC Rules. These limits are designed to provide reasonable protection
against harmful interference in a residential installation. This equipment generates, uses and can
radiate radio frequency energy and, if not installed and used in accordance with the instructions,
may cause harmful interference to radio communications.
However, there is no guarantee that interference will not occur in a particular installation. If this
equipment does cause harmful interference to radio or television reception, which can be
determined by turning the equipment off and on, the user is encouraged to try to correct the
interference by one of the following measures:
-Reorient or relocate the receiving antenna.
-Increase the separation between the equipment and receiver.
-Connect the equipment into an outlet on a circuit different from that to which the
receiver is connected.
-Consult the dealer or an experienced radio/TV technician for help.
FCC Caution: To assure continued compliance, (example –use only shielded interface cables
when connecting to computer or peripheral devices). Any changes or modifications not
expressly approved by the party responsible for compliance could void the user’s authority to
operate this equipment.
Warning
The user is advised to keep apart from the base-station and antenna with at least 45cm when the
base-station is in operation.
Disclaimer
All specifications are subject to change without prior notice. Altai Technologies assumes no
responsibilities for any inaccuracies in this document or for any obligation to update information
in this document. This document is provided for information purposes only. Altai Technologies
reserves the right to change, modify, transfer, or otherwise revise this publication without notice.

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Table of Contents
1INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................7
1.1 Total Performance.......................................................................................................................7
1.2 Compatible With 802.11n...........................................................................................................7
1.3 Large Capacity............................................................................................................................7
1.4 Different Operation Modes.........................................................................................................7
2A2 MODEL AND FIRMWARE VERSION .....................................................................................................7
3GETTING START .......................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Setup Local Area Connection on Your PC.................................................................................8
3.2 Check Access............................................................................................................................11
4CONFIGURATION WITH WEB-ADMIN......................................................................................................12
4.1 Web Browser Connection.........................................................................................................12
4.2 Checking the A2 Versions........................................................................................................13
4.3 Setup –User Name, Password and System Name....................................................................14
4.4 Regulatory Domain Configuration ...........................................................................................14
4.5 NTP Configuration ...................................................................................................................15
4.6 SNMP Configuration................................................................................................................15
4.7 QoS Mode And Diffserv Tagging ............................................................................................16
4.8 Inter-VAP Forwarding..............................................................................................................16
4.9 Telnet........................................................................................................................................16
4.10 Network Operation Mode.........................................................................................................17
4.11 Switch Mode.............................................................................................................................18
4.12 Gateway Mode..........................................................................................................................20
4.13 Network provider......................................................................................................................23
4.14 Access Link Safe Mode/ Backhaul Link Self-healing..............................................................24
4.15 AMR Meter Traffic...................................................................................................................24
4.16 Setup –Wireless Radio Parameter............................................................................................24
4.17 AP Mode...................................................................................................................................24
4.18 CPE Mode.................................................................................................................................32
4.19 Repeater Mode..........................................................................................................................33
4.20 Bridge Mode.............................................................................................................................33
4.21 Disable Mode............................................................................................................................39
4.22 Reboot.......................................................................................................................................40
4.23 Restore Configuration to Default Setting .................................................................................41
5PERFORMANCE MANAGEMENT MONITORING IN WEB-ADMIN .............................................................42
5.1 System.......................................................................................................................................42
5.2 Clients Statistics........................................................................................................................44
5.3 Rogue AP Detection .................................................................................................................44
5.4 Radio Association-AP Mode....................................................................................................45
5.5 Radio Association-Bridge Mode ..............................................................................................47
6SOFTWARE UPGRADE THROUGH WEB-ADMIN AND CUSTOMIZATION ..................................................48
6.1 Customization Profile and Logo...............................................................................................48
6.2 Firmware Update Through HTTP or HTTPS...........................................................................48
7GLOSSARY..............................................................................................................................................51

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Table of Figures
FIGURE 1CONTROL PANEL IN WINDOWS XP............................................................................................................8
FIGURE 2NETWORK CONNECTIONS IN WINDOWS XP...............................................................................................9
FIGURE 3WIRELESS NETWORK CONNECTION PROPERTIES IN WINDOWS XP............................................................9
FIGURE 4INTERNET PROTOCOL (TCP/IP) PROPERTIES IN WINDOWS XP................................................................10
FIGURE 9NTP CONFIGURATION .............................................................................................................................15
FIGURE 10 SNMP CONFIGURATION..........................................................................................................................15
FIGURE 11 TELNET TO A2 .........................................................................................................................................17
FIGURE 12 TYPE IN THE USERNAME AND PASSWORD OF TELNET..............................................................................17
FIGURE 13 THE IP ADDRESS HERE IS THE ETHERNET INTERFACE OF THE A2...........................................................18
FIGURE 14 NETWORK CONFIGURATIONS UNDER SWITCH MODE AND THE IP ADDRESS HERE IS THE ETHERNET
INTERFACE OF THE A2 .......................................................................................................................................18
FIGURE 15 NETWORK CONFIGURATIONS UNDER GATEWAY MODE .........................................................................20
FIGURE 16 PPPOECONFIGURATION........................................................................................................................21
FIGURE 17 CONFIGURE DHCP SERVER...................................................................................................................22
FIGURE 18 CONFIGURE DHCP SERVER DISABLE ....................................................................................................23
FIGURE 19 CONFIGURE DHCP SERVER DISABLE ....................................................................................................23
FIGURE 20 WIRELESS RADIO PARAMETER CONFIGURATION...................................................................................25
FIGURE 22 VAP SETTING........................................................................................................................................28
FIGURE 24 WIRELESS RADIO SECURITY CONFIGURATION.......................................................................................29
FIGURE 25 WEP KEY SETTINGS..............................................................................................................................30
FIGURE 26 WPA SETTINGS .....................................................................................................................................30
FIGURE 27 WPA-PSK SETTINGS.............................................................................................................................31
FIGURE 28 STATION MODE CONFIGURATION ..........................................................................................................32
FIGURE 29 REPEATER MODE CONFIGURATION........................................................................................................33
FIGURE 31 ADVANCED BRIDGE RADIO SETTING.....................................................................................................37
FIGURE 32 BRIDGE ENCRYPTION SETTING_AES......................................................................................................39
FIGURE 33 WIRELESS RADIO DISABLE MODE .........................................................................................................40
FIGURE 34 REBOOT WINDOW..................................................................................................................................40
FIGURE 35 A2 IS REBOOTING ..................................................................................................................................40
FIGURE 36 RESET TO FACTORY DEFAULT SETTING IN WEB-ADMIN........................................................................41
FIGURE 37 DETAILS OF THE SYSTEM .......................................................................................................................42
FIGURE 38 STATUSES OF THE VAPS.........................................................................................................................43
FIGURE 39 STATUSES OF THE REMOTE BRIDGES .....................................................................................................43
FIGURE 39 CHANNEL SCAN .....................................................................................................................................45
FIGURE 40 RADIO ASSOCIATION TABLE..................................................................................................................46
FIGURE 41 RADIO STATISTICS PER MAC ADDRESS (DATA IS CUMULATIVE)...........................................................46
FIGURE 42 RADIO ASSOCIATION BRIDGE LIST ........................................................................................................47
FIGURE 43 BRIDGE ASSOCIATION STATISTICS PER MAC ADDRESS.........................................................................47
FIGURE 44 CUSTOMIZATION....................................................................................................................................48
FIGURE 45 UPLOAD THE FIRMWARE THROUGH HTTP OR HTTPS ..........................................................................49
FIGURE 46 FIRMWARE UPLOADING –WEB-ADMIN..................................................................................................49
FIGURE 47 SUCCESSFUL FIRMWARE UPDATE –WEB-ADMIN ..................................................................................50

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Manual Conventions
Bold
Bold type within paragraph text indicates commands, files names,
directory names, paths, output, or returned values.
Italic
Within commands, italics indicate a variable that the user must specify.
Titles of manuals or other published documents are also set in italics.
_____
Underline means that the words you have to pay attention.
Courier
The courier font indicates output or display.
[ ]
Within commands, items enclosed in square brackets are optional
parameters or values that the user can choose to specify or omit.
{ }
Within commands, item enclosed in braces are options from which the
user must choose.
|
Within commands, the vertical bar separates options.
…
An ellipsis indicates a repetition of preceding parameter.
>
The right angle bracket separates successive menu selection.
NOTE: This message denotes neutral or positive information that calls out important points
to the text. A note provides information that applies only in special cases.
Caution: Cautions call special attention to hazards that can cause system damage or
data corruption, to a lesser degree than warnings.
Warnings: Warnings call special attention to hazards that can cause system damage,
data corruption, personal injury, or death.

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1INTRODUCTION
1.1 TOTAL PERFORMANCE
Altai A2 WiFi Access Point/Bridge provides coverage for outdoor WiFi coverage and enhances
the Altai indoor coverage solution. It combines IEEE 802.11a/b/g/n to offer best WiFi access in
different scenarios.
1.2 COMPATIBLE WITH 802.11N
By adopting MIMO technology, Altai A2 provides up to 300Mbps data rate to 802.11n clients.
1.3 LARGE CAPACITY
Altai A2 has two radios. Both radios can work as access radio to enhance the total capacity of
A2 unit and as backhaul link.
1.4 DIFFERENT OPERATION MODES
There are multiple operation modes for each radio. AP mode means the radio is working for
clients association; CPE mode is used to receive signal from 2.4GHz radio end as backhaul link;
Repeater mode is used to repeat the 2.4GHz radio signal; 5GHz radio can be selected as
backhaul link when enabled Bridge mode and AP when enabled AP Mode; users can also
disable the radio.
This manual is to summarize how to perform configuration for the Altai A2 through web-admin
interface.
2A2 MODEL AND FIRMWARE VERSION
This manual is applicable for the following models and firmware version:
Product name : A2 WiFi Access Point/Bridge
Model number: A2/A2E
Firmware version: v1.0.6.48

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3GETTING START
3.1 SETUP LOCAL AREA CONNECTION ON YOUR PC
Altai A2 can be connected with your PC in wireless mode. In the followings, wireless mode will
be introduced.
Please kindly refer to the Altai A2 Installation Guide.
Start Network Configuration on your PC.
For Windows XP user,
1. Click the “start” menu and choose “Control Panel”.
2. Click “Network Connections”.
Figure 1 Control Panel in Windows XP

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3. Right-click on the “Wireless Network Connection” and select “Properties”.
Figure 2 Network Connections in Windows XP
4. After clicking on “Properties”, you will see the diagram as below.
Figure 3 Wireless Network Connection Properties in Windows XP
5. Marking the “Internet Protocol (TCP/IP)” and click the “Properties”.
6. Type in an “IP address”, for example, 192.168.1.2, which is under the same subnet as
the Default IP address of A2 (192.168.1.20).
7. Using the default “Subnet mask” (default: 255.255.255.0) setting at the first time.
8. Keep the “Default gateway” as “Blank”.
9. Keep the “Preferred DNS server”and “Alternate DNS server” as “Blank” also.
10. Click “OK” when you finish setting and close the Window.

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Figure 4 Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) Properties in Windows XP
11. Right-click on the “Wireless Network Connection” and select “View Available
Wireless Networks”.
Figure 5 Network Connections in Windows XP

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12. Click on the “Altai Wireless Network”
Figure 6 Showing Available Wireless Network Connections in Windows XP
3.2 CHECK ACCESS
“ping” utility of DOS mode is a handy tool to check the access to the A2.
1. Go to DOS mode by typing “cmd” in “Run”.
2. Type command:
ping 192.168.1.20
The A2 shall respond to your ping request if it has a correct connection with your PC.
NOTE: Using the same PC to ping different Altai A2 may cause ping failure. This is because
the Altai A2 has the same default IP address but different MAC addresses. You need to type a
command “arp –d” in DOS mode to clear ARP table on PC before each ping.

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4CONFIGURATION WITH WEB-ADMIN
4.1 WEB BROWSER CONNECTION
A2 can be accessed through a Web Browser, for example, Internet Explorer (IE).
1. Open an IE session and type the IP address of the A2. Example: https://192.168.1.20,
where 192.168.1.20 is the A2’s IP address. The A2 default IP Address is 192.168.1.20.
Note: the release version 1.0.6.48 only supports https format URL link.
2. A window will pop up, as shown in Figure 7. Enter the user name and password in the
corresponding fields. The default User Name and Password are shown in Table 1.
They are case sensitive.
Default User Name
Default Password
From version 1.0. onwards
altai
wag
Table 1 Default User Name and Password for logging in A2
Figure 7 Enter User Name and Password

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3. Figure . A Menu Bar is located on the left hand side of the IE window. Different
configurations can be chosen through the menu bar.
Figure 8 Web-admin Login Page
4.2 CHECKING THE A2 VERSIONS
The running version can be checked by selecting About under Administration in the menu bar.
In Figure 9, it shows:

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Firmware Version: v1.0.6.48
Figure 9 Firmware version of A2

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4.3 SETUP –USER NAME,PASSWORD AND SYSTEM NAME
The Password and System Name can be configured by selecting System under Configuration
in the menu bar, as shown in Figure
Figure 10 System Configuration
The User Name and Password for login are mentioned in Section 4.1, but only password can be
changed by entering a new string in the field of Password. Note: it is need to re-enter to
confirm the password. Please press Change Password button to store the new password.
The System Name is the name of A2.
NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.
4.4 REGULATORY DOMAIN CONFIGURATION
Regulatory Domain configuration controls the permitted wireless mode, frequency spectrum,
Maximum EIRP, and Maximum TX power in the system to fulfill the customer country
regulation.
The ETSI setting is intended for use in Europe or other ETSI-compliant countries, though some
European countries have regulations slightly different from the ETSI ones.
The FCC setting is intended for use in the US or other FCC-compliant countries.
The RoW setting is a super regulatory domain which allows access to all 2.4GHz and 5GHz
channels, with no limit on EIRP and conducted TX power.
The Malaysia setting is intended for use in Malaysia.
NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.

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4.5 NTPCONFIGURATION
NTP is a network time protocol for the AP to synchronize the system time. There is no NTP
server IP address by default. If NTP is needed, IP address of the NTP server must be added and
A2 will synchronize with the NTP server. This measure is useful to maintain the network and
make sure all APs using the same system time by setting the same NTP server.
Figure 5 NTP Configuration
NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.
4.6 SNMPCONFIGURATION
In the SNMP Manager, the administrator can change the Read Community and Write
Community which is used for security check between AP and SNMP manager. Access Subnet
IP and Access Subnet Mask can be configured to specify the IP address of SNMP Manager and
Access Subnet where SNMP manager is located. Notification Server can be added for SNMP
monitoring of APs. A2 will send SNMP trap packet to the added Notification Server. They are
parameters used for SNMP control between Altai A2 and AWMS system or a third party NMS.
Figure 6 SNMP Configuration

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NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.
4.7 QOSMODE AND DIFFSERV TAGGING
If QoS Mode is set to "Disabled", QoS feature is turned OFF. All traffic has equal priority and
equal chance of being delivered in a timely manner. When congestion occurs, all traffic has an
equal chance of being dropped. If QoS Mode is set to "Enabled", QoS feature is turned ON.
Users can create QoS profiles and apply different transmission priority policies to different
traffic types. The QoS implementation is based on WMM, which is a subset of 802.11e. It
prioritizes traffic between the AP/Bridge and wireless client device / peer bridge device, on a per
VAP basis. This control enables QoS for both 2.4GHz and 5GHz radios. QoS profile can be
selected for 2.4GHz radio under the VAP settings, whereas ToS/802.1Q profile will be
automatically used for 5GHz radio.
DiffServ Tagging setting is effective only when QoS Mode is enabled. The default setting is
"Enabled". If DiffServ Tagging is "Disabled", DiffServ Tagging feature is turned OFF. If
DiffServ Tagging is "Enabled", DiffServ Tagging feature is turned ON. The ToS field of IP
packets will be changed based on the QoS policies configured.
NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.
4.8 INTER-VAP FORWARDING
The default setting of Inter-VAP forwarding is “Disabled”. “Enabled” allows user traffic
(Wireless clients) to pass across VAPs (SSID). “Disabled” blocks the user traffic flow between
VAPs (SSID) for VAPs security.
NOTE: Click the Update icon to store the changed settings.
4.9 TELNET
Administrator can login to the A2 by telnet command in Command Prompt via Ethernet or WiFi.
For example, to telnet A2 with IP address of 192.168.1.20; telnet command is “telnet
192.168.1.20 2223”as shown in Figure 7 telnet to A2. Then, type in the Username and
Password of telnet as following table:
Username
root
Password
5up
Table 2 Telnet login name and password

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Figure 7 telnet to A2
Figure 8 Type in the Username and Password of telnet
NOTE: The telnet port number is limited at 2223.
4.10 NETWORK OPERATION MODE
The default setting for the Network Operation Mode is Switch Mode. If the A2 is set to Switch
Mode, it acts as a switch and routes traffic between the DS and wireless clients accordingly.
When it is in Gateway mode, it acts as a gateway and the Local IP Address and Local IP
Address Mask information must be entered to specify the A2 local interface for serving the
wireless client.
In Switch mode, VLAN mode is by default disabled and clients in different SSID under the
same A2 can communicate with each other. However, if VLAN is enabled, each SSID can be
edited with a specific VLAN tag value. Only clients with same VLAN tag in same or different
SSID can communicate. Moreover, in this mode, DHCPS, NAT and PPPoE configuration do not
take effect.
However, in Gateway mode, the DHCPS, NAT and PPPoE configurations can be configured but
the VLAN configuration do not take effect.
In Switch mode,

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VLAN can be configured
DHCPS, NAT and PPPoE are disabled
In Gateway mode
VLAN is disabled
DHCPS, NAT and PPPoE can be configured
4.11 SWITCH MODE
4.11.1 Static IP address
In IP Assignation, there are two kinds of mode for A2: Static IP address and DHCP Client. In
Switch mode, by clicking Network Configuration in the System page, users can configure the
IP Address, Subnet Mask and Gateway Address, as shown in
Figure 9 and Figure 10.
Figure 9 The IP address here is the Ethernet interface of the A2
Figure 10 Network Configurations under Switch mode and the IP address here is the Ethernet interface of the A2
4.11.2 DHCP Proxy
DHCP Proxy (also known as DHCP option 82) provides additional security when DHCP is used
to allocate network addresses. It enables the Access Point to act as a DHCP relay agent to
prevent DHCP client requests from untrusted sources. You can configure the Access Point to
adds option 82 information to DHCP Request from client before forwarding the request to the
DHCP server.
4.11.3 The Access Point adds the DHCP option 82 payload and forwards the request to the
server. The payload can contain the MAC address or the MAC address and SSID of the

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point, depending on how you configure this option, as shown in
Figure 9.
4.11.4 VLAN Configuration
Default setting of VLAN is “Disabled”. By clicking “Enabled”, VLAN can be enabled. A2
supports VLAN to VAP mappings to provide network security.
Management VLAN is used to configure the management VLAN of A2. A2 can only be
accessed through the specified management VLAN when VLAN is enabled. It will be ignored
when VLAN is disabled.
Native VLAN Tagging configuration specifies the tagging for packets in the native VLAN.
Default setting is “Disabled”and native VLAN packets are transmitted with untagged. If it sets
to “Enabled”, tagged native VLAN packets are transmitted.
4.11.5 STP Configuration
STP ensures a loop free topology for any bridged LAN. Under switch mode, STP can be
configured with choice of “Enabled” and “Disabled”, where the default setting is “Disabled”.
The system supports the following fixed default STP parameters:
Bridge priority: 32768
Bridge maximum age: 20 seconds
Bridge hello time: 2 seconds
Bridge forwarding delay: 15 seconds
Ethernet port path cost: 80
Ethernet port priority: 128
802.11a bridge port path cost for each bridge link: 100
802.11a bridge port path priority for each bridge link: 128
4.11.6 DHCP Client
By enabling DHCP Client and clicking the icon Update, the A2 will acquire a dynamic IP
address from a DHCP server after rebooting.
Without enabling DHCP Client, the IP Address, Subnet Mask and the Default Gateway
Address should be configured by the user, unless the user prefers using the default setting.
NOTE: It is not recommended enabling DHCP client to allocate the IP address for A2
due to the fact that DHCP server may assign a dynamic IP address to the A2. Users associate A2
web-admin pages impossibly as the A2 IP address is unknown