Apogee SI-411 User manual

APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone] WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2013 Apogee Instruments, Inc.
OWNER’S MANUAL
INFRARED RADIOMETERS
Models: SI-411, SI-421, SI-431, SI-4H1

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY……………………………..……………………. 3
INTRODUCTION…………………………………………………………………………….. 4
SENSOR MODELS....................................................................... 5
SPECIFICATIONS……………………………………………………………………………. 6
DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION……………………………………………….. 8
OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT……………………………………..…………. 10
MAINTENANCE AND RECALIBRATION………………………………….......... 17
TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT…………………………… 18
RETURN POLICY AND WARRANTY…………………………………………………. 19

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DECLARATION OF CONFORMITY
CE and ROHS Certificate of Compliance
We Apogee Instruments, Inc.
721 W 1800 N
Logan, Utah 84321
USA
Declare under our sole responsibility that the products:
Models: SI-411, SI-421, SI-431, SI-4H1
Type: Infrared Radiometer
are in conformity with the following standards and relevant EC directives:
Emissions: EN 61326-1:2013
Immunity: EN 61326-1:2013
Safety: EN 61010-1:2010
EU directive 2004/108/EC, EMC
EU directive 2002/95/EC, RoHS (Restriction of Hazardous Substances)
EU directive 2011/65/EU, RoHS2
Please be advised that based on the information available to us from our raw material suppliers, the
products manufactured by us do not contain, as intentional additives, any of the restricted materials,
including cadmium, hexavalent chromium, lead, mercury, polybrominated biphenyls (PBB),
polybrominated diphenyls (PBDE).
Further note that Apogee Instruments does not specifically run any analysis on our raw materials or end
products for the presence of these substances, but rely on the information provided to us by our material
suppliers.
Bruce Bugbee
President
Apogee Instruments, Inc.
June 2013

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INTRODUCTION
All objects with a temperature above absolute zero emit electromagnetic radiation. The wavelengths and
intensity of radiation emitted are related to the temperature of the object. Terrestrial surfaces (e.g., soil,
plant canopies, water, snow) emit radiation in the mid infrared portion of the electromagnetic spectrum
(approximately 4-50 µm).
Infrared radiometers are sensors that measure infrared radiation, which is used to determine surface
temperature without touching the surface (when using sensors that must be in contact with the surface, it
can be difficult to maintain thermal equilibrium without altering surface temperature). Infrared
radiometers are often called infrared thermometers because temperature is the desired quantity, even
though the sensors detect radiation.
Typical applications of infrared radiometers include plant canopy temperature measurement for use in
plant water status estimation, road surface temperature measurement for determination of icing
conditions, and terrestrial surface (soil, vegetation, water, snow) temperature measurement in energy
balance studies.
Apogee Instruments SI series infrared radiometers consist of a thermopile detector, germanium filter,
precision thermistor (for detector reference temperature measurement), and signal processing circuitry
mounted in an anodized aluminum housing, and a cable to connect the sensor to a measurement device.
All radiometers also come with a radiation shield designed to minimize absorbed solar radiation, but still
allowing natural ventilation. The radiation shield insulates the radiometer from rapid temperature
changes and keeps the temperature of the radiometer closer to the target temperature. Sensors are
potted solid with no internal air space and are designed for continuous temperature measurement of
terrestrial surfaces in indoor and outdoor environments. SI-400 series sensors output a digital signal using
SDI-12 protocol version 1.3.

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SENSOR MODELS
Apogee SI series infrared radiometer models covered in this manual, SI-400 series, are digital versions
that provide an SDI-12 output. Analog models with a voltage output are also available; see manual for SI-
100 series infrared radiometers.
The four FOV options and associated model numbers are shown below.
Model: SI-411 SI-421 SI-431 SI-4H1
Sensor model number, serial number, and
production date are located on a label near
the pigtail leads on the sensor cable.

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SPECIFICATIONS
Input Voltage Requirement: 4.5 to 24 V DC
Current Drain:1.1 mA (quiescent), 6 mA (transmitting)
Calibration Uncertainty (-20 to 65 C): 0.2 C, when target and detector temperature are within 20 C
Calibration Uncertainty (-40 to 80 C): 0.5 C, when target and detector temperature are different by
more than 20 C (see Calibration Traceability below)
Measurement Repeatability: < 0.05 C
Stability (Long-term Drift): less than 2 % change in slope per year when germanium filter is maintained
in a clean condition (see Maintenance and Recalibration section below)
Response Time: 0.6 s, time for detector signal to reach 95 % following a step change; fastest data
transmission rate for SDI-12 circuitry is 1 s
Field of View: 22° half angle (SI-411)
18° half angle (SI-421)
14° half angle (SI-431)
32° horizontal half angle; 13° vertical half angle (SI-4H1)
Spectral Range: 8 to 14 µm; atmospheric window (see Spectral Response below)
Operating Environment: -45 to 80 C
0 to 100 % relative humidity (non-condensing)
Dimensions: 2.3 cm diameter and 6.0 cm length
Mass: 190 g (with 5 m of lead wire)
Cable: 5 m of four conductor, shielded, twisted-pair wire.
Additional cable available in multiples of 5 m
Santoprene rubber jacket (high water resistance, high UV stability, flexibility in cold conditions)
Pigtail lead wires

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Calibration Traceability:
Apogee SI series infrared radiometers are calibrated to the temperature of a custom blackbody cone
held at multiple fixed temperatures over a range of radiometer (detector/sensor body) temperatures. The
temperature of the blackbody cone is measured with replicate precision thermistors thermally bonded to
the cone surface. The precision thermistors are calibrated for absolute temperature measurement against
a platinum resistance thermometer (PRT) in a constant temperature bath. The PRT calibration is directly
traceable to the NIST.
Spectral Response:
Spectral response of SI series
infrared radiometers. Spectral
response (green line) is
determined by the germanium
filter and corresponds closely to
the atmospheric window of 8-14
µm, minimizing interference
from atmospheric
absorption/emission bands
(blue line) below 8 µm and
above 14 µm. Typical terrestrial
surfaces have temperatures that
yield maximum radiation
emission within the atmospheric
window, as shown by the
blackbody curve for a radiator at
28 C (red line).

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DEPLOYMENT AND INSTALLATION
The mounting geometry (distance from target surface, angle of orientation relative to target surface) is
determined by the desired area of surface to be measured. The field of view extends unbroken from the
sensor to the target surface. Sensors must be carefully mounted in order to view the desired target and
avoid including unwanted surfaces/objects in the field of view, thereby averaging unwanted temperatures
with the target temperature (see Field of View below). Once mounted, the green cap must be
removed.The green cap can be used as a protective covering for the sensor, when it is not in use.
An Apogee Instruments model AM-210 mounting bracket is recommended for mounting the sensor to a
cross arm or pole. The AM-210 allows adjustment of the angle of the sensor with respect to the target
and accommodates the radiation shield designed for all SI series infrared radiometers.

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Field of View:
The field of view (FOV) is reported as the half-angle of the apex of the cone formed by the target surface
(cone base) and the detector (cone apex), as shown below, where the target is defined as a circle from
which 98 % of the radiation detected by the radiometer is emitted.
Sensor FOV, distance to target, and sensor mounting angle in relation to the target will determine target
area. Different mounting geometries (distance and angle combinations) produce different target shapes
and areas, as shown below.
A simple FOV calculator for determining target dimensions based on infrared radiometer model,
mounting height, and mounting angle, is available on the Apogee website:
http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/using-your-apogee-instruments-infrared-radiometer/.

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OPERATION AND MEASUREMENT
All SI-400 series radiometers have an SDI-12 output, where target and detector temperatures are
returned in digital format. Measurement of SI-400 series radiometers requires a measurement device with
SDI-12 functionality that includes the M or C command.
Wiring:
All Apogee SDI-12 infrared radiometer models (SI-400 series) have sensor-specific calibration coefficients
determined during the custom calibration process. Coefficients are programmed into the microcontroller
at the factory. Calibration data for each sensor are provided on a calibration certificate (shown on
following page).

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Apogee SI series infrared radiometers are calibrated in a temperature controlled chamber that houses a
custom-built blackbody cone (target) for the radiation source. During calibration, infrared radiometers
(detectors) are held in a fixture at the opening of the blackbody cone, but are thermally insulated from
the cone. Detector and target temperature are controlled independently. At each calibration set point,
detectors are held at a constant temperature while the blackbody cone is controlled at temperatures
below (12 C), above (18 C), and equal to the detector temperature. The range of detector temperatures is
-15 C to 45 C (set points at 10 C increments). Data are collected at each detector temperature set point,
after detectors and target reach constant temperatures.

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SDI-12 Interface:
The following is a brief explanation of the serial digital interface SDI-12 protocol instructions used in
Apogee SI-400 series infrared radiometers. For questions on the implementation of this protocol, please
refer to the official version of the SDI-12 protocol: http://www.sdi-12.org/specification.php (version 1.3,
January 26, 2013).
Overview:
During normal communication, the data recorder sends a packet of data to the sensor that consists of an
address and a command. Then, the sensor sends a response. In the following descriptions, SDI-12
commands and responses are enclosed in quotes. The SDI-12 address and the command/response
terminators are defined as follows:
Sensors come from the factory with the address of “0” for use in single sensor systems. Addresses
“1 to 9” and “A to Z”, or “a to z”, can be used for additional sensors connected to the same SDI-12
bus.
“!” is the last character of a command instruction. In order to be compliant with SDI-12 protocol, all
commands must be terminated with a “!”. SDI-12 language supports a variety of commands. Supported
commands for the Apogee Instruments SI-400 series infrared radiometers are listed in the following table
(“a” is the sensor address. The following ASCII Characters are valid addresses: “0-9” or “A-Z”).
Supported Commands for Apogee Instruments SI-400 Series Infrared Radiometers
Instruction Name
Instruction Syntax
Description
Send Identification Command
aI!
Send Identification Information
Measurement Command
aM!
Tells the Sensor to take a
Measurement
Measurement Command w/ Check
Character
aMC!
Tells the Sensor to take a
Measurement and return it with a
Check
Character
Change Address Command
aAn!
Changes the Address of the Sensor
from a to n
Concurrent Measurement
Command
aC!
Used to take a measurement when
more than one sensor is used on the
same data line
Concurrent Measurement
Command w/ Check Character
aCC!
Used to take a measurement when
more than one sensor is used on the
same data line. Data is returned
with a check character.
Address Query Command
?!
Used when the address is unknown
to have the sensor identify its
address
Get Data Command
aD0!
Retrieves the data from a sensor
Make Measurement Command: M!
The make measurement command signals a measurement sequence to be performed. Data values
generated in response to this command are stored in the sensor's buffer for subsequent collection using
“D” commands. Data will be retained in sensor storage until another “M”, “C”, or “V” command is

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executed. M commands are shown in the following examples:
Command
Response
Response to 0D0!
aM!
a0011<cr><lf>
Target Temperature
aM1!
a0012<cr><lf>
Target Temperature and Sensor Body Temperature
aMC!
a0011<cr><lf>
Target Temperature w/ CRC
aMC1!
a0012<cr><lf>
Target Temperature and Sensor Body Temperature w/ CRC
where a is the sensor address (“0-9”, “A-Z”, “a-z”) and M is an upper-case ASCII character.
The target temperature and sensor body temperature are separated by the sign “+” or “-“, as in the
following example (0 is the address):
Command
Sensor Response
Sensor Response when data is ready
0M!
00011<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
0D0!
0+23.4563<cr><lf>
0M1!
00012<cr><lf>
0<cr><lf>
0D0!
0+23.4563+35.1236<cr><lf>
where 23.4563 is target temperature and 35.1236 is detector (sensor body) temperature.
Concurrent Measurement Command: aC!
A concurrent measurement is one which occurs while other SDI-12 sensors on the bus are also making
measurements. This command is similar to the “aM!” command, however, the nn field has an extra digit
and the sensor does not issue a service request when it has completed the measurement.
Communicating with other sensors will NOT abort a concurrent measurement. Data values generated in
response to this command are stored in the sensor's buffer for subsequent collection using “D”
commands. The data will be retained in the sensor until another “M”, “C”, or “V” command is executed:
Command
Response
Response to 0D0!
aC!
a00101<cr><lf>
Target Temperature
aC1!
a00102<cr><lf>
Target Temperature and Sensor Body Temperature
aCC!
a00101<cr><lf>
Target Temperature w/ CRC
aCC1!
a00102<cr><lf>
Target Temperature and Sensor Body Temperature w/ CRC
where a is the sensor address (“0-9”, “A-Z”, “a-z”, “*”, “?”) and C is an upper-case ASCII character.
For example (0 is the address):
Command
Sensor Response
0C!
000101<cr><lf>
0D0!
0+23.4563<cr><lf>
0C1!
000102<cr><lf>
0D0!
0+23.4563+35.1236<cr><lf>
where 23.4563 is target temperature and 35.1236 is detector (sensor body) temperature.
Change Sensor Address: aAn!
The change sensor address command allows the sensor address to be changed. If multiple SDI-12
devices are on the same bus, each device will require a unique SDI-12 address. For example, two SDI-12

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sensors with the factory address of 0 requires changing the address on one of the sensors to a non-zero
value in order for both sensors to communicate properly on the same channel:
Command
Response
Description
aAn!
n<cr><lf>
Change the address of the
sensor
where a is the current (old) sensor address (“0-9”, “A-Z”), A is an upper-case ASCII character denoting the
instruction for changing the address, n is the new sensor address to be programmed (“0-9”, “A-Z”), and !
is the standard character to execute the command. If the address change is successful, the datalogger
will respond with the new address and a <cr><lf>.
Send Identification Command: aI!
The send identification command responds with sensor vendor, model, and version data. Any
measurement data in the sensor's buffer is not disturbed:
Command
Response
Description
"aI!"
a13Apogee SI-
4mmvvvxx…xx<cr><lf>
The sensor serial number and
other identifying values are
returned
where a is the sensor address (“0-9”, “A-Z”, “a-z”, “*”, “?”), mm is a the sensor model number (11, 21, 31,
or H1), vvv is a three character field specifying the sensor version number, and xx...xx is serial number.
Target Temperature Measurement:
SI-400 series infrared radiometers have an SDI-12 output. The following equations and the custom
calibration coefficients described in this section are programmed into the microcontroller. Target
temperature is output directly in digital format.
The detector output from SI series radiometers follows the fundamental physics of the Stefan-Boltzmann
Law, where radiation transfer is proportional to the fourth power of absolute temperature. A modified
form of the Stefan-Boltzmann equation is used to calibrate sensors, and subsequently, calculate target
temperature:
bSmTT D
4
D
4
T+⋅=−
(1)
where TTis target temperature [K], TDis detector temperature [K], SDis the millivolt signal from the
detector, m is slope, and b is intercept. The mV signal from the detector is linearly proportional to the
energy balance between the target and detector, analogous to energy emission being linearly
proportional to the fourth power of temperature in the Stefan-Boltzmann Law.
During the calibration process, m and b are determined at each detector temperature set point (10 C
increments across a -15 C to 45 C range) by plotting measurements of TT4– TD4versus mV. The derived m
and b coefficients are then plotted as function of TDand second order polynomials are fitted to the
results to produce equations that determine m and b at any TD:
0CT1CT2Cm D
2
D+⋅+⋅=
(2)

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0CT1CT2Cb
D
2
D
+⋅+⋅=
(3)
Where C2, C1, and C0 are the custom calibration coefficients listed on the calibration certificate (shown
above) that comes with each SI-100 series radiometer (there are two sets of polynomial coefficients, one
set for m and one set for b). Note that TDis converted from Kelvin to Celsius (temperature in C equals
temperature in K minus 273.15) before m and b are plotted versus TD.
To make measurements of target temperatures, Eq. (1) is rearranged to solve for TT[C], measured values
of SDand TDare input, and predicted values of m and b are input:
()
15.
273bSmTT
4
1
D
4
D
T
−+⋅+=
(4)
Emissivity Correction:
Appropriate correction for surface emissivity is required for accurate surface temperature measurements.
The simple (and commonly made) emissivity correction, dividing measured temperature by surface
emissivity, is incorrect because it does not account for reflected infrared radiation.
The radiation detected by an infrared radiometer includes two components: 1. radiation directly emitted
by the target surface, and 2. reflected radiation from the background. The second component is often
neglected. The magnitude of the two components in the total radiation detected by the radiometer is
estimated using the emissivity (ε) and reflectivity (1 - ε) of the target surface:
( )
BackgroundetargTSensor
E1EE ⋅ε−+⋅ε=
(1)
where ESensor is radiance [W m-2 sr-1] detected by the radiometer, ETarget is radiance [W m-2 sr-1] emitted by
the target surface, EBackground is radiance [W m-2 sr-1] emitted by the background (when the target surface is
outdoors the background is generally the sky), and εis the ratio of non-blackbody radiation emission
(actual radiation emission) to blackbody radiation emission at the same temperature (theoretical
maximum for radiation emission). Unless the target surface is a blackbody (ε= 1; emits and absorbs the
theoretical maximum amount of energy based on temperature), Esensor will include a fraction (1 – ε) of
reflected radiation from the background.
Since temperature, rather than energy, is the desired quantity, Eq. (1) can be written in terms of
temperature using the Stefan-Boltzmann Law, E = σT4(relates energy being emitted by an object to the
fourth power of its absolute temperature):
( )
4
Background
4
etargT
4
Sensor T1TT ⋅σ⋅ε−+⋅σ⋅ε=⋅σ
(2)
where TSensor [K] is temperature measured by the infrared radiometer (brightness temperature), TTarget [K] is
actual temperature of the target surface, TBackground [K] is brightness temperature of the background
(usually the sky), and σis the Stefan-Boltzmann constant (5.67 x 10-8 W m-2 K-4). The power of 4 on the
temperatures in Eq. (2) is valid for the entire blackbody spectrum.

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Rearrangement of Eq. (2) to solve for TTarget yields the equation used to calculate the actual target surface
temperature (i.e., measured brightness temperature corrected for emissivity effects):
()
4
4
Background
4
Sensor
etargT
T1T
Tε
⋅ε−−
=
. (3)
Equations (1)-(3) assume an infinite waveband for radiation emission and constant εat all wavelengths.
These assumptions are not valid because infrared radiometers do not have infinite wavebands, as most
correspond to the atmospheric window of 8-14 µm, and εvaries with wavelength. Despite the violated
assumptions, the errors for emissivity correction with Eq. (3) in environmental applications are typically
negligible because a large proportion of the radiation emitted by terrestrial objects is in the 8-14 µm
waveband (the power of 4 in Eqs. (2) and (3) is a reasonable approximation), εfor most terrestrial objects
does not vary significantly in the 8-14 µm waveband, and the background radiation is a small fraction (1 –
ε) of the measured radiation because most terrestrial surfaces have high emissivity (often between 0.9 and
1.0). To apply Eq. (3), the brightness temperature of the background (TBackground) must be measured or
estimated with reasonable accuracy. If a radiometer is used to measure background temperature, the
waveband it measures should be the same as the radiometer used to measure surface brightness
temperature. Although the εof a fully closed plant canopy can be 0.98-0.99, the lower εof soils and other
surfaces can result in substantial errors if εeffects are not accounted for.

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MAINTENANCE AND RECALIBRATION
Blocking of the optical path between the target and detector, often due to moisture or debris on the
filter, is a common cause of inaccurate measurements. The filter in SI series radiometers is inset in an
aperture, but can become partially blocked in four ways:
1. Dew or frost formation on the filter.
2. Salt deposit accumulation on the filter, due to evaporating irrigation water or sea spray. This
leaves a thin white film on the filter surface. Salt deposits can be removed with a dilute acid (e.g.,
vinegar). Salt deposits cannot be removed with solvents such as alcohol or acetone.
3. Dust and dirt deposition in the aperture and on the filter (usually a larger problem in windy
environments). Dust and dirt are best removed with deionized water, rubbing alcohol, or in
extreme cases, acetone.
4. Spiders/insects and/or nests in the aperture leading to the filter. If spiders/insects are a problem,
repellent should be applied around the aperture entrance (not on the filter).
Clean inner threads of the aperture and the filter with a cotton swab dipped in the appropriate solvent.
Never use an abrasive material on the filter. Use only gentle pressure when cleaning the filter with a
cotton swab, to avoid scratching the outer surface. The solvent should be allowed to do the cleaning, not
mechanical force.
It is recommended that infrared radiometers be recalibrated every two years. See the Apogee webpage
for details regarding return of sensors for recalibration (http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/tech-
support-recalibration-repairs/).

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TROUBLESHOOTING AND CUSTOMER SUPPORT
Independent Verification of Functionality:
The simplest way to check sensor functionality is the aM2! command. This command returns detector
temperature and detector voltage output. Detector temperature should read very near room
temperature. When the aperature of the sensor is covered with aluminum foil, the voltage output should
read very near 0 mV.
If the sensor does not communicate with the datalogger, use an ammeter to check the current drain. It
should be near 1.1 mA when the sensor is not communicating and spike to approximately 6 mA when the
sensor is communicating. Any current drain greater than 6 mA indicates a problem with power supply to
the sensors, wiring of the sensor, or sensor electronics.
Compatible Measurement Devices (Dataloggers/Controllers/Meters):
Any datalogger or meter with SDI-12 functionality that includes the M or C command.
An example datalogger program for Campbell Scientific dataloggers can be found on the Apogee
webpage at http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/content/Infrared-Radiometer-Digital.CR1.
Modifying Cable Length:
SDI-12 protocol limits cable length to 60 meters. For multiple sensors connected to the same data line,
the maximum is 600 meters of total cable (e.g., ten sensors with 60 meters of cable per sensor). See
Apogee webpage for details on how to extend sensor cable length
(http://www.apogeeinstruments.com/how-to-make-a-weatherproof-cable-splice/).
Signal Interference:
Due to the small voltage signals from the detector, care should be taken to provide appropriate
grounding for the sensor and cable shield wire, in order to minimize the influence of electromagnetic
interference (EMI). In instances where SI-100 series radiometers are being used in close proximity to
communications (near an antenna or antenna wiring), it may be necessary to alternate the data recording
and data transmitting functions (i.e., measurements should not be made when data are being transmitted
wirelessly). If EMI is suspected, place a tinfoil cap over the front of the sensor and monitor the signal
voltage from the detector. The signal voltage should remain stable at (or very near) zero.

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RETURN AND WARRANTY POLICY
RETURN POLICY
Apogee Instruments will accept returns within 30 days of purchase as long as the product is in new condition (to be determined by
Apogee). Returns are subject to a 10 % restocking fee.
WARRANTY POLICY
What is Covered
All products manufactured by Apogee Instruments are warranted to be free from defects in materials and craftsmanship for a period
of four (4) years from the date of shipment from our factory. To be considered for warranty coverage an item must be evaluated
either at our factory or by an authorized distributor.
Products not manufactured by Apogee (spectroradiometers, chlorophyll content meters) are covered for a period of one (1) year.
What is Not Covered
The customer is responsible for all costs associated with the removal, reinstallation, and shipping of suspected warranty items to our
factory.
The warranty does not cover equipment that has been damaged due to the following conditions:
1. Improper installation or abuse.
2. Operation of the instrument outside of its specified operating range.
3. Natural occurrences such as lightning, fire, etc.
4. Unauthorized modification.
5. Improper or unauthorized repair.
Please note that nominal accuracy drift is normal over time. Routine recalibration of sensors/meters is considered part of proper
maintenance and is not covered under warranty.
Who is Covered
This warranty covers the original purchaser of the product or other party who may own it during the warranty period.
What We Will Do
At no charge we will:
1. Either repair or replace (at our discretion) the item under warranty.
2. Ship the item back to the customer by the carrier of our choice.
Different or expedited shipping methods will be at the customer’s expense.
How To Return An Item
1. Please do not send any products back to Apogee Instruments until you have received a Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA)
number from our technical support department by calling [phone] or by submitting an online RMA form at
www.apogeeinstruments.com/tech-support-recalibration-repairs/. We will use your RMA number for tracking of the service item.
2. Send all RMA sensors and meters back in the following condition: Clean the sensor’s exterior and cord. Do not modify the sensors
or wires, including splicing, cutting wire leads, etc. If a connector has been attached to the cable end, please include the mating
connector – otherwise the sensor connector will be removed in order to complete the repair/recalibration.

20
3. Please write the RMA number on the outside of the shipping container.
4. Return the item with freight pre-paid and fully insured to our factory address shown below. We are not responsible for any costs
associated with the transportation of products across international borders.
5. Upon receipt, Apogee Instruments will determine the cause of failure. If the product is found to be defective in terms of
operation to the published specifications due to a failure of product materials or craftsmanship, Apogee Instruments will repair or
replace the items free of charge. If it is determined that your product is not covered under warranty, you will be informed and given
an estimated repair/replacement cost.
Apogee Instruments, Inc.
721 West 1800 North Logan, UT
84321, USA
OTHER TERMS
The available remedy of defects under this warranty is for the repair or replacement of the original product, and Apogee
Instruments is not responsible for any direct, indirect, incidental, or consequential damages, including but not limited to loss of
income, loss of revenue, loss of profit, loss of wages, loss of time, loss of sales, accruement of debts or expenses, injury to personal
property, or injury to any person or any other type of damage or loss.
This limited warranty and any disputes arising out of or in connection with this limited warranty ("Disputes") shall be governed by
the laws of the State of Utah, USA, excluding conflicts of law principles and excluding the Convention for the International Sale of
Goods. The courts located in the State of Utah, USA, shall have exclusive jurisdiction over any Disputes.
This limited warranty gives you specific legal rights, and you may also have other rights, which vary from state to state and
jurisdiction to jurisdiction, and which shall not be affected by this limited warranty. This warranty extends only to you and cannot by
transferred or assigned. If any provision of this limited warranty is unlawful, void or unenforceable, that provision shall be deemed
severable and shall not affect any remaining provisions. In case of any inconsistency between the English and other versions of this
limited warranty, the English version shall prevail.
This warranty cannot be changed, assumed, or amended by any other person or agreement.
APOGEE INSTRUMENTS, INC. 721 WEST 1800 NORTH, LOGAN, UTAH 84321, USA
TEL: [phone] FAX: [phone] WEB: APOGEEINSTRUMENTS.COM
Copyright © 2013 Apogee Instruments, Inc.