B&B Electronics Parallel Port Input/Output Converter PPIO User manual

.PPIO2899 Manual Cover Page
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
Parallel Port Input/Output Converter
Model PPIO
Document No. PPIO2899
B&B Electronics Mfg. Co. Inc.
707 Dayton Road -- P.O. Box 1040 -- Ottawa, IL 61350 USA
Phone [phone] -- General Fax [phone]
Home Page: www.bb-elec.com
Sales e-mail: [e-mail] -- Fax [phone]
Technical Support e-mail: [email protected] -- Fax [phone]
Copyright ?1991-1999 B&B Electronics -- Revised June 1999
Not Recommended for New Installations.
Please contact Technical Support for more information.

PPIO2899 Manual Table of Contents i
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION .............................................................................1
PACKING LIST.................................................................................2
PC PARALLEL PORT DESCRIPTION ...........................................3
PPIO DESCRIPTION & CONNECTION..........................................7
CONTROLLING THE PPIO USING GWBASIC..............................9
CONTROLLING THE PPIO USING PASCAL...............................12
CONTROLLING THE PPIO USING C...........................................18
INTERFACING TO THE PPIO.......................................................27
EXAMPLE USE OF THE PPIO .....................................................29
APPENDIX.....................................................................................33
HEXADECIMAL NUMBERS ..............................................................33
BINARY NUMBERS ........................................................................34

PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
1
INTRODUCTION
The PPIO allows you to connect your IBM PC (or clone)
computer to the outside world using the computer’s parallel port.
The eight I/O points can be used as either inputs or outputs. As an
output they can control voltages as high as 50 Volts DC and can
handle currents as high as 500 mA DC. As an input they can handle
voltages from 0 to 50 volts with a threshold of 2.5 Volts DC.
CAUTION: Each output of the PPIO can dissipate 1 Watt when
used alone, however, all eight outputs together cannot
dissipate more than 2.25 Watts.
NOTE: The PPIO connects to the parallel port of your computer and
uses most of the available pins on that port. You MUST use a cable
that connects pins 1 through 17 of the DB-25 connector to the PPIO
for it to work properly. To be safe you should use a cable that
connects all 25 pins from connector to connector.
NOTE: The PPIO can only be used with parallel ports that are in
“compatible” or “normal” mode. It will not function properly with
parallel ports in ECP or EPP modes. The mode of the parallel port
can be changed in the BIOS setup by pressing either the F2 key or
DEL key just after the computer begins the boot procedure.
The PPIO comes with sample DOS programs written in
GWBASIC, QuickBASIC, Pascal, and C. These sample programs
can be used "as is" to test the PPIO and to control and display the
status of its I/O pins. Parts of these programs can be used in other
programs to make it easier to interface to the PPIO. Also, by
studying these programs a programmer can learn how to write code
in any language to do a similar job.

2PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
Packing List
Examine the shipping carton and contents for physical damage.
If there is damage, contact B&B Electronics immediately. The
following items should be in the shipping carton:
1) PPIO unit
2) This Instruction Manual
3) PPIO Sample/Test Disk
If any of the above items is missing contact B&B Electronics
immediately.

PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
3
PC PARALLEL PORT DESCRIPTION
To understand how the PPIO can be controlled you must
first understand how the parallel port works inside the computer. The
parallel port is designed to connect the computer with the outside
world. It can have up to 12 TTL compatible outputs and up to 9 TTL
compatible inputs. It cannot have both at the same time since some
inputs and outputs share pins. Eight of the outputs and five of the
inputs are dedicated. Four of the lines can be either inputs or
outputs.
The main use for the parallel port is to send data to a
printer. The port uses the eight dedicated outputs for data and the
other lines for handshakes. Under normal printer operation, the
computer will put an eight-bit byte on the eight lines (pins 2-9) and
then use the Strobe output (pin 1) to tell the printer to read the data.
Upon receipt of an Acknowledge (pin 10) from the printer the
computer knows that the eight bit word was received. It can then
send the next word. Other lines are used for busy, off line, etc.
All the control of the parallel port is done through software. If
you look at the hardware you find that the parallel port is connected
directly to the computer bus. This means that we can address these
inputs and outputs in any way we want if we do not use the port to
drive a printer.
Each PC has port addresses where the parallel ports, serial
ports, hard disk, etc. can be addressed. These are located in the
address range from 0000H to 03FFH (the H indicates the use of the
hexadecimal numbering system). Each parallel port has one main
port address for outputting data. The next two addresses above that
address are used for handshaking control. For instance, on a typical
computer a parallel port could be located at address 0378H. The
handshaking lines will then be located at 0379H and 037AH. Table 1
shows the correspondence between the bits of the port and the pins
of the DB-25 female connector.
Referring to Table 1, if you output a 01H (which is 00000001
in binary) to your computer’s port 0378H, then pin 2 of the parallel
port’s DB-25 connector will be HIGH and pins 3 through 9 will be
LOW. To do this using GWBASIC you would use the command:
OUT &H378,&H01. Using this method you can output any pattern
you wish on pins 2 through 9 of the parallel port. To turn ON pins 2,
4, 6, and 8 use: OUT &H378,&H55. 55H is the same as 01010101
binary. This port (0378H) can be read as an input, but mostly it is

4PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
used to read the status of the port. The PPIO does not need to use
this port as an input port.
Again, referring to Table 1, if you input the data on port
0379H, then whatever TTL level pins 15, 13, 12, 10, and 11 are will
show up as bits 3 through 7. The state of bits 0, 1, and 2 will be
unknown since they are not hooked to anything, but they probably
will be HIGH (ONE). Note that the data on pin 11 will be inverted, if
pin 11 is LOW you will get a HIGH on bit 7. The pins with the “bars”
over them are all inverted. This is done by the hardware in the
parallel port over which we have no control. A way to read these pins
using GWBASIC is: A1=INP(&H379). A1 will then have the results of
the input from port address 0379H. Bit 3 of A1 will have the status of
pin 15, bit 4 the status of pin 13, etc.
Note that on the third address (037AH) the pins can be
either inputs or outputs. If you use the GWBASIC command OUT
&H37A,&H01 (00000001 BINARY) then pin 1 will be LOW (because
it is inverted), pins 14 and 17 will be HIGH (they also are inverted),
and pin 16 will be LOW (it is not inverted).

PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
5
Table 1
Note 1: X means no connection to any DB-25 pin.
Note 2: Bit 4 of 37AH as an output is used to control the interrupt IRQ7.
When this bit is HIGH, IRQ7 is enabled and when this bit is LOW, IRQ7 is
disabled. As an input, this reads the status of the IRQ7 interrupt to see if it
is enabled or not.
Note 3: The “bars” over the top of some pin numbers indicate that those
signals are inverted (in hardware) from PC's bus to DB-25 pin.
You can also read pins 1, 14, 16, and 17 using the INP(&H37A)
command. For this to work properly, you must first force all the
outputs HIGH. The way the parallel port is wired, if you do not force
the outputs HIGH they will interfere with the inputs. To do this, use
the command OUT &H37A,&H04 (04H is the same as 00000100
binary). Pins 1, 14, and 17 are inverting so a ZERO written to them
forces them HIGH. Pin 16 is non-inverting so the ONE written to it
forces it HIGH. After issuing the OUT command you can then do a
A2=INP(&H37A) that will read the TTL levels on those pins. In this
case the four upper bits (bits 4-7) will be unknown, but will probably
be HIGH.
378H 379H 37AH
BIT Output Input Output Input Output Input
0 2 2 X X_ 1_ 1
1 3 3 X X_ 14 _ 14
2 4 4 X X 16 16
3 5 5 X 15 _ 17 _ 17
4 6 6 X 13 See Note 2 See Note 2
5 7 7 X 12 X X
6 8 8 X 10 X X
7 9 9 X_ 11 X X

6PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
There are three port addresses that are normally used on a PC
for parallel ports: 3BCH, 378H, and 278H. When your PC is reset or
turned on these three addresses are scanned by the BIOS in the
order shown above. The first one that the BIOS finds with a parallel
port installed is assigned the logical name LPT1. The second, LPT2,
etc. You can connect the PPIO to a port located at any of these
three addresses. During power up the computer will assign that port
a logical name but we will ignore it and communicate to the port
directly.
If you are using a base address of 0278H the I/O port addresses
in Table 1 would change to 0278H, 0279H, and 027AH. With a base
address of 03BCH the addresses are 03BCH, 03BDH, and 03BEH.
Check your computer manual to find out which address your parallel
port has. It is also possible to purchase a special parallel port from
B&B Electronics that can be set at any address in the I/O port
address space from 0000H to 03FFH.
The above parallel port information is true for the vast majority of
the PC compatible ports. However, a few computer manufacturers
have chosen to make their parallel ports non-standard. On some
battery powered computers pins are disabled to save power. Some
ports may also have extra “direction control” bits. If you have
problems where one or more bits are always on or off you should
check your owner's manual. You may have to enable the port or set
the “direction bit” correctly to get the port to work with the PPIO. If a
pin is missing you may have to install a different parallel port card to
get the PPIO to work properly.

PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
7
PPIO DESCRIPTION & CONNECTION
The PPIO makes use of the eight output pins (pins 2 through 9)
at address 378H to drive its eight outputs. It uses the upper four bits
of address 379H (pins 13, 12, 10, and 11) for the upper four input
bits of the PPIO. It uses the lower four input bits of address 37AH
(pins 1, 14, 16, and 17) for the lower four input bits of the PPIO. This
assumes you are using the same port addresses as in Table 1. In
this way the PPIO can have eight inputs or eight outputs. Refer to
Figure 1 for the PPIO schematic.
Each pin of the PPIO is bi-directional. It can be used as either an
input or an output. Referring to Figure 1 you will see that PPIO bit 0
can be driven by pin 2 of the parallel port or it can be read by pin 1 of
the parallel port. The drivers are open collector Darlington
transistors that can sink up to 500 mA and are protected by “kick
back” diodes that are connected to the positive power supply. These
outputs can handle voltages as high as 50 Volts DC. If bit 0 of port
0378H is HIGH, pin 2 of the parallel port is HIGH and the PPIO
output pin will be LOW and can sink 500 ma. If bit 0 goes LOW, pin
2 will go LOW and the PPIO transistor will go OFF.
To use PPIO I/O bit 0 as an input you first set bit 0 of port 378H
LOW to turn OFF the driver transistor. From then on, if you force the
PPIO bit 0 to ground, a LOW will show up on pin 1 of the DB-25
connector. If you look at Table 1 you will note that pin 1 is inverting
in the computer parallel port. This means that a LOW on pin 1 will
show up as a HIGH in the computer. This is called negative true
logic. The PPIO receivers are set up as inverters or non-inverters to
compensate for the inverting and non-inverting inputs of the parallel
port.
All you have to remember is that if you force one of the PPIO I/O
bits to ground, it will be a ONE when you read it in the computer. If
you leave the PPIO I/O pin open or force it HIGH (above 2.5 volts), it
will be a ZERO when you read it in the computer.
PPIO I/O bits 0 through 3 are connected to bits 0 through 3 of
port 037AH and PPIO I/O bits 4 through 7 are connected to bits 4
through 7 of port 0379H. (This assumes that you are using a parallel
port at 0378H in your computer.) A LOW on any PPIO I/O pin will
show up as a HIGH on the corresponding bit in the computer.

8PPIO2899 Manual
B&B Electronics Mfg Co Inc –707 Dayton Rd -PO Box 1040 -Ottawa IL 61350 -Ph 815-433-5100 -Fax [phone]
Figure 1