Basler BE1-BPR User manual

Publication: 9 2720 00 990
Revision: E 12/98
INSTRUCTION MANUAL
for
BE1-BPR
BREAKER PROTECTION RELAY

Introduction i
W A R N I N G !
TO AVOID PERSONAL INJURY OR EQUIPMENT DAMAGE, ONLY
QUALIFIEDPERSONNEL SHOULD PERFORM THE PROCEDURES
PRESENTED IN THIS MANUAL.
INTRODUCTION
This manual provides information concerning the operation and installation of the BE1-BPR
Breaker Protection Relay. To accomplish this, the following is provided.
& Specifications
& Functional Description
& Installation Information
& Testing Procedures

ii Introduction
CONFIDENTIAL INFORMATION
OF BASLER ELECTRIC COMPANY, HIGHLAND, IL. IT IS LOANED FOR
CONFIDENTIALUSE,SUBJECTTORETURNONREQUEST,ANDWITHTHEMUTUAL
UNDERSTANDING THATIT WILL NOT BE USED IN ANY MANNER DETRIMENTAL TO
THE INTEREST OF BASLER ELECTRIC COMPANY.
First Printing: December 1994
Printed in USA
© 1995 - 1998 Basler Electric Co., Highland, IL 62249
December 1998
It is not the intention of this manual to cover all details and variations in equipment, nor does
this manual provide data for every possible contingency regarding installation or operation.
The availability and design of all features and options are subject to modification without
notice. Should further information be required, contact Basler Electric Company.
BASLER ELECTRIC
ROUTE 143, BOX 269
HIGHLAND, IL 62249 USA
http://www.basler.com, [email protected]
PHONE [phone] FAX [phone]

Introduction iii
CONTENTS
SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION .................................... 1-1
DESCRIPTION ............................................. 1-1
APPLICATION - STANDARD MODELS .......................... 1-1
Breaker Failure .......................................... 1-1
Breaker Reclosing ........................................ 1-2
Timing Diagnostics ....................................... 1-2
Normal Breaker Operation Required Timing Information ........ 1-2
Failed Breaker Operation Required Timing Information ......... 1-3
Breaker Arc Detector ..................................... 1-3
IRIG-B Standard Time Format .............................. 1-3
APPLICATION - ENHANCED MODELS .......................... 1-4
Breaker Contact Maintenance and Resistor Protection ............ 1-4
Fault Recording ......................................... 1-4
MODEL NUMBERS ......................................... 1-4
SPECIFICATIONS .......................................... 1-5
SECTION 2 • APPLICATION ............................................. 2-1
GENERAL ................................................. 2-1
APPLICATION DATA ........................................ 2-1
Contact Sensing Inputs .................................... 2-1
Fault Detectors .......................................... 2-1
Instantaneous (50) Fault Detector Type 1 ................... 2-2
Moving Average Filter Fault Detector Type 2 ................ 2-3
Three-Phase Fault Instantaneous (50) Fault Detector Type 3 .... 2-4
Application of Fault Detectors ............................ 2-4
General Purpose Timers ................................... 2-5
Delay Timer ......................................... 2-5
Control Timer ........................................ 2-5
Timer Diagnostics ..................................... 2-6
Reclosing Timers ........................................ 2-6
Output Contacts ......................................... 2-6
Trip Circuit Monitor Logic .................................. 2-7
Breaker Arc Detector ..................................... 2-8
Breaker Resistor Protection ................................ 2-9
Breaker Failure Protection With Pre-Insertion Resistors .......... 2-10
Breaker Contact Duty Log ................................. 2-10
Reclosing Functions ..................................... 2-10
PREPROGRAMMED LOGIC DESCRIPTION ..................... 2-11
Breaker Failure Logic 1 For Standard Relays (BFL1) ............ 2-12
Breaker Failure Logic 2 For Standard Relays (BFL2) ............ 2-13
Breaker Failure Logic 3 For Standard Relays (BFL3) ............ 2-15
Breaker Failure Logic 1 For Enhanced Relays (BFL1E) ........... 2-17
Breaker Failure Logic 2 For Enhanced Relays (BFL2E) ........... 2-19
Breaker Failure Logic 3 For Enhanced Relays (BFL3E) ........... 2-21
SECTION3•HUMAN-MACHINEINTERFACE ............................... 3-1
SECTION 4 • FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ................................. 4-1
GENERAL ................................................. 4-1
HARDWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ....................... 4-1
Inputs ................................................. 4-1
Operating Power ...................................... 4-1
Contact Sensing ...................................... 4-1
Current Sensing ...................................... 4-1

iv Introduction
CONTENTS - Continued
SECTION 4 •FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - Continued
Keyboard .................................................. 4-1
Serial Ports RS-232/RS-485 ............................. 4-2
Circuit Operation ......................................... 4-2
Power Supply ........................................ 4-2
Watchdog Timer ...................................... 4-3
Opto-Isolators ........................................ 4-3
Debounce Logic ...................................... 4-3
Anti-Aliasing Filter and A/D Converter ...................... 4-3
Programmable Fault Detector Logic ....................... 4-3
Programmable Timer Logic .............................. 4-3
Programmable Recloser Logic ............................ 4-3
Microprocessor Based Programmable Logic ................. 4-3
Outputs ................................................ 4-3
ALARM Relay ........................................ 4-4
Output Relays ....................................... 4-4
Targets ............................................. 4-4
LCD Display ......................................... 4-4
Serial Ports RS-232/RS-485 ............................. 4-4
SOFTWARE FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION ....................... 4-4
Introduction ............................................. 4-4
Startup And Menu Selection ............................. 4-5
Viewing Screens ...................................... 4-5
Default Screen ....................................... 4-5
Changing Parameters Using the Front Panel .................... 4-5
Accessing PROGRAM Mode ............................. 4-5
Selecting Menu Screen ................................. 4-8
Making the Change .................................... 4-8
Saving Changes and Exiting PROGRAM Mode ............... 4-8
Changing Parameters Using Communication Ports ............... 4-9
Password Protection ..................................... 4-11
Entering An Access Password At The Front Panel ........... 4-13
Entering An Access Password Through Communication Ports . . 4-13
Target Data ............................................ 4-13
TARGETS Screen .................................... 4-14
Relay Setup ............................................ 4-15
Transformer Ratios ................................... 4-16
Fault Detectors ...................................... 4-17
Timers ............................................. 4-19
Reclosing .......................................... 4-20
Output Hold Function. .................................... 4-23
Relay Status ........................................... 4-24
Breaker Status ......................................... 4-28
Breaker Status Menu Screens ........................... 4-28
Breaker Status Screen ................................ 4-28
Breaker Contact Duty Diagnostics (Enhanced Relays Only) .... 4-28
Breaker Operations Counter ............................ 4-31
Breaker Resistor Diagnostics ........................... 4-31
Timer Log ............................................. 4-33
Fault Log (Enhanced Relays Only) .......................... 4-35
Fault Log Listing ..................................... 4-36
Fault Summary ...................................... 4-37

Introduction v
CONTENTS - Continued
SECTION 4 •FUNCTIONAL DESCRIPTION - Continued
Oscillographic Data Acquisition .......................... 4-37
Downloading COMTRADE Files ......................... 4-39
Maintenance ........................................... 4-39
Time And Date ......................................... 4-40
Communications Settings ................................. 4-42
Programming A New Password ............................. 4-43
Calibrating the Analog Channels ........................... 4-44
LCD Contrast Adjustment ................................. 4-46
Default HMI Display Screen ............................... 4-46
Output Contact Testing ................................... 4-46
Firmware Version Display ................................. 4-47
SECTION 5 •BESTlogic PROGRAMMABLE LOGIC ........................... 5-1
GENERAL ................................................. 5-1
LOGIC VARIABLES ......................................... 5-2
LOGIC NAMES ............................................ 5-5
OUTPUT OPERATIONS ...................................... 5-5
Virtual Outputs .......................................... 5-5
Hardware Outputs ........................................ 5-6
Programming Output Operational Characteristics ................ 5-6
Output Programming Examples ............................. 5-7
INPUT CONTACT LOGIC ..................................... 5-7
Definition of Input Contact Operation .......................... 5-7
BESTlogic APPLICATION HINTS ............................... 5-8
BE1-BPR PREPROGRAMMED PROTECTION SCHEMES ........... 5-9
Breaker Failure Logic 1 For Standard Relays (BFL1) ............ 5-10
Breaker Failure Logic 2 For Standard Relays (BFL2) ............ 5-11
Breaker Failure Logic 3 For Standard Relays (BFL3) ............ 5-12
Breaker Failure Logic 1 For Enhanced Relays (BFL1E) ........... 5-13
Breaker Failure Logic 2 For Enhanced Relays (BFL2E) ........... 5-14
Breaker Failure Logic 3 For Enhanced Relays (BFL3E) ........... 5-15
PROGRAMMING CUSTOM PROTECTION SCHEMES ............. 5-16
Customizing Preprogrammed Schemes ...................... 5-16
Programming Custom Schemes ............................ 5-16
CUSTOM APPLICATION EXAMPLES .......................... 5-17
Breaker Failure Logic For Breakers With Pre-Insertion Resistors . . . 5-17
Breaker Failure Logic With Reclosing (BF+79) ................. 5-18
SECTION 6 •COMMUNICATIONS ......................................... 6-1
GENERAL ................................................. 6-1
Interface ............................................... 6-1
Applications ............................................ 6-1
BESTview for WindowsTM .................................. 6-1
COMMAND FORMAT ........................................ 6-2
Multi-Drop (Polled) Command Operation ....................... 6-2
CREATING SETTINGS FILES ................................. 6-3
COMMANDS .............................................. 6-5
SECTION 7 •INSTALLATION ............................................ 7-1
GENERAL ................................................. 7-1
OPERATING PRECAUTIONS ................................. 7-1
Dielectric Test ........................................... 7-1

vi Introduction
CONTENTS - Continued
SECTION 7 •INSTALLATION - Continued
MOUNTING ................................................ 7-1
General ................................................ 7-1
Installing Escutcheon Plates ................................ 7-6
SECTION 4 •INSTALLATION - Continued
Horizontal Mount ...................................... 7-6
Vertical Mount ........................................ 7-6
CONNECTIONS ............................................ 7-7
COMMUNICATION CONNECTORS AND SETTINGS ................ 7-8
Front/Rear RS-232 Connectors .............................. 7-8
RS-485 Connections ..................................... 7-11
Communication Settings .................................. 7-11
Setup ................................................ 7-11
IRIG-B Connections ..................................... 7-12
SECTION 8 •CALIBRATION AND TESTING ................................. 8-1
CALIBRATION ............................................. 8-1
Calibration Using A Communications Port ...................... 8-1
Calibration Using The Front Panel Display and Keyboard .......... 8-1
OPERATIONAL TEST PROCEDURE ............................ 8-2
Preliminary Setup Procedure ................................ 8-2
Select Operational Logic ................................... 8-2
Entering Settings ......................................... 8-3
Operational Testing ....................................... 8-4
SECTION 9 •MAINTENANCE ............................................ 9-1
GENERAL ................................................. 9-1
STORAGE ................................................. 9-1
SECTION 10 •MANUAL CHANGE INFORMATION ........................... 10-1
APPENDIX A •TERMINAL EMULATION ....................................A-1
APPENDIX B •COMMANDS SUMMARY ....................................B-1
APPENDIX C •RELAY SETTINGS RECORD .................................C-1
INDEX ................................................................ 1

BE1-BPR General Information 1-1
SECTION 1 • GENERAL INFORMATION
DESCRIPTION
BE1-BPR Breaker Protection Relays are three-phase and neutral, microprocessor based relays designed
to provide power systems with protection and security against monitored breaker failure or to initiate multiple
shot breaker reclosings.
Theserelaysincorporateapowerfulmeansof programminginternalrelaylogic to satisfy awiderangeofuser
requirements without makingany relay hardware changes. Microprocessor based design provides the basic
features of a programmable logic controller (PLC) combined with an instantaneous overcurrent module.
Cased in either a 19inchrack-mount or avertical panelmount , the relay offers installation versatility. A wide
temperature, 2 line by 16 character display provides diagnostic and setup information. Two RS-232 serial
ports (one each front and rear) and one RS-485 serial port (rear) provide remote communication and relay
control.
Built-in diagnostics andmonitoring features provideinformation for both thehealth of the relay and the health
of the breaker being monitored. Relay diagnostics include continuous background monitoring of the power
supplies, analog-to-digital (A/D) converter, random-access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), and
electrically-erasableprogrammableROM(EEPROM). Adedicatedalarm(ALM)relay output providespower
supply, microprocessor, and software alarm status. Breaker diagnostics include a timing diagnostic log,
breaker contact duty monitoring, breaker resistor protection, and breaker arc detection. Other monitoring
features include oscillographic fault records and fault summary logs. BE1-BPR relays use the Inter-Range
Instrumentation Group (IRIG), Format B for high timing accuracy and resolution.
APPLICATION - STANDARD MODELS
Breaker Failure
BE1-BPR relays are intended to provide a preprogrammed solution for most breaker failure relaying
applications. Breaker failure relaying is the use of a current monitoring relay to determine whether or not
current continues to flow into a faulted circuit after a breaker has been instructed to interrupt the circuit. If
current continues to flow into the faulted circuit after a defined period of time has elapsed (sufficient for the
breaker to have interrupted the current), the circuit breaker is considered to have failed. Steps must then
be taken to trip the next set of breakers in the power system to prevent system damage. Breaker failure
schemes must be designed to isolate both the faulted circuit and the failed breaker.
Several reasons why a breaker fails to clear a fault are:
& Trip circuit is open (broken wire, blown fuse, open trip coil).
& Interrupting mechanism stuck, leaving a single phase of a three-phase circuit connected.
& Interrupter flash-over due to the loss of dielectric strength through contamination or damage.
& Operating mechanism failed to operate.
Breaker failure relays detect these conditions and initiate backup procedures.
Breaker failure relays are applied on a per breaker basis. That is, one breaker failure relay for each breaker
in the substation. BE1-BPR relay outputs must be arranged to initiate the tripping of all the circuit breakers
necessary to isolate the fault if the protected circuit breaker fails to operate. The relay may also need to
initiate transfer tripping of remote breakers to accomplish this task. Transfer tripping of the remote line end
for a breaker failure should also block reclosing of the remote circuit breakers. External lockout relays are
typically used to trip and block reclosing of the backup breakers because they normally require a positive
operator action to reset them.
Typically, breaker failure protection is applied to transmission and subtransmission systems. However,
breaker failureprotectionmay be applied to any portion of the power system where failureof a circuitbreaker
to operate properly could result in severe system damage or instability. Breaker failure protection can also
be used to selectively clear a failed breaker inastation with multiple buses without clearing the entire station.

1-2 BE1-BPR General Information
Breaker Reclosing
BPRrelayscan beconfiguredasmultipleshotreclosingrelaysthatoperateinparallelandindependentlyfrom
the breaker failure function.
Three major factors should be considered when establishing a reclosing philosophy.
& Desired number or reclosure attempts.
& Time delay between breaker opening and reclosure.
& Supervisory control.
The first major factor is the desired number of reclosure attempts. Where most faults are attributable to
heavy tree exposure, as in distribution networks, multiple reclosure attempts are common. This is possible
because of low voltage levels and is desirable considering customer inconvenience during outages. BE1-
BPR relays are programmable for up to three reclosure attempts per sequence. This allows tailoring of the
reclosing sequence to the specific needs of the circuit.
The second major factor is the time delay between breaker opening and reclosure. On subtransmission and
distribution networks, it is necessary to ensure that motors are no longer running and that local generation
is off-line prior to attempting reclosure. At the same time, a rapid reclosure minimizes damage, ionization,
and system shock in transmission networks. After the first reclosure attempt, additional attempts are
generally delayed to allow for de-ionization of the interrupter. BE1-BPR relays have three reclosing shots
and each shot has a programmable time delay. Three outputs are available. They are CLOSE, RECLOSE
FAIL, and LOCKOUT.
A third major factor to be considered in reclosing is supervisory control. Supervisory control allows the
operator to maintain control of the system at all times. BE1-BPR relays have two supervisory inputs (WAIT
and LOCKOUT). WAIT stops the reclose sequence at any point and allows the sequence to continue when
the WAIT input is removed. LOCKOUT drives the reclose function immediately to lockout status and takes
precedence over all other inputs.
Timing Diagnostics
To perform the typical breaker failure operation previously described, the breaker failure relay must be
informed by a breaker failure initiate (BFI) contact that the breaker is being opened. One or more timers, in
conjunction with the overcurrent element, determines if the breaker failure output (BFO) picks up.
Typically one or more delay timers are used to delay the BFO until the primary protection scheme has had
enough time to operate. A control timer may be alsobeused to turn off the BFO after the backup protection
has had enough time to operate.
Calculation of the correct timer values is an important part of setting up the relay. You must know how long
it takes for the internal and external devices to operate. Typical timing sequences are listed in the following
paragraphs and shown in Figure 1-1. Parentheses in the listed timing information indicate related times in
Figure 1-1. Specific timing data for BE1-BPR relays is provided in the latter part of this section.
Normal Breaker Operation Required Timing Information
(1) Time for protective relays to operate — (this includes sending a trip signal to the breaker and
sending a BFI signal to the BE1-BPR).
(2) Time required for the breaker to open.
(3) Time required for the BE1-BPR overcurrent detector to drop out.
(4) Margin to allow for variations in normal sequence timing plus a safety factor.
(12) Control timer setting = the length of time to maintain the breaker failure operating window. Control
timer setting must coordinate with the high speed reclose delay (13).
(13) Time to allow for arc de-ionization.

BE1-BPR General Information 1-3
Figure 1-1. Breaker Failure Timing Diagram
Failed Breaker Operation Required Timing Information
(5) Time for the BFI overcurrent detector to pickup.
(6) Time required for the BFI contact to be recognized by the BE1-BPR.
(7) Time for the BF logic to operate.
(8) Time for the BFO relay to operate.
(9) Time for the external lockout relay to pickup.
(10) Time for the backup breakers to operate.
(11) Delay timer setting = the sum of (breaker operate time (2) + BF current detector dropout time (3)
+ margin (4) ) minus BFI contact pickup time (6).
Because timing is such an important part of breaker failure protection, the BE1-BPR relay provides timing
diagnostics to assist in determining if the timer settings are optimal and to allow other aspects of the
protection system to be checked. This timing diagnostic is a Timer Log or TLOG. An example of its use is
to create a log of the margin remaining between when a fault is cleared and when a breaker failure would
occur. After a normal breaker operation clears a fault, the time remaining from when the BE1-BPR
overcurrent fault detector drops out and the breaker failure delaytimer would have timed out is the MARGIN.
This time can be recorded by saving the time left on the delay timer when the fault detector drops out by
using the program timer log alarm (PTLOG) command. The time logged will correspond to the MARGIN
value in Figure 1-1. If there is a discrepancy between the calculated and actual margin value stored in the
TLOG, corrective action can be taken to correct the protection timing before a serious problem occurs. If
the MARGIN is too small or too large, the delay timer setting can be adjusted for optimal operation. The
PTLOG command also allows an alarm time to be programmed so that if the MARGIN drops below a pre-
determined value, the Alarm output (ALM) can be automatically closed to signal the operator that immediate
attention is required. Timing diagnostics can be programmed for each of the six timers available.
Breaker Arc Detector
An important breaker diagnostic feature is the detection of low level arcing across an open breaker
(flashover). Flashover might occur because lightning struck and a surge suppressor failed or air pressure
in an airblast circuit breaker is lost. If left undetected, severe damage to the breaker contacts could result.
BE1-BPR relays can detect this type of fault using an extra low level phase overcurrent pickup and a long
moving average filter. These features have been provided as standard features in the BE1-BPR relays.
Used with the programmable logic, a breaker arc detector can be programmed to provide a breaker close
output to close the breaker and extinguish the arc. Additional interlocks may be added to the logic to inhibit
the breaker close signal if the breaker is isolating a faulted line.
IRIG-B Standard Time Format
The IRIG-B function allows the BE1-BPR relay to synchronize the on-board real time clock with a standard
IRIG-B demodulated time signal. Synchronization is automatic and the BE1-BPR initiates synchronization
at regular intervals (approximately 20 seconds) in order to maintain the one millisecond overall accuracy.