Carestream DENTAL CS 2100 User manual

CS 2100
User Guide

Notice
Congratulations on your purchase of the CS 2100. Thank you for your confidence in our products and we will do all in our
power to ensure your complete satisfaction.
The User Guide for the CS 2100 includes information on the usage of the equipment. We recommend that you thoroughly
familiarize yourself with this Guide in order to make the most effective use of your system.
.
No part of this Guide may be reproduced without the express permission of Carestream Health, Inc.
U.S. Federal law restricts this equipment to sale by or on the order of a dentist or physician.
This document is originally written in English.
Manual Name: CS 2100 User Guide
Part Number: SM759
Revision Number: 02
Print Date: 2014-01
CS 2100 complies with Directive 93/42/EEC relating to medical equipment.
WARNING: We recommend that you consult the “Safety,
Regulatory and Technical Specification User Guide” before
using the CS 2100.
0086

CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 1
Contents
1—About This Guide
Conventions in this Guide. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .1–1
2—CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
General Overview . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2–1
CS 2100 Unit Configurations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2–4
Control Timer Unit . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .2–9
3—CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Positioning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–1
Positioning the Patient . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–1
Positioning the X-Ray Generator . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–1
Paralleling technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–1
Bisecting technique . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–2
Positioning the Imaging Receptor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–2
Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–2
Exposure Parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–2
Exposure Times . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–3
Exposure Times for Film . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–3
Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–3
Exposure Times for Digital Sensors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–4
Emitted Doses. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–5
Film Processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3–6
4—ACQUIRING AN IMAGE
Preparing for Image Acquisition. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4–1
Launching the X-Ray . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4–2
5—USER MODE
Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–1
Entering the User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–1
Modifying Parameters. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–1
Exiting the User Mode . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–2
Performing a Tube Seasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–2
Automatic Tube Seasoning. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–2
Manual Tube Seasoning . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5–3
6—TROUBLESHOOTING
Quick Troubleshooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6–1
Information Messages. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6–3
Error Messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6–4
7—MAINTENANCE
Quarterly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1

2
Contents
Generator. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1
Mechanical support. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1
Control timer unit and electrical installation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1
Operation. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1
Control timer unit self-test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–1
Annually . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–2
Cleaning and Disinfecting the CS 2100 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7–2
8—CONTACT INFORMATION
Manufacturer’s Address. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8–1
Authorized Representatives. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8–1

CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 1–1
Chapter 1
About This Guide
Conventions in this Guide
The following special messages emphasize information or indicate potential risk to personnel or
equipment:
WARNING
Warns you to avoid injury to yourself or others by following the
safety instructions precisely.
CAUTION
Alerts you to a condition that might cause serious damage.
IMPORTANT
Alerts you to a condition that might cause problems.
NOTE
Emphasizes important information.
TIP
Provides extra information and hints.
WARNING
Exposure to ionizing radiation

Conventions in this Guide
1–2 About This Guide

CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 2–1
Chapter 2
CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
The CS 2100 is compliant with the requirements of the EEC and international medical standards.
The CS 2100 unit has been designed to produce high-quality intraoral radiographies that:
Reveal maximum details with the minimum dose to the patient.
Show teeth and anatomic structures accurately with a minimum of distortion or
magnification.
Have optimal density and contrast to maximize their use for the detection of dental
diseases.
The CS 2100 uses a high-frequency technology that allows:
Reduced X-ray doses for patients because the CS 2100 unit emits fewer soft rays
absorbed by patients which are not used during image creation.
Shorter exposure times which reduce the risk of motion blur during exposure.
The CS 2100 is equipped with a thermal safety system that prevents the generator from
overheating in case of intensive use. This prohibits any exposure as long as the generator has not
cooled down. The I01 error message appears on the display and an audible beep is heard during
the unit cooling period. The beep stops when the cooling period is over.
To obtain high-quality intraoral radiography with maximum details, you must be very careful when
performing the three steps of the radiography process:
Positioning the patient, the X-ray generator, and the imaging system
Setting the exposure parameters according to the imaging receptor used (films,
phosphor plates or sensors)
Processing the film (if a conventional film is used)
General Overview
The CS 2100 unit is composed of the following functional components
A high-frequency X-ray generator which includes:
A transformer and associated electronics, and an oil-bathed X-ray tube
A beam-limiting device with the following characteristics:
- A radiation diameter of 6 cm (2.36 in.)
- A distance from the X-ray tube focal spot to skin of 20 cm (8 in.).
An angle scale and a handle to facilitate positioning.

General Overview
2–2 CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
A wall framework which contains the:
Main powerboard
ON/OFF switch which contains a built-in LED.
A control timer unit which:
Performs exposure time selection and displays parameters (exposure time and
emitted dose).
Performs a microprocessor self-test at every unit activation.
Displays alarms in case of incorrect operation.
Includes two exposure time modes. The digital mode corresponds to the range of
shortest exposure times that fit those needed for digital sensors.
An extension arm and a scissor arm which is equipped with springs that ensure arm
stability.
The following figure illustrates the extension arm and the scissor arm.
Figure 2–1 CS 2100 - Side View
Table 2–1 Extension arm types
A rectangular collimator. Its various sizes adapt to films, phosphor plates and RVG
sensors. It is recommended to use such a collimator if possible, in order to limit the
radiation absorbed by patients.
Extension RSpan A
Short 47.0 cm
(18.5 in.)
170.0 cm
(67 in.)
Standard 64.8 cm
(25.5 in.)
188.0 cm
(74 in.)
Long 82.5 cm
(32.5 in.)
205.0 cm
(80.69 in.)
A
R

General Overview
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 2–3
The CS 2100 unit is also composed of a remote exposure switch which is an optional accessory.
The following CS 2100 unit configurations are provided:
Standard wall-mounted unit
Ceiling-mounted unit.
The following mounting options are provided:
Floor column base
Mobile base
NOTE
These options must be used with a standard wall-mounted unit.

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
2–4 CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
CS 2100 Unit Configurations
Figure 2–2 Standard Wall-Mounted Unit
1 High frequency X-ray generator
2 Wall framework
3 Separate control timer unit
4 X-ray exposure button
5 Scissor arm
6 Rectangular collimator
7 ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8 Extension arm
5
7
2
3
1
64
8

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 2–5
Figure 2–3 CS 2100 Unit with Separate Exposure Switch
NOTE
This configuration is an optional configuration
1 High frequency X-ray generator
2 Wall framework
3 Control timer unit
4 X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5 Scissor arm
6 Rectangular collimator
7 ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8 Extension arm
5
7
2
4
1
6
3
8

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
2–6 CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Figure 2–4 Ceiling-Mounted Unit
1 High frequency X-ray generator
2 Ceiling mounted unit containing the main powerboard
3 Control timer unit
4 X-ray exposure switch
5 Scissor arm
6 Rectangular collimator
7 ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8 Extension arm
2
1
7
5
3
6
4
8

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 2–7
Figure 2–5 Unit Mounted on Floor Column
1 High frequency X-ray generator
2 Floor column containing the main powerboard
3 Control timer unit
4 X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5 Scissor arm
6 Rectangular collimator
7 ON/OFF switch with built-in LED
8Extensionarm
9 Raiser
8
2
3
1
5
4
7
69

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
2–8 CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW
Figure 2–6 Unit Mounted on Mobile Base
1 High frequency X-ray generator
2 Mobile stand containing the main powerboard
3 Control timer unit
4 X-ray exposure switch with X-ray exposure button
5 Scissor arm
6 Rectangular collimator
7ON/OFFswitchwithLED
8 Handle
9 Foot brake
8
9
62
4
1
5
3
7

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 2–9
Control Timer Unit
1 Warning: Ionizing radiation
2 Exposure time - emitted dose indicator
3 Display
4 X-ray exposure button
5 X-ray emission control light
6 Ready state
7 Exposure time selector:
- Lit: shortest exposure times for digital sensors
- OFF: longest exposure times for films and phosphor
plates
8 Warning
9 Selection knob:
- Press and hold the knob to activate the exposure time
selector.
- Rotate the knob to select the exposure time.
3
8
7
6
5
4
9
1
2

CS 2100 Unit Configurations
2–10 CS 2100 SYSTEM OVERVIEW

CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 3–1
Chapter 3
CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Positioning
Positioning the Patient
To position the patient, you must have:
The patient sit with the vertical sagittal plane.
The patient’s head positioned as follows:
For upper maxillary radiography, the Frankfort plane (nose-ear plane) must be
horizontal.
For lower maxillary radiography, the occlusal plane must be horizontal.
Positioning the X-Ray Generator
The scissor arm allows you to accurately position the generator for any type of exposure. The
beam-limiting device maintains a distance of at least 20 cm (8 in.) between the focal spot and the
skin, which allows you to use either the paralleling or the bisecting technique.
Paralleling technique
The positioning tool used in the paralleling technique allows you to align the beam and the imaging
receptor. An appropriate collimator reduces the dosage by limiting the surface exposure.
90°

Exposure
3–2 CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Bisecting technique
When using the bisecting technique, do not use a rectangular collimator. This limits the risk of
X-ray beam and image receptor misalignment.
Positioning the Imaging Receptor
Using the CS 2100, you may create an X-ray image on one of the following imaging receptors:
Conventional silver halide films, such as KODAK dental films.
Digital sensors such as RVG sensors.
Phosphor plate such as CS Imaging plates.
Placing the receptor correctly is critical. Check your own dental radiography manual for
information on how to place the imaging receptor correctly.
If you do not position the film or the sensor correctly, this results in errors on the radiography, such
as distorted teeth and roots, elongation, magnification, and/or overlapping contacts. The
paralleling technique generally reduces the risk of such errors. However, if you do not position the
system correctly, angulation errors can occur (angulation of the receptor to the tooth itself).
If the beam exit pattern is not aligned with the imaging receptor, then part of the radiography will
not be exposed to radiation and the final radiography will have some clear (unexposed) areas. This
defect is called “cone cuts".
The imaging receptor is marked to indicate the tube side. If the orientation is not correct, the
resulting radiography is lighter and may show artifacts, such as foil pattern or sensor cable.
Exposure
Exposure Parameters
Since each receptor (film, phosphor plate or digital sensor) has its own sensitivity to X-ray
radiation. the sensor choice impacts the exposure parameters. For instance, the sensitivity class
for conventional dental films is characterized with the letter D, E, or F where F is more sensitive
than E, and E more sensitive than D. Consequently, the required dose for the correct exposure
goes down as sensitivity increases.
Due to the different sensitivity of the digital sensors, you also need to adjust the exposure
parameters to the used sensor type (film or digital equipment).
The CS 2100 allows you to select the exposure times. The exposure times indicated in Tables 3-1
to 3-4 meet the manufacturer’s recommendations. Depending on the used sensor type, you can
change the mode by pressing and holding the selection knob for at least three seconds. To set the
exposure times, see the Preparing for Image Acquisition section.
90°

Exposure
CS 2100 User Guide (SM759)_Ed02 3–3
Exposure Times
Exposure Times for Film
The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline.
Table 3–1 Exposure Times for Film
Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates
The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline.
Table 3–2 Exposure Times for Phosphor Plates
60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.)
Maxillary Mandibular Bitewing Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior
ULTRA-
SPEED
(D)
Child 0.250 0.320 0.400 0.200 0.250 0.250 0.200 0.250 0.500
Adult 0.400 0.500 0.630 0.320 0.400 0.400 0.320 0.400 0.630
INSIGHT
(F)
Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.100 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.200
Adult 0.160 0.200 0.250 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
D-SPEED Child 0.250 0.320 0.400 0.200 0.250 0.250 0.200 0.250 0.500
Adult 0.400 0.500 0.630 0.320 0.400 0.400 0.320 0.400 0.630
E-SPEED Child 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.100 0.100 0.125 0.100 0.125 0.200
Adult 0.200 0.250 0.250 0.160 0.160 0.200 0.160 0.200 0.320
60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.)
Maxillary Mandibular Bitewing Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior
CR7400 Child 0.250 0.320 0.400 0.200 0.250 0.250 0.200 0.250 0.500
Adult 0.400 0.500 0.630 0.320 0.400 0.400 0.320 0.400 0.630
CS7600 Child 0.160 0.200 0.250 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.320
Adult 0.250 0.320 0.400 0.200 0.250 0.250 0.200 0.250 0.500

Exposure
3–4 CS 2100 RADIOLOGY PROCESS
Exposure Times for Digital Sensors
The indicated exposure times are given as a guideline.
Table 3–3 Exposure Times for Digital Sensors
60 kV - 7 mA - Cone 20 cm (8 in.)
Maxillary Mandibular Bitewing Occlusal
Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Premolar Molar Anterior Posterior
RVG 5100 Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.080 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.160
Adult 0.160 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.125 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
RVG 5200
(size 1& 2)
Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.080 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.160
Adult 0.160 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.125 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
RVG
Element
(size 1& 2)
Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.080 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.160
Adult 0.160 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.125 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
RVG 5000 Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.080 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.160
Adult 0.160 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.125 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
RVG
Access
Child 0.100 0.125 0.160 0.080 0.080 0.100 0.080 0.100 0.160
Adult 0.160 0.200 0.200 0.125 0.125 0.160 0.125 0.160 0.250
RVG 6500 Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.125 0.200
RVG 6100
(size 1& 2)
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.125 0.200
RVG 6200
(size 1& 2)
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.125 0.200
RVG
Exclusive
(size 1& 2)
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.125 0.200
RVG 6000 Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.125 0.200
TROPHY
RVG
Ultimate
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.080 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.200 0.100 0.100 0.125 0.100 0.125 0.200
TROPHY
RVG
Reference
High
Resolution
mode
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.063 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.100 0.125 0.100 0.125 0.200
TROPHY
RVGui High
Resolution
mode
Child 0.080 0.100 0.125 0.063 0.063 0.080 0.063 0.080 0.125
Adult 0.125 0.160 0.160 0.100 0.100 0.125 0.100 0.125 0.200