Ces Ed-lab 7000 User manual

\

I \

Ed-Lab700

EXPERIMEN

1

MANUAL

DIGITAL

I

2A

Ed-Lab

EXPERIMENT

MANUAL

DIGITAL

SYSTEMS

CES

INDUSTRIES,

INC.

This

manual

is

the

property

of:

Name

Class

School

EXPERIMENT MANUAL

DIGITAL

SYSTEMS

Copyright

@ 1971, 1972, 1973,

1975,

1979 CES

INDUSTRIES,

INC.

All

rights

reserved.

No

part

of

this

book

may

be

duplicated

or

reproduced

in

any

form

without

the

specific

written

permission

of

CES

Industries,

Inc.

The

use

of

this

manual

and

the

experiments

described

is

restricted

to

performance

with

CES

Ed-Lab

training

equipment

and

is

prohibited

from

being

used

with

any

other

training

aid

or

electronics

components

or

for

other

educational

purposes.

All

rights

are

reserved

for

use

on

television.

CES

makes

no

representation

that

the

circuits,

logic,

or

programs

described

herein

will

not

infringe

on

existing

or

future

patent

rights.

There

is

furthermore

no

implication

in

the

granting

of

licenses

to

make,

sell,

or

use

any

circuits,

logic,

or

programs

described

herein.

International

Standard

Book

Number

0-86711-001-5

Printed

in

the

United

States

of

America

ii

CES

INDUSTRIES,

INC.

130

Central

Avenue

Farmingdale

, New

York

11735

PREFACE

The

advances

in

the

electronic,

computer,

and

electromechanical

tech-

nologies

during

the

past

decade

have

made

possible

a

modern

computer

industrial

revolution

capable

of

transporting

men

to

the

moon

and

back.

The

use

of

computer

electronics

in

business

and

the

government

here

on

earth

has

resulted

in

increased

production

and

efficiency

in

many

industrial

processes,

and

in

many

areas

including

the

communications,

enter-

tainment,

medical,

education,

construction,

clothes,

and

food

industries.

The

result

has

also

been

to

create

many

new

jobs

in

the

design,

manufact-

uring

and

servicing

of

computers

and

automation

equipment.

Our

challange

is

both

to

improve

the

effectiveness

of

the

computer

technology

as

well

as

the

application

of

this

technology

as

a

tool

for

the

further

improvement

of

the

life

and

well

being

of

all.

The

aim

in

developing

the

Ed-

Lab

training

equipment

has

been

to

provide

a

unit

which

covers

the

broadest

range

of

computer

subjects

including

logic,

digital

systems,

conversion

between

analog

and

digital

signals,

data

process-

ing,

control

amplifier

applications,

and

computer

circuitry.

The

result

is

the

Ed-Lab

System

which

holds

the

interest

of

the

student

and

teacher

by

providing

an

almost

limitless

potential

for

learning

and

creating.

We

at

CES

use

this

equipment

in

the

actual

design

and

test

of new

digital

and

computer

equipment

and

find

the

learning

a

continuing

enjoyment.

A

second

aim

was

to

provide

a

rugged

and

professional

trainer

capable

of

continuous

and

reliable

use

in

the

classroom.

Instrument

leads

and

jacks

and

sturdy

panels

and

construction

are

used

and

there

are

no

loose

parts

to

get

damaged

or

lost.

Use

of

this

Experiment

Manual

does

not

require

any

by

either

the

student

or

the

instructor.

The

material

is

seperated

into

the

following

sub-sections:

BASIC DIGITAL CONCEPTS, LOGIC

TECHNIQUES, ARITHMETIC TECHNIQUES, SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS, BASIC

ANALOG CONCEPTS, CONVERSION TECHNIQUES,

and

COMPUTER CffiCUITS.

Experiments

are

self-contained

and

students

are

urged

to

tackle

any

experi-

ments

and

to

proceed

at

their

own

rate.

We know

that

you

will

devise

many

new

and

interesting

experiments

and

applications.

This

manual

has

been

written

to

convey

the

technical

material

that

we

have

found

to

be

both

most

useful

in

the

understanding

and

design

of

digital

and

computer

equipment

,

and

most

compatable

with

the

educational

curricula

and

goals.

The

experiments

are

written

in

a

practical

fashion

with

all

the

necess-

ary

descriptive

material

and

exercises

included.

Experiments

and

exercises

are

textbook

compatable.

The

Computer

Systems

Lab.

-

Ed

Lab

700 and

this

manual

will

provide

you

with

the

knowledge

and

experience

which

we

hope

will

be

invaluable

in

your

future

endeavors.

iii

Norman

Nesenoff

President

CES

INDUSTRIES, INC.

Educational

Division

,-

Ed-Lab 

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Ed-Lab

FIRST

AID

for

ELECTRICAL

SHOCK

If

you

observe

an

accident

involving

electrical

shock,

DON'T JUST STAND THERE -

DO

SOMETHING I

RESCUE OF SHOCK VICTIM

The

victim

of

electrical

shock

is

dependent

upon

you

to

give

him

prompt

first

aid.

Observe

these

precautions:

1.

Shut off

the

high voltage.

2.

If

the high voltage cannot

be

turned

off without

delay,

free

the

victim

from

the

live

conductor.

REMEMBER:

a,

Protect

yourself

with

dry

insulating

material.

b.

Use a

dry

board,

your

belt,

dry

clothing,

or

other

non-conducting

material

to

free

the

victim.

When

possible

PUSH -

DO

NOT

PULL

the

victim

free

of

the high voltage

source.

c.

DO

NOT touch the

victim

with

your

bare

hands

until

the

high

voltage

circuit

is

broken.

FIRST

AID

The two

most

likely

results

of

electrical

shock

are:

bodily

injury

from

falling, and

cessation

of

breathing.

While

doctors

and

pulmotors

are

being

sent

for,

DO

THESE

THINGS:

1.

Control

bleeding

by

use

of

pressure

or

a

tourniquet.

2. Begin IMMEDIATELY

to

use

artificial

respiration

if

the

victim

is

not

breathing

or

is

breathing

poorly:

a.

Turn

the

victim

on

his

back.

b.

Clean

the

mouth,

nose,

and

throat.

(If

they

appear

clean,

start

artificial

respiration

immediately.

If

foreign

matter

is

present,

wipe

it

away quickly

with a

cloth

or

your

fingers).

c.

Place

the

victim's

head

in

the

"sword-swallowing"

position.

(Place

the

head

as

far

back

as

possible

so

that

the

front

of

the

neck

is

stretched).

d. Hold

the

lower

jaw

up.

(Insert

your

thumb

between

the

victim's

teeth

at

the

midline

-pull

the

lower

jaw

force-

fully

outward

so

that

the

lower

teeth

are

further

forward

than

the

upper

teeth.

Hold the jaw

in

this

position

as

long

as

the

victim

is

unconscious).

e.

Close

the

victim's

nose.

(Compress

the

nose

between

your

thumb

and

forefinger).

f. Blow

air

into

the

victim's

lungs.

(Take a

deep

breath

and

cover

the

victim's

open mouth with

your

open

mouth,

making

the

contact

air-tight.

Blow

until

the

chest

rises.

If

the

chest

does

not

rise

when you blow,

improve

the

position

of

the

victim's

air

passageway,

and blow

more

forcefully.

Blow

forcefully

into

adults,

and

gently

into

children.

g.

Let

air

out of

the

victim's

lungs.

(After

the

chest

rises,

quickly

separate

lip

contact

with the

victim

allowing

him

to

exhale).

h.

Repeat

steps

f. and g.

at

the

rate

of 12

to

20

times

per

minute.

Continue

rhythmically

without

interruption

until

the

victim

starts

breathing

or

is

pronounced

dead.

(A

smooth

rhythm

is

desirable,

but

split-second

timing

is

not

essential).

DON'T

JUST

ST

AND

THERE

-

DO

SOMETHING!

CONTENTS

UNIT

NO. 1

BASIC DIGITAL

CONCEPTS

1.

Introduction

21.

Power

Inputs

Input

Switches

Display

Lamps

22.

Tables

Trainer

Summary

One

Zero

2.

Binary

Notations

23.

Coding

3.

Logical

NOT

Logic

Symbol

Logic

Problem

4.

Logical

AND

24.

Truth

Table

5.

Logical

OR

6.

Logic

Problem

25.

Logic

Diagram

7.

Combination

Logic

8.

Logic

Expressions

9.

Majority

Logic

System

26.

Minority

Logic

Voting

System

10.

Comparison

Logic

Inequality

Logic

27.

11.

Parallel

Output

Logic

28.

Collector

Logic

-

DTL

12.

Exclusive

-OR

Inclusive

-OR

29.

13.

Equality

Comparison

Logic

14.

Logic

Design

15.

Logic

MAP

16.

VENN

Diagram

17.

Logic

Memory

Logic

Feedback

18.

Sequential

Logic

Set -

Clear

Memory

19.

Logic

Diagrams

and

Equations

Logic

Equation

Operators

NAND

NOR

20.

Computer

System

V

LOGIC TECHNIQUES

NAND

Logic

Element

Universal

Logic

NAND:

AND -

OR

-NOT

NAND

Applications

Parallel

Outputs

Exclusive

-OR

Expander

NAND

Systems

AND -OR

Logic

System

NAND

Memory

Series

NAND

NOR

Logic

Element

Universal

Logic

NOR : AND -OR -NOT

NOR

Applications

Expander

Parallel

Outputs

NOR

Memory

NOR

Systems

Series

NOR

OR

-AND

AND-

OR

Combined

Logic

System

Boolean

Algebra

Logic

Rules

and

Laws

Tautology

Negative

Logic

and

Duality

DeMorgan's

Theorem

CONTENTS

UNIT

NO.

2

ARITHMETIC TECHNIQUES

30.

Binary

Numerals

Binary Coding

Octal Coding

31.

Code

Conversions

Binary

to

Numerical

Converter

Binary

to

Decimal

Conversion

32.

Parity

Codes

ODD

Parity

Decoder

EVEN

Parity

Encoder

33.

Digital

Codes

Binary

Coded

Decimal

Excess

Three

Weighted

Codes

Five

Bit

Codes

BCD

to

2421

Converter

34.

Gray

Code

Gray

to

Binary

to

Gray

35.

Binary

Addition

Half

Adder

NAND Half Adder

NOR

Half

Adder

Subtraction

36.

Serial

Full

Adder

37.

Parallel

Adder

38.

Negative

Numbers

One's

Complement

Two's

Complement

Subtraction

Fractions

Powers

of

Two

39.

Binary

Multiplication

40.

Other

Number

Systems

Radix

Ternary

Memory

vi

SEQUENTIAL SYSTEMS

41.

Flip

-

Flops

Set

-

Clear

R - S

Symbol

Type D

J - K -

Trigger

Sequential

Operation

42.

storage

Register

Data

Transfer

43.

Clock

and

Triggers

Triggered

Flip

-

Flop

Clock

Rate

44.

Binary

Counters

UP

Counter

DOWN

Counter

45.

Counter

Decoders

46.

Counter

Presets

47.

Manual

Counting

48.

Interval

Counter

Time

Duration

49.

Rate

on

Frequency

Counter

50.

steered

Inputs/Shift

Register

51.

Register

Counters

Johnson

Counter

Ring

Counter

Four

Phase

Clock

Two

Phase

Clock

52. BCD

Counter

Duodecimal

Counter

53. Modulo

Counters

Modulo

5/3/6

54.

Decode

Strobing

Timing

55.

Adder

With

Memory

Gray

to

Binary

Converter

Binary

to

Gray

Converter

56. Counting

Systems

UP

-

DOWN

Counter

Synchronous

Counter

57.

Arithmetic

Unit

Serial

Accumulator

Data

Entry

Addition

Subtraction

CONTENTS

UNIT NO. 3

BASIC ANALOG

CONCEPTS

58.

Analog

Data

Meter

Voltages

Scale

Factor

Resolution

Decibels

Data

Graphs

Binary

Levels

Tolerances

Potentiometers

59.

Analog

Comparator

Operational

Amplifier

60.

Threshold

Logic

61.

Schmitt

Trigger

Level

Detection

Hysteresis

Variable

Threshold

62.

Analog

Amplification

Gain

Linearity

Transfer

Function

Operating

Range

63.

Operational

Amplifiers

Feedback

Scaled

Inverter

Follower

Attenuation

Positive

gain

Negative

gain

Integration

Linear

Rectifier

Multiplication

Division

64.

Difference

Amplifier

Gain

Common

Mode

Common

Mode

Rejection

Ratio

65.

One Shot

66.

Solid-State-LSI

Logic

NOT, NAD, NOR,

AND; OR,

FLIP-FLOP

67.

Capacitor-Diode

Gate

vii

CONVERSION TECHNIQUES

68.

Digital

to

Analog

Conversion

Scale

Factor

Offset

Non-Linearity

Resolution

69.

Analog

to

Digital

Conversion

Counting

Half-Split

Feedback

70.

Digital

Voltage

Sweep

Period

Frequency

71.

Analog

Gates

&

Multiplexer

Sequencing

Sampling

rate

72.

Follower

and

Hold

Gain

Resistance

Loading

Drift

Rate

73.

Digital

Voltmeter

Scale

Factor

Calibration

74.

Data

Acquisition

System

Multiplexer

A/D

Conversion

Sequence

Counter

Control

Timing

CONTENTS

COMPUTER CffiCUITS

75.

Integrated

Circuit

Logic

Diode

Logic

DTL

Diode

Transistor

Logic

TTL

Transistor

-

Transistor

Logic

RTL

Resistor

-

Transistor

Logic

ECL

Emitter

Coupled

Logic

RTL

High

Threshold

Logic

Dual

In-Line

Integrated

Circuits

76.

Solid

-

state

Electronics

Meter

Ohm's

Law

Kirchhoff's

Voltage

Law

Kirchhoff's

Current

Law

Potentiometric

Voltmeter

Series

Resistors

Parallel

Resistors

Voltage

Divider

Flip-Flop

Monostable

Multivibrator

Exclusive

-NOR

Voltage

Clamp

Diode

Characteristics

viii

Ed-Lab

EXPERIMENT

MANUAL

BASIC DIGITAL CONCEPTS

and

LOGIC TECHNIQUES

UNIT

NO.

CES

INDUSTRIES, INC.

Ed-Lab

UNIT NO. 1

EXPERIMENT MANUAL

Copyright

@

1974,

1976, 1978,

1980,

1981 CES

INDUSTRIES,

INC.

Name

-------------

Course

-------------

INTRODUCTION EXPERIMENT NO. 1

OBJECTIVE:

This

experiment

introduces

the

operation

of

the

Ed-Lab

700

Digital

Trainer

and

the

use

of

this

Experiment

Manual

and

the

operation

of

the

Switches,

Lamps,

and

Patch

Cords.

DESCRIPTION:

The

Ed-Lab

trainer

includes

the

"training

panel"

and

"connection

patch-cords".

Any

incorrect

wiring

will

not

damage

any

parts,

so

do not

hesitate

to

use

the

equipment

and

make

connections.

PROCEDURE:

Connect

the

"line-cord"

to

the

electrical

socket

to

provide

elec-

trical

power

to

the

Ed-Lab

Trainer.

The

small

Pilot

Light

should

be

ON.

(Earlier

models

do

not

have

an

on-off

Switch

or

a

Pilot

Light.)

This

first

experiment

consists

of

connecting

a SWITCH

to

a

LAMP

using

a PATCH CORD

or

WIRE. A

sketch

of

the

wiring

is

shown below

in

Figure

1.

Line

Cord

Lamp

Figure

1.

SW

ITCH -LAMP WIRING

On

the

lower

right

hand

side

of

the

panel

are

5

switches

and 5

lamps.

A

wire

is

shown

above

connected

between

the

Switch

marked

"A"

and

the

Lamp

marked

"2".

A

simpler

sketch

or

SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

is

shown on

the

following

page

in

Figure

2.

Introduction

Experiment

No. 1

(page

2)

A

SWITCH A DISPLAY LAMP

Experiment

Figure

2. Switch -

Lamp

Schematic

Diagram

in

Figure

2.

Connect

the

Wire

as

shown

in

the

above

diagram.

When

the

input

SWITCH

is

UP,

there

will

be

a

positive

voltage

on

the

wire

and

the

output

LAMP

will

be

ON.

When

the

SWITCH

is

DOWN,

there

is

zero

voltage

on

the

wire

and

the

LAMP

is

OFF.

Operate

the

Switch

UP

and

DOWN.

Does

the

circuit

operate

in

accordance

with

the

description?

___

_

We

use

the

Switch

as

an

INPUT,

and

the

equipment

operates

the

Lamp

as

an

OUTPUT.

When

conducting

any

experiment,

it

is

necessary

to

enter

the

results

of

the

test

in a

chart

or

Table

as

shown

below.

Input

Output

SWITCH A

LAMP

2

(UP OR DOWN) (ON OR

OFF)

UP

DOWN

UP

DOWN

Operate

the

Switch

and

enter

the

output

results

in

the

table

(ON

or

OFF).

Introduction

Experiment

No. 1 (page 3)

Repeat

this

Experiment

using

the

table

below. A

"short-hand"

notation

is

used.

The

column

marked

"A"

refers

to

Switch A.

The

column

marked

L2

refers

to

LAMP 2.

The

symbol

"1"

(i.e.

ONE)

refers

to

UP

for

the

Switch

and

to

ON

for

the

Lamp.

The

symbol

"0"

(i.e.

ZERO)

refers

to

DOWN

for

the

Switch

and

OFF

for

the

Lamp.

Enter

the

data

below:

SHORT HAND

TABLE

A L2

1

0

1

0

This

first

experiment

has

been

presented

as

the

simplest

ex-

.

periment

possible,

that

is,

using

one

switch,

one

wire

and

one

lamp.

The

connections

were

shown in a

picture

form

(Figure

1)

and

in

a

schematic

diagram

(Figure

2).

The

rest

of

the

experiments

will

only

be

shown

with

the

schematic

diagrams.

Digital

systems

require

many

wires,

however,

it

is

no

more

difficult

than

adding

one

wire

at

a

time.

Each

experiment

requires

reading

a

Description

and

Procedure,

Wiring

the

Experiment,

Operating

the

Inputs,

Reading

the

Outputs

and

Entering

the

results

in

a

Table.

Questions

are

then

presented.

The

students

are

to

answer

the

questions

and

submit

a

report

with

the

Table

of

experiment

results,

and

the

Answers

to

the

questions.

The

Question

given

on

the

following

page

requires

a

100%

increase

in

complexity;

i.e.,

it

uses

2

wires.

Introduction

Experiment

No. l {page 4)

QUESTIONS:

1. A

diagram

is

given

below

for

two

input

switches

and

two

output

lamps.

SWITCH

A••-------------0

Ll

SWITCH

c--•------------0

IA

Figure

2

TWO

SWITCH

SCHEMATIC

Fill

in

the

Table

below

with

expected

outputs

for

all

possible

com-

binations

of

inputs.

INPUT

OUTPUT

A C

Ll

L4

0 0

0 1

1 0

1 1

Introduction

Experiment

No. 1 (page

5)

Electrical

Data

For

Review: IT IS NOT NECESSARY TO READ THIS PAGE.

The

following

describes

the

switch

and

lamp

electrical

circuit.

Five

switches

marked

A,

B,

C, D

and

E

are

located

on

the

lower

center

of

the

panel.

Above

each

switch

are

two

black

jacks

connected

by

a

white

line.

These

are

the

switch

outputs.

When

the

switch

is

in

the

up

position,

5

volts

D.

C.

is

connected

to

the

output

pins.

When

the

switch

is

down, a

ground(zero

volts)is

connected

to

the

output

pins.

The

switch

is

internally

wired

to

perform

these

connections

as

shown below.

Patch

Cord

+5

volts

A

+

0

volts

i

ground

2

SWITCH LAMP

In

digital

logic,

only two

signals

are

important,

5

volts

and

ground,

so

these

signals

are

permanently

wired

to

the

switches

and

only

the

output

is

available.

The

lamps

marked

1,

2,

3,

4

and

5

are

located

on

the

lower

right

side

of

the

panel.

Each

lamp

is

controlled

by

the

jack

above

it.

When a

voltage

is

applied

to

the

lamp

jack,

the

lamp

will

light

and

be

ON.

The

lamp

will

be

out

when

the

input

jack

is

at

ground.

(The

lamps

have

driver

transistor

circuits

built

in

so

that

they

do not

need

much input

power

to

be

lighted.

)

CES Ed-Lab 7000 User manual

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