Cisco SSP Series Operating and maintenance instructions

1
Doc. No.
Copyright © 1995
Cisco Systems, Inc.
All rights reserved.
Silicon Switch Processor (SSP)
Installation and Configuration
78-1209-05
Product Numbers: SSP=, UPG-SSP, SSP-2MB=, UPG-SSP-2MB,
and UPG-SSP-.5to2MB
This publication contains instructions for installing the Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) and
upgrading the software in Cisco 7000 series routers: the Cisco 7000 and the Cisco 7010.
The sections of this publication include the following:
•SSP Description, page 2
•Prerequisites, page 6
•Software Upgrade Prerequisites, page 8
•Software Upgrade Overview, page 9
•Establishing a Telnet Session, page 9
•Loading the System Software, page 10
•Enabling SSE Switching, page 13
•Additional Show Commands, page 14
•Installing the SSP, page 15
Following are the SSP-related product numbers:
•SSP= is a spare SSP.
•UPG-SSP is the SP-to-SSP upgrade.
•SSP-2MB= is a spare 2-megabyte (MB) SSP.
•UPG-SSP-2MB is the SP to 2-MB SSP upgrade.
•UPG-SSP-.5to2MB is the 512 kilobyte (KB) to 2-MB SSP upgrade.

2Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
SSP Description
SSP Description
The SSP is the high-performance silicon switch for Cisco 7000 series routers. There are two
hardware versions of the SSP: one with 512 KB of packet memory and another with 2 MB of packet
memory, for installations requiring increased memory capacity.
Note The SSP with 2 MB of packet memory did not support the Asynchronous Transfer Mode
interface processor (AIP) in Cisco Internetwork Operating System (Cisco IOS) software releases
prior to 10.0(11), 10.2(8), 10.3(5), and 11.0(1). The SSP with 2 MB of packet memory supports the
AIP in Cisco IOS software releases 10.0(11), 10.2(8), 10.3(5), and 11.0(1), as well as all subsequent
releases of the Cisco IOS software.
For specific software requirements for each SSP configuration, refer to the section “Software
Upgrade Prerequisites” on page 8.
The SSP and the Route Processor (RP), which contains the system processor, provide distributed
processing and control for the interface processors. Network interfaces reside on the modular
interface processors that provide a direct connection between the high-speed, 533-Mbps
Cisco Extended Bus (CxBus) and the external networks. The SSP, shown in Figure 1, communicates
with and controls the interface processors on the high-speed CxBus. The SSP determines the
destination of a packet and switches the packet, based on that decision. The SSP is always installed
in the backplane SP slot adjacent to the RP. (See Figure 2 and Figure 3.) A few seconds after bootup,
the LED labeled Enabled goes on to indicate that the SSP is enabled for operation. One SSP (or SP)
is required in each Cisco 7000 series router.
Figure 1 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP)
Cisco 7000 Series Overview
The Cisco 7000 Series comprises the five-slot Cisco 7010 and the seven-slot Cisco 7000. Both
models use the same Route Processor (RP), Silicon Switch Processor (SSP), and interface
processors. The Cisco 7000 provides five interface slots and offers a second modular power supply
for redundant power. The Cisco 7010 provides three interface slots, and offers the same performance
as the Cisco 7000.
Figure 2 shows the interface processor end of the Cisco 7000 model, which provides access to the
seven processor slots and the removable power supplies. When facing the interface processor end of
the chassis, the RP and SP slot are on the far right. The five interface processor slots are numbered
0 to 4 from left to right. In both models, interface processor slots support any combination of
network interface types: Ethernet, Token Ring, fiber distributed data interface (FDDI), serial, and
high-speed serial interface (HSSI). The RP, SP, and interface processors are keyed with guides on
the backplane to prevent them from being fully inserted in the wrong slot. The SSP (or SP), RP, and
H2338
Enabled
U231
Enabled LED

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 3
Cisco 7000 Series Overview
interface processors slide into slots in the rear of the chassis and connect directly to the backplane.
The backplane slots are keyed so that the SSP or SP, RP, and interface processors are installable only
in the slots designated for them. The SSP inserts into the slot formerly reserved for the SP.
Figure 2 Cisco 7000—Interface Processor End
Figure 3 shows the interface processor end of the Cisco 7010 model, which provides access to the
five processor slots, the AC input receptacle, the power switch, and a power status indicator. When
facing the interface processor end of the chassis, the RP and SP slots are at the top. The three
interface processor slots are numbered from the bottom up beginning with slot 0 (the bottom slot)
through slot 2 (the center slot).
H2358
Slot 0 123 4 SP
or
SSP
slot
RP
slot
Upper
power supply
Lower
power supply
I
O
DC FAIL
AC POWER
I
O
DC FAIL
AC POWER
Captive
installation screw
Captive
installation screw

4Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Cisco 7000 Series Overview
Figure 3 Cisco 7010—Interface Processor End
Figure 4 shows the ejector levers and captive installation screws on a typical interface processor. To
remove an interface processor, loosen the captive screws and pull theejector levers to the sides; then
pull the module out using the handle. To insert an interface processor, reverse the process, making
sure to firmly seat the interface processor in its connectors on the backplane. For detailed directions,
follow the procedures in “Removing the SP or SSP” and “Replacing an SSP in the Chassis.”
Caution Always use the ejector levers to remove or install the SSP. The ejectors help ensure that
backplane connectors on the card are fully seated in, or fully ejected from, the backplane. Failure to
use the ejector levers could result in a partial backplane connection, which can hang the system.
The captive installation screws on the ends (see Figure 4) of each faceplate, when tightened, provide
electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding and also help ensure proper seating in the backplane.
After using the ejector levers to install an SSP, tighten the captive installation screws to prevent the
SSP from becoming partially dislodged from the backplane. These screws must be tightened to meet
EMI specifications.
H2359
RP slot
SP or SSP slot
Interface processor slot 1
DC OK LED
Power switch
Chassis ground
screw
Power receptacle
Interface processor slot 2
Interface processor slot 0
AC-input power supply

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 5
Cisco 7000 Series Overview
Figure 4 Ejector Levers and Captive Installation Screws—Horizontal Orientation Shown
Interface processor
card slot
Interface processor card
carrier guide (black)
Ejector
lever
Captive
installation
screw
H1984
ab
c

6Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Prerequisites
Prerequisites Before you begin the installation of the SSP, review the tools and parts required, and the safety and
ESD-prevention guidelines in this section.
Tools and Parts Required
You need some or all of the following tools and parts to perform the following procedures. Before
you begin, read the entire procedure to determine which tools you need for the installation or
upgrade you will perform.
•A number 1 Phillips or 1/4-inch flat-blade screwdriver for the captive installation screws that
secure the SSP in its slot. (Because of ongoing product improvements, some power supplies use
slotted screws, and others use Phillips head screws.)
•ESD-prevention equipment or the disposable grounding wrist strap included with all upgrade
kits.
•Antistatic mat, foam pad, or bag for the removed SSP, or Switch Processor (SP) if you are making
an upgrade to an SSP. (Immediately place the removed SSP or SP into an antistatic bag if
returning the SSP to the factory.)
Safety Follow these basic guidelines when working with any electrical equipment:
•Before beginning any procedures requiring access to the chassis interior, locate the emergency
power-off switch for the room in which you are working.
•Disconnect all power and external cables before moving a chassis.
•Do not work alone if potentially hazardous conditions exist.
•Never assume that power is disconnected from a circuit; always check.
•Do not perform any action that creates a potential hazard to people or makes the equipment
unsafe.
•Carefully examine your work area for possible hazards such as moist floors, ungrounded power
extension cables, and missing safety grounds.
In addition, use the guidelines that follow when working with any equipment that is connected to
telephone wiring or other network cabling.
•Never install telephone wiring during a lightning storm.
•Never install telephone jacks in wet locations unless the jack is specifically designed for
wet locations.
•Never touch uninsulated telephone wires or terminals unless the telephone line is been
disconnected at the network interface.
•Use caution when installing or modifying telephone lines.

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 7
Prerequisites
Preventing Electrostatic Discharge (ESD) Damage
Electrostatic discharge (ESD) damage, which can occur when electronic cards or components are
improperly handled, results in complete or intermittent failures. The SSP comprises a printed circuit
board that is fixed in a metal carrier. Electromagnetic interference (EMI) shielding, connectors, and
a handle are integral components of the carrier. Although the metal carrier helps to protect the board
from ESD, use a preventive antistatic strap whenever handling the SSP. Handle the carriers by the
handles and the carrier edges only; never touch the boards or connector pins.
Caution Always tighten the captive installation screws on the SSP. (See Figure 4.) These screws
prevent accidental removal, provide proper grounding for the system, and help to ensure that the
bus connectors are properly seated in the backplane.
Following are guidelines for preventing ESD damage:
•Always use an ESD wrist strap or ankle strap and ensure that the wrist strap makes good skin
contact.
•Connect the equipment end of the strap to a captive installation screw on an installed power
supply.
•When installing an SSP, use the ejector levers to properly seat the bus connectors in the
backplane, then tighten both (top and bottom) captive installation screws. (See Figure 4.) These
screws prevent accidental removal, provide proper grounding for the system, and help to ensure
that the bus connectors are seated in the backplane.
•When removing an SSP, use the ejectors to release the bus connectors from the backplane. Hold
the handle on the front of the SSP with one hand and support the bottom edge of the metal carrier
with the other hand. Pull the SSP out slowly, using your hand along the bottom of the carrier to
guide the SSP straight out of the slot.
•Handle carriers by the handles and carrier edges only; avoid touching the board or any connector
pins.
•Place a removed SSP component-side-up on an antistatic surface or in a static shielding bag. If
the SSP is to be returned to the factory, immediately place the SSP in a static shielding bag.
•Avoid contact between the SSP and clothing. The wrist strap only protects the card from ESD
voltages on the body; ESD voltages on clothing can still cause damage.
Warning For safety, periodically check the resistance value of the antistatic wrist strap. The
measurement should be within the range of 1 and 10 megohms.

8Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Software Upgrade Prerequisites
Software Upgrade Prerequisites
Following are minimum system requirements for the SSP hardware types:
•The SSP with 512 KB of packet memory requires Cisco Internetwork Operating System
(Cisco IOS) Release 10.0, or later.
•The SSP with 2 MB of packet memory requires Cisco IOS Release 10.0(11) or later. Cisco IOS
Releases 10.2(7) or later, 10.3(4) or later, and 11.0(1) or later, will provide the best use of the
2-MB SSP. (Detailed procedures for upgrading your Cisco 7000 series router software are
provided separately with the software upgrade.)
To successfully upgrade the system software and microcode, you must have the following:
•Internet Protocol (IP) connections to the devices you plan to upgrade on the network.
•Write to Flash memory enabled. Your router was shipped with write to Flash memory enabled.
Flash must be enabled on the router to make a write to Flash operation possible. If you removed
the jumper from J2, the system makes a write operation impossible. For write enable, set the
jumper on the RP hardware configuration register on J2. (See Figure 5.)
Figure 5 RP Flash Write-Protection Jumper
•You must have a terminal connection that enables you to issue commands to each router that you
upgrade. If you do not have a direct terminal connection, you must set up a Telnet session on a
device attached to the router you upgrade.
—If you are using TCP/IP software that permits concurrent Telnet and TFTP server
connections, your terminal connection and TFTP session can be from the same PC.
—If you are using TCP/IP software that permits only the TFTP server to run, you need two
machines. Set up one for your terminal connection and the other for your TFTP server.
•ATFTPfileservermustbeactiveandaccessibletotherouter. You must copythesystemsoftware
into the TFTP server directory (or wherever the TFTP server expects to find the system software
file) to download the software to the router.
Configuration
register
J2, Flash
write-protection jumper
J4
J3
H1986
Bit 0

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 9
Software Upgrade Overview
Software Upgrade Overview
This section describes the general steps required to upgrade your system software on a
Cisco 7000 series router. The sections that follow describe these steps in detail.
Step 1 Install the appropriate system software onto your TFTP server in the TFTP directory.
Step 2 Verify that the router you are upgrading can connect to the TFTP server. Ping from the
router to the TFTP server.
Step 3 If the TFTP server is not already active, start the TFTP server.
Step 4 If you do not have a console port connection to the router you are upgrading, establish a
Telnet session with the router.
Step 5 Back up the existing working system software and microcode images currently in Flash
memory by copying the files to the TFTP server.
Step 6 Back up your current configuration file to your TFTP server.
Step 7 Copy the system software image from the TFTP server into Flash memory using the
copy tftp flash command.
Step 8 Ensure that the checksum listed on the bottom line of the output for the copy tftp flash
command matches the checksum listed in the README file on the upgrade disk, as in the
following:
(text deleted)
Verifying via checksum...
Flash verification successful. Length = 1906676, checksum = 0x12AD
If the checksum in the screen output does not match the checksum in the README file,
invoke the copy tftp flash command again before booting from Flash memory.
Step 9 Make sure your system is configured to boot from the new image in Flash memory.
Step 10 Boot the router from Flash. This process reads the image from Flash memory and writes
the image into system RAM.
Step 11 Check all network connections to make sure the router with the upgraded system software
is up and functioning properly.
Establishing a Telnet Session
You must be able to issue commands to the router on which you are upgrading the software. For
example, this publication tells you to issue a command to download the image from the TFTP server
to the router.
If you have a console port connection to the router, you need not invoke a Telnet session. If you do
not have a console port connection to the router, you must establish a Telnet session with the router
so that you can issue the router commands.
You can set up a Telnet session from a Sun workstation or from a PC.
•If you are using a Sun workstation as a TFTP server, you can also establish a Telnet session from
the workstation to the router, in addition to the TFTP session.
•If you are running TCP/IP software on a PC, check to see if the software is character-based or
Windows-based.
—If character-based, you need a second PC from which you can establish a Telnet session.
—If Windows-based, you can open one window for the TFTP session and one window for the
Telnet session.

10 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Loading the System Software
Loading the System Software
This section presents the following topics:
•Backing up your current system software image (including learning the existing system software
image name and copying the image from Flash memory to the TFTP server)
•Copying the image from a TFTP server to Flash memory
•Verifying the new image in Flash memory
Note The SSP with 2 MB of packet memory requires Cisco IOS Release 10.0(11) or later.
Cisco IOS Releases 10.2(7) or later, 10.3(4) or later, and 11.0(1) or later, will provide the best use
of the 2-MB SSP.
Backing Up Your Current System Software and Configuration File
If you do not already have the current system software image and backup configuration file on your
TFTP server, make sure you back up these files before copying the new system software image to
Flash memory on your router.
Learning the System Image Name
To display the total amount of Flash memory present, its location, any files that currently exist in
Flash memory and their size, and the amount of Flash memory remaining, use the show flash
command. The following (typical) output displays:
Router> show flash
4096K bytes of flash memory sized on embedded flash.
File name/status
0 gs7-k.103-1
1 micro/ssp10-5
[246400/4194304 bytes free/total]
Use the file name near the bottom of the show flash command screen output (in this
case gs7-k.10-1) when you back up the image.
Backing up the Current System Image
Copy the image from Flash memory to a TFTP server using the copy flash tftp command:
Router# copy flash tftp
The router prompts you for the IP address of the TFTP server and the name of the image file you are
copying to the server.
A sample of the output for this command using IP address 1.1.1.11 and filename gs7-k.103-1
follows:
IP address of remote host [255.255.255.255]? 1.1.1.11
Name of file to copy []? gs7-k.103-1
writing gs7-k.103-1 !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!
Router#
Use the image you backed up to the TFTP server if the upgrade image is damaged.

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 11
Loading the System Software
Backing Up the Configuration File
To make a backup copy of your configuration file, enter the write network command. You will be
prompted for the remote host IP address and the name of the configuration file, as follows:
Router# write net
Remote host []? 1.1.1.11
Name of configuration file to write [router-confg]? cisco1-config
Write file cisco1-config on host 1.1.1.11? [confirm]
###
Writing cisco1-config !! [OK]
Use the backup configuration file if the image on the router is inadvertently overwritten.
Copying a System Image from a TFTP Server to Flash Memory
You can download a new system image to Flash memory by copying the image using TFTP. When
the new version of the system image is available in Flash memory, you can boot the router either
automatically or manually from Flash memory.
Note Before you copy a file to Flash memory, be sure there is ample space available in Flash
memory. Compare the size of the file you are copying to the amount of available Flash memory
shown.Ifthespaceavailableis less than the spacerequiredbythefileyouwillcopy, the copyprocess
will continue, but the entire file will not be copied into Flash memory.
Follow these steps to copy a new system image version from the TFTP server to Flash memory.
Step 1 Determine the name of the system image file that you want to load into Flash memory. In
the following example, the filename is gs7-k.100-1.
Step 2 To copy an image into the current Flash configuration, enter the copy tftp flash command
as follows and provide information as required:
Router# copy tftp flash
File name/status
0 gs7-k.100-1
[1103564/4194304 bytes free/total]
Step 3 Enter the IP address of the TFTP server:
Address or name of remote host [1.1.1.11]? 1.1.1.11
Step 4 Enter the name of the file you want to copy to Flash memory:
Source file name? [gs7-k.100-1] gs7-k.103-4
Step 5 Enter the name under which you want the file to appear at the destination:
Destination file name? [gs7-k.103-1] <Return>
Accessing file 'gs7-k.103-4' on 1.1.1.11... found !
903500 bytes available for writing without erasure.

12 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Loading the System Software
Step 6 If you want Flash memory erased, enter yes.
Erase flash device before writing? [confirm] y
Flash contains files. Are you sure? [no]: y
You are prompted one last time as follows:
Copy 'gs7-k.103-4' from server
as 'gs7-k.103-4' into Flash WITH erase? [yes/no] y
The file is copied and output similar to the following is displayed:
Erasing... eeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeeee
Loading gs7-k.103-4 from 1.1.1.11 (via Ethernet1/0): !
[OK - 3320245/4194176 bytes]
Verifying via checksum...
Flash verification successful. Length = 3320245, checksum = 0xA83D
Step 7 Verify that the image was copied to Flash memory using the show flash command.
Booting from Flash Memory
When configuring the system to boot from Flash memory, first configure no boot system and then
configure boot system flash filename. Configuring no boot system clears all the boot system
commands, which are stored in the order that they are entered.
Note We recommend that you first use the no boot system command to clear all boot system
commands.
From the enable-mode prompt (#) on the router, enter the EXEC command write terminal to see if
the boot system flash command line in the configuration file has the filename argument, as follows:
Router> enable
Password:
Router# write term
Current configuration:
!
(text deleted)
boot system flash
(text deleted)
If the boot system flash command does not appear in the system configuration, you can configure
the router to automatically boot from the image in Flash memory by following this procedure:
Step 1 Issue the configure terminal command in EXEC mode.
Step 2 Add the boot system flash filename system configuration command to the router’s
configuration, where filename is the name of the new software image.
Step 3 Write the configuration to NVRAM with the write memory or copy running-config
startup-config commands.

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 13
Enabling SSE Switching
The following example shows the sequence of steps for replacing a Cisco IOS 10.0 image with a
Release 10.3(4) image. Substitute the different image names.
Note We recommend that you first use the no boot system command to clear all boot system
commands.
Router# configure terminal
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# no boot system flash 7k10020z (Removes old filename)
Router(config)# boot system flash gs7-k.103.4 (Tells system to boot new filename)
Router(config)# ^Z
Router# write memory
[ok]
Router#
Reboot the router with the reload command.
Recovering from a Flash Memory Failure
If the image fails to load properly into Flash memory, the following error message appears:
Error programming flash memory
If you try loading the image into Flash memory three or more times and repeatedly see the previous
message, contact technical support.
In an attempt to recover from the error, you also can erase the Flash memory and try to download
the file again. To erase the Flash memory, issue the copy tftp flash command and press Return or Y
at the following prompt:
erase flash before writing? [confirm] <Return>
Having successfully copied an image into Flash memory, you can display the image name by issuing
the show flash command.
Enabling SSE Switching
After you install the SSP, you must enable Silicon Switch Engine (SSE) switching with the ip
route-cache sse command. The ip route-cache sse command is comparable to the ip route-cache
cbus command used to enable autonomous switching in the Switch Processor (SP). Enter the ip
route-cache sse command from the Configuration mode, as follows:
Router# conf term
Enter configuration commands, one per line. End with CNTL/Z.
Router(config)# int ether 1/0
Router(config-if)# ip route-cache sse
Router(config-if)# ^Z
Router#
For additional information on SSE switching, refer to the appropriate router software publication.

14 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Additional Show Commands
Additional Show Commands
Use the show commands for determining the successful installation and operation of the SSP.
The show sse summary command displays the following summary of the processor statistics:
Router# show sse sum
SSE utilization statistics
Program words Rewrite bytes Internal nodes Depth Rebuilds
Overhead 500 5 4
IP 6607 133 6550 15 1
IPX 0 0 0 0 2
SRB 0 0 0 0 2
CLNP 0 0 0 0 44082
IP access lists 0 0 0
Total used 7107 138 6554
Total free 58429 262006
Total available 65536 262144
Internals
15001487 internal nodes allocated, 14994933 freed
SSE manager process enabled, microcode enabled and running, 0 hangs
Router#
The show ip cache command displays the following:
Router# show ip cache
IP routing cache version 0, 5827 entries, 819880 bytes
Minimum invalidation interval 2 seconds, maximum interval 5 seconds,
quiet interval 3 seconds, threshold 0 requests
Invalidation rate 0 in last second, 0 in last 3 seconds
Prefix/Length Age Interface MAC Header
6.0.0.0/8 2:02:35 Hssi1/0 0F000800
13.0.0.0/8 1:23:57 Fddi0/0 00000C0BA9DA00000C0DDF9CAAAA0300
00000800
15.0.0.0/8 0:00:44 Fddi0/0 00000C0BA9DA00000C0DDF9CAAAA0300
00000800
16.0.0.0/8 0:20:15 Fddi0/0 00000C03510300000C0DDF9CAAAA0300
00000800
17.0.0.0/8 0:19:14 Fddi0/0 00000C0BA9DA00000C0DDF9CAAAA0300
00000800
The show ip interface brief command displays the interfaces that are enabled.
To display statistics, including the controller type, MAC addresses, and microcode versions, enter
the show controllers cbus command, as follows:
Router# show cont cbus
Switch Processor 5, hardware version 12.0, microcode version 10.8 Altera 4
Microcode loaded from system
2048 Kbytes of main memory, 128 Kbytes cache memory
4 256 byte buffers, 4 1024 byte buffers, 438 4496 byte buffers
Restarts: 0 line down, 0 hung output, 0 controller error
FIP 0, hardware version 2.4, microcode version 10.2
Microcode loaded from system
Interface 0 - Fddi 0/0, address 0000.0c04.b038 (bia 0000.0c04.b038)
62 buffer RX queue threshold, 47 buffer TX queue limit, buffer size 4496
ift 0006, rql 32, tq 0000 01C0, tql 47

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 15
Installing the SSP
Installing the SSP
The SSP does not support online insertion and removal (OIR), so you must turn all system power
OFF before removing the SSP from the chassis.
Removing the SP or SSP
Always use the ejector levers to remove or install the SSP. The ejectors help to ensure that backplane
connectors on the card are fully seated in, or fully ejected from, the backplane (refer to the
description in the section “Cisco 7000 Series Overview”). Failure to use the ejector levers could
result in a partial backplane connection and subsequent system crash.
Follow these steps to remove and replace the SSP:
Step 1 Turn OFF (O) all power supply switches.
Step 2 Slip on a grounding wrist strap and attach the wrist strap to one of the captive installation
screws on the rear of the chassis.
Step 3 Use a number 1 Phillips or 1/4-inch flat-blade screwdriver to loosen the captive installation
screws on the ends of the SSP. (See Figure 4.)
Step 4 Place your thumbs on the ejector levers and simultaneously push out on the levers to release
the SSP from the backplane connector. (See Figure 4.)
Step 5 Grasp the SSP handle with one hand and place your other hand under the carrier to support
and guide the SSP out of the slot. (See Figure 6.) Avoid touching the components on the
board.
Figure 6 Handling the SSP During Installation
Step 6 Carefully pull the SSP straight out of the slot, keeping your other hand under the carrier to
guide the SSP. (See Figure 6.) Keep the SSP at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane.
Step 7 Place the removed SSP on an antistatic mat or antistatic foam. If you are replacing the SSP
and will return the SSP to the factory, immediately place the SSP in an antistatic bag to
prevent ESD damage.
H1985
Captive installation
screws

16 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Installing the SSP
Replacing an SSP in the Chassis
Ensure that all power supplies are turned OFF (O) before installing the SSP in the chassis. The SSP,
RP, and interface processors are all keyed for installation only in the correct slot. (Refer to “SSP
Description.”) Install the SSP in the SP slot (see Figure 2 and Figure 3), as follows:
Caution Handle the SSP by the handle and carrier edges only to prevent ESD damage.
Step 1 Hold the SSP handle with one hand and place your other hand under the carrier to support
the bottom as you guide the SSP into the slot (see Figure 6). Avoid touching the board or
connectors.
Caution You must install the SSP in the SSP or SP slot, which is adjacent to the RP slot.
(See Figure 3 and Figure 2.) The slots are keyed for correct installation. Forcing the SSP into a
different slot can damage the backplane and the SSP.
Step 2 Place the back of the SSP in the slot and align the notch on the ends of the carrier with the
groove in the chassis slot. (See Figure 4.)
Step 3 While keeping the SSP at a 90-degree orientation to the backplane, carefully slide the
carrier into the slot until the SSP faceplate makes contact with the ejector levers, then stop.
(See Figure 4.)
Step 4 Using the thumb and forefinger of each hand to pinch each ejector, simultaneously push the
levers inward (toward the handle) until they are at a full 90-degree orientation to the
faceplate. (See Figure 4.)
Caution Always use the ejector levers when installing or removing processor modules. A module
that is partially seated in the backplane will cause the system to hang and subsequently crash.
Step 5 Use an appropriate screwdriver to tighten the captive installation screws on the ends of the
SSP. (See Figure 4.) (These screws must be tightened for maximum EMI protection.)
Step 6 If you disconnected the console terminal to remove the SP or SSP, connect the console
terminal to the Console port.
Step 7 Ensure that the console terminal is turned on.
Step 8 Proceed to the next section to restart the system and check the installation.

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 17
Installing the SSP
Restarting the System
Follow these steps to verify that the SSP is installed and functioning properly:
Step 1 Check the ejector levers to ensure that the SSP is inserted all the way into its slot and that
both the top and bottom captive installation screws are tightened.
Step 2 Ensure that the console terminal is on.
Step 3 Turn ON the power.
Step 4 On model 7000 routers, after the lower power supply is on, turn the upper power supply (if
present) ON for redundant power. The power LED on the power supply and the upper
power LED on the front of the chassis will come ON.
Step 5 Observe the RP LEDs. While the system initializes, the yellow boot error LED on the RP
comes on for about five seconds or less, then goes out when the boot is complete. As the
RP initializes each interface processor, the interface processor status LEDs come on in
irregular sequence.
Step 6 After the system boots the software and initializes the interface processors (approximately
30 seconds), verify that the RP LEDs are in the following states:
•RP normal LED is on
•CPU halt LED is off
•Boot error LED is off
Step 7 Verify that the enabled LED on the SSP comes on.
Step 8 Verify that the enabled LEDs on the interface processors come on.
Step 9 Verify that the console terminal displays a script and system banner similar to the
following:
Cisco Internetwork Operating System Software
IOS (tm) GS Software (GS7), Version 10.3(3), RELEASE SOFTWARE
Copyright (c) 1986-1995 by cisco Systems, Inc.
Compiled Wed 10-May-95 03:33
(displayed text omitted from example)
After verifying all of the conditions in the previous steps, your installation is complete.
An error condition exists if any of the enabled LEDs fail to come on after initialization or if the boot
error or CPU halt LEDs come on and remain on. If this happens, proceed to “Troubleshooting the
Installation” to try to isolate the problem.

18 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Installing the SSP
Troubleshooting the Installation
This section contains procedures to follow if the system does not restart and boot as expected.
Review the descriptions that follow, so you can anticipate the expected system startup sequence.
Then restart the system and try to isolate the problem by observing the LEDs as the system attempts
to boot the software and initialize the SSP and each interface processor.
The troubleshooting procedures in this section assume that your system was operating correctly up
until the time you install or replace the SSP and that any problems are a result of the newly installed
or upgraded SSP.
If the troubleshooting procedures indicate a problem with the power subsystem or one of the
interface processor cards, refer to the Cisco 7000 Hardware Installation and Maintenance or
Cisco 7010 Hardware Installation and Maintenance publications for complete system startup
troubleshooting procedures.
Verifying LEDs Following are functional descriptions of the LEDs on the powersupplies and processor modules, and
the behavior you should observe at system startup.
System Power LEDs
Cisco 7000 series models have a system power LED that should go on and stay on when the system
power is turned on. If the LED does not go on or stay on, there is most likely a problem with the
input power or one of the internal DC lines.
On the Cisco 7010, the system power LED is located on the lower right of the interface processor
end of the chassis and is labeled DC OK. (See Figure 3.) The rocker-type power switch turns the
power supply on and starts the system.
On the Cisco 7000, which operates with either one or two power supplies, the system power LEDs
are labeled and located on the individual power supplies. Each supply contains AC (or DC) power
and DC fail LEDs and a power switch. (See Figure 7.) When you turn on a power supply, the green
power LED should go on. The yellow DC fail LED should remain off. The power LED will not go
on if the power supply switch is not fully in the ON (|) position, or if the power supply is not properly
seated in the bay.
In both models, the power LED will not go on or will go off if the power supply reaches an
out-of-tolerance temperature or voltage condition. The power supply is unlikely to shut down during
startup because of an overtemperature condition; the power supply can, however, shut down if the
power supply detects an over- or under-voltage condition during startup.
For descriptions of environmental monitoring functions, refer to the Cisco 7000 Hardware
Installation and Maintenance or the Cisco 7010 Hardware Installation and Maintenance
publications.

Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration 19
Installing the SSP
Figure 7 Cisco 7000 Power Supply LEDs
RP LEDs
Figure 8 shows the three LEDs on the RP faceplate. These LEDs indicate the system and RP status.
When the router is turned on or restarted, the boot error LED goes on for one or two seconds, then
goes off. The CPU halt LED, which goes on only if the system detects a processor hardware failure,
remains off. Ifthe boot error LED remains on for more than five seconds, the router is unable to boot
and you must restart the router. A successful boot is indicated when the boot error LED goes off;
however, this does not necessarily mean that the system has reached normal operation. During
normal operation, the CPU halt and boot error LEDs are off, and the normal LED is on.
Figure 8 RP LEDs (Horizontal Cisco 7010 Orientation Shown)
I
O
DC FAIL
AC POWER
Power supply
front panel
On/off switch
AC power
receptacle
LEDs
Captive
installation
screw
Locking device
H1314a
DC FAIL
AC POWER
NORMAL
BOOT ERROR
CPU HALT
H2061

20 Silicon Switch Processor (SSP) Installation and Configuration
Installing the SSP
SSP and Interface Processor LEDs
The SSP and each interface processor contain an enabled LED. The enabled LED goes on to indicate
that the SSP or interface processor is operational and powered up. All enabled LEDs (on the SSP
and interface processors) go on when the boot sequence is complete. If the enabled LEDs do not
come on, one of the following errors is indicated:
•The SSP or interface processor is not installed correctly. (The SSP is not fully seated in the
backplane connector).
•The microcode and software that are loading at startup are not compatible.
•The SSP or interface processor has failed.
System Startup Sequence
By checking the state of the LEDs, you can determine when and where the system failed in the
startup sequence. The Cisco 7000 features redundant LEDs on the front of the chassis for the RP
normal system status LED and the power LEDs on the power supplies. However, because the states
reported by these LEDs are also indicated at the interface processor end of the chassis, these LEDs
are ignored in the following procedure.Because you turn the system power on with the power supply
switches, the startup behavior is easiest to observe from the rear of the chassis. Use the following
descriptions of the normal startup sequence to isolate the problem, then use the troubleshooting
procedures wherever the system fails to operate as expected. If you are able to isolate the problem
to a faulty hardware component, or if you are unable to successfully restart the system, refer to the
end of this document for instructions for contacting a customer service representative.
Note The time required for the system to initialize (boot) varies with different router configurations
and the amount of memory that must be initialized. During the system startup sequence, the time
required to initialize the memory (not necessarily the entire boot sequence) in a system that contains
64 MB of DRAM will be approximately four times longer than in a system that contains 16 MB of
DRAM.
The pause in the banner display occurs after the copyright line, and before the system displays the
list of installed hardware, as shown in the following display:
%SYS-5-RELOAD: Reload requested
System Bootstrap, Version 4.6(7.3)
Copyright (c) 1986-1995 by cisco Systems, Inc.
(System initializes memory at this point in the display)
RP1 processor with...
Note The procedures in this section are based on the assumption that your system has been
operating correctly up until the time you removed or replaced the SSP. If the following sequence
indicates a new problem with the power subsystem or one of the interface processors, refer to the
Cisco 7000 Hardware Installation and Maintenance or the Cisco 7010 Hardware Installation and
Maintenance publications for system startup troubleshooting procedures.