Cisco NCS 4200 Series User manual

Configuring SDH
SDH is a standard that defines optical signals as well as a synchronous frame structure for multiplexed digital
traffic. It is is used in Europe by the International Telecommunication Union Telecommunication
Standardization Sector (ITU-T). The SDH equipment is used everywhere except North America. The IM
supports the entire SDH hierarchy (except VC-2/C-2).
•Overview of SDH, page 1
•Services Provided by SDH Configuration, page 4
•SDH Multiplexing, page 7
•Restrictions for SDH, page 18
•Configuring Mediatype Controller, page 19
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports, page 19
•SDH Line and Section Configuration Parameters, page 19
•Configuring BERT in SDH for SAToP, page 27
•SDH T1/E1 Configuration Parameters, page 30
•SDH T3/E3 Configuration Parameters, page 31
•SDH VC Configuration Parameters for SAToP, page 32
•Configuring ACR, page 33
•Configuring DCR, page 34
•Associated Commands, page 35
Overview of SDH
SDH was defined by European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI) and is now being controlled
by the ITU-T standards body. SDH standard is prevalently used everywhere outside North America and Japan.
The following are true for SDH:
•Network Node Interface (NNI) defined by CCITT/ITU-TS for worldwide use and partly aompatible
with SONET
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•One of the two options for the User-Network Interface (UNI) (the customer connection) and formally
the U reference point interface for support of BISDN
Basic SDH Signal
The basic format of an SDH signal allows it to carry many different services in its VC because SDH signal
is bandwidth-flexible. This capability allows the transmission of high-speed packet-switched services, ATM,
contribution video, and distribution video. However, SDH still permits transport and networking at the 2
Mbit/s, 34 Mbit/s, and 140 Mbit/s levels, accommodating the existing digital hierarchy signals. In addition,
SDH supports the transport of signals based on the 1.5 Mbit/s hierarchy.
SDH Hierarchy
SDH Frame Structure
The STM-1 frame is the basic transmission format for SDH. The frame lasts for 125 microseconds, therefore,
there are 8000 frames per second. The STM-1 frame consists of overhead plus a Virtual Container (VC)
capacity.
The SDH frame consists of 270 columns. The first nine columns of each frame make up the Section Overhead,
and the last 261 columns make up the VC capacity. The VC plus the pointers (H1, H2, H3 bytes) are called
the Administrative Unit (AU). Carried within the VC capacity, which has its own frame structure of nine rows
and 261 columns, is the Path Overhead and the Container. The first column is for Path Overhead; it is followed
by the payload container, which can itself carry other containers. VCs can have any phase alignment within
the Administrative Unit, and this alignment is indicated by the Pointer in row four. Within the Section Overhead,
the first three rows are used for the Regenerator Section Overhead, and the last five rows are used for the
Multiplex Section Overhead. The STM frame is transmitted in a byte-serial fashion, row-by-row, and is
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Configuring SDH
Basic SDH Signal

scrambled immediately prior to transmission to ensure adequate clock timing content for downstream
regenerators.
Figure 1: STM1 Frame Structure
Figure 2: STM1 Section Overhead
VC
SDH supports a concept called VC. Through the use of pointers and offset values, VCs can be carried in the
SDH payload as independent data packages. VCs are used to transport lower-speed tributary signals. Note
that it can start (indicated by the J1 path overhead byte) at any point within the STM-1 frame. The start location
of the J1 byte is indicated by the pointer byte values. VCs can also be concatenated to provide more capacity
in a flexible fashion.
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Configuring SDH
SDH Frame Structure

CEM Overview
Circuit Emulation (CEM) is a way to carry TDM circuits over packet switched network. CEM embeds the
TDM circuits into packets, encapsulates them into an appropriate header, and then sends that through Packet
Switched Network. The receiver side of CEM restores the TDM circuits from packets.
Modes of CEM
•Structure Agnostic TDM over Packet (SAToP) (RFC 4553) –SAToP mode is used to encapsulate
T1/E1 or T3/E3 unstructured (unchannelized) services over packet switched networks. In SAToP mode,
the bytes are sent out as they arrive on the TDM line. Bytes do not have to be aligned with any framing.
In this mode, the interface is considered as a continuous framed bit stream. The packetization of the
stream is done according to IETF RFC 4553. All signaling is carried transparently as a part of a bit
stream.
•Circuit Emulation Service over Packet (CEP) (RFC 4842) - CEP mode is used to encapsulate SDH
payload envelopes (SPEs) like VC11, VC12, VC4, or VC4-Nc over PSN. In this mode, the bytes from
the corresponding SPE are sent out as they arrive on the TDM line. The interface is considered as a
continuous framed bit stream. The packetization of the stream is done according to IETF RFC 4842.
Table 1: SDH CEM Channelization Modes
PortsCEMSDH Modes
STM16CEPVC4-16c
STM4, STM16CEPVC4-4c
STM1, STM4, STM16CEPVC4
STM1, STM4, STM16SAToPTUG-3-E3
STM1, STM4, STM16SAToPTUG-3-T3
STM1, STM4, STM16CEPTUG-2-VC11
STM1, STM4, STM16CEPTUG-2-VC12
STM1, STM4, STM16SAToPTUG-2-T1
STM1, STM4, STM16SAToPTUG-2-E1
Services Provided by SDH Configuration
The following services are provided by SDH Configuration:
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Configuring SDH
CEM Overview

Configuration DetailsSDH Circuits
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configurin AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Modes under AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC4 CEP
Configuring VC4 CEP circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Modes under AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC-4 Nc
Configuring VC4-4c circuit or Configuring VC4-16c
circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode TUG-3
Configuring VC4—TUG3—E3 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode TUG-3
•Configuring AU-4—TUG-3—VC-3—DS3
Configuring VC4—TUG3—T3 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode TUG-3
•Configuring
VC4—TUG-3—TUG-2—VC-12—VC
Configuring VC4—TUG-3—TUG-2—VC-12 circuit
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Configuring SDH
Services Provided by SDH Configuration

Configuration DetailsSDH Circuits
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode TUG-3
•Configuring AU-4—TUG-3—TUG-2—VC-12
Configuring VC4 —TUG-3 —TUG-2 —VC-12 —
E1 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode TUG-3
•Configuring
AU-4—VC4—TUG-3—TUG-2—VC-11—T1
Configuring VC4—TUG-3—TUG-2—VC-11 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring AU-3—VC-3—E3
Configuring AU-3—VC-3—E3 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring AU-3—VC-3—DS3 circuit
Configuring AU-3—VC-3—DS3 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC-1x
•Configuring AU-3—TUG-2—VC-11—T1
Configuring (AU-3) VC-3—TUG-2—VC-12—T1
circuit
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Configuring SDH
Services Provided by SDH Configuration

Configuration DetailsSDH Circuits
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC-1x
•Configuring AU-3—TUG-2—VC-12—E1
Configuring (AU-3) VC-3—TUG-2—VC-12 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC-1x
•Configuring AU-3—TUG-2—VC-11—T1
Configuring (AU-3) VC-3—TUG-2—VC11 circuit
•Configuring Mediatype Controller
•Configuring Rate on SDH Ports
•Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
•Configuring Mode VC-1x
•Configuring AU-3—TUG-2—VC-12—E1
Configuring (AU-3) VC-3—TUG-2—VC11—E1
circuit
SDH Multiplexing
The terms and definitions of SDH multiplexing principles are:
•Mapping –A process used when tributaries are adapted into VCs by adding justification bits and Path
Overhead (POH) information.
•Aligning –This process takes place when a pointer is included in a Tributary Unit (TU) or an
Administrative Unit (AU), to allow the first byte of the VC to be located.
•Multiplexing –This process is used when multiple lower-order path layer signals are adapted into a
higher-order path signal, or when the higher-order path signals are adapted into a Multiplex Section.
•Stuffing –As the tributary signals are multiplexed and aligned, some spare capacity is designed into
the SDH frame to provide enough space for all the various tributary rates. Therefore, at certain points
in the multiplexing hierarchy, this space capacity is filled with “fixed stuffing”bits that carry no
information, but are required to fill up the particular frame.
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Configuring SDH
SDH Multiplexing

Modes of SDH
A Synchronous Transport Module (STM) signal is the Synchronous Digital Hierarchy (SDH) equivalent of
the SONET STS. In this document, STM term refers to both path widths and optical line rates. The paths
within an STM signals are called administrative units (AUs).
An AU is the information structure that provides adaptation between the higher-order path layer and the
multiplex section layer. It consists of an information payload (the higher-order VC) and an AU pointer, which
indicates the offset of the payload frame start relative to the multiplex section frame start.
The AU-3 pointer is composed of 3 bytes; the AU-4 pointer is composed of 9 bytes.
The payload of the STM-1 frame consists of one AU-4 unit or three AU-3 units.
Augment Mapping
An administrative unit group (AUG) consists of one or more administrative units occupying fixed, defined
positions in an STM payload. Augment mapping is supported at STM1 level.The following types of augment
mapping are supported:
•Augment Mapping AU-4
This is the default augment mapping mode.Note
•Augment Mapping AU-3
•Mixed (AU-3 and AU-4) Augment Mapping
The supported modes of SDH are:
•AU-4-16c (VC4-16c)
•AU-4-4c (VC4-4c)
•AU-4 (VC4)
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —VC-3 —DS3
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —VC-3 —E3
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —TUG-2 —VC-11 —T1
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —TUG-2 —VC-12 —E1
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —TUG-2 —VC-11
•AU-4 —TUG-3 —TUG-2 —VC-12
•AU-3 —VC-3 —DS3
•AU-3 —TUG-2 —VC-11 —T1
•AU-3 —TUG-2 —VC-12 —E1
•AU-3 —TUG-2 —VC-11
•AU-3 —TUG-2 —VC-12
•AU-3 —VC-3 —E3
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Configuring SDH
Modes of SDH

Configuring AUG Mapping
This section describes the configuration of Administration Units Group (AUG) mapping.
Configuring AU-3 or AU-4 Mapping
To configure AU-3 or AU-4 mapping:
configure terminal
aug mapping [au-3 |au-4]
end
The aug mapping command is available only when SDH framing is configured.Note
The AUG mapping mode is AU-4 by default. AUG mapping is supported at STM-1 level.Note
Configuring Mixed AU-3 and AU-4 Mapping
To configure mixed AU-3 and AU-4 mapping:
configure terminal
aug mapping [au-3 |au-4]stm [1-1]stm1 number [1-4]
end
Use the following command to change the AUG mapping of a particular STM-1 to AU-3:
aug mapping au-3 stm [1-16]path number 1-16
After configuring this command for STM-4 the AUG mapping of path 2, 3, and 4 is AU-4 and for path 1
it is AU-3.
Note
Verifying AUG Mapping Configuration
Use show running-configuration command to verify the AUG mapping configuration.
show running-config | sec 0/3/4
PDT: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
controller MediaType 0/0/16
mode sdh
controller SDH 0/0/16
rate STM4
no ais-shut
alarm-report all
threshold sf-ber 3
clock source internal
overhead s1s0 0
aug mapping au-4 stm 1
aug mapping au-3 stm 2
aug mapping au-4 stm 3
aug mapping au-4 stm 4
au-4 1
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Configuring SDH
Configuring AUG Mapping

!
au-3 4
!
au-3 5
!
au-3 6
!au-4 3
!au-4 4
!
Configuring Modes under AU-4 Mapping
This section describes the configuration of modes under AU-4 mapping.
Configuring Mode VC-4 CEP
To configure mode VC-4 CEP:
enable
configure terminal
controller sdh 0/0/16
rate stm 4
aug mapping au-4
au-4 1
mode vc4
cem-group 100 cep
end
Overhead C2 should match with the peer end else it will result in PPLM alarm.Note
Verifying Mode VC-4 Configuration
Use the show running-configuration command to verify the mode VC-4 configuration.
#show running-config | sec 0/3/4
PDT: %SYS-5-CONFIG_I: Configured from console by console
platform enable
controller MediaType 0/0/16 oc12
controller MediaType 0/0/16
mode sdh
controller SDH 0/0/16
rate STM4
no ais-shut
alarm-report all
threshold sf-ber 3
clock source internal
overhead s1s0 0
aug mapping au-4
au-4 1
mode vc4
clock source internal
au-4 2
!
au-4 3
!
au-4 4
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Configuring SDH
Configuring Modes under AU-4 Mapping