Citizen SRP-285II User manual

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
version : 2007/07/04
General Guide .................................................3
Turning On And Off ............................................3
Battery Replacement..........................................3
Auto Power-Off Function ...................................3
Reset Operation .................................................3
Contrast Adjustment ..........................................3
Display Readout.................................................4
Before starting calculation ............................. 5
Changing a mode ...............................................5
Selecting an item from display menus ..............5
Using " 2nd " Keys.............................................5
Cursor ................................................................5
Making corrections during input .......................6
Replay function .................................................. 6
Error Position Display Function ........................6
Memory Calculation ...........................................6
Order Of Operations ..........................................7
Accuracy And Capacity ......................................8
Error Conditions ..............................................10
Mode 0 - MAIN ............................................... 11
Arithmetic Calculations ................................... 11
Display formats ................................................ 11
Parentheses Calculation.................................. 11
Percentage Calculation.................................... 12
Continuous calculation function .....................12
Answer Function .............................................. 12
Logarithm And Antilogarithm...........................12
Fraction Calculation.........................................12

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
version : 2007/07/04
Angle Unit Conversion.....................................13
Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. Functions ............14
Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. Functions ............... 14
Coordinates Transformation............................14
Probability........................................................ 14
Other Functions ( X–1, √, X, X 2, ^ ) .............15
Unit Conversions .............................................15
Physics Constants ...........................................15
Mode 1 - STAT................................................16
Single-Variable / Two-Variable Statistics......... 16
Process capability............................................17
Probability distribution .................................... 17
Linear regression............................................. 18
Correcting data ................................................18
Mode 2 - Base-n.............................................19
Bases conversions ..........................................19
Negative expression ........................................ 19
Basic arithmetic operations for bases ............ 20
Logical operation .............................................20
Mode 3 - CPLX ...............................................20
Mode 4 - VLE .................................................20
Mode 5 - QE ...................................................20

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
version : 2007/07/04
General Guide
Turning On And Off
To turn the calculator on, press [ ON ] ; To turn the calculator off,
press [ 2nd ] [ OFF ].
Battery Replacement
SRP-285II is dual power system which is powered by one alkaline
battery (GP76A) and a solar cell. If the display becomes dim and
difficult to read (especially when lighting is dim ), the batteries should
be replaced as soon as possible.
To replace batteries :
1) Remove the screws and the back cover.
2) Replace the old batteries and install new ones with polarity in
correct directions, then secure the screws in place and press
[ ON ] to turn the power on.
Auto Power-Off Function
This calculator automatically turns it off when not operated for
approximately 6~12 minutes. It can be reactivated by pressing [ ON ]
key and the display, memory, settings are retained.
Reset Operation
If the calculator is on but you get unexpected results, press [ 2nd ]
[ RESET ] in sequence. A message appears on the display to
confirm whether you want to reset the calculator and clear memory
contents.
RESET : N Y
Move the cursor to " Y " by [ ], then press [ ] to clear all
variables, programs, pending operations, statistical data, answers,
all previous entries, and memory; To abort the reset operation
without clearing the calculator, please choose " N" .
If the calculator is lock and further key operations becomes
impossible, please press [ 0 ] [ DMS ] at the same time to release the
condition. It will return all settings to default settings.
Contrast Adjustment
Pressing the [ ] or [ ] following [ MODE ] key can make the
contrast of the screen lighter or darker. Holding either key down will
make the display become respectively lighter or darker.

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
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Display Readout
The display comprises the entry line, the result line, and indicators.
MAIN
74 – 8 ÷7
66.

Entry line
Indicator
Result line
Ind icator
Entry line SRP-285II displays an entry of up to 76 digits. Entries
begin on the left ; those with more than 11 digits scroll
to the left. Press [ ] and [ ] to move the cursor
through an entry. Press [ 2nd ] [ ] or [ 2nd ] [ ] to
move the cursor immediately to the beginning or end of
the entry.
Result line It displays a result of up to 10 digits, as well as a
decimal, a negative sign, a " x10 " indicator, and a
2-digits positive or negative exponent. Results that
exceed the digit limit are displayed in scientific
notation.
Indicators The following indicators appear on the display to
indicate you the current status of the calculator.
Indicator Meaning
MIndependent memory
–Result is negative
2nd 2nd set of function keys is active.
MODE Mode selection is active
MAIN Main mode is active
STAT Statistics mode is active
Base-n Base-n mode is active
VLE Variable linear equation mode is active
QE Quadratic equation mode is active
CPLX Complex number mode is active
DEGRAD Angle mode : DEGrees, GRADs, or RADs
ENGSCI ENGineering or SCIentific notation
TAB Number of decimal places displayed is fixed
HYP Hyperbolic-trig function will be calculated
BUSY While an operation is executing
There are digits to the left or right of the display
There are earlier or later results that can be displayed

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
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Before starting calculation
Changing a mode
Pressing [ MODE ] can enter mode menus. You can choose one of
six operating modes, including " 0) MAIN ", " 1)STAT ", " 2)Base-n ",
" 3)CPLX ", " 4)VLE ", " 5)QE ".
Give " 2)Base-n " as an example :
Method 1 : Scroll through the menus using [ ] or [ ] until "
2)Base-n " is shown, then enter the desired mode by
pressing [ ].
Method 2 : Key in directly the number of the mode, [ 2 ] , to enter
the desired mode immediately.
Selecting an item from display menus
Many functions and settings are available on menus. A menu is a list
of options displayed across the entry line.
Give " Pressing [ DRG ] key displays the menu for choosing the
angle setting under MAIN mode " as an example :
Method : Press [ DRG ] to display the menu, and then move the
cursor [ ] or [ ] to an item you want. Press [ ]
while the item is underlined.
For menu items followed by an argument value, you can press
[ ] while the item is underlined or enter directly the
corresponding argument value.
Using " 2nd " Keys
To execute the functions marked in yellow, please press [ 2nd ] and
then the corresponding key. When you press [ 2nd ], the " 2nd "
indicator shown in the display is to tell you that you will be selecting
the second function of the next key you press. If you press [ 2nd ] by
mistake, simply press [ 2nd ] again to remove the " 2nd " indicator.
Cursor
Pressing [ ] or [ ] key can move the cursor to the left or the right.
Hold down any of those keys to move the cursor at high speed.
Pressing [ ] or [ ] can scroll the display up or down while there
are previous entries hidden the display. You can reuse or edit a
previous entry when it is on the entry line.

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
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Making corrections during input
To delete a character at the cursor, make the character underlined
by using [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor, and then press [ DEL ] to
delete the character.
To replace a character, make the character underlined by using [ ]
or [ ] to move the cursor, and then enter a new entry to replace the
character.
To insert a character, move the cursor to the position of the
character where you want to insert, it will be inserted in the front of
the character after pressing [ 2nd ] [ INS ] and entering a new
character.
(Note) : The blinking cursor " " means the calculator is in insert
mode. On the contrary, the blinking cursor is displayed
as " _" and it means the calculator is in overwrite mode.
To clear all characters, clear all input character by [ CL ] key.
Replay function
zThis function stores the latest operation executed. After execution
is complete, pressing [ ] or [ ] key will display the operation
from the beginning or the end. You can continue moving the
cursor by [ ] or [ ] to edit it. To delete a digit, press [ DEL ]. ( or,
in overwrite mode, just type over the digit). See Example 1.
zThe replay function can keep input digits up to 254 characters for
SRP-285II. After execution is complete or during entering, you can
press either [ ] or [ ] to display previous input steps and edit
values or commands for subsequent execution. See Example 2.
(Note) : The replay function isn't cleared even when [ CL ] is
pressed or power is turned off, so contents can be
recalled even after [ CL ] is pressed. However, replay
function is cleared when mode or operation is switched.
Error Position Display Function
zWhen a mathematically illegal calculation is performed, error
position display function will tell you with the cursor where the
error is. Press [ ] or [ ] to move the cursor and then give it a
correct entry. You can also clear an error by pressing [ CL ] and
then re-entered the values and expression from the beginning.
See Example 3.
Memory Calculation
zPress [ M+ ] to add a result to running memory. Press [ 2nd ] [ M– ]
to subtract the value from running memory. To recall the value in
running memory, press [ MRC ]. To clear running memory, press
[ MRC ] twice. See Example 4.

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
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zThe calculator has ten memory variables for repeated use : A, B,
C, X, Y, X1, X2, PROG1
and
PROG2
. You can store a real number in
variables A, B, C, X, Y, X1, X2 and an expression in
PROG1
and
PROG2
. See Example 5.
* [ P/V RCL ] recalls all variables.
* [ SAVE ] lets you store values to variables.
* [ 2nd ] [ RECALL ] recalls the value of variable.
* [ 2nd ] [ CL-VAR ] clears all variables except
PROG1
,
PROG2
.
* [ 2nd ] [ CL-PROG ] clears the contents of
PROG1
,
PROG2
.
(Note) : Besides pressing [ SAVE ] key to store a value, you can
also assign values to memory variable Mby [ M+ ] or
[ 2nd ] [ M– ]. However, anything currently stored in
variable Mwill be deleted and replaced by the newly
assigned value.
Order Of Operations
Each calculation is performed in the following order of precedence :
1) Expression inside parentheses.
2) Coordinates transformation, and Type B functions which are
required pressing the function key before entering, for example,
sin, cos, tan, sin –1, cos –1, tan –1, sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh –1,
cosh –1, tanh –1, log, ln, 10 X, e X, √, NEG, NOT, X'( ), Y'( )
3) Type A functions which are required entering values before
pressing the function key, for example, x 2, ,!,X–1, %, r,
g.
4) Exponentiation ( ^ ), X
5) Fractions
6) Abbreviated multiplication format in front of variables, π,
RANDM, RANDMI.
7) ( – )
8) Abbreviated multiplication format in the front of Type B
functions, 2 3, Alog2, etc.
9) nPr, nCr
10) x ,
11) +, –
12) AND, NAND
13) OR, XOR, XNOR
14) Conversion( Ab/c
d/e, F D, DMS )
• When functions with the same priority are used in series,
execution is performed from right to left.
e
Xln120 Æe X{ ln (120 ) }
otherwise, execution is from left to right.

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• Compound functions are executed from right to left.
• Anything contained within parentheses receives the
highest priority.
Accuracy And Capacity
Output digits : Up to 10 digits
Calculating digits : Up to 24 digits
In general, every reasonable calculation is displayed up to 10 digits
mantissa, or 10-digits mantissa plus 2-digits exponent up to 10 ± 99.
Numbers used as input must be within the range of the given
function as follow :
Functions Input range
sin x
cos x
tan x
Deg : x <4.5 x 10 10 deg
Rad : x <2.5 x 10 8πrad
Grad : x <5 x 10 10 grad
however, for tan x
Deg : x ≠90 (2n+1)
Rad : x ≠2
π(2n+1)
Grad : x ≠100 (2n+1), (n is an integer)
sin –1 x, cos –1 x x ≤1
tan –1 x x <1 x 10 100
sinh x, cosh x x ≤230.2585092
tanh x x <1 x 10 100
sinh –1 x x <5 x 10 99
cosh –1 x 1 ≤x <5 x 10 99
tanh –1 x x <1
log x, ln x 1 x 10 –99 ≤x <1 x 10 100
10 x–1 x 10 100 <x <100
ex –1 x 10 100 <x ≤230.2585092
x0 ≤x <1 x 10 100
x2 x <1 x 10 50
x -1 x <1 x 10 100, x ≠0
x ! 0 ≤x ≤69, x is an integer.

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File name : CBM_SR19S1_HDB119S1RR9_English
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P (x, y) 22 y+x <1 x 10 100
R (r, θ) 0 ≤r <1 x 10 100
Deg：│θ│<4.5 x 10 10 deg
Rad：│θ│<2.5 x 10 8πrad
Grad：│θ│<5 x 10 10 grad
however, for tanθ
Deg：│θ│≠90 (2n+1)
Rad：│θ│≠ 2
π(2n+1)
Grad：│θ│≠100 (2n+1), (n is an integer)
DMS │DD│, MM, SS.SS ＜1 x 10 100,
0 ≤MM, SS.SS
x <10 100
x yx >0 : –1 x 10 100 <y log x <100
x = 0 : y >0
x <0 : y = n, 1/(2n+1), n is an integer.
but –1 x 10100 <y log ⏐x⏐<100
xy
y >0 : x ≠0, –1 x 10 100 <x
1 log y
<100
y = 0 : x >0
y <0 : x = 2n+1, 1/n, n is an integer. (n≠0)
but –1 x 10 100 <x
1 log
⏐y⏐<100
nPr, nCr 0 ≤r ≤n, n ≤10 100, n,r are integers.
STAT x <1 x 10 100 , y <1 x 10 100
1–VAR : n ≤40, 2–VAR : n ≤40
FREQ. = n, 0 ≤n <10 100 : n is an integer in
1–VAR mode.
σx,σy,
x
,y,a, b, r : n≠0 ;
Sx, Sy：n, n≠0, 1

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Base–n DEC :
– 2147483648 ≤x ≤2147483647
BIN :
10000000000000000000000000000000 ≤x ≤
11111111111111111111111111111111 (f or ne gat ive)
0 ≤x ≤01111111111111111111111111111111
(for zero, positive)
OCT :
20000000000 ≤x ≤37777777777(for negative)
0 ≤x ≤17777777777 (for zero or positive)
HEX :
80000000 ≤x ≤FFFFFFFF (for negative)
0 ≤x ≤7FFFFFFF ( for zero or positive)
Error Conditions
Error message will appear on the display and further calculation
becomes impossible when any of the following conditions occur.
DOMAIN Er
(1) When specifying an argument to a function
outside the valid range.
(2) FREQ value (in 1–VAR stats) < 0 or
non-integer.
(3) When USL value < LSL value
DIVIDE BY 0
You attempted to divide by 0.
OVERFLOW Er
When result of function calculations exceeds
the range specified.
STAT Er
When in MAIN, CPLX, VLE, or QE mode, press
[ DATA ] or [ STATVAR ].
SYNTAX Er
(1) Input errors are made.
(2) When improper arguments are used in
commands or functions that require
arguments.
NO SOL
MULTI SOLS
There is no solution or infinite to the
simultaneous equation under VLE mode.
NO REAL SOL
There is no real solution to quadratic equation
under QE mode.
LENGTH Er
An entry exceeds 84 digits after implied
multiplication with auto-correction.
OUT OF SPEC
You input a negative CPU or CPL value, where
σ3
X–USL
=CPU ,σ3
LSL–X
=CPL
To release the above errors, please press [ CL ] key.

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Mode 0 - MAIN
Arithmetic Calculations
zArithmetic operations are performed by pressing the keys in the
same sequence as in the expression. See Example 6.
zFor negative values, press [ (−) ] before entering the value. See
Example 7.
zFor mixed arithmetic operations, multiplication and division are
given priority over addition and subtraction. See Example 8.
zResults greater than 10 10 or less than 10 -9 are displayed in
exponential form. See Example 9.
Display formats
zDecimal places formats are selected by pressing [ 2nd ] [ TAB ] to
display the menu. To set decimal places to n( F0123456789 ),
enter a nvalue directly or press [ ] key while the item is
underlined. (The default setting is floating point notation Fand the
nvalue is •). See Example 10.
zEven if the number of decimal places is specified, internal
calculation for a mantissa is performed up to 24 digits, and the
display value is stored in 10 digits. To round off those values to
the specified number of decimal places, press [ 2nd ] [ RND ].
See Example 11~12.
zNumber display formats are selected by pressing [ 2nd ]
[ SCI/ENG ] to display the menu. The items on the menu are FLO
(for floating point), SCI ( for scientific), and ENG (for engineering).
Press [ ] or [ ] until the desired formats is underlined, and
then press [ ]. See Example 13.
(Note) : The engineering format is similar to the scientific format,
except the mantissa can have up to three digits left of
the decimal, instead of only one, and the exponent is
always a multiple of three. It is useful for engineers to
convert units based on multiples of 10 3.
zYou can enter a number in mantissa and exponent form by [ EXP ]
key. See Example 14.
Parentheses Calculation
zOperations inside parentheses are always executed first.
SRP-285II can use up to 13 levels of consecutive parentheses in
a single calculation. See Example 15.
zClosed parentheses occurring immediately before operation of the
[ ] key may be omitted, no matter how many are required.
See Example 16.

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zA multiplication sign " x " occurring immediately before an open
parenthesis can omitted. See Example 17.
(Note) : The calculator can auto-correct abbreviated
multiplication in front of all functions, except memory
variables, left parenthesis, type B functions.
zHenceforth, abbreviated type will not be used in this manual.
See Example 18.
zThe correct result cannot be derived by entering [ ( ] 2 [ + ] 3 [ ) ]
[ EXP ] 2. Be sure to enter [ x ] 1 between the [ ) ] and [ EXP ] in
the below example. See Example 19.
Percentage Calculation
z[ 2nd ] [ % ] divides the number in the display by 100. You can use
this key sequence to calculate percentages, add-ons, discounts,
and percentages ratios. See Example 20~21.
Continuous calculation function
zThe calculator enables you to repeat the last operation executed
by pressing [ ] key for further calculation. See Example
22.
zEven if calculations are concluded with the [ ] key, the
result obtained can be used for further calculation. See Example
23.
Answer Function
zAnswer function stores the most recently calculated result. It is
retained even after the power is turned off. Once a numeric value
or numeric expression is entered and [ ] is pressed, the
result is stored by this function. See Example 24.
(Note) : Even if execution of a calculation results in an error,
however, Answer memory retains its current value.
Logarithm And Antilogarithm
zThe calculator can calculate common and natural logarithms and
anti-logarithms using [ LOG ], [ LN ], [ 2nd ] [ 10 x], and [ 2nd ]
[ e x]. See Example 25~27.
Fraction Calculation
Fraction value display is as follow :
5 / 12 Display of 12
5
56 ∪5 /12 Display of 56 12
5

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zTo enter a mixed number, enter the integer part, press [ A b/c],
enter the numerator, press [ A b/c], and enter the denominator ; To
enter an improper fraction, enter the numerator, press [ A b/c], and
enter the denominator. See Example 28.
zDuring a fraction calculation, if the figure is reducible, a figure is
reduced to the lowest terms after pressing a function command
key ( [ + ], [ – ], [ x ] or [ ] ) or the [ ] key. By pressing
[ 2nd ] [ A b/c
d
/e], the displayed value will be converted to the
improper fraction and vice versa. See Example 29.
zTo convert between a decimal and fractional result, press [ 2nd ]
[ F D ] and [ ]. See Example 30.
zCalculations containing both fractions and decimals are calculated
in decimal format. See Example 31.
Angle Unit Conversion
zThe angle units (DEG, RAD, GRAD) is set by pressing [ DRG ] to
display the angle menu. The relation among the three angle units
is :
180°=πrad = 200 grad
Angle conversations ( See Example 32. ) :
1. Change the default angle settings to the units you want to
convert to.
2. Enter the value of the unit to convert.
3. Press [ DMS ] to display the menu. The units you can select
are °(degrees), ′(minutes), ″(seconds), r(radians), g
(gradians) or DMS (Degrees-Minutes-Seconds).
4. Choose the units you are converting from.
5. Press [ ] twice.
zTo convert an angle to DMS notation, select "DMS " which
converts an entry to DMS notations, i.e., where 1°30′0″
represents 1 degrees, 30 minutes, 0 seconds. See Example 33.
zTo convert a DMS notation to decimal, select °(degrees), ′
(minutes), ″(seconds). See Example 34.

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Trigonometric / Inverse-Tri. Functions
SRP-285II provides standard trigonometric functions and inverse
trigonometric functions - sin, cos, tan, sin –1, cos –1 and tan –1. See
Example 35~37.
(Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set
for the angle unit you want.
Hyperbolic / Inverse-Hyp. Functions
SRP-285II uses [ 2nd ] [ HYP ] to calculate the hyperbolic functions
and inverse- hyperbolic functions – sinh, cosh, tanh, sinh –1, cosh –1
and tanh –1. See Example 38~39.
(Note) : When using those keys, make sure the calculator is set
for the angle unit you want.
Coordinates Transformation
Pressing [ 2nd ] [ R P ] displays a menu to convert rectangular
coordinates to polar coordinates or vice versa. See Example
40~41.
Rectangular Coordinates Polar Coordinates
x + y i = r (cosθ+ i sinθ)
(Note) : When using those key, make sure the calculator is set
for the angle unit you want.
Probability
zPressing [ PRB ] displays the probability menu. See Example
42~46. With the following functions :
nPr Calculates the number of possible permutations of n item
taken r at a time.
nCr Calculates the number of possible combinations of n
items taken r at a time.
!Calculates the factorial of a specified positive integer n ,
where n ≦69.
RANDM
Generates a random number between 0 and 1.
RANDMI
Generates a random integer value between two specified
integers, A and B, where A ≦random value ≦B

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Other Functions ( X–1, √, X, X 2, ^ )
zThe calculator also provides reciprocal ( [ x –1 ] ), square root
( [ √ ] ), universal root ( [ X] ), square ( [ x 2] ) and
exponentiation ( [ ^] ) functions. See Example 47~50.
Unit Conversions
zThe calculator has a built-in unit conversion feature that enables
you to convert numbers from metric to English units and vice
versa. See Example 51.
1. Enter the number you want to convert.
2. Press [ 2nd ] [ CONV ] to display the menu. There are 7
menus, covering distance, area, temperature, capacity,
weight, energy, and pressure.
3. Use the [ ] [ ] to scroll through the list of units until a
appropriate units menu is shown, then [ ].
4. Pressing [
] or [ ] can convert the number to another
unit.
Physical Constants
zYou can use a number of physical constants in your calculations.
See table below :
Symbol Meaning Value
c Speed of light in vacuum 299792458 m / s
g Acceleration of gravity 9.80665 m.s –2
G Gravitational constant 6.6725985 x 10 –11 N.m 2
kg –2
Vm molar volume of ideal gas 0.0224141 m 3mol –1
NAAvagadro's number 6.022136736 x 10 23mol –1
e Elementary charge 1.6021773349 x 10 –19 C
meElectron mass 9.109389754 x 10 –31 kg
mpProton mass 1.672623110 x 10 –27 kg
h Plank's constant 6.626075540 x 10 –34 J.s
k Boltzmann's constant 1.38065812 x 10 –23 J.K –1
R Gas constant 8.3145107 J / mol zk
F Faraday constant 96485.30929 C / mol
mn Neutron constant 1.67492861 x 10 –27 kg
µ Atomic mass constant 1.66054021 x 10 –27 kg
ε0Dielectric permittivity 8.854187818 x 10 –12 F/m
µ 0Magnetic permittivity 0.000001257 H / m
φ 0Flux quantum 2.067834616 x 10 –15 Vs
a 0Bohr radius 5.2917724924 x 10 –11m
µB Bohr magneton 9.274015431 x 10 –24Azm2
µN Neutron magnetic moment 5.050786617 x 10 –27J / T

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To insert a constant at the cursor position ( See Example 52. ) :
1. Press [ CONST ] to display the physical constants menu.
2. Press [
] until the constant you want is underlined.
3. Press [ ].
Mode 1 - STAT
There are three menu operations in statistics menu : 1–VAR ( for
analyzing data in a single dataset), 2–VAR ( for analyzing paired
data from two datasets ) and D–CL ( for clearing all datasets). See
Example 38.
Single-Variable / Two-Variable Statistics
Step :
1. From the statistics menu, choose 1–VAR or 2–VAR and
press [ ].
2. Press [ DATA ] and there are three menus:
DATA–INPUT
,
LIMIT – SET
,
DISTR
. Please select
DATA–INPUT
and press
[ ].
3. Enter an x - value and press [ ].
4. Enter the frequency ( FREQ ) of the x - value (in 1–VAR
mode) or the corresponding y - value ( in 2–VAR mode )
and press [ ].
5. To enter more data, repeat from step 3.
6. Press [ 2nd ] [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical
result menus by [ ] or [ ] to find out statistical variables
you want. ( See table below )
Variable Meaning
nNumber of the x values or x-y pairs entered.
or Mean of the x values or y values
Xmas or Ymax Maximum of the x values or y values
Xmin or Ymin Minimum of the x values or y values
Sx or Sy Sample standard deviation of x values or y
values.
1n
)xx(
S
2
x−
∑−
=,
1n
)yy(
Sy
2
−
∑−
=
σxor σyPopulation standard deviation of x values or y
values
n
)xx(
x
2
∑−
=σ ,
n
)yy(
y
2
∑−
=σ
Σx or ΣySum of all x values or y values

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Σx 2or Σy 2Sum of all x 2values or y 2values
Σx y Sum of (x zy) for all x-y pairs
Process capability
Step : ( See Example 53~54. )
1. Press [ DATA ] and there are three menus :
DATA–INPUT
,
LIMIT – SET
,
DISTR
. Please select
LIMIT – SET
and press
[ ].
2. Enter an upper spec. limit value (
X USL
or
Y USL
), then
press [
].
3. Enter a lower spec. limit value ( X LSL or Y LSL ), then
press [ ].
4. Enter the datasets you want under
DATA–INPUT
mode.
5. Press [ 2nd ] [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical
results menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out process capability
variables you want. ( See table below )
Variable Meaning
Cax or Cay Capability accuracy of the x values or y values
,
Cpx or Cpy Potential capability precision of the x values or y
values,
,
Cpkx or Cpky Minimum (CPU, CPL) of the x values or y values,
where CPU is upper spec. limit of capability
precision and CPL is lower spec. limit of
capability precision
C pkx = Min (C PUX , C PLX) = C px(1 – C ax )
C pky = Min (C PUY , C PLY) = C py(1 – C ay )
(Note) : When calculating process capability in 2–VAR mode, the
x nand y nare independent with each other.
Probability distribution
Step : ( See Example 55. )
1. Based on the datasets in 1–VAR mode, press [ DATA ] and
there are three menu :
DATA – INPUT
, LIMI
T – SET
,
DISTR
.
Please choose
DISTR
and press [ ].
2. Enter a
a xvalue, then press [ ].
3. Press [ STATVAR ] and scroll through the statistical results
menu by [ ] or [ ] to find out probability distribution
variables you want. (See table below)

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Variable Meaning
tTest value
P ( t ) Represent the cumulative fraction of the
standard normal distribution that is less than the
value t
R ( t ) Represent the cumulative fraction of the
standard normal distribution that lies between
the value t and 0. R ( t ) =1 – ( t )
Q ( t ) Represent the cumulative fraction of the
standard normal distribution that is greater than
the value t Q ( t ) = | 0.5 – ( t ) |
Linear regression
Step : ( See Example 56. )
1. Based on the datasets in 2–VAR mode, press [ STATVAR ]
and scroll through the statistical results menu by [ ] or [ ]
to find out a, b, or r.
2. To predict a value for x (or y) given a value for y (or x), select
the x ' (or y ' variable, press [ ], enter the given value,
and press [ ] again. (See table below)
Variable Meaning
aLinear regression y-intercept ∑∑ −
=x
n
by
a
bLinear regression slope ∑∑
−
∑∑∑
−
=
))x(xn(
)yxxyn(
b22
rCorrelation coefficient
∑∑ ∑∑
−−
∑∑∑
−
=
))y(yn)()x(xn(
)yxxyn(
r
2222
x ' Predicted x values given a, b, and y vales
b
ay
'x −
=
y ' Predicted y value given a, b, and x value.
bxa'y +=
Correcting data
Step : ( See Example 57. )
1. Press [ DATA ].
2. To change x - values or the frequency of the x - value in
1–VAR mode ( or the corresponding y - value in 2–VAR
mode ), please choose
DATA – INPUT
. To change upper spec.

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limit value, or lower spec. limit value, please choose
LIMIT – SET
. To change ax, please choose
DISTR
.
3. Press [
] to scroll through the data you have entered.
4. To change an entry, display it and enter the new data. The
new data you enter overwrites the old entry. Press [ ] or
[ ] to save the change.
(Note) : Even you exit STAT mode, all data in 1–VAR and
2–VAR mode are still retained unless you clear all data
by selecting D–CL mode.
Mode 2 - Base-n
Bases conversions
The number system (10, 16, 2 , 8 ) is set by pressing [ 2nd ] [ dhbo ]
to display the menu, making one of the items underlined followed
[ ]. A corresponding symbol – " d", " h", " b", " o" appears
on the display. (The default setting is d: decimal base). See
Example 58.
(Note) : The total range of numbers handled in this mode is 0, 1,
2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE, IF. If values not
valid for the particular number system are used, attach
the corresponding designator (d, h, b, o), or an error
message will appear.
Binary base ( b) : 0, 1
Octal base ( o) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7
Decimal base ( d) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9
Hexadecimal base ( h) : 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, /A, IB, IC, ID, IE,
IF
Pressing [ ] can use block function to display a result in octal or
binary base which exceeds 8 digits. The system is designed to
display up to 4 blocks. See Example 59.
Negative expression
zIn binary, octal, and hexadecimal bases, the calculator represents
negative numbers using complement notation. The complement is
the result of subtracting that number from 10000000000 in that
number's base by pressing [ NEG ] key in non-decimal bases.
See Example 60.

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Basic arithmetic operations for bases
zThe unit enables you to calculate in number base other than
decimal. The calculator can add, subtract, multiply, and divide
binary, octal, and hexadecimal numbers. See Example 61.
Logical operation
Logical operations are performed through logical products (AND),
negative logical (NAND), logical sums (OR), exclusive logical sums
(XOR), negation (NOT), and negation of exclusive logical sums
(XNOR). See Example 62.
Mode 3 - CPLX
zComplex mode enables you to add, subtract, multiply, and divide
complex numbers. See Example 63. The results of a complex
operation are displayed as follow :
Re Real value Im Imaginary value
ab Absolute value ar Argument value
Mode 4 - VLE
Variable linear equations (VLE) mode can solve a set of
simultaneous equations with two unknowns as follows :
a x + b y = c
d x + e y = f, where x and y are unknown.
zIn VLE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c, d, e, f) in
the correct order, and the calculator automatically solves for x, y.
See Example 64.
Mode 5 - QE
Quadratic equations (QE) mode can solve a equations as follows :
a x 2+ b x + c = 0, where x is unknown.
zIn QE mode, you just enter each coefficient ( a, b, c) in the correct
order, and the calculator automatically solves for all x values.
See Example 65.